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    • 专利摘要:
    A fermentation process for the production of microbial biomass and a heteropolysaccharide biopolymer using methane as a carbon source. The biomass is suitable for use as a feedstuff and the polymer can be used as a thickening agent e.g. in foods or in the oil industry for use in drilling muds and to assist the recovery of subterranean deposits of oil. The process comprises cultivating at least one strain of a methane utilizing and extracellular heteropolysaccharide biopolymer forming bacterium of the group Methylomonas in a broth comprising an aqueous nutrient medium and a utilizable nitrogen source in the presence of a gas containing methane as a carbon source and a gas containing free oxygen and recovering biomass and heteropolysaccharide biopolymer from the cultivated broth.
    公开号:SU923374A3
    申请号:SU772510601
    申请日:1977-07-29
    公开日:1982-04-23
    发明作者:Альберт Майерс Филип；Джек Вестл Дэвид
    申请人:Дзе Бритиш Петролеум Компани Лимитед (Инофирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    (54) METHOD FOR OBTAINING BIOMASS OF MICROORGANISMS
    one
    The invention relates to the microbiological industry and relates to the production of microbial biomass and heterosulfide biopo-meter. The resulting biomass can be is-. it is used as a feed product, and biopolymer as a thickener in food products or in the petroleum industry for use in drilling fluids, or in the development of underground peat | Q deposits.
    The closest in terms of technical dryness and achieved results to imaging is the method of obtaining MHKpoopraimaMOB biomass, which provides for the cultivation under aerobic conditions in the presence of gaseous methane on a liquid nutrient medium containing nitrogen sources and mineral salts, a methanol microorganism
    , MettTS OTnoncjs in the presence of the methane-dispersed microorganism Pseudomonas R H cobactfriDm with the subsequent isolation of microbial biomass from a cudural fluid, with the atom temperature jj
    the cultivation of the culture is maintained in the range of 38-45 ° C and the pH is adjusted in the range of 6.4-7.4. The method can be carried out batchwise and continuously, the bissmass is 2.5-6 g / l. Biomass is freeze dried or spray dried. The resulting biomass can be used as a source of protein added to animal feed or when preparing food for feed 11.
    However, the yield obtained by implementing a known method is not high enough.
    The purpose of the invention is to obtain, along with biomass and heteropisaccharide biopolymer, and to increase the yield of the target product.
    This is achieved by the fact that according to the method of obtaining biomass of microorganisms, which involves cultivation under aerobic conditions in the presence of gaseous methane on a liquid nutrient medium containing nitrogen sources and mineral com.
    in the presence of microorganisms No. 11230 and / or PseoSomonas flialtopltiU q NKPB No. 11255, and / ish PseO (3ionK) wa5 roqEtDphitAO NKPB 11257, and / ifi Feavotactepiom Strain NKPB-No. 11254 and / or kfc kraf kraf Stomin № 11258, .and / or fEavobactepium straVn nkPB hfe 11229, the isolation geteropopisaharidnogo bystopimera days from last kupturapnoy liquid was heated to 50-9O C ..
    For the implementation of the method, a specially selected methane strain Mei Sotnottos matl artAca NKPB M 11221 is used, which produces a pink (red) pigment and imparts to the resulting biomass of meat. This strain can use elemental nitrogen as a source of nitrogen.
    As methanol-disruptive microorganisms, iartfMMt of bacteria from the Rzeiotpchvi FeavobacterAum genera are used, which are mobile or stationary Grammora gene sticks, which can grow on a nutrient medium such as agar. These strains were transferred to the National Collection of Industrial Bacteria (G. Aberdeen,
    Scotland), where they are assigned corresponding numbers
    The method can be carried out either continuously, or it can include both continuous and periodic stages. It is preferable to carry out the method continuously under conditions of a steady state, with or without the subsequent periodic cultivation stage.
    The broth pH during the culture is usually maintained in the range of 5, O-8.0, preferably in the range of 6, ... O. To maintain the desired pH, broths such as cap metal hydroxides or ammonium hydroxide or ammonia can be added to the broth. When used to maintain pH
    ammonia or ammonium hydroxide, ammonium ions can also serve as a source of nitrogen; When ammonium compounds are present in concentrations that exceed a certain threshold level, they are defined threshold level, they can inhibit the growth or reduce the growth rate of bacteria that digest meta and form a biopolymer. The concentration of ammonium ions in the broth should not exceed 100 mg / l and preferably should be in the range of 2-50 mg / p.
