• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    1465242 Discharge lamps BBC BROWN BOVERI & CO Ltd 27 Feb 1975 [4 March 1974 20 June 1974 18 Sept 1974] 8256/75 Heading H1D [Also in Division G3] In apparatus for generating U.V. radiation of high spectral radiance, comprising a U.V. producing discharge tube 1 containing mercury and argon and having a thermoemissive cathode 9 and a discharge space, the U.V. radiation being produced by means of a wall-stabilized D.C. gas discharge at a mercury pressure of between 5 x 10<SP>-3</SP> and 5 x 10<SP>-1</SP> torr. and a current density of the discharge current of between 1 and 25 A/cm<SP>2</SP>, the discharge tube 1 incorporates a pressure-equalizing space 8 (other than the discharge space) connecting the cathode space 2 to the anode space 3, the sum of the volumes of the cathode space 2, anode space 3 and pressureequalizing space being greater than the volume of the discharge space; the pressure of the argon is between 0À01 and 10 torr.; a first control element 6 is provided whereby the current density of the discharge current can be regulated to a constant value between 1 and 25 A/cm<SP>2</SP>; and a second control element in provided whereby the pressure of the mercury can be regulated to such a value that the yield of the line of wavelength 2537Š, i.e. the ratio of the spectral radiation power for the wavelength 2537Š to the electrical power stored in the discharge is at least 80% of the maximum yield for the chosen current density. The cathode 9 (Fig. 4) is a barium-oxide coated strip of nickel mesh surrounded by a nickel cylinder 24 connected at one end to the cathode. The anode 10 is a graphite body with a first coating 19 of pyrographite and a second coating 20 of zirconium which acts as a getter. The cathode 9 and anode 10 are surrounded by nickel heat shields 11 or 12 supported on insulators so as to be at a floating potential. The pressure-equalizing space comprises a tube 4 inside a larger tube 14 having a conductive coating 15 of silver, gold or graphite which is maintained at a negative potential reactive to the cathode 9 to provide electric shielding and prevent arcing through the tube 4. This shielding is assisted by an insulating grid 13. An alternative form of anode (Fig. 4a, not shown), comprises a molybdenum plate provided with grooves or ribs to improve cooling by radiation and having a zirconium coating. The mercury may be provided by a dispenser in the form of a metal channel containing a mercury/aluminium/ zirconium compound which breaks down when heated to liberate mercury vapour which condenses in the coolest part 8 (Fig. 3) of the discharge tube to form droplets 23. The remaining zirconium/aluminium compound acts as a getter. Alternative shapes of discharge tube and forms of the pressure-equalizing space are described (Figs. 1, 2, 4b, 4c, 4d, 10 and 11, not shown).
    公开号:SU867332A3
    申请号:SU752103305
    申请日:1975-02-04
    公开日:1981-09-23
    发明作者:Бахманн Роберт；Беарда Питер；Штойдль Вальтер；Брендли Герольд；Ридер Рудольф
    申请人:Бец Аг Браун,Бовери Уис Си (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a source of ultraviolet radiation of high spectral density and can be used for various purposes in laboratory practice as well as in industry, for example, to sterilize various materials and products. There are 1 and 2 sources of ultraviolet radiation with mercury gas discharge, widely used in the technique of fluorescent tubes. Such sources do not have a sufficiently high spectral density of UV radiation. The closest in technical essence is a multi-amp low-pressure ultraviolet source containing a discharge tube with a cathode and anode chambers, a thermionic cathode and a discharge chamber with mercury-argon filling Gz However, this source does not provide a stable ultraviolet radiation of high spectral density for wavelength 2537A. The purpose of the invention is to obtain a stable ultraviolet radiation of high spectral density for wavelengths of 253 A. This is achieved in that the known ultraviolet source is equipped with a pressure compensation chamber p containing a gas pipeline connecting the cathode and anode chambers, and the sum of the volumes of the cathodic and anodic pressure compensation chambers more than the volume of the discharge chamber, the argon pressure P being from 0.01 to 0.5 mm Hg. The gas pipeline, connecting the cathode chamber with the anodic one, contains two sections in which the direction of gas movement is opposite. The pressure compensation chamber can be made in the form of a straight tube connecting the cathode chamber with the anode one, inside the straight tube there is a y-shaped tube, one knee of which is inserted by its opening into the disk covering the straight tube from the anode, and the top v -shaped tube is located on the cathode chamber side and its second knee is inserted into the hole in front of the disk. The pressure compensation chamber can be made in the form of a straight tube connecting the cathode chamber with the anode chamber, inside which the second straight tube is located coaxially, opening only from the anode side and having an edge from this side that is sealed to the inner wall of the first tube, and in the second tube, a third tube is placed coaxially, is open on both sides and having an expanded edge at the anode side, which is hermetically sealed to the inner wall of the second tube, and the second tube has the anode side has at least one hole.
