• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A circuit-breaker includes a fluid-tight cutout chamber in which are disposed a fixed contact as well as a sliding movable contact and which encloses a dielectric in the liquid state kept under pressure. The movable contact is brought and kept selectively against the fixed contact by releasable disconnecting means, in opposition to ever-present elastic disconnecting means tending to separate the two contacts and comprising hydraulic elastic means responding only to the volumetric elasticity of the compressed liquid in the circuit-breaker. The dielectric in the liquid state is preferably a compressible liquid having a compressibility at least ten times greater than that of oil and may be a liquified gas dielectric.
    公开号:SU735196A3
    申请号:SU721834308
    申请日:1972-09-29
    公开日:1980-05-15
    发明作者:Гратцмюллер Жан-Луи
    申请人:За витель；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    one
    HacTOHUj; ee H3o6pefeHHe refers to electrical switches that have at least an extinguishing chamber, which contains fixed and movable contacts, filled with a liquid dielectric maintained continuously under pressure.
    In switches of this type 1, the current is switched off by opening the movable and fixed contacts in a liquid dielectric medium maintained continuously under pressure, which improves some electrical characteristics (parameters) of this medium (for example, dielectric strength, arc capacity). At the same time you can get the best parameters of the switch; that is, to reduce the volume of the dielectric (by reducing the required gap between the two contacts in the “off” position) and, consequently, reduce the volume and cost of the device.
    Pressure switches with liquid dielectric under pressure have the small advantages when using liquid dielectric gas such as hexafluoride as a liquid dielectric
    sulfur maintained under pressure in order to continuously maintain its liquid state.
    Finally, in such switches, elastic means (elastic medium) were provided to maintain the liquid dielectric under pressure (for example, pneumatic elastic means, before (; pressurized gas cushion), and the same elastic means were used to act on the switch of the switch in the direction of opening the contacts.
    The purpose of this invention is to simplify the construction.
    The goal is achieved by the fact that the switch is equipped with a block for compensating for the change in the volume of the extinguishing liquid, which is made in the form of a hydropneumatic filler connected to the arc chute using channels. As a quenching liquid, a liquid is taken with a compressibility of at least 10 times the compressibility of oil, for example hexafluoride. An internal cavity is made on the movable contact from the contacting side, passing into the channels, which from the back side is equipped with a piston, which is located in a cylindrical cavity, made in the wall of the arc chamber.
    FIG. 1 schematically shows a switch (in section); in fig. 2 shows extinguishing organs made in accordance with the most preferred embodiment of the invention, an enlarged view.
    The switch shown in FIG. 1 in the "off" position, contains a damping chamber 1, which is, for example, a cylinder 2, hermetically sealed with an upper plate 3 and a base 4.
    The damping chamber 1 contains a fixed contact 5 and a progressively moving movable contact 6. The fixed contact is surrounded by a sleeve 7 of insulating material, which rests with its upper ring-shaped surface 8 on the lower surface of the upper plate 3 of the damping chamber in order to counteract the forces caused by the pressure of the dielectric and pressing the movable contact on the fixed one in the “on” position of the switch. The insulating sleeve 7 has a continuation in the form of a tubular part 9, the length of which is chosen depending on the operating voltage of the switch and which surrounds the conductive rod Yu, the upper end of which 11 is the switch clip connected to the circuit 12 to be disconnected.
    The movable contact 6 passes through the base 4 of the damping chamber, without violating its tightness, thanks to the gland 13 (it is preferable to use the gland with a spring) and has an abutment limiting the distance that it moves away from the fixed contact. This stop is, for example, the protruding part 14 of the moving contact, which rests on the base 4 of the quenching chamber immediately upon reaching the "off" position.
    The movable contact b is electrically connected to the second clip of the switch, which in turn is connected to branch 12 of the circuit 12 being disconnected. As will be shown below, the movement of the movable contact, i.e. its Maximum distance from the fixed contact, can be significantly reduced (in comparison with the classical switches), so that the electrical connection of the movable contact and the clamp 15. can be made using metallic flexible conductor 16, without the use of sliding contacts, which, as a rule, were necessary at the switches.
    The damping chamber 1 contains a hermetic enclosure filled with a liquid dielectric maintained under pressure. The means for maintaining the dielectric under pressure are described below.
    As a dielectric fluid, pressurized oil can be used, but in a writeable switch for filling
    A damping chamber is a dielectric, which is a pressurized dielectric gas that is kept constant in its liquid state. Specifically, SFe sulfur liquefied hexafluoride was chosen. Benefits of using such a dielectric will be noted below.
    The base 4 of the quenching chamber is mounted on a support insulator 17 filled with a liquid or gaseous dielectric, such as oil or sulfur hexafluoride, under low pressure, with the lower part of the insulator equipped with a plate 18 mounted on the base 19 mounted on the ground.
    The movable contact 6 is mechanically connected, for example, by means of an insulating rod 20 passing inside the support insulator 17, with separate switching means for bringing and holding the moving contact exactly at the fixed contact, and acting on the disconnect means constantly ready for action and aspiring to open the moving and fixed contacts.
    The lower end of the insulating rod 20 is connected in a smaller way to the landing of the piston 21, which is displaced progressively in the cylinder of the servo motor 22 mounted on the plate 18, with a hermetic seal 23 provided between the piston and the cylinder.
    A servo motor 22 is activated by a classic hydraulic actuator of the switch, the main elements of which are schematically represented by number 24 (the hydraulic actuator of the switch is not the subject of the invention). The main elements of the drive include a hydropneumatic accumulator 25, an oil pump 26, a low-pressure oil tank 27 and a complex of hydraulic switching, shown simply in the form of a spool 28 with three channels.
    The hermetic quenching chamber 1 can be equipped with a simple valve or a valve for filling it with a dielectric pressure, since the elastic means of shutdown, always ready for action, are only the bulk elasticity of a liquid dielectric compressed in the damping chamber.
    Therefore, if we assume that the switch is placed in an environment with a constant temperature, then it can function if only the basic elements already described are present after the damping chamber is filled with a dielectric liquid under pressure.
    In fact, in order to compensate for significant temperature changes (for example, from -50 ° C to -bO ° C), outdoor switches are subject to compensation means that would contain both control and dielectric devices at the same time.
    For this purpose, the quenching chamber has an opening, for example a channel 29, made in the base 4, which is connected to a small section pipe 30 located inside the support insulator 17. The pipe 30 (or the channel 31 to which it is attached, and which is made in the plate 18 ) has the potential of the earth, as well as a pressure dielectric liquid dielectric to which it is attached, and which is a hydropneumatic accumulator 32, whose liquid chamber 33 contains a liquid dielectric under pressure, and the gas chamber 34 contains elastic This is a pillow of compressed gas, such as nitrogen, or, more preferably, such as helium. In addition, pipe 35 is provided for filling the system, pressure gauge 36 and shut-off valves 37, 38, 39.
    In the case when the battery 32 and the quenching chamber 1 are pre-filled with a liquid dielectric under pressure, the apparatus operates as follows. In the “off” position shown in FIG. 1, the movable contact having the shape of a plunger is pressed to the lowest position by the pressure of the dielectric. In order to turn the switch on, oil is supplied to the servomotor 22 of the switch-on, acting on the switching organ - spool 28, as a result of which the pistol 21 lifts the movable contact 6 with the help of the rod 20 until it touches the fixed contact. As long as the oil is supplied to the servomotor 22, in the general case through the self-holding hydraulic circuit, the switch is in the "on" position. To turn off the switch, the servomotor 22 is placed in the oil release mode, as a result of which the bulk elasticity of the dