• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    1453113 Railway track levelling and tamping machine FRANZ PLASSER BAHNBAUMASCHINEN-INDUSTRIE GmbH 8 May 1974 [25 May 1973] 20327/74 Heading E1G A track levelling and tamping machine comprises a reference system 10, 11 to determine the track height; track lifting gear 12; vibratory ballast tamping tools 5, 8; a stop device to prevent lifting of the track above the desired height, as defined by the reference system; and control means 16, responsive to the reference system, to control the squeeze pressure of the tamping tools so that the local degree of compaction of the ballast is substantially proportional to the track height error. The degree of compaction applied comprises a constant component as well as a variable component substantially proportional to the track height error. The reference system is electrical and a memory stores the measured track height error while the track is lifted and this measurement controls the setting of a pressure regulating valve in the hydraulic supply line of the tamping tools. The lifting gear 12 is locked at the required height when it acts as a stop. Reference has been directed by the comptroller to Specification. 1394249.
    公开号:SU865137A3
    申请号:SU742030049
    申请日:1974-05-24
    公开日:1981-09-15
    发明作者:Тойрер Иозеф
    申请人:Франц Плассер Банбаумашинен-Индустригезельшафт Мбх (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to the construction and repair of a railway track and, in particular, relates to its alignment. A known method of straightening a railway track, concludes with raising the path by the required amount, holding it in this position by means of a fixing device, and sealing the ball in the intersection area of the rails and shps through vibration and pressure transmitted by the working body to the stop of each track segment in fixation device Cl The pressure transmitted by the working body to the path is constant throughout the straightened section of the path, regardless of the magnitude of its rise, which leads to uneven Threaded ballast compaction and, as a result, poor track alignment. The known railway track alignment machine, containing the undercarriage itself, tamping tools with vibration drives and ballast retraction drives mounted on the chassis frame with the possibility of movement in the vertical plane. and located perpendicularly and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the machine, and on both sides of it, mounted on a chassis frame near a tamping tool, a track-picker with a height adjustment drive, as well as a track-lift drive interlock device mounted on the chassis frame, a hydraulic system, a control unit and a reference system including measuring trolleys and troes: -Chords connecting the said heat sinks, track position sensors in the longitudinal profile, associated with the corresponding cable lines and. the trackplate drive through the device for its blocking, the control unit being electrically connected with the reference system, the trackplate resetting drive and the ballast 2 pressing drives. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of track alignment. To achieve this goal, the pressure of the working body on the ballast is set proportional to the amount of lifting of the track at each site. KpOMQ, the machine for regisation of the proposed method is equipped with a storage unit, a pressure control valve, an electro-hydraulic valve and a limit switch, each sensor for positioning the path in the longitudinal profile through the storage unit and the pressure control valve NIN connected to the hydraulic outlet line of the hydraulic system. the switch and the electro-hydraulic valve are equipped with appropriate ballast crimp drives.
    In the case of the ETEC, the device for blocking the drive of the rear track lifter's permutation contains a threshold switch electrically connected to the track position sensor in the longitudinal profile, and a shut-off valve connected with. the specified track elevator drive.
    In addition, the memory unit is connected to the pressure control valve and contains a comparison element, a displacement sensor and a motor connected between the comparison element and the indicated displacement sensor. .
    FIG. 1 shows a machine for straightening a railway track, side view; in fig. 2-device alignment of the machine, top view; in fig.
    3 is a diagram of the distribution of deviations, the final pressure of the tamping and the achieved compaction factors of the treated section of the track; in fig.
    4. The diagram of errors in height and final pressures corresponding to single values of errors; in fig. 5 is a simplified diagram of the control device of the machine; in fig. 6 is a diagram of a control device with a tracking motor.
