• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    1437486 Piezoelectric devices; acoustic lenses STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE 17 Aug 73 [21 Sept 1972] 38977/73 Headings H4b and H4X An ultrasonic transducer arrangement converts a portion of a focused compressional acoustic image field of an area to be viewed to electrical impulses representative of the incident focused compressional acoustic image field. The electrical impulses can be used to produce an image of the area. The arrangement, which can be used in medical applications for observing an organ continuously, includes an array of piezoelectric elements arranged in a single curved line, the line being defined by the configuration of the focused compressional image field. A transducer arrangement 10 (Fig. 1) comprises a plurality of transducer assemblies 12 secured together side-by-side to an arcuate support 14. Each transducer assembly mounts a piezoelectric slab 16 constituting a linear array of piezoelectric elements and the piezoelectric slabs 16 form a curved linear array. Each slab 16 (Fig. 2) has slots 18 cut across it to provide thirty two islands 20 and an equal number of slots 18. Both sides of the slabs 16 have a silver coating 17. The slabs 16 (Fig. 8) are supported by a metal support 30 in a slot (32) Fig. 4 (not shown). Acoustic matching material consisting of 58% by weight tungsten powder, balance epoxy resin, fills the slot (32). The rear side of the metal support 30 has a printed circuit board (42, 44) with conductive fingers (46a, 47a) which are connected electrically to the silver coatings on the islands 20. Between these conductive fingers (46a, 47a) are non-contacted fingers (46, 47) which form a Faraday shield. A channel shaped member 58 of non-conductive plastics is secured by epoxy resin to the printed circuit boards (42, 44) and holds the individual assembly 12 together. An aluminium block 60 is fixed by bolts 62 to the channel shaped member 58 and the block 60 is secured to the arcuate support 14 by a bolt 64. The aluminium block 60 supports four printed circuit boards 66 each of which supports preamplifiers for amplifying signals from the piezoelectric elements. Each piezoelectric island 20 constitutes one sampling element of the curved linear array. Sampling takes place sequentially an element at a time along a single linear portion across the compressional image field. The next adjacent line portion of the compressional image field is then scanned. Each island 20 is preferably square but practical constructions are usually oblong. Such oblong islands 20 require a cylindrical collimating lens spaced from the slab 16 by a distance that permits the converging incident wave field to focus in the adjacent plane of the slab 16 along the direction parallel to the lens. The lens may be in one curved piece which fits the entire transducer arrangement 10 or may be made in segments, one segment for each transducer assembly 12 and adjacent ends of lenses being chamfered so that only one lens is effectively formed when the individual transducer assemblies 12 are put together.
    公开号:SU942577A3
    申请号:SU731959652
    申请日:1973-09-20
    公开日:1982-07-07
    发明作者:Шепард Грин Филип
    申请人:Станфорд Рисерч Институт (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    (5) ULTRASOUND CONVERTER
    one
    The invention relates to ultrasound transducers for visualizing ultrasonic oscillation fields by converting the configuration of acoustic pressure fields in liquids into visible analogs used in various industries, in particular in diagnostics.
    A device is known that consists of a cathode ray scanning tube and a resonating plate mounted on it with a quartz coating on the outer side of D.
    However, this device does not have adequate resolution and sensitivity. In addition, the reliability problem is not fully resolved.
    The closest in technical essence to the proposed is a transducer containing a linear series of individual piezoelectric elements connected through an electrical contact device to the amplifier and subjected to electronic scanning at high speed, while the entire series is mechanically moving along the image surface or field the sound image moves past a still row 2.
    The disadvantages of this device are low image accuracy and low sensitivity.
    10 The purpose of the invention is to improve image accuracy and sensitivity. The goal is achieved in that the device contains a linear array of linear rows of piezoelectric
    5 elements having a layer of acoustic impedance material and arranged along a single curve determined by the configuration of the converted compressed sound image field,
    20 along which there is a cylindrical lens centered above the grating between the field and the piezoelectric elements.
