• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Improved electrochromic devices result from the incorporation of novel polymeric electrolytes. The electrolytes are based upon copolymers prepared from vinyl monomers and acid-group-containing monomers.
    公开号:SU814288A3
    申请号:SU792728453
    申请日:1979-02-12
    公开日:1981-03-15
    发明作者:Доменико Джилья Роберт；Эндрю Седлак Джон；В.Липп Дэвид
    申请人:Американ Цианамид Компани (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to electro-optical devices containing a layer of stable electrochromic material on one electrode in electrical contact with a special polymer electrolyte, which, in turn, is in electrical contact with the opposite electrode of the device. These devices are controlled by the electric current flowing between the electrodes through said electrolyte. They are provided with means for applying an electric field to said electrodes and means for changing the polarity of the electrodes and thereby changing the photoabsorption characteristics of the electrochromic layer. An electrochromic device is known, in which the electrolyte is made in the form of a gel containing sulfuric acid and polyvinyl alcohol (lit.) Also known are devices that reveal the possibilities of using plastics, for example polyesters, vinyl or similar polymers of allyl or similar polymers, polycarbonates, phenolic, amino resins, polymides, cellulosic resins 2, However, specific substances are not identified in them. The closest to the present invention is an electrochromic device containing an electrode made in contact m with a layer of stable electrochromic material in contact, in turn, with ion-conducting polymer electrolyte, which contacts the opposite electrode, and electrical means for selectively applying opposite polarity electric fields through electrodes 3. The disadvantage of this device is excessive electrolyte moisture, due to that perfluorinated sulfonic acid polymer was used as electrolyte. The purpose of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of the fight against excessive moisture. This goal is achieved by the fact that in a device containing an electrode made in contact with a layer of stable electrochromic material in contact with an ionically conductive hydrophilic, pure vinyl polymer electrolyte in contact with the opposite electrode, and electrical means of selective application of opposite-field electric fields through electrodes, the electrolyte is a copolymer or a copolymer, partially cross-linked, vinyl monomer (from 94 to 20 wt.%), selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate and 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, and - (monomer from (5 to 80 wt.%) unsaturated with glycerol monoethyl ether and containing an acid group.
    In addition, the monomer contains an acid group selected from the group consisting of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, 2-sulfoethylmethacrylate, alpha-chloroacrylic acid and 4-vinyalelikilic acid. The device is characterized by the fact that the copolymer is a copolymer of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid; in that the copolymer is at least partly spliced, in that the copolymer further comprises a humectant, and the humectant is selected from the group consisting of glycerin, tetraethylene glycol and polyethylene oxide terminated in hydroxy; that the electrochromic material is Nx / Oi.
    Apparatuses according to the invention are conveniently made by applying one layer after another until the required structure is made.
    Example 1. Electrochromic window area of 14 cm is made as follows.
    A copolymer of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (OEM) and methacrylic acid (MA) is prepared in a ratio of 2 hours, OEM by 1 hour MA by weight. A layer of tungsten oxide with a thickness of 5000 A is placed on a transparent conductive layer of indium oxide on glass. A 5% solution of the copolymer is applied on a layer of tungsten oxide. After drying, the thickness of the polymer layer should be between 10 and 30 microns. Then a transparent gold layer with a thickness of about 125 A is applied to the polymer layer.
    The device is tested by applying a constant potential of approximately 2.0 volts between the indium oxide and the gold layer, with the indium oxide layer being negative. After a few seconds, the device stains to reduce light transmission. With a change in POLARITY, the color disappears and the light transmission increases.
    Example 2. Electrochromic information display is made as follows.
    A copolymer of hydroxyethyl methacrylate -2-acrylamido-2-methypropane sulfonic acid (OEM-AMPS) is prepared in a weight ratio of 11: 3. A solution of 4 parts of ethanol and 1 hour of water is used to dissolve the copolymer. The final concentration is 11%. Then, white titanium oxide pigment is mixed into the polymer solution in a ratio of 5 h. Of the pigment to 1 part of the solid polymer. Vacuum deposited with tungsten oxide through a mask on a transparent glass conductive substrate of tin oxide is made the figure 8 out of 7 parts, 5 mm high. White polymer paste is applied to the glass electrode and. paper-carbon electrode pressed into the paste, completing the assembly. After drying, the paste hardens and the electrical contacts are attached to the tin oxide layer and the paper-carbon electrode. The manufactured display is valid for more than 50 cycles.