    The temperature may be in the range of 25-55 ° C. Typically, the process is carried out at a temperature in the range of 28-35 ° C.
    The gas containing free oxygen is normal air. With the continuous method and industrial output, the ratio in methane / air mixture is used so that the ratio of gas containing methane to air supplied to bupon is in the range that corresponds to the ratio from 1 volume of methane to 2 volumes of oxygen to 2 volumes of methane to 1 volume oxygen. The preferred ratio is the ratio of 1 volume of methane to 1 volume of oxygen.
    It was established that the two-stage process leads to a higher biopolymer yield. In the first stage, couplation is continuous. The cultured broth obtained in the first stage is subjected to periodic cultivation in the second stage in the presence of a gas containing methane and a gas containing oxygen, in such conditions that the growth of methane-digesting and production of bacteria biopolymer of Meth Comonde strain is limited by the reduction or absence of others food sources other than methane or oxygen. Such a power source may be a nitrogen source, such as nitrate.
    When one enzyme is used, and when the method is carried out in two stages, the fermenter or the fermenters can usually contain one or more impellers and a purge pipe system to achieve good mixing and a high gas transmission rate.
    Biomass can be isolated from the cultured broth by using a centrifuging aid or filtration. The biomass can be precipitated or flocculated prior to centrifugation or filtration to facilitate excretion. Neutral compounds such as alcohols, ketones, ethers and ionic compounds such as quaternary ammonium salts are suitable precipitating agents with flocculating agents. Thus, the isolated biomass can be mixed or it is free of biopolymer. The release method is determined by the requirements for the product to be recovered. For example, a centrifuging method can be used to obtain biomass free biomass. It is possible to use a well-known method of isolating from polystyrene aqueous solutions of polymers for the separation of a hetero-polysaccharide biopolymer from a liquid (broth) by precipitation, filtration or centrifugation. Before the release of the biopolymer, the courageous broth is heated to 5O-EO C and the bulk of the microbial cells (biomass) is removed from it. As a result of the analysis of biopolymer samples, data were obtained on the content of residues based on the total weight of the saccharide,%: Glucose 38-48 11-2O Fuccosis 7-21 Mannose 11-18 Galactose Uronovoy acid 1O-2O or more precisely, 38-48 glucose 16 -2O Fuccosis Mannose 6.5-12 Galactose 12-18 1O-19 Uronic acid Saccharide residues are mainly related to the Gb configuration. The moped weight of heteropolysaccharides may be in the range of b. 2.5 X Yu, preferably in the range of 1, O) 10 -200X1O according to hepatitis C chromatography. Typically, the polymer's rotational rotation is (dL) i} o less than 1O. Example 1. 2O l of water-nutrient medium of the following composition: 100.0 MG HzR04 4.0 MG 388, O MG 28, O MG 53, O.mg Mq S04-7H (jp Ca (N07) i4Hi O 20.0 MG CuSO4 -5HiiO 1.6 MG 2.4 MG FeS04.7H, lp 2j S04-7H (jp О, 9 MG 0.16 MG MnSO4-HlO Co (NOj)., 14 MG NariMoO4-2H (iO0.44 mg eyoo. oi mg H-jBOj-GHoG0.20 mb Distilled water Up to 1 liter is added to the fermenter, the total capacity of which is 30 L L. The fermenter is equipped with an impeller for mixing the broth and the aeration and supplying equipment for methane to the broth. 500 rpm. The pH value is set to 6.6 and maintained with the aid of an automatic pr titration, adding 2.0N aqueous sodium hydroxide. Maintain 30 ° C, and air and methane are fed at a speed of 3 rev / rev / h and 150 rev / rev / h, respectively. The dilution rate of O, O5 h reaches, retraction medium with a flow rate of 1, O l / h and maintaining a constant working volume in the fermenter by adding fresh aqueous nutrient medium. Air and methane supplied to the fermenter are not sterilized, so that the process is carried out under non-sterile conditions. The fermenter inoculum every day for 7 days. in portions of 1OO ml of separately prepared samples that contain methane-utilizing microorganisms. Ofaztsy prepared as follows. 5 ml samples of soil, silt and water from the pond, taken from a place where one can expect nagshchie using methane microorganisms added to 1OO ml medium NM5.Sredu NtAS prepared according to a known recipe. Each flask is then capped with Sabasil. 