    In addition, the curve is an arc, the lattice of piezoelectric elements is made in the form of a set of modules arranged one after the other, each one being. The core includes one linear row of piezoelectric elements in the form of plates of a piezoelectric material and a number of individual piezoelectric elements of a rectangular shape, separated from each other by thin rectangular gaps. The layer of acoustic impedance material is in contact with one surface of the grating made of piezoelectric elements, located between the elements and the converted sound pressure field and has a thickness of 1 / wavelength at the corresponding frequency. The impedance material consists of a mixture of 2 weight Epoxy and 58 weight. | tungsten powder ma. The electrical contact device includes an electrical conductor connected to the common surface of the piezoelectric elements, separate contacts connected to the opposite surface of each piezoelectric element, and shielding means connected to the common conductor, and to the first conductor assembly, which consists of conductors at opposite ends of the piezoelectric elements, the second conductor assembly connected to separate contacts of piezoelements and a grid. The amplifier is connected between the common conductor and each individual conductor of the second group of conductors. FIG. 1 shows the proposed ultrasonic transducer option; in fig. 2 shows a section A-.A in FIG. in FIG. 3 piezoelectric elements, top view; in fig. k is a reverse side view of a portion of a single transducer assembly element, depicting the grating of the piezoelectric elements, their supporting structure and electrical connections; in fig. 5 is a linear series of piezoelectric elements with a partial cutout, with the image of mounting of piezoelectric elements. Enlarged as an end; in fig. 6 - the same, only the edge of the piezoelectric element and the lens is shown; in fig. 7, the upper part of the transducer array (piezoelectric plate) lens, top view; in fig. 8 is a linear row of piezoelectric elements with the image of the connection of all elements of each carrier node of the piezoelectric lattice, side view. Ultrasonic transducer 1 is made of modules 2 with slots 3 in which linear arrays of piezoelectric elements are installed, which transform the compressed sound image field into electrical impulses. The arc line is configured with an arc so that one line intersects the compressed sound image field. The reason why a curved straight row corresponds more to a squeezed field, an image than a row in a straight line, is that the lens used to focus the image in this variant forms a focused, compressed image field in the shape of a segment. spheres, and the line intersecting the segment of the sphere is an arc. Each row of piezoelectric elements k is processed in such a way that it has 32 notches 5 and the same number of projections 6. At one end of the row there is a projection 6 of the full profile, and at the other end there is a notch 5 of the full profile, so that when the modules one to the other, the protrusions and recesses alternate along the entire length of the grid. For a good electrical contact on the piezoelectric lattice, both sides of the row of piezoelectric elements 4 are covered with a layer 7 of a good conductor, such as silver, before it. Bullets 5 are applied, which effectively separate the conductors deposited on the top of the projections 6, so that the projections can be independently connected to the electrical circuit. The length of the support of a number of piezoelectric elements A is the length of the metal panel 8 having a carrier groove 9 over the entire width. The manhole extends over the entire width of the metal panel. In order to provide support for the row of piezoelectric elements 4, the metal panel 8 on the side of the groove has a stepped configuration, so that the sponge 10 is on each side of the panel and the groove. A set of piezoelectric elements k is placed in the chamfers on the mating lips 10, is fixed flush with the back side of the metal panel 8. The protrusions 6 have a direction along the total length of the panel 8. The width of the groove 9 has the same width (10, 9 mm) as the row The primer elements are k, and the guiding jaws 10, the groove are approximately 0.381 mm. A series of piezoelectric elements is fixed in the groove using epoxy adhesive. When gluing a series of piezoelectric elements k in the groove 9, the glue can break the electrical connection between the conductive layer 7 on the front side of the row and the panel 8. Therefore, a conductive coating 11 (for example gold) is applied to the conductive layer 7 on the surface of the piezoelectric elements and on the part of the surface of the panel 8, adjacent to the lips of the groove on both sides. Conductors on opposite sides of the piezoelectric elements k remove the electrical signal (voltage) generated by the compressed image field displayed on the surface of the piezoelectric elements.