    The invention allows to reduce the excess moisture of the electrolyte.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    1. Electrochromic device containing an electrode made in contact with a layer of stable electrochromic material in contact with an ion-conducting hydrophilic, pure vinyl polymer electrolyte in contact with
    turn with an opposite electrode, and electrical means for selectively applying opposite polarity electric fields through electrodes, characterized in that, in order to increase the effectiveness of controlling excessive moisture, the electrolyte is a copolymer or partially cross-linked copolymer, vinyl monomer (from 94 to 20% by weight selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate and 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, and a monomer (from 5 to 80% by weight) unsaturated with monoethyl ether yserina and containing acid group.
    [2]
    2. A device according to claim 1, wherein the monomer contains an acid group selected from the group consisting of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, 2-sulfoethylmethacrylate alpha-chloroacrylic acid and 4 vinyl salicylic acid.
    [3]
    3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the copolymer is a copolymer of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and 2-acrylamide-2-methylprop-sulfonic acid.
    [4]
    4. A device according to claim 1, wherein the copolymer is at least partially crosslinked.
    51 The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the copolymer further comprises a humectant.
    6, The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the wetting agent is selected from the group consisting of glycerin, tetraethylene glycol, and polyethylene oxide terminated in hydroxy. A device according to claim 1. about the fact that the electrochromic material is tungsten oxide.
    Sources of information taken into account in the examination
    1. The patent of the USA 3708220, cl. 350-160 R, published. 1973.
    2. US Patent 3541924, cl. 350-160 R, published. .1970.
    3. The patent of the USA 3708220, cl. 350-160 R, published. 1976
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    SU814288A3|1981-03-15|Electrochrome-plating device
    US4116545A|1978-09-26|Polymeric electrolyte for electrochromic display devices
    US4375318A|1983-03-01|Electrochromic cells with improved electrolyte system
    US4519930A|1985-05-28|Electrochromic display device
    US5471338A|1995-11-28|Electrochromic device with plastic substrate
    US5327281A|1994-07-05|Solid polymeric electrolytes for electrochromic devices having reduced acidity and high anodic stability
    US6605391B2|2003-08-12|Solid gel membrane
    US4361385A|1982-11-30|Electrochromic device containing acid copolymer electrolyte
    US4193670A|1980-03-18|Electrochromic devices having protective interlayers
    GB1566110A|1980-04-30|Electrooptical device
    US5471554A|1995-11-28|Primer for electrochromic device with plastic substrate
    Kim et al.1997|All solid-state electrochromic window based on poly | s
    CN108251099A|2018-07-06|Under a kind of illumination can gelation and selfreparing electrochromic solutions and its application
    Espenscheid et al.1985|Electroactive ion exchange polymers
    CA2056937C|1996-12-10|Solid-state electrochromic device with proton-conducting polymer electrolyte
    JP3789483B2|2006-06-21|Iridium oxide films for electrochromic devices
    Inaba et al.1995|Electrochromic display device of tungsten trioxide and prussian blue films using polymer gel electrolyte of methacrylate
    SU1022669A3|1983-06-07|Electrochrome device
    GB1535594A|1978-12-13|Electrochromic display device with electrolytes and a method of producing the same
    US4312929A|1982-01-26|Polymeric electrolyte for electro-optical device
    KR810000777B1|1981-07-06|Electrochromic devices with polymeric electrolytes
    RU2037862C1|1995-06-19|Electrochrome device
    JPH03107129A|1991-05-07|Transparent electrochromic product
    JP3807558B2|2006-08-09|Iridium oxide film for electrochromic devices
    KR900003147B1|1990-05-09|Electro chromic displaying devices
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    SE445496B|1986-06-23|
    FR2417154A1|1979-09-07|
    IT1116845B|1986-02-10|
    US4174152A|1979-11-13|