5O ml of air in the cobbe is replaced with a 5O ml needle of methane. Then, they are incubated on a rotating vibrating table of an ave. of 30 ° C for one week. The gas phase in flasks is updated every 2 di. After a week in the fermenter in a nutrient medium, microbial growth is observed. After 5 days. the feed rate of methane is reduced, and the feed rate of air, the speed of displacement, the speed of dilution, the pressure in the fermenter, and the concentration of salts in the supplied mineral fermentation medium are gradually increased until the feed rate of air is 12 O / v / h, the feed rate of methane O, O 75 h, pressure in the fermenter 0.7 bar on the manometer and the concentration of nutrient salts in the medium, 18 times higher than the original. During this period of time, until these changes take place, the concentration of oxygen dissolved in the broth is maintained at not exceeding the value corresponding to 10% saturation with air. Under these conditions, an established regime was achieved. The broth is pink-red and viscous. The concentration of microbial cells of 12.0 g dry weight per 1 p. The sample taken from the broth was centrifuged at ZOOOO for 3 hours, as a result, on the one hand, a solid fraction, colored from pink to red, was obtained. mainly from microbial cells with a certain amount of heteropolysaccharide biopolymer, and on the other hand, an aqueous supernatant, viscous and almost colorless. The supernatant contains soluble heteropolysaccharide biopolymer, which is precipitated by adding a polar solvent such as isopropanol, ethanol, or acetone. After 5OO hours of operation in a steady state, a broth sample taken directly from the fermentor is inoculated into NMS, the sloped agar and incubated in a sealed plastic container containing an atmosphere of 1: 4 methane / air at 30 ° C for 7 days. On agar, a mixture of cultures was developed, containing at least one microorganism that absorbs methane and produces a biopolymer. The culture was pink-red and resembled mucus in appearance. The analysis of the culture showed that it consists of 8O% of the strains of the bacteria lAett: iSomonas digestible dichloromethane and elemental nitrogen and forming heteroprotein saccharide biopolymer, which was recognized as a strain Melh-siEomonots mfttlnaniCQ NKBP No. 11221, and 2O% of a mixture of heterotrophic and hydrotherotoctricopropyoterotophrothropyrophiropyrothyrotoprotomalptophiropyrocytes of the heteropotropic virus and heteroproteins of the heteropotrophicoscopic group of the heterotrophicoscopic bacteria, and 2O% of the mixture of heterotrophic and hydrotherothropic bacteria and heteropotrophic bacteria that form the heteropotrophic bacteria. at least one strain. the Pseodorrroncis maKtoptiitia strain and several unidentified strains resembling the species Reeobotpopaz and ABcaCicjenes. From this mixture, F qvobauier om Strain NKPB No. 11229 strains and Pseodomonas NKBM M 1123O strain were identified. Each of the bacterial strains was wahydepe in pure culture. The methaniscopic tL and the biopolymer-forming strain of the bacterium UAElHyg reprotop “rneihanica NKPB M 11221 was cultivated, characterized and identified in accordance with the known method. Heterotropic bacteria were identified according to a known technique. In tab. Fig. 1 shows the characteristics of Methyleomonas te of the NKBP No. 11221, separated from the fermenter at a dilution rate of 0.03 and O, O75 h. Table KokkobaMicroscopic cylinders 1.5 DsMx study X2.5 cM Mobility Gram-reaction Rosette Growth on agar NMS with weight. (vol.) 0.1% methanol Growth on agar NMs with weight. (v) 0.5% glucic Pink / Colony color red -S Type membrane and Type 1 installations (discs) Growth at 37 s Growth with Absorption of elemental nitrogen. Film formation in the static culture of NWS + 5512 Q and C ratio,% According to a known technique. Given in Table. 1, the data convincingly indicate that the strain Ni 11221 can be classified as a strain of bacteria Met tomonas rt eitiaT ca. However, strain No. 11221 differs from (shisai of all known M. tnCitionACa strains in their ability to assimilate elemental nitrogen as a source of nitrogen. Table 2 presents the characteristics of heterotropic bacteria, F2qVObc3Ct .rium strains of NKBP No. 1122, and PseodOTTtotias maetoprii ia NKQI APT No. from a fermenter at a rate of dilution O, O75 h
    Microscopic isspe-Daddy O, 7
    DoD X X 3-5 M
    Colony morphologists and zhepto-orazh
    size after h is incubated opaque on NA ni dnamagro
    3 mm
    Gram strain Motility and flagella formation
    Anaerobic growth on NA
    Growth on agar containing 0% w / v)
    Methanol Test for Oxidase,
    Catalase + test
    Test ureaa (on
    Christensen)
    Growth in KCN
    (Muller) .-.