    For the best transfer of energy between the oblique compressed image field and a number of piezoelectric elements, material 12 is applied to the surface of the latter with a corresponding impedance. The width of the groove 9 is equivalent to the wavelength in the transmission medium of the detected ultrasonic frequency. Here, the groove width is 10.1 mm (the distance between the jaws 10.). Material 12, which fills the groove, is chosen so that its impedance is equal to the square root of the product of the impedances of the piezoelectric ceramics and the transmission medium. As impedance material be-; Route epoxy or polystyrene mixed with tungsten or aluminum powder. The thickness of the impedance material is the same as the thickness of the sponge 1 On the carrier panel 8, namely I / wavelength (in the impedance material) of the detected ultrasonic frequency. In this case, the thickness of the impedance material is 0.203 mm and the mixture is 58% by weight of tungsten powder and C2% by weight of epoxide. The resulting acoustic impedance is 7.1 kg / m. Each protrusion or recess is one primary sensor element (piezoelectric lattice) and the image capture of the compressed field occurs sequentially, element by element.
    The best reproduction of the image field is obtained if the segments (primary elements) interlock well and alternate. To do this, it is necessary that each element of the sensor grid has the same height and width, i.e. so that the elements were square. However, in practice, the protrusions 6 of the lattice have a greater length (height) than width. In order to compensate for this discrepancy along the length of the groove 9 of the transducer grating and parallel to it, install a cylindrical collimator lens 13 located from the transducer grating at a distance allowing the inclined wave field to be focused at a single point in a direction parallel to the cylindrical lens. The required interval between the collimator lens and the protrusions 6 p of the piezoelectric elements k is provided with safety pads j, which are located along the length of the bearing groove 9 on its opposite sides and on the surface of the metal panel 8. The bottom edge of the pads Ik is attached to the surface of the panel 8, and the top edge , beveled along its length in order to match the curvature of the lens, is attached to the bottom surface of the lens. Thus, the gaskets hold the lens 13 in the desired position above the protrusions 6 p of the piezoelectric elements 4. The material from which the gaskets are made is not essential, just as the distance between the gaskets is not significant, except that they must be located far enough from the edges of the groove 9i in which a series of piezoelectric elements k is placed so as not to distort the inclined floor of the acoustic compression.
    FIG. Figures 6 and 7 show the operation of a lens, which allows focusing a wave field converging at one point in one plane row and making parallel wave fields converging at one point in another row of planes. Figure 6 shows schematically on converting lines x15 that wave fields converging at one point, which are usually located in planes vertically in a row of piezoelectric elements 4, pass through the lens 13 and due to the curved surfaces of the cylindrical lens. parallel in planes that are usually located along the length of the elongated protrusions of the 6th row of the piezoelectric element, i. perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the collimator line 13. In FIG. Figure 7 shows schematically on lines 16 and arrows on them that focus the wave fields converging from one point, which are usually located in planes along the longitudinal axis and lens 13.
    Observing the oblique, converging at one point, fields marked by lines 16, it is clear that the oblique wave field is first accelerated on the encountered collimator lens 13 (this is indicated by the inward lines in the lens 13 because the lens is made of a material in where the sound has a speed greater than that of the surrounding conductive sound medium. When sound waves emerge from the lens 13 on the lattice side, they are again slowed down and therefore converge again at one point (shown by lines 17) at their initial angle tilt. Lens 13 Y Alena from the protrusions 6 p of the piezoelectric elements 4 for the spacing necessary to focus the sound waves onto the surface of the protrusions 6. If a material with a higher conductivity is used than the speed of sound in the environment, the lint is made convex in a cross section parallel to place of the protrusions 6 (through the groove 9,), but of the same shape in any given cross section parallel to the longitudinal dimension of the groove 9H In practice, the lens 13 can be made in the form of one curved piece that exactly matches all it has the length of the slot 3 on the entire converter 1, or it can be made in the form of segments that cover the groove 9 for only one oddul 2 and have edges bent (not shown) so that when the individual modules 2 are joined together in a single din a transducer, only one lens is formed. In some cases, for example, with square rather than elongated grating elements, the lens is not needed. An electrical connection is made between the front side of the ridge of the protrusions and the metal panel 8 by means of a conductive coating 11 or a gold coating. 8 as a means for making electrical connections with a layer of 7 silver on
    the sides of the panel 8, opposite to the apertures of the projections 6, are made of a pair of panels 18, 19 of the printed circuit (FIG.).
