• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A method is described for measuring a change in the mechanical state aiming at detecting the disturbance the change in state has on a magnetic flux (o). This flux is brought to flow through at least a part of the body (1) under the influence of a driving magnetizing force (H<u0>u). In order to achieve an unambiguous measuring result the average length (//c) of the magnetic circuit is kept constant and independent of the change in the mechanical state. The flux (o) consists partly of a main flux (o<u0>u) having a definite direction and being of such a magnitude that the magnetic properties of the body depart from the region of irreversibility and partly of an alternating, gradually vanishing flux (o<uy>u) superimposed upon the main flux. The alternating flux must have such an initial magnitude that saturation is obtained in both directions of the alternating flux (o<uv>u). After the vanishing of the alternating flux (o<uv>u the disturbance generated through the change in the mechanical state is indicated or registered as a voltage which is induced by the change in flux corresponding to the disturbance. A device which works as explained above comprises means for generating the flux (o) through the body (1) which is arranged to form a magnetic circuit with at least a part of the body (1). This circuit should be essentially free from air gaps and have an average length (//c) for the driving magnetic force (H<u0>u) which is independent of the change in the mechanical state. The device is arranged to force partly the main flux (o<u0>u) and partly the superimposed alternating flux (o<uv>u) through the magnetic circuit. By means of a coil system (5) connected to a measuring or indicating device (8) the change in flux corresponding to the disturbance caused by the change in state is detected.
    公开号:SU973040A3
    申请号:SU792806958
    申请日:1979-08-10
    公开日:1982-11-07
    发明作者:Йилькен Лейф
    申请人:Стонгоконсульт (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a measurement technique, namely, measurements of forces and mechanical stresses, and can be used for testing parts and structures made of ferromagnetic materials under dynamic loads, as well as for detecting fluidity, delamination and the like at constant loads. .
    A known method for measuring mechanical stresses consists in that a constant magnetic field is excited in a ferromagnetic part, induction is measured, and mechanical stresses are determined from the results obtained. A device for measuring mechanical stresses contains an open-ended magnetic core, part of which is made in the form of a permanent magnet, and a magnetic field induction meter in the form of a ferrozond placed between the poles of the magnetic circuit G.
    However, with this implementation of the method and apparatus, the rates of change of mechanical voltages cannot be measured.
    There is also known a method for measuring the rate of change of a mechanical load on a ferromagnetic body, which means that a constant magnetic field is excited in the body, the rate of change of the magnetic flux is measured and the rate of change of the load on the ferromagnetic body is obtained from the results.
    10 A device for measuring the rate of change of a mechanical load contains a loaded closed magnetic circuit with a cross-shaped central section of the exciting winding,
    15 encompassing a cruciform section and fed by a direct current, as well as a measuring winding encompassing a cruciform section criss-cross with exciting winding
    However, such an implementation of the method and apparatus does not provide high accuracy of measurement results. This is due to the fact that the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit
    25 and its change at each time point is ambiguously dependent on the load, since they also depend on the nature of the preceding processes of both magnetization reversal and mechanical load, which together affect the state of the domain structure of the magnetic circuit,
    The closest to the proposed technical solution is a method of measuring the parameters of a mechanical load on a ferromagnetic body, consisting in that a stationary alternating magnetic field is excited in a body and a non-stationary alternating damped magnetic field with an initial amplitude saturating the body, the intensity of a stationary magnetic field is measured after the decay of a non-stationary magnetic field, and the load parameter on the ferromagnetic body — the acting force — is determined from the measurement results; To measure the parameters of a mechanical load on a ferromagnetic body, as a ferromagnetic body, a closed magnetic circuit, exciting and additional windings, covering the magnetic core, a power supply unit in the form of an alternating current source connected to the exciting winding, an alternating current source with an output switch, connected to the additional winding and measuring element. Moreover, the source of decaying alternating current is made in the form of a capacitor, periodically connected to a DC source, then to an additional winding, and the measuring element is designed as a resistor connected in series with the excitation winding Z.