    ATA106579A|1985-01-15|
    GB2014326A|1979-08-22|
    ZA785837B|1979-09-26|
    JPS6145814B2|1986-10-09|
    IL55855A|1982-07-30|
    DE2904052C2|1991-01-31|
    MX151432A|1984-11-21|
    NO784396L|1979-08-14|
    BR7807833A|1979-09-25|
    IT7947901D0|1979-02-06|
    PT69064A|1979-02-01|
    NO151482B|1985-01-02|
    ES477636A1|1979-10-16|
    GB2014326B|1982-09-08|
    AT378618B|1985-09-10|
    FR2417154B1|1985-03-22|
    CH639209A5|1983-10-31|
    DE2904052A1|1979-08-16|
    SE7901210L|1979-08-14|
    CA1105601A|1981-07-21|
    AR222023A1|1981-04-15|
    NL7811270A|1979-08-15|
    IL55855D0|1979-01-31|
    NO151482C|1985-04-17|
    PH15117A|1982-08-10|
    JPS54115147A|1979-09-07|
    BE874089A|1979-08-13|
    AU4085478A|1980-04-24|
    AU525796B2|1982-12-02|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    RU2524963C1|2013-03-29|2014-08-10|Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "СмартЭлектроГласс"|Electroconductive adhesive for electrochromic devices|
    US10732477B2|2018-03-19|2020-08-04|Oktopolymer Llc|Electrochromic device and method of its manufacturing|US2527300A|1948-03-18|1950-10-24|American Cyanamid Co|Copolymers of unsaturated sulfonic acids and polyunsaturated compounds|
    US3282160A|1963-01-07|1966-11-01|Dow Chemical Co|Color reversible electrochemical light filter utilizing electrolytic solution|
    US3419431A|1964-01-27|1968-12-31|Amicon Corp|Polyelectrolyte gel separator and battery therewith|
    US3453038A|1966-06-15|1969-07-01|Du Pont|Compartmented electrochromic device|
    FR1536863A|1966-09-16|1968-08-16|Bayer Ag|Polymers containing sulfonic acid groups|
    US3521941A|1967-02-07|1970-07-28|American Cyanamid Co|Electro-optical device having variable optical density|
    US3629082A|1969-04-22|1971-12-21|Valentin Alexeevich Kargin|Process for producing homogeneous polymeric cation-exchange materials|
    US3684747A|1970-04-22|1972-08-15|Du Pont|Method for increasing the liquid absorptive capacity of linear fluorocarbon sulfonic acid polymer|
    US3708220A|1970-05-25|1973-01-02|American Cyanamid Co|High conductivity electrolyte gel materials|
    US3689810A|1971-04-23|1972-09-05|Wilhelm E Walles|All-plastic electric capacitor|
    BE786002A|1971-07-08|1973-01-08|Montedison Spa|ALCENYLSULFONATE COPOLYMERS, PERMEABLE MEMBRANES SELECTIVELY WITH THE CATIONS BASED ON THESE COPOLYMERS AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING SELECTIVE PERMEABILITY MEMBRANES FROM THESE COPOLYMERS|
    US3840288A|1973-07-30|1974-10-08|Optel Corp|Electrochromic display having electro-catalyst|
    US3931092A|1974-04-29|1976-01-06|Basf Wyandotte Corporation|Finely-divided polymeric solids having improved physical properties|
    CH573155A5|1974-06-12|1976-02-27|Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie|
    GB1484426A|1974-09-02|1977-09-01|Nippon Synthetic Chem Ind|Electroconductive polymer composition|
    US4071508A|1975-02-11|1978-01-31|Plastomedical Sciences, Inc.|Anionic hydrogels based on hydroxyalkyl acrylates and methacrylates|
    CH594263A5|1975-11-29|1977-12-30|Ebauches Sa|
    US4116545A|1976-10-27|1978-09-26|American Cyanamid Company|Polymeric electrolyte for electrochromic display devices|CA1153427A|1978-12-11|1983-09-06|Patrick T. Cahalan|Tape electrode|
    US4297006A|1978-12-28|1981-10-27|Timex Corporation|Protective membrane for electrochromic displays|
    US4335938A|1979-08-30|1982-06-22|American Cyanamid Company|Electrochromic cells with improved electrolyte system|
    JPS5662229A|1979-10-25|1981-05-28|Asahi Glass Co Ltd|Electro-optical dimming panel|
    US4344674A|1980-07-18|1982-08-17|American Cyanamid Company|Electrochromic display device with improved erasing characteristic|
    US4361385A|1980-10-23|1982-11-30|American Cyanamid Company|Electrochromic device containing acid copolymer electrolyte|
    US4519930A|1982-01-11|1985-05-28|Kabushiki Kaisha Daini Seikosha|Electrochromic display device|
    US4488781A|1982-01-25|1984-12-18|American Cyanamid Company|Method for manufacturing an electrochromic display device and device produced thereby|
    JPS5950486A|1982-09-17|1984-03-23|Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co|Electric coloring display element|
    JPS608267B2|1982-11-30|1985-03-01|Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co|