    Loosening gelatin +
    Nitrate reduction. Pitrate Mastery (Coers) - MapponathT Mastery Test MR Test Test VP
    Indole test (reagent
    Kovaka) Hrj S from Vept water Growth in pvoto1P N1 water-sugar medium
    Glucose
    SucroseLactosePapochki O, 5;, MX X 5JU.W
    Whitish colorless colony diameters of 1 mm
    Individual flagella
    Note: All test trials were performed by incubating with, + -. wait for a reaction; - - Negative reaction; V is variable; NT - not determined; NA - nutrient agar; environment of nitrate mineral salts Example 2. 4.5 liters of an aqueous nutrient medium of the composition specified in measure 1, will be placed in a ferry tank with a capacious tyo 7. The fermenter is equipped with an impeller for mixing the broth and devices for aerating and supplying methane to the broth. The medium is straightened with a pellet of 1OOO rpm, heated to 30 ° C, and then maintained at this temperature, the pH is adjusted to 6.7 and then kept at this level by adding 2N. Kaon using automatic titration devices. Then, 500 ml of inotststa, prepared in accordance with the following procedure, are inoculated into the fermenter. In 5 flasks, each of which contained 1OO ml of sterile liquid MM each, nnoculled one complete loop over the culture mixture. tour, as n in example 1, on the grown surface of the MS oblique agar. Each of the flasks is closed with a Sabasv stopper, a gas mixture consisting of 2O% methane by volume in air is introduced, and incubated on a rotary vibrheutende at 30 ° C for 4 days. Immediately after the inoculation, the medium became slightly cloudy. Methane is fed to the fermenter at a speed of 75 l, h / 15 r / v / h, and the spirit, at a speed less than 1 l / h, so that the concentration of oxygen dissolved in the medium according to sample data for dissolved oxygen , did not exceed 2% of saturation air. The cultivation is carried out non-sterile, using; condition of a periodic process. After 24 hours, the microbial cell density began to increase slightly, and the concentration of dissolved oxygen began to fall. At this stage, the air flow rate is increased to 30 l / h / / 6 r / v / h. After 8 hours, the impeller speed is increased to 150 O rpm and a continuous process is started, the mineral water medium, the composition of which is given below, is introduced into the fermenter at a rate of 150 ml / h and the output of the ulion from the fermenter is the same. working volume 5 (the speed reached is sootavavpa OOZ): NzR04 1600 mg N «1 $ 04 64 mg HHOj 6208 mg K (jS04 448 mg 848 mg Ca (NO :,)" 4HnO 32O mg Cu504. 25 mg FeSO47H (ip 38 mg Z.nSO47H, 0 14.5 mg MnS04Hrjp 2.5 mg Co (KOZK-6H (O 2.3 mg NafiMo042HiiO 7.0 mg Nceii-6HQp 0.2 mg 3.0 mg Distipirovanna Up to 1 After a short 60 h of continuous process The speed of the booster ear is gradually increased to 22O p / h / 44 r / / r / h, and the flow rate of methane is gradually reduced to 4O11 / H / 8 / r / h /, and the speed of the impeller is increased to 2OOO rpm. They establish and maintain at the level of 6.7 aa a score of 2N sodium hydroxide, and maintain the TeMiieure. Under "quiet conditions, the cultivation took place in the prescribed mode. A broth in the south and its color to {asna '. The resin is molded with an OD g / a / h and microbial biomass at a rate of 0.27 g / l h & the result of which is full prsyuvvtepnosp. biopolymer in biomass O, 37 g / l h. The broth from the fermenter is collected and supplied to a centrifuge, which is running at high speed up to 250OOЯ5.The broth with scoop 2500O j is obtained for 3 hours. A clear liquid containing heteroproteins 74 is obtained charide bioprotein {mer and pink-red sediment of microbial biomass containing some amount of biopolymer. The analysis of the microbial population present in the broth at the established culture mode shows that it consists of about 80% of the number of microorganism cells digesting methane into the Welt ieotnona8 mrttiqniM biopolymer forming NKPB No. 11221 and 20% of the mixture of heteroporcid bacteria. About 50% of the number of heterotrophic bacteria, as defined, were composed of slow-moving aerobic Gram-negative peavobactftPAuw stFqvn NPKB No. 11256 sticks. About 30% of the bacteria of these bacteria constituted PEa Yyu | cterium strain NKPBnbecky; about 5% of the number would be mobile aerobic letters FJavotoacter om StroVn NKPB No. 11258, the rest, about 15% of the number of bacteria constituting the mixture, namely, strain of ffavobatt rtw, Р5еяошъх5 mQгiopvtia and Pstudomonas, in the same form; and 11257 respectively. A very small number of other heterotropic bacteria are also present in vapo, but they have not yet been identified as identification targets. Dan1a 1e, obtained on the basis of various diagnostic tests for bacterial strains isolated from broth, are listed in Table. 1-3. In tab. Figure 3 shows the characteristics of the heterotropic bacteria TltsvobdcterVum and Psev "3emonas tnaetofthftiq of the KPB strains N. 11255, 11256, 11257 and 11258, isolated from the fermenter during the steady-state process, as described in paragraph 2. Tbl c a c a