    Thus, a series of piezoelectric elements k is placed on the jaws 10 of the metal panel 8 and between the panels of the printed circuit. The sides of the printed circuit boards 18, 1.9, which are connected to the metal panel 8, are not conductors, i.e., the printed circuit panels 18, 19 are electrically diverted from the panel 8. The printed circuit panels 18, 19 are covered with conductive material, etched in such a way that the plurality of conducting contacts 20 and 20a on the panel 18 and contacts 21 and 21a — on the panel 19 are arranged along the panels parallel to the projections 6 and the recesses 5 in the number of piezoelectric elements 4 and exactly coincide with the projections. On each of the panels 18 and 19, there are as many conductive contacts as the protrusions 6 on the p de piezoelectric elements k.
    The alternating contacts on each panel are connected to the interleaved protrusions 6 by means of small lead wires 22.
    Contacts that are connected are arranged in direct correspondence with the connected protrusions 6. The connected conductive contacts 20a on the printed circuit panel 18 are directly opposite to unconnected contacts 21, and the connected conductive contacts 21a on the printed circuit panel 19 are in direct correspondence with unconnected pins 20 on panel 18 of the printed circuit. Unconnected pins 20 and 21 on both panels of the printed circuit provide shielding of the connected contacts 20a and 21a, which are part of the current circuit. To perform the shielding function, the unconnected contacts 20 on the panel 18 are all connected to form one conductive element (by means of a conductor rail 23, which is located on the outside). The screen ends with explorer 24,
    which is connected to both the back side of the conductor rail 23 on the screen and to the nearest adjacent section of the carrier panel 8.
    Similarly, the contacts 21a on the printed circuit board panel are shielded by a conductive strip 25 located on the outer side of the printed circuit panel 19, which (strip) connects the remaining contacts 21. The shield circuit is connected to the nearest portion of the metal panel 8 by the contact 26. Thus Thus, the conductive structures on both panels 18 and 19 of the printed circuit are effectively grounded to form a Faradish screen, which prevents interference with the conductive contacts 20a and 21a of the current circuit. Each module 2 of the converter must be firmly fixed to avoid breaking the piezoelectric C transducer row, modules 2 valleys must be precisely and firmly fixed to form the converter. In order for the opposite sides of the metal panel B to be in rigid communication, there is a jumper 27 with a groove (Fig. 5) that intersects the back part of the row of piezoelectric elements k, so that the groove is located above and parallel to the groove 9 in the metal panel 8 The support web 27 is made of a non-conductive material, such as plastic, and does not interfere with conductivity in the conductive contacts on the panels 18 and 19 of the printed circuit. The lintels of the slots are attached with epoxy resin to the printed circuit board panels. In order to provide means for connecting the individual modules 2 to the arcuate assembly holding the element for the entire converter 1, as well as to provide means for connecting some electronic circuits to the module, the aluminum block 28 is bolted 29 from the reverse side. support jumper 27. Jumper 27 must be non-conductive, while the entire unit may be conductive. Aluminum is a light and relatively inert material from which a strong substrate is obtained, and with module 2 it is easier to handle when it is made of two parts, i.e. The adjustment of the individual modules 2 to each other is facilitated. The aluminum block 28 is fixed by means of an arcuate carrier element and held by bolts 29. Four panels of 30 printed circuits are mounted on the mini block, each of which contains elements and conductors of four pre-amplifiers (32 pre-amps in total). Two panels are fastened on each side of the aluminum block and are located in a downward direction to the panels 18 and 19 of the printed circuit on the reverse side of the conductive panel 8. On each side of the aluminum block are mounted the panels of the printed circuit parallel to each other. The bolt 31 is placed between the inner panels 30. of the printed circuit and the carrier aluminum block 28, and the intermediate insulating block 32 is placed between the inner panels 30 of the printed circuit and the next outer panel of the preamplifier. In order to provide electrical contacts between the preamplifiers on the printed circuit panels 30 and the conductive contacts on the printed circuit panels 19, 18, the conductive strips 33 go from the respective conductive contacts 20 and 21 to the circuits on the preamplifier panels. Thus, the electrical signal generated by each element of the piezoelectric lattice on each individual module 2 of converter 1 is transmitted via conductive contacts 20 and conducting rail 23 to individual preamplifiers on printed circuit panels 30. On each of the printed circuit panels 30, there are separate sockets 3 into which the conductors are connected. Amplified electrical signals are passed through them, displaying a compressed image field for further amplification or use. claims 1. An ultrasonic transducer for converting a portion of a