    With this implementation of the method and
    devices, the magnetic core material is subjected to demagnetization and mechanical shock effects by means of a non-stationary damped magnetic field, resulting in its domain structure in an energy-stable state, which ensures an increased accuracy of measurement results. However, the known technical solution does not allow to obtain the necessary
    In some cases, information on the rate of change of the mechanical load and other quantities, since differentiation of the envelope of the sinusoidal output signal with satisfactory accuracy is difficult. In addition, the known device does not allow measuring the parameters of the load on various ferromagnetic bodies of choice, since the loaded body in it is a magnetic conductor, an irremovable part of the device.
    The aim of the invention is to provide the possibility of measuring
    rates of change of load on various ferromagnetic bodies.
    To achieve this goal, according to the method of measuring the parameters of the mechanical load on the ferromagnetic
    the body comprising the fact that a stationary magnetic field and an alternating damped field are excited in the body with an initial amplitude saturating the body, the stationary magnetic field parameter is measured and the parameters of the mechanical load on the ferromagnetic body are determined using the obtained results, the stationary magnetic field is chosen constant
    5 with a strength that ensures the reversibility of the magnetic properties of the body, and the measured change rate of the magnetic flux is used as the measured parameter of the stationary magnetic field,
    In a device for measuring steam, mechanical stress meters on a ferromagnetic body containing a magnetic core, an excitation winding covering the magnetic cores, a power supply unit connected to the excitation winding, a source of damped alternating current with an output switch, and a measuring element, the subsequent research institute is made in the form of a measuring winding covering the magnetic core, the power supply unit is made in the form of a direct current source, the source of damped alternating current is connected to the exciting winding, and the magnetic core is open with poles superimposed on a sliding ferromagnetic body,
    0 The magnetic core can be made of separate identical plates placed axisymmetrically, and all windings can be cylindrical.
    5 The drawing shows a device for measuring parameters of a mechanical load on a ferromagnetic body.
    The device contains a magnetic core 1, which is open, with poles superimposed on the ferromagnetic body 2 with the possibility of sliding. The magnetic circuit 1 covers exciting 3 and measuring 4 windings. A power supply unit, made in the form of a direct current source 5, and a damped alternating current source 6 with an output switch are connected to the excitation winding 3. The connection of sources 5 and 6 with the winding 3 made
    0 converter 7.
    The magnetic circuit 1 can be made of separate identical plates placed axisymmetrically around the body 2, and the windings 3 and 4 are made
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    5 cylindrical. A converter block 8 is connected to measuring winding 4 for the subsequent processing of the output signal. It includes a signal amplifier 9, an amplifier 10 with an integrator amplifier with an integrator and a low-pass filter 11, an amplifier with an integrator and a high-pass filter 12. The proposed method is implemented by the operation of the device as follows: Magnetic circuit 1 is installed with poles on a ferromagnetic body 2. Power supply unit 5 and an alternating-damping current source b are turned on, which in turn creates a constant magnetic field and alternating magnetic field in a ferromagnetic body 2. The intensity of the constant magnetic field corresponds to finding the magnetic properties of the body in the zone of their reversibility, and the initial amplitude of the intensity of the alternating damped field ensures the saturation of the body. The damped magnetic field exposes the demagnetization of the material of the body and due to the appearance of magnetostriction by mechanical effects. As a result, the domain structure of the ferromagnetic body changes to an energetically stable, unambiguous state, independent of the history of magnetization of the body. After the decay of the alternating field, the magnetic state of the ferromagnetic body, for example, the induction of a magnetic field, will be uniquely determined only by the load P on it and the strength of the constant magnetic field. When the load P varies with time, the magnetic flux F in the body 2 and the magnetic core 1 will vary in proportion to the load. For this reason, the EMF, proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic flux Φ in the magnetic core and, respectively, the rate of change of load P, is induced on the measuring winding 3. Measured EMF, the rate of change of the magnetic flux of a stationary magnetic field is determined and the rate of change of load. The use of the proposed method and device for its implementation makes it possible to increase the accuracy of the results of measurements of the rate of change of the stress state during dynamic testing of parts. structures, etc., made of ferromagnetic materials. Claim 1. A method of measuring the parameters of a mechanical load on a ferromagnetic body, which consists in exciting a stationary magnetic field in the body and an alternating damped magnetic field with an initial amplitude saturating the body, measuring the parameter of a stationary magnetic field after the attenuation of the alternating magnetic field and The results obtained determine the parameters of the mechanical load, which is also so that, in order to ensure the possibility of measuring the rate of change of the mechanical load, the stationary magnetic field with a selected constant field strength, magnetic properties of providing reversibility ± ate, and as the measured parameter of the stationary magnetic field is used the rate of change of its magnetic flux. 2. A device for measuring the parameters of a mechanical load on a ferromagnetic body containing a magnetic core, an excitation winding encompassing the magnetic core, a power supply unit connected to the excitation winding, a source of damped alternating current with an output switch, and a measuring element that has that the measuring element is made in the form of a measuring winding encompassing the magnetic circuit, the power supply unit is made in the form of a DC source, the source of decaying alternating current is connected to the exciting winding, and the magnetic circuit is made open with the poles superimposed on the ferromagnetic body with the possibility of sliding. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 120670, cl. G 01 B 7/24, 1958.
    [2]
    2. Automatic devices with magnetoelastic converters. M., Energie, 1974, p. 61, Fig.2.2.
    [3]
    3.Avtorsk certificate of the USSR 547652, cl. G 01 L 1/12, 1975 (prototype).
    HI1j.
    F
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO1979000369A1|1979-06-28|
    FR2461247A1|1981-01-30|
    FR2461247B1|1984-01-20|
    SE403517B|1978-08-21|
    CH635935A5|1983-04-29|
    EP0007963A1|1980-02-20|
    GB2036329A|1980-06-25|
    US4316146A|1982-02-16|
    DE2857236A1|1981-01-08|
    GB2036329B|1982-12-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3534254A|1968-04-16|1970-10-13|Honeywell Inc|Method for measuring the magnetoelastic coefficient and difference in anisotropy field in ferromagnetic material|
    GB1305474A|1969-12-03|1973-01-31|
    SE368871B|1971-07-15|1974-07-22|Asea Ab|
    JPS5214985B2|1972-04-03|1977-04-26|
    SU489969A1|1974-03-19|1975-10-30|Завод Железобетонных Конструкций N2 Комбината "Запорожжилстрой"|Mechanical stress measuring device|
    DD112001A1|1974-05-10|1975-03-12|
    US4188577A|1975-12-11|1980-02-12|Magnetic Analysis Corporation|Pulse eddy current testing apparatus for magnetic materials, particularly tubes|CA1182220A|1981-08-19|1985-02-05|Hiroshi Yamamoto|Method of measuring the normalized magnitude of ringopening in spiral pipe|
    CA1182172A|1982-04-28|1985-02-05|Frank G. Tomaiuolo|Method and apparatus for non-destructive testing ofmagnetical permeable bodies|
    US4555665A|1982-08-04|1985-11-26|Pa Incorporated|Magnetic flux method for measuring tubular wall thickness|
    DE3680387D1|1985-04-18|1991-08-29|Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd|MAGNETIC FIELD CONTROL FOR AMORPHOUS ALLOY SENSOR.|
    US5008621A|1989-04-14|1991-04-16|Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc.|Multiparameter magnetic inspection system with magnetic field control and plural magnetic transducers|
    US5012189A|1989-05-22|1991-04-30|Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc.|Method for deriving information regarding stress from a stressed ferromagnetic material|
    US5086651A|1990-09-19|1992-02-11|Bruce Westermo|Strain monitoring apparatus and methods for use in mechanical structures subjected to stress|
    US5313405A|1991-09-04|1994-05-17|Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc.|System and method for non-destructive evaluation of surface characteristics of a magnetic material|
    US5394083A|1992-08-20|1995-02-28|Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc.|Magnetic imaging system for display of local variations of magnetic properties in magnetic material|
    US5475305A|1993-02-18|1995-12-12|Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc.|Magnetic inspection probe for measurement of magnetic anisotropy|
    DE9309216U1|1993-06-21|1994-11-03|Burandt Dieter|Arrangement for generating an alternating magnetic field|
    US5698977A|1993-10-12|1997-12-16|The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration|Eddy current method for fatigue testing|
    US5479099A|1993-10-18|1995-12-26|Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc.|Magnetic inspection head suited for contoured or irregular surfaces|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE7714052A|SE403517B|1977-12-12|1977-12-12|PROCEDURE AND DEVICE TO META OR DETECT A MECHANICAL CONDITION CHANGE|
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