    JPS60179703A|1984-02-28|1985-09-13|Seiko Instr & Electronics Ltd|Manufacture of multicolored display device|
    GB2170017B|1984-12-24|1988-09-14|Canon Kk|Optical device|
    EP0229438A1|1986-01-17|1987-07-22|The Signal Companies Inc.|Electrochromic devices using solid electrolytes|
    US4902108A|1986-03-31|1990-02-20|Gentex Corporation|Single-compartment, self-erasing, solution-phase electrochromic devices, solutions for use therein, and uses thereof|
    JPS63271321A|1987-04-30|1988-11-09|Hidetoshi Tsuchida|Fully solid-state high-polymer type electrochromic display element|
    US4768865A|1987-06-10|1988-09-06|Ppg Industries, Inc.|Electrochromic window with metal grid counter electrode|
    SE8801637D0|1988-04-29|1988-04-29|Jim Stevens|ELECTROCHROMIC DEVICE AND A METHOD TO MANUFACTURE THE SAME|
    FR2642890B1|1989-02-09|1991-04-12|Saint Gobain Vitrage|COLLOIDAL MATERIAL CONDUCTING ALKALINE CATIONS AND APPLICATIONS AS ELECTROLYTES|
    US5157540A|1990-07-11|1992-10-20|Toray Industries, Inc.|Electrochromic display device with improved absorption spectrum and method of producing it|
    AU615622B2|1989-09-13|1991-10-03|Ppg Industries, Inc.|Electrochromic window with polymer layer|
    US5066111A|1989-09-13|1991-11-19|Ppg Industries, Inc.|Electrochromic window with integrated bus bars|
    US5124832A|1989-09-29|1992-06-23|Ppg Industries, Inc.|Laminated and sealed electrochromic window|
    US5189549A|1990-02-26|1993-02-23|Molecular Displays, Inc.|Electrochromic, electroluminescent and electrochemiluminescent displays|
    AU643093B2|1990-12-26|1993-11-04|Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc.|Solid-state electrochromic device with protong-conducting polymer electrolyte|
    US5161048A|1990-12-26|1992-11-03|Ppg Industries, Inc.|Electrochromic window with metal grid counter electrode and acidic polyelectrolyte|
    EP0496278B1|1991-01-16|1996-10-30|Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.|Optical device and apparatus using the optical device|
    EP0555114B1|1992-01-20|1996-11-13|Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation|Solid polymer electrolyte and method of manufacture thereof|
    US5327281A|1992-04-23|1994-07-05|Eic Laboratories|Solid polymeric electrolytes for electrochromic devices having reduced acidity and high anodic stability|
    US6891563B2|1996-05-22|2005-05-10|Donnelly Corporation|Vehicular vision system|
    DE69426040T2|1993-02-26|2001-05-17|Donnelly Corp|Electrochromic polymeric solid films, manufacture of electrochromic devices with such films, and processes for the manufacture of such solid films and devices|
    US5910854A|1993-02-26|1999-06-08|Donnelly Corporation|Electrochromic polymeric solid films, manufacturing electrochromic devices using such solid films, and processes for making such solid films and devices|
    US5471338A|1993-11-12|1995-11-28|Ppg Industries, Inc.|Electrochromic device with plastic substrate|
    EP0697119A4|1993-11-12|1996-06-19|Ppg Industries Inc|Iridium oxide film for electrochromic device|
    US5471554A|1993-11-12|1995-11-28|Ppg Industries, Inc.|Primer for electrochromic device with plastic substrate|
    US8294975B2|1997-08-25|2012-10-23|Donnelly Corporation|Automotive rearview mirror assembly|
    US5668663A|1994-05-05|1997-09-16|Donnelly Corporation|Electrochromic mirrors and devices|
    US5679283A|1994-07-22|1997-10-21|Gentex Corporation|Electrochromic layer and devices comprising same|
    US5798860A|1996-01-16|1998-08-25|Ppg Industries, Inc.|Iridium oxide film for electrochromic device|
    US5928572A|1996-03-15|1999-07-27|Gentex Corporation|Electrochromic layer and devices comprising same|
    US6039390A|1996-08-20|2000-03-21|Donnelly Corporation|Chromogenic window assembly construction and other chromogenic devices|
    US6124886A|1997-08-25|2000-09-26|Donnelly Corporation|Modular rearview mirror assembly|
    US5969847A|1997-12-22|1999-10-19|Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc.|Method for sealing a laminated electrochromic device edge|
    US5953150A|1997-12-22|1999-09-14|Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc.|Edge design for electrochromic devices|
    US6326613B1|1998-01-07|2001-12-04|Donnelly Corporation|Vehicle interior mirror assembly adapted for containing a rain sensor|