    KtHKpocKon View
    Colony morphology and its size after 48 h
    on NA
    Curved Patches
    Daddies
    Gram strain
    Mobility and flagella formation
    Anaerobic Growth on MS Oxidase Test (Pastes Method)
    Catapasis test
    Gelatin dilution
    Recovery of nitrate
    Nitrate uptake (Cozers)
    Mastering maponata
    MRTest VP test
    Indole test (Kovak's reagent) HqS from T53
    1 spot magenta
    of milk
    Growth in peptone-water and sugar medium: (glucose, sucrose, lactose, mannitol, dupiitol) as a rule. Incubation carries out a positive response;
     negative reaction;
    NT - not tested;
    O - no growth;
    TE1 - triple, sugar ionic agar nutrient agar.
    By comparing the results of examples 1 and 2, it can be seen that with continuous cultivation at a dilution rate of both 0.03 and 0.075, the dominant microorganism is the methane utilization and forming a heteropoly polar flagella.
    + + About About
    + + c + +
    NT Oh.
    NT Oh
    ABOUT
    NT
    NT
    ABOUT
    Ltd
    Methcteomonas n iMn tq lysaccharide polymer strain NKPB No. 11221 and one of the auspices of the heterotropic bacteria F2aNotacierioro strqin strain nkpB No. 11229. In general, the heterotropic bacteria in the culture may vary depending on the specific achievements of the enzyme, the patterns, and the level of the patterns, depending on the specific achievements of the enzyme, the patterns, and the level of the patterns, depending on the specific achievements of the enzyme, may vary, depending on the specific achievements of the enzyme, the level of the patterns, the rate of the patterns, and the level of the growth rate of the heterotropic bacteria may vary depending on the specific achievements of the group, the level of the patterns, and the level of the patterns, depending on the specific achievements of the culture, can vary depending on the particular achievements of the culture, the level of the patterns, the rate, the level of the pattern, the rate, the level of the pattern, the level of the pattern, the rate level, and the rate of the growth rate of the heterotrophic bacteria in the culture vary depending on the specific results. fermentation successes. The similarity of microbial biomass to meat products was evaluated in accordance with the following procedure. 2 liters of the broth described above was centrifuged at 33OOO J for 3 hours in a high-speed cooled MSE-25 centrifuge to obtain a solid fraction consisting mainly of microbial cells with a small amount of hetero-writing biopolymer. The solid product was dried cy6 using a serial C5 12 sublimator. It was found that the freeze-dried solid product contains about 95 wt.% Biomass and about 5% biopolymer. 5 kg of solid product was pressed as a dark red texel mass. The mass was cut into 3 mm cubes, suspended in disintegrated water and heat treated under pressure for 15 minutes. After cooling to room temperature {And it turned out that the cubes retained their structure, increasing by 2-3 times in size. Structured chunks had the appearance of pieces of lean meat. The cooled cubes remained stable with vigorous stirring. The heteropolysaccharide biopolymer obtained by fermentation was isolated and characterized in accordance with this procedure. 12l of broth containing biomass and biopolymer, obtained under conditions of steady-state cultivation of the culture, as described in the example, was diluted with 12 p. Of water and passed at a speed of 75 through a StiarpEes T centrifuge: i re 16, working at 17OOO qf, for a better parts of biomass (bacterial cells). 11l of supernatant was isolated after removing the biomass and subispole sublimator Seriot limirovapi C 12.
    Received 25 g of solid heteroasho isaccharide biopolymer color buff. This sample is both "n and number 1.