    The railway carriage is a self-propelled chassis 1, which is moved along path 2, consisting of railways and. The machine for compacting bgflasts under the sleepers 3 paths has tamping tools 5 installed on the height-adjustable carrier 4, which can be driven in oscillatory motion by the vibration actuator 6 and by means of the compressing actuators 7 can bind to each other in the direction of the sleeper to be driven from both long PARTIES the sleepers are installed tamping tools 5,. and additional tamping tools 8 are also provided for each of the trades of the sleepers being lined. And all the tools are mounted on the carrier 4 tamping tools. The tamping tools 8 serve in this case in order to asynchronously tamper the sleepers (compaction of the ballast under it) to prevent the ballast from leaving along the sleepers to the outside, and they can be rearranged in the direction perpendicular to the path by means of their own drives 9 of the ballast reduction. However, it is possible to equip the car for straightening the way with one carrier of a tamping tool that carries tamping tools for simultaneously tamping two adjacent sleepers, as shown in FIG. 2 thin lines.
    The track leveling machine is equipped with a reference system 10, which has two, one for each rail yarn of the base straight, made, for example, in the form of a wire rope. To determine the deviation of the track 2 from the reference system 10, the chassis 1, which are independently displaced in height from the frame and along the track, have position sensors 11 in the longitudinal profile, for example, adjustable capacitances or resistances. The sensors 11 determine the position of the reference system 10 by spanning the base straight forked arms. The end points of these direct, as well as the measuring sensors 11, move along the rails using their own trolleys, which can be lifted above the rails during transport movements
    To raise the track 2 in the direction of travel, tamping tools 12 are installed in front of the tamping tools 5 and 8, which can be moved in height by means of a drive 13, for example a hydraulic cylinder. The elevator 12 is designed as a fixing device. In order to avoid a possible rise of the path above the desired level in the area of the tamping tool, the track raiser should open as close as possible to the tamping position. The machine can also be equipped with a device fixing the path directly in the area of the sleeper or sleepers being piled. To straighten the path in the transverse direction, the machine is additionally equipped with a base straight 14 and straightening tools, which in the shown example of execution can be combined with a track raiser.
    Drives 6,7 and 9 of tamping tools and drive 13 of track-lifter 12, measuring sensor 11, as well as working out when lowering the carrier 4 of the tamping tool, limit switch 15 is connected to control unit 16 for proportional compaction of ballast with high pressure. To control the operation and to install or correct the control unit. 16 service personnel installed on the chassis frame manual remote control 17 and control devices 18.
    The track alignment method is explained using the diagram in FIG. 3, the horizontal axis of the distance is shown with a strong distortion (on a larger scale), the average diagram shows a profile of a long length of the path, with deviations (errors) along the height q of the vertical axis of the diagram defining the actual and positivistic paths profile. So that under loads, when working after tamping of the sleepers of this area, to obtain an equal dimensional draft, the pressure in the drives 7 and 9 of the tamping tool 5 and 8, at which their movement ends, is selected taking into account the height error Af, the lower diagram shows the final pressures P for some places of this section of the path, which are proportional to the local values of the rise and the value of / if, (depicted as arrows). At the final pressure P, tamping of the sleepers is performed, which are at or near zero value lf. From the upper diagram (Fig. 3), it can be seen that by compressing the ballast by the proportional high pressure piping method with the final pressures shown in the diagram, a smooth distribution of the compacted area is obtained, proportional to the profile with a different compression ratio VG of beshlast. Moreover, when tamping with one, the sleepers always have a minimum compaction factor, for example, VGg.
    Caused by loads on the sediment ballast of the track is determined by the final pressures of the tamping, but also depends on the amount of ballast to be compacted, its porosity, specific gravity, and also the profile of the path after the release. Especially the first loads cause in most cases a strong residual deformation of the straightened path, whereas the subsequent deformations are mainly proportional to the logarithm of the number of subsequent loads, for example, the number of axes passing through the section. Experiments have shown that changes in the specific weight of ballast under sleepers after tamping, caused by the passage of p & rides over undefined bends, mainly occur in proportion to the logarithm of the total load. four)
    The change in specific gravity or the compaction ratio of the ballast under the shaft depends on the amount of ballast to be compacted, which is mainly proportional to the difference Af of the travel positions. Therefore, the compaction of the ballast under the sleeper is essential in proportion to the amount of lifting of the track. The ballast under the shps, which need to be raised by a large amount due to the large difference between the target and the actual positions of the track, is compacted with greater pressure than the ballast under the sleepers, which must be lifted by a small amount. Therefore, there is always a greater or a smaller coefficient of use, or a greater or smaller value per unit volume of ballast. By creating a continuous distribution of the compaction zone, proportionally to the on-line profile of its fairly long sections with different compaction coefficients due to proportional tamping with high pressure, it is possible to obtain a different draft of the track by applying the load of passing trains. For example, those parts of the path where large quantities of ballast are compacted by tamping (due to a greater compaction factor of the ballast before the first loads), have as a percentage of the initial error d f less precipitations and, in most cases, settle more slowly than areas in which due to less. The lower lift values compacted a smaller amount of Bac Iacta and deliberately created a lower compaction coefficient.