    US8288711B2|1998-01-07|2012-10-16|Donnelly Corporation|Interior rearview mirror system with forwardly-viewing camera and a control|
    US7370983B2|2000-03-02|2008-05-13|Donnelly Corporation|Interior mirror assembly with display|
    US6172613B1|1998-02-18|2001-01-09|Donnelly Corporation|Rearview mirror assembly incorporating vehicle information display|
    US6214261B1|1998-03-23|2001-04-10|Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc.|Method for forming a molded edge seal|
    US6317248B1|1998-07-02|2001-11-13|Donnelly Corporation|Busbars for electrically powered cells|
    DE19840186C2|1998-09-03|2003-03-13|Daimler Chrysler Ag|Laminated glass with electrically controllable reflectance|
    US6445287B1|2000-02-28|2002-09-03|Donnelly Corporation|Tire inflation assistance monitoring system|
    US6329925B1|1999-11-24|2001-12-11|Donnelly Corporation|Rearview mirror assembly with added feature modular display|
    US7167796B2|2000-03-09|2007-01-23|Donnelly Corporation|Vehicle navigation system for use with a telematics system|
    WO2001064481A2|2000-03-02|2001-09-07|Donnelly Corporation|Video mirror systems incorporating an accessory module|
    AT363413T|2001-01-23|2007-06-15|Donnelly Corp|IMPROVED VEHICLE LIGHTING SYSTEM|
    US6515787B1|2000-03-07|2003-02-04|Eclipse Energy Systems, Inc.|Electrochromic layer|
    US6477464B2|2000-03-09|2002-11-05|Donnelly Corporation|Complete mirror-based global-positioning systemnavigation solution|
    US6693517B2|2000-04-21|2004-02-17|Donnelly Corporation|Vehicle mirror assembly communicating wirelessly with vehicle accessories and occupants|
    US6918674B2|2002-05-03|2005-07-19|Donnelly Corporation|Vehicle rearview mirror system|
    US7329013B2|2002-06-06|2008-02-12|Donnelly Corporation|Interior rearview mirror system with compass|
    AU2003237424A1|2002-06-06|2003-12-22|Donnelly Corporation|Interior rearview mirror system with compass|
    US7274501B2|2002-09-20|2007-09-25|Donnelly Corporation|Mirror reflective element assembly|
    US7255451B2|2002-09-20|2007-08-14|Donnelly Corporation|Electro-optic mirror cell|
    US7310177B2|2002-09-20|2007-12-18|Donnelly Corporation|Electro-optic reflective element assembly|
    US7009750B1|2002-10-25|2006-03-07|Eclipse Energy Systems, Inc.|Apparatus and methods for modulating refractive index|
    WO2004103772A2|2003-05-19|2004-12-02|Donnelly Corporation|Mirror assembly for vehicle|
    US7446924B2|2003-10-02|2008-11-04|Donnelly Corporation|Mirror reflective element assembly including electronic component|
    US7308341B2|2003-10-14|2007-12-11|Donnelly Corporation|Vehicle communication system|
    US20070231354A1|2005-04-21|2007-10-04|Atsushi Sogabe|Water-Soluble Thickener and Cosmetic Preparation Containing Same|
    US7372610B2|2005-02-23|2008-05-13|Sage Electrochromics, Inc.|Electrochromic devices and methods|
    US7626749B2|2005-05-16|2009-12-01|Donnelly Corporation|Vehicle mirror assembly with indicia at reflective element|
    US7581859B2|2005-09-14|2009-09-01|Donnelly Corp.|Display device for exterior rearview mirror|
    US7855755B2|2005-11-01|2010-12-21|Donnelly Corporation|Interior rearview mirror assembly with display|
    DE102006044069A1|2006-09-20|2008-03-27|Bayer Materialscience Ag|Electrochromic arrangement|
    US7884995B2|2007-06-27|2011-02-08|Gentex Corporation|Electrochromic device having an improved fill port plug|
    US8345345B2|2007-06-27|2013-01-01|Gentex Corporation|Electrochromic device having an improved fill port plug|
    US8154418B2|2008-03-31|2012-04-10|Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc.|Interior rearview mirror system|
    US9487144B2|2008-10-16|2016-11-08|Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc.|Interior mirror assembly with display|
    DE102009008740A1|2009-02-12|2010-08-19|Clariant International Limited|Easily dispersible solid pigment preparations|
    US9057925B2|2013-03-15|2015-06-16|Gentex Corporation|Fill port plugs for electrochromic devices|
    US9454054B2|2013-11-18|2016-09-27|Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc.|Electro-optic mirror element and process of making same|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US05/877,139|US4174152A|1978-02-13|1978-02-13|Electrochromic devices with polymeric electrolytes|
    [返回顶部]