    The sublimated biopolymer was placed in seawater; as a result, a solution of 0.24% w / v was obtained. The viscosity of the solution was measured with a Brookfield viscometer {UL device)
    Composition 2.
    A second composition for drilling mud was obtained with the biopolymer of sample 1 in conjunction with the composition according to npiMera 1, only sodium hydroxide (0.5 g) was added to raise the pH to 9.9.
    The viscosity of the solution was measured on a FcmnV-S viscometer. The data obtained are given in table. 6. and. The characteristics obtained at the same time are given in tab. 4, Table 4 The viscosity properties of biopolymer 1 were then tested in accordance with the following procedure in a typical composition for drilling an oil well. Sample of biopolymer 1 was introduced into the composition of a typical (solution). Composition 1 Seawater 35 OO cm Sodium carbonate 2.5 g Bentonite 5.0 g Potassium chloride 35 g Dextrid 3 g Low viscosity carboxymetylcellulose (HB-CMC) 2 g Biopimer, sample 12.5 g N Solution 9.3, Viscosity was measured on a FannV-CS isosimeter. The data obtained here are given in Table 5. Table 5 Composition of the viscosity, cp 23 elastic viscosity, cp 16 yield strength, CNT / 1OO sq. 19 Table Composition Apparent viscosity, cp 23 21.5 Pass-on viscosity, cp 16 15 Yield strength, 4oz / sq. Ft. Received d These data indicate that this biopolymer is a suitable material for incorporating it into oil well drilling mud compositions. The second sample of biopolymer was isolated from the broth and its viscosity characteristics were evaluated as follows: 6 liters of broth were centrifuged at 33,000 5 V for 3 h in a high-speed cooled centrifuge ME-25, 4 l of supernatant was isolated after biomass removal and concentrated to 1 l under reduced pressure in a rotary evaporator. With vigorous stirring, 2 l of isopropanol was added to the concentrate to precipitate a polymer. The precipitated material was isolated from the supernatant by centrifugation, washed with aqueous isopropanol 4 (90% v / v), and dried in vacuo, resulting in 7.5 g of a white-brown polymer powder, which was designated as obryuzets 2. The powder was placed into seawater, to obtain a 0.54% polymer solution. PacTBojML-OnP fl® ™ viscosity Brookfield viscometer (UU fixture) at. Viscosity characteristics are given in Table. 7
    T a b l and c a
    7,6
    26.5 23.6 6.6 5.6 19.4 4.0 Scale 92
    These data demonstrate the reversibility of the viscosity characteristics of the shear of an aqueous solution of a polymer.
    With the help of Hilger’s polarimeter, the optical rotation of a certain amount of sample 5 was measured. The specific rotation value was –26
    The molecular weights were determined for sample 6 using the well-known gel permeation chromatographic technique (and xp {Usters QPC / AL C-244), equipped with five columns (2 ft x 3/4 inches; 60.96 cm x 19, O5mm), connected in series and filled with porous glass with pore diameters 4 The following sample (sample P) of the polymer was separated from the broth and its shear characteristics were determined in an aqueous solution as follows: 1.2 l of centrifugal broth at 2.5 km in a high-speed cooled centrifuge ME to 1300 cm 3 of supernatant the bones were concentrated 10 times and sublimated in a Seria ".C51l sublimator. A part of the sub-primed biopomer was dissolved in seawater (0.4 wt.% / vol,) and the viscosity was measured with a Weißenberg rheogonimeter. Example 3. The following biopolymer samples were isolated from the broth, obtained in accordance with the procedure described in Example 2. These samples were labeled 4-6.HeitOTOpoe sample number 4 was placed in seawater to obtain a 0.75% w / v solution. Then, the viscosity of the solution was measured for a series of increasing and decreasing shear rates on a Naache RotoS / isco viscometer using standard Lotier Cyr systems. The data obtained are given in the tabtive. Table 8
    20OO, 1250, 7OO, 24O and 75 A, respectively. The setup was calibrated using standard dextren fractions. It was found that the polymer consists of two axial fractions of the g-heteropolysaccharide with an average molecular weight of about 110) 10 and 2-U, respectively.
    Example 4. 6 samples of heteropolysaccharide popimer were isolated from fermentation bupion and prepared in accordance with the procedure of example 2. The content of saccharide would be analyzed as follows.