    Since changes in the compaction ratio or the specific gravity of the ballast due to loads during operation depend on the compacted amount of ballast when tamping, which is proportional to the error of high lf, then creating a compaction zone with the same compaction factor would again cause different precipitations of the path, by proportional tamping of high pressure (the upper diagram in Fig. 3) is obtained - a compaction zone with different proportional degrees of rise or amount of ballast - coefficients Neni. Due to this, it is possible to obtain with a large number of load cycles, for example, a large number of axles passing, a uniform specific gravity or a uniform draft of the ballast and, therefore, a uniform settlement of the track.
    For setting the final pressure of the tamping, pressure sensors such as mesdose and the like can be used. To determine the compaction factor, measurements can be made with the plate pressed in or shrinkage measured. In addition, the compaction coefficient can be determined by measuring the specific gravity by means of radioactive isotopes or by the method of displacing water.
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    FIG. 4 (enlarged scale) shows a section of a rather long section of the track. Moreover, along the S axis, the distances along the path are plotted, and along the vertical axis of the diagram, errors are made in the height d f or the final compaction pressure P. The magnitude of the excess by which the pressure Pd, PJ, etc. take more P in each case, marked by arrows. It can be seen from the diagram that the final pressure of the tamping is in those places where the path of the Scorpion is approximately in the zero position, in general, is the same and is equal to the Ie of P, which is chosen, for example, depending on the state of the ballast, whereas the pressure p / and P, respectively, the error in height d f (cm, the curve) increase, on by. The kaean arrows measure up to the maximum final pressure by tampering Ki P in the area of maximum error; Lo, a height that compresses 1b the swallow more strongly and / H1 increases its specific weight so that it exceeds the specific weight values of the ballast under the cross ties in the final pressure area P, Pj or Pgr, P ". In spite of the high final pressure of the tamping RD, the desired position of the track can be ensured, since the track is fixed in the nominal position, which creates an emphasis during proportional tamping with high pressure. Upon further processing of this path, the final pressures of the tamping, P and P (, are again reduced to the value of the final pressure P in the region where the path is approximately in the zero position. Figure 5 shows a simplified diagram of the control unit 16 in Fig. 1. Serving as an input link control circuit. measuring sensor ll is connected to voltage source 19, so that according to the position of the sensor relative to the reference system 10 to produce an electrical voltage proportional to the error or a signal on the wire 20. A wire 20 is connected through amplification There is also a relay 21 measuring sensor with a memory block 22, which is designed to memorize the last maximum deviation (error) along the height of the path and is connected to a pressure control valve 23, for example, an electro-hydraulic servo valve, which is an actuating element in the control circuit. in the fluid supply line under pressure between the oil tank 24 and the actuators 7 or 9. The measuring sensor 11 is connected to the porous switch 25 via a wire 20 so that when a zero signal appears and to initiate an electro-hydraulic valve 26, which operates as a shut-off valve, so that the actuator 13 of the track-lifter 12 can be fixed in the zero or nominal position of the track. The switch 25 may also have a second output, which is connected to an electro-hydraulic valve 27, operating as an executive link, which is connected to the line between the pump 28 to pressurize the hydraulic fluid under pressure to the actuator 13 of the ram 12, made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder. The operation of the device with which the proposed method can be implemented is as follows. The signal coming from the measuring sensor 11 is stored in block 22 until, when the carrier 4 of the padding tamping tool 3 is lowered, the limit switch 15 triggers, which powers the relay 21 and stops transmitting the signal from the measuring sensor 11 to block 22. Last memorized the value corresponding to the local maximum error in height, through an amplifier, is supplied to the pressure control valve 23, which sets the pressure in the line of the actuators 7 or 9 proportionally stored in the accumulate le measured. values of local maximum error in height. Trailer off; The body 15 also causes attraction of the electro-hydraulic valve 2 9, which opens the supply of hydraulic fluid under pressure from the pump 28 from the tank 24 through the valve 23 to the actuators 7 or 9. In this switch position, the ballast under each sleeper is compressed in proportion to the maximum local lift value, t . the difference between the preset and actual positions, and by tamping under pressure, is pressed under the fixing device (track lifter 12) until compaction zones are obtained that are proportional to the position of the level path. If the signal size set at the second output of switch 25 does not exceed the magnitude of the signal received from measuring sensor 11, then the rise of the path is only due to tamping with a tamping tool 5 or 8 due to removal of ballast. If the signal from the measuring sensor exceeds the set signal size, corresponding to, for example, an error in height b mm, the electro-hydraulic valve 27 is energized and operates by activating the actuator 13 to raise the track by way of the track bumper 12 to the specified position. . - Regardless of the magnitude of the local maximum error in height and the signal of the measuring sensor 11 ftepekl, the sensor 25 blocks the drive 13 when it reaches the target position, and the path is fixed in the target position 12. As soon as the end pressure of the tamping set by the valve 23 is reached, the tamping tool carrier rises, switches off the switch 15 by means of the electrohydraulic valve 29, interrupts the flow of pressurized fluid into the actuators .. 