compressed sound image field into an electrical signal made as a linear series of individual piezoelectric elements connected through an electrical contact device to an amplifier, characterized in that, in order to improve image accuracy and sensitivity, it contains a linear array of linear rows of piezoelectric elements having a layer of acoustic impedance material and arranged along one curve, defines my configuration converted compressed sound image floor cylindrical lens cent integrability. above the lattice between Zero and piezoelectric elements, 2. The transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the curve is an arc. 3. The converter is similar in that the grid of piezoelectric elements is made in the form of a set of modules, arranged one after the other, and each / module is turned on. one linear row of piezoelectric elements in the form of plates of a piezoelectric material and a number of individual piezoelectric elements of a rectangular shape, separated from each other by thin rectangular spaces .. Ts. Transducer according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the layer The acoustic impedance material is in contact with one surface of the grid of piezoelectric elements, is located between the elements and the converted sound pressure field, and has a wavelength of 1 / k at the appropriate frequency. 5. Converter according to n.t, which is characterized by the fact that the impedance material consists of a mixture of 42 wt. epoxide and 58 wt. tungsten powder. 6. The converter according to paragraph 3, that is, that the electrical contact device includes a common electrical conductor connected to the common surface of the piezoelectric elements, separate contacts connected to the opposite surface of each piezoelectric element, and shielding means connected to the common conductor and the first conductor assembly that consists of. conductors at opposite ends of the piezoelectric elements, and a second conductor assembly connected to the individual contacts of the piezoelectric elements of the linear grid. 7, Transducer according to p-3 is different in that the amplifier is connected between the common conductor and each individual conductor of the second group of conductors. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 90236, cl. G 01 N 29/00, 1936. 2.Journal of the acoustical Society of America, v. kk, r, 6, December 1968, p. 1719-1730.
    j
    J A-A
     S
    7 ff f
    U / /
    /
     p f
    R
    Have
    . 2
    /
    eight
    /
    FIG. 3
    7/24
    21
    FIG.
    FIG. 6
     d J J1 28 29E1 - g. 7l / / II //// /
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    Claim
    1. An ultrasonic transducer for converting a portion of a compressed field of an audio image into an electrical signal, made in the form of a linear series of individual piezoelectric elements connected through an electric contact device to an amplifier, characterized in that, in order to improve image accuracy and sensitivity, it contains a linear array of linear rows of piezoelectric elements having a layer of acoustic impedance material and located along one curve determined by the configuration of brazuemogo compressed sound field izob11 942,577 expressions cylindrical lens cent integrability. above the grating between the field and piezoelectric elements.
    [2]
    2. The Converter according to claim 1, characterized in that the curve is an arc.
    [3]
    3. A transducer according to nJ, characterized in that the lattice of piezoelectric elements is made in the form of a plurality of modules arranged one after the other, each / module including one linear row of piezoelectric elements in the form of plates of piezoelectric material and a number of individual rectangular piezoelectric elements shapes separated from each other by thin rectangular gaps ..
    [4]
    4. The transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer of acoustic impedance material is in contact with one surface of the grating of piezoelectric elements, located between the elements and the transformed field of sound pressure, and has a thickness of 1/4 wavelength at the corresponding frequency .
    [5]
    5. The Converter according to claim 4, characterized in that the impedance material consists of a mixture
    42 wt.% Epoxide and 5θ wt. 2; tungsten powder.
    [6]
    6. The converter according to claim 3, characterized in that
    A tertiary contact device includes a common electrical conductor connected to the common surface of the piezoelectric elements, separate contacts connected to the opposite , 0 to the opposite surface of each piezoelectric element, and shielding means connected to the common conductor and to the first conductor assembly, which consists of conductors at the opposite ends of the piezoelectric elements, and the second node of the conductors connected to the individual contacts of the piezoelectric elements of the linear array.
    [7]
    7. The converter for hours p.
    20 characterized in that the amplifier is connected between a common conductor and, each individual conductor of the second group of conductors.
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    同族专利:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US05/291,002|US3971962A|1972-09-21|1972-09-21|Linear transducer array for ultrasonic image conversion|
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