    Samples were hydrolyzed at 100 ° C for 20 hours at 1 and. sulfuric acid. Hydropizate neutralized gidiz table. 9 that one of the samples is significantly different in composition relative to the content of fuccoea and mannose compared to the other 5 samples. There are no reliable limits for the quality of saccharides. Example 6. This example illustrates a 2-stage fermentation system that causes the release of a heteropolysaccharide biopolymer. In the first stage, 6.0 l of fermentation broth, prepared in accordance with the procedure described in example 2, was placed in a fermenter, the total capacity of which was 7 l. The broth contained approximately 8O% of the number of Mettiijeonioncis mei1: ianicci NKBP No. 11221 cells and approximately 2O% of the number of cells of a mixture of heterotropic bacteria. The total concentration of cells in the broth was about 9 g per liter (calculated on dry weight). The fermenter was equipped with an impeller and devices for supplying air and methane to the broth. The broth was stirred at an impeller speed of 1000 rpm, heated, and maintained at a temperature of about. The pH was adjusted to 6.4 and maintained, using 2.0 n. sodium hydroxide solution.
    Barium oxide, precipitated barium sulphate was removed by pentrifugation. The main saccharides present in the hydrolyzate were identified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry of their peraethyl derivatives in the form of glucose, fucose, mannose, and galactose. Using thin layer chromatography, the presence of uronic acid was shown. The configuration of the communications has not been determined, however there are grounds for npefuionai that these are, in the main forms, (b-figura
    The amount of analysis of sugars and uronic acid present in the sample is given in table. 9.
    Table 9 which was added with the automatic pH controller. Methane was fed into the broth at a rate of 4O p / h, and air — at a rate of less than 10 and 1OO l / h so that the concentration of oxygen dissolved in the broth, as determined by a sample of dissolved oxygen (UH foc ineeTinqf Cotnpan s), did not exceed 1O% of saturated air. The aqueous mineral medium was fed to the bupion at a rate of 6OO ml / h, and the broth was withdrawn from the fermenter at a similar rate to maintain a constant working volume of 6.0 l. This determined the dilution rate. About 1 hour. The composition of the aqueous nutrient medium was as follows: 8OO MG 34 MG 3OOO MG 191 MG 426 MG MQfS047Hi2.0 CaCei2 (AnYii6lroos) 75 MG 12.6 MG CuSOASHfjp 19, O MG 7H (iP 7.3 MG 1PE04 7H (2p 1.2 MG 1.0 MG Cx) C5 0.- 6HoP NatjMoO-, 4 mg Distilled waterUp to 1 p. Psüpe for the first 24 hours of continuous cultivation, the air supply is gradually increased to 22O l / h, maintaining the level of dissolved oxygen. in broth below 10% of saturation air. After 5 days, in such conditions, the Gypsum is a mode of non-sterile continuous process. Broth obtained from this ferment The broth was centrifuged for 2 hours. The analysis of the iadosadic liquid showed that it contained a complete concentration of carbohydrate (anthrone method) 4O mg / l "Then this broth was fed to a water fermentor at which it was subjected The following conditions for cultivation in a batch process: 15 liters of aqueous nutrient medium, the composition of which is given below, mg: HaSO4 22 HNO J20OO KI OA150 M (04- THtjpi284 CaCCiSO CuSO. SHrjp8.4 FeS04 .7HQ.O13, O InsO4-7H (lO5.0 MnS04-bHgOo, 8 Sosg 6HijO0.7 NaMoO- 2HQp2.3 was placed in a fermenter with fragility ZO O. This fermenter is equipped with an imperer and devices for supplying methane and air The medium of this composition was mixed at the speed of an impeller HOOoob / m and heated to pH of the medium maintained at 6.0 using 2.0 and sodium hydrochloride with 5 liters of culture broth from the first stage of the continuous fermentation process described above, the air was fed at a rate of 25 l / min and methane at a rate of 6 l / min. The impeller was kept at 1 ° C / min | p But the media didn’t change, but Emelche didn’t add anything to the farmer. In such a periodic cultivar, the initial cell density was 3 g / L (calculated on dry weight). The density of the cells was 11 g / L 22 h and remained so until the end of the ferncion after 46 h. The coking of the nitrate present in the broth was measured at intervals of time. After 22 h the nitrate was not detected at all. Growth was limited by limiting the nitrogen source. Fermentation was continued for 46 hours in non-sterile conditions, during which time the broth viscosity increased significantly. The viscosity was measured using a Brookfield viscometer, model LNP, fitted with Balancer No. 3, turning at a speed of 6 rpm. Immediately after inoculation, the initial viscosity was too low to be measured by the viscometer, which was set up as described above, but after 22 hours the viscosity was 4,900 cPP pauses, and after 46 hours the viscosity rose, to 107OO cp The total saccharide content in the supernatant after centrifuging the broth was 1550 mg / l after 22 hours. 