7 and 9. Next, using the Simultaneous Attraction Relay unit 22 again connects to The sensor of measurement values 11, and the height of the error and its maximum value for are determined during the extension of the machine to the next sleeper to be assembled. This spike is entered into block 22. Pressure control valve 23 can also be connected to the control circuit so as to provide feedback to block 22 or 9 for the actuator supply line or block with a corresponding adder (reference block). The circuit shown in FIG. 6, works as follows. The local mg1 maximal errors in height obtained from the measuring sensor 11 are relayed through the relay 21 to the executive motor 30, which rotates the screw spindle and shifts the nut 31 mounted on the spindle in proportion to the corresponding height error. The nut 31 serves to control the pressure control valve 23 via a plug and a cable with an electric displacement sensor 32, for example, a rotary potentiometer. In order to correctly install the nut 31 through the motor 30, the displacement sensor 32 through the feedback wire is connected to the reference element 33. Thus, any position of the nut 31 is proportional to the signal issued by the measuring sensor 11, and when changed, it is set by the motor 30. The motor 30 can perform as a stepping motor, then the feedback circuit shown in the embodiment may not be needed. Machine performance is not limited to this exemplary embodiment with one group of tamping tools. Using a machine with two groups of padbing tools for simultaneous processing of two adjacent sleepers, a uniform result can be obtained during operation. Although machines with hydraulic drives are effective for implementing the method of asynchronous tamping, machines can also use a mechanical spindle drive. The proposed method of straightening the railway track and the machine for implementing this method provide a qualitative alignment of the track in the longitudinal profile, regardless of the size of the lifting of the track. Claim 1. Method of straightening the railway track, which consists in raising the track to the required value keeps it in this position by means of a fixing device and compresses the ballast in the zone of intersection of rails and sleepers by means of vibration and pressure transmitted by the working body , up to the stop of each section of the track into the fixing device, which is distinguished by the fact that, in order to improve the quality of the bearing, the pressure of the working body on the ballast is set proportional to the amount of lifting of the track on each site. 2. A machine for implementing the method according to claim 1, comprising a self-propelled chassis, tamping tools with vibrating hooks and ballast swivel drives mounted on the chassis frame with the possibility of being driven in a vertical 1 plane and perpendicular to and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the machine, from both sides of it, mounted on the chassis frame near the tamping tools of the track lifter with a height adjustment drive, as well as a blocking device mounted on the chassis frame. drive of the track lifter, hydraulic system, control unit and reference system, including measuring trolleys and cables-chords connecting these trucks, track position sensors in the longitudinal profile connected to the corresponding cables-chords and the indicated lift path through the locking device wherein the control unit is electrically connected with the reference system, the transfer mechanism permutation drive and the ballast compression actuators, characterized in that it is equipped with a memory unit, a pressure control valve An electrohydraulic valve and a limit switch, each track position sensor in the longitudinal profile, is connected to the pressure line of the hydraulic system through memory, and via the limit switch and the electrohydraulic valve to the corresponding ballast pressure drives. 3. The machine according to claim 2, distinguished by the fact that the device for locking the driver of the elevator permutation in height comprises a threshold switch electrically connected to the track position sensor in the longitudinal profile and the locking valve J; associated with the indicated actuator of the track elevator . 4. Machine on PP. 2 and 3, is distinguished by the fact that the memory unit is connected to the pressure control valve and holds the reference element, the displacement sensor and the motor connected between the comparison element and the specified displacement sensor. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. N. Dombrovsky and others. Construction and track machines. M., Transport, 1967, p. 384-386 (prototype).