    FIG. 1 shows a source of UV radiation; in fig. 2 - source variant (the bottom of the chamber is made spiral); in fig. 3 - pressure compensation chamber; in fig. 4 is another camera design.
    The proposed source contains cathode 1 and anode 2 chambers, pressure compensation chamber 3 and M-shaped discharge chamber 4, tube 5 to form a pressure compensation chamber, V-tube b, shoulders 7 and 8 of this tube and disk 9.
    In addition, the source includes a second straight tube 10 with an expanded edge 11, a third straight tube 12 with an expanded edge 13 and openings 14 in the second tube.
    The source works as follows.
     When voltage is applied to the cathode, which is in the cathode chamber, it emits electrons, and under the influence of voltage between the anode, which is in the anode chamber, in the discharge chamber 4, a surface-stabilized gas discharge occurs when the pressure of mercury from 5lCr to Torr and density current from 1 to 25 A / cm with intense radiation on the resonance line of mercury X 2537 A.
    The discharge tube shown in FIG. 1, serves for flat beaming, in FIG. 2 — for irradiating material located on the axis of the tube.
    Pressure compensation chamber 3, which connects the cathode and anode chambers, ensures uniform pressure of the discharge medium, helps to prevent plasma oscillations and, therefore, stability of the combustion process.
    The presence of argon in the tube at a pressure of 0.02 to 0.5 torr on the one hand facilitates ignition of the discharge, on the other hand, it is difficult to breakdown from the cathode to the anode through the pressure compensation chamber. The danger of breaking through the pressure compensation chamber increases with increasing argon pressure.
    To prevent breakdown, the geometry of the camera is chosen so that the voltage across the arc through it is as high as possible. A chamber should be used with a diameter as small as possible, sufficient only to provide pressure compensation.
    The gas flow through the compensation chamber is carried out in such a way that one section of the path from the cathode
    camera to anode. With this design of the pressure compensation chamber, the components of the mercury vapor flow stream (mercury atoms, mercury ions and electrons, and possibly argon) in the indicated sections of the path should meet at least once with an external electrical potential between the cathode and the anode, which prevents breakdown.
    FIG. Figure 3 shows a compensation chamber formed by a straight tube 5 with a diameter of 16 mm, inside of which a V-shaped tube b with a diameter of 2-6 mm passes. The arm 7 of the tube b its hole into the disk 8, which, in turn, is hermetically sealed into the tube 5 and locks it from the anode side. The top of the V-shaped tube b is located on the cathode side.
    A straight tube 5 (Fig. 4) with a diameter of, for example, 16 mm, connects the cathode chamber 1 with the anode 2. Inside the tube 5 passes coaxially the second straight tube 10 with a diameter, for example 10 mm, which is open on the anode side and its expanded edge 11 into the inner wall of the first tube 5. From the cathode side, the tube 10 is closed.
    Inside the tube 10 there is a coaxial third straight tube 12 with a diameter of, for example, 4 mm, which, by its expanded edge 13, is sealed to the second tube 10.
    The second tube 10 on the anode side has, for example, three holes 14, for example, 3 mm in diameter, which connect the cavity between the second 10 and first 5 tubes with the cavity between the second 10 and third 12 tubes. °
    Compensation of the injection of 4 mercury vapors injected into the discharge chamber is carried out in the structures shown in FIG. 3 and 4, along the dashed lines. At these diameters, the hydrodynamic resistance of us, it is only small, that pressure equalization occurs even at small pressure drops, and the discharge is stable
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    To prevent erroneous probing, it is crucial that a portion of the dashed line passes towards the direction of movement AB. Therefore, along this section, especially before the structure of a common spatial or surface charge, the electric field directs the electrons of the flow of mercury vapor towards and prevents erroneous breakdown. The anode and cathode in the predicted structure of the pressure compensation chamber are mounted so that the cathode should be on the left and the anode on the right. At. By reversing the anode and cathode, the reliability of preventing erroneous breakdowns significantly decreases because then the electrons coming from the cathode enter the tube so that surface charges collect on the inner side of the tube. The compensation chamber can be made of glass. The proposed UV source can be manufactured with longer discharge chambers 4, in which the voltage between the anode and cathode is respectively equal. To increase work efficiency, it is advisable to use discharge tubes having the following parameters: cathode chamber diameter 65 mm, anode chamber diameter 65 mm, cathode chamber height 100 mm, anode chamber height 100 mm, outer pressure compensator tube diameter 16 mm, pressure compensation chamber length 40 mm, the length of the discharge chamber is 