22OO mg / l after 46 hours. This indicates that the increase in viscosity is due to the presence of a water-soluble extrapirellum polysaccharide. At the end of the second stage of fermentation (i.e. after 46 hours), the broth was pasteurized, stopping the supply of methane and air to the broth and quickly raising the temperature from 30 to 6 ° C. After 1O mnn, the broth was quickly cooled to ZSRF. The polymer was recovered from the cooled broth as follows. 16 liters of heat-treated and cooled broth were diluted with 4 volumes of distilled water and centrifuged in a SVarpEes continuous supercentrifuge (model 1Q). using a flow rate of VO cm / min. 6Ol of the centrifuged supernatant was transferred to a stainless steel vessel and the cell-free polysaccharides were precipitated by adding potassium chloride to obtain 2 wt.% Vol. solution and 12O liter of methanol. The precipitated material was isolated by centrifugation (LaVQl 1 O2-B-25 centrifuge) and again dissolved in 2 liters of distilled water. The product was re-precipitated by adding potassium chloride, which was required to obtain a 2% solution (wt.% Vol.) And 4 liters of methanol. The polymer was isolated by centrifugation, twice dehydrated with two liters of methanol and recovered by filtration. The polymer was dried in air and crushed in a hammer mill , resulting in a free-flowing peel of buffalo-colored powder. Popimer analysis of epimetry; 14.0 wt.%; C 45.5; H 5.4j N3.3 eoe 6.7. Dsi3KocTb od (one solvent solution in distilled water measured by vi Ferranti shirEes scoimethic It is 268 cP at an RDvig speed of 1OO c- and 58 cP at 1OOO cr 1. Thus, the truncated products can be used as a cloning modifier or hardening agent in a wide range of variates, eg, Kenn, for example , to obtain the compositions of the Spring Arrangements, the compositions for obtaining kefpgi, the stabilizers of dмуmu | O rm u l aa a b r e te n k “A method of obtaining biomass of microorganisms that are stored in a gas cell in an aerobic environment containing aerobic sources in mineral salts metenispolzuktego April 9 kshkroorganizma Mettn fornoT as in the presence metanolispolzu1oshego mikroorgani MaPseoaomoncis with pospeduk VÚK release microbial biomass from kulturapnoY fluid from chayuschiys and so that, in order to obtain together with the biomass and heteropolysaccharide C Ya1O1Shmerv and thus increasing the way ohm of the ohm of the ohm of the zyk / Idae Peufiotout QS biopolymer from the culture fluid n the latter is heated to 5О-9ОС, sources nn ormapii, the received note in the examination 1. USSR Patent № 61587O, cl. C 120 13 / O6, publ. 1979
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    Claim.
    A method for producing biomass of microorganisms, which includes buying under aerobic conditions in the presence of methane gas on a liquid nutrient medium containing nitrogen sources and mineral salts, Methyiomonas microorganism microorganism Pseudomonas metanolysis microorganism followed by isolation of microbial biomass from the culture medium that, in order to obtain along with biomass and heteropolysaccharide biopolymer and increase in this way the yield of the target product, as The strain WetWfomonas mettianica NKPB No. 11221, which forms a heteropopneaccharide biopolymer, is used as a methanodispersing microorganism, and the strains Pseudomonas maStophsEia НпПі11Р725 and 11 Pseudomonas Ponudonas Ponudomonas p. Ам AmoBasLegst strain NKPB No. 11254, and / or Fftwobacterium strain NKPB No. 11258, and / or FEavobacttrium Strain NKPB No. 11258, and / or FEcwobacterium strain NKPB No. 11229, in this case, to isolate the heteropolysaccharide biopolymer from the last 5 O-biopolymer ° C.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    NL7708270A|1978-01-31|
    NZ184774A|1980-08-26|
    GB1580439A|1980-12-03|
    IE45763L|1978-01-29|
    IE45763B1|1982-11-17|
    FR2359897A1|1978-02-24|
    US4233438A|1980-11-11|
    MX4822E|1982-10-21|
    FR2359897B1|1983-01-07|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    GB31639/76A|GB1580439A|1976-07-29|1976-07-29|Fermentation process for the production of microbial biomass and a hetero-polysaccharide biopolymer|
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