    [2]
    2. The patent of the USSR on the application №2004028 / cl. E 01 B 27/17, 04/26/73, 01/14/74 (priority).
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    JPS5020406A|1975-03-04|
    DE2418368A1|1974-12-19|
    ZA743307B|1975-05-28|
    DE2418368B2|1979-04-12|
    GB1453113A|1976-10-20|
    BR7404092D0|1975-09-30|
    US3895583A|1975-07-22|
    JPS5833323B2|1983-07-19|
    IN141382B|1977-02-19|
    AU6862274A|1975-11-06|
    CA1015605A|1977-08-16|
    ATA462773A|1976-07-15|
    FR2230801B1|1978-03-31|
    AT335502B|1977-03-10|
    ES426668A1|1976-07-01|
    DE2418368C3|1979-11-29|
    FR2230801A1|1974-12-20|
    DD111427A5|1975-02-12|
    CH579181A5|1976-08-31|
    HU171324B|1977-12-28|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    AT321347B|1968-01-02|1975-03-25|Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz|Mobile track tamping machine|CH585314A5|1975-01-17|1977-02-28|Matisa Materiel Ind Sa|
    AT345324B|1975-02-27|1978-09-11|Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz|TRACKING MACHINE|
    AT369455B|1981-02-02|1983-01-10|Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz|LEVELING PLUG MACHINE WITH AUTOMATIC STOP PRESSURE CONTROL|
    KR910003421B1|1987-12-29|1991-05-30|한국과학기술원|Simple block-effect reduction method for image coding with vector quantisation|
    JP2846206B2|1993-03-12|1999-01-13|池上通信機株式会社|Subband coding device|
    AU2004325170B2|2004-11-22|2010-02-04|Franz Plasser Bahnbaumaschinen- Industriegesellschaft Mbh|Method for correcting height defects in a track|
    ES2397739B1|2011-11-25|2013-11-26|José Antonio IBÁÑEZ LATORRE| Machine and method of maintenance of railway track for leveling, alignment, compaction and stabilization of track, with the ability to operate without interruption in its progress.|
    AT516278B1|2014-10-22|2016-04-15|System 7 Railsupport Gmbh|Method for measuring and displaying the track geometry of a track system|
    ES2583373B1|2015-03-18|2017-06-15|Jose Antonio Ibañez Latorre|RAILWAY MAINTENANCE MACHINE FOR LEVELING AND ALIGNMENT OF ROAD, WITH CAPACITY TO OPERATE WITHOUT INTERRUPTIONS IN YOUR RUNWAY ADVANCED AND OPERATE IN ROAD CHANGES BATTING THE DEVIVED ROAD.|
    US20180010302A1|2016-07-05|2018-01-11|Harsco Technologies LLC|Apparatus and method for tamping ballast|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    AT462773A|AT335502B|1973-05-25|1973-05-25|MACHINE AND METHOD OF PLUGGING AND LEVELING A TRACK|
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