360 cm; the internal diameter of the discharge chamber is 10 mm; the operating voltage is 300 V; the density of discharge current is 10 A / cm. The UV radiation source may pa-. to work also with appropriately modified electrodes: instead of a constant alternating current, when each half-period of an alternating current acts on a gas discharge as a direct current. The proposed UV source can be used for dry, short-term cold sterilization, in particular packaging material for products that cannot be sterilized by packaging in a hot way, for example for dairy products, or for liquids with sufficient UV transparency, for example, water or for surface water. sterilization of bulk material and powder. Claim 1. Multi-ampere low pressure ultraviolet source contains discharge tube with cathode and anode chambers, thermionic cathode and discharge chamber with mercury-argon filling, different heme, which is to obtain stable ultraviolet radiation in a low spectral density for wavelength 253 A, it is equipped with a pressure compensation chamber containing a gas pipeline connecting the cathode and anode chambers, and the sum of the volumes of the cathode and anodic pressure compensation chambers is larger than the discharge volume. hydrochloric kgmery and argon pressure. is between 0.01 and 0.5 mm Hg. 2. The source according to claim 1, wherein the gas pipeline connecting the cathode chamber with the anodic one contains two sections in which the direction of gas movement is opposite. 3. Source: Claim 2, which is based on the fact that the pressure compensation chamber is made in a straight tube connecting the cathode chamber from the anode tube; inside the straight tube is a V-shaped tube, one knee of which is inserted with its opening into the disk covering the straight tube from the anode side, and the top of the V-shaped tube is located at the cathode chamber side and its second knee is inserted into the hole of the straight tube in front of the disk. 4. The source of claim 2, differing in the fact that the pressure compensation chamber is made in the form of a straight tube connecting the cathode chamber with the anode tube, inside which the second straight tube is located coaxially, is open only from the anode side and has the sides have a widened edge, which is hermetically sealed to the inner wall of the first tube, and a third tube is placed in the second coaxial tube, is open on both sides and has a widened edge on the anode side, which is sealed to the inner wall of the second tube The oracle tube has at least one hole in the side wall on the side of the anode; Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. V. Skobelev. et al. Light sources and control gear. M., Energie, 1973, p. 169.
    [2]
    2. The patent of the USA 3617792, kl.313109, 1971. 3 ,. Brandtmüller-Moser. Introduction to Raman spectroscopy. Publishing house Steinkonf, 1962, p. 298-303.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR2263601A1|1975-10-03|
    IN142576B|1977-07-30|
    SE7502120L|1975-09-05|
    JPS5754908B2|1982-11-20|
    US3971968A|1976-07-27|
    AU7793775A|1976-08-05|
    DK147650B|1984-10-29|
    JPS50122086A|1975-09-25|
    SU628835A3|1978-10-15|
    NL176987C|1985-07-01|
    DK147650C|1985-07-15|
    BR7501106A|1975-12-02|
    AT345385B|1978-09-11|
    ATA99475A|1978-01-15|
    CA1064569A|1979-10-16|
    ES435152A1|1977-03-16|
    SE403676B|1978-08-28|
    GB1465242A|1977-02-23|
    NL176987B|1985-02-01|
    DK78275A|1975-11-03|
    FR2263601B1|1978-10-06|
    NL7502199A|1975-09-08|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB481918A|1935-10-25|1938-03-21|Barkon Tube Lighting Corp|Apparatus for controlling gas pressures|
    US3639804A|1969-04-04|1972-02-01|Rca Corp|Ion discharge tube employing cataphoretic techniques|IN149856B|1977-10-31|1982-05-15|Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie|
    DE2814683C2|1978-04-05|1987-05-21|Bbc Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie., Baden, Aargau, Ch|
    JPS6242997B2|1983-02-01|1987-09-10|Ushio Electric Inc|
    CH672380A5|1987-01-27|1989-11-15|Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie|Reduce darkening of mercury vapour UV tube - using hafnium, lanthanum, thorium or aluminium oxide coating|
    FI85426C|1990-08-03|1992-04-10|Vaisala Oy|PROCEDURE FOR FARING MAINTENANCE AV HALTEN AV EN GAS.|
    US5742063A|1995-08-28|1998-04-21|Scroggins; William Henry|Air sanitizer attachment for air ducts|
    IL137200A|1998-02-19|2003-09-17|L 3 Comm Corp|Method for cooling a lamp backlighting module of a liquid crystal display|
    US6614181B1|2000-08-23|2003-09-02|Applied Materials, Inc.|UV radiation source for densification of CVD carbon-doped silicon oxide films|
    US6566278B1|2000-08-24|2003-05-20|Applied Materials Inc.|Method for densification of CVD carbon-doped silicon oxide films through UV irradiation|
    GB0906091D0|2009-04-07|2009-05-20|Snowball Malcolm R|None invasive disinfector|
    GB201107692D0|2011-05-09|2011-06-22|Snowball Malcolm R|Sterilisation of packed articles|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH299474A|CH570040A5|1974-03-04|1974-03-04|
    CH845674A|CH578250A5|1974-03-04|1974-06-20|
    CH1267274A|CH577235A5|1974-03-04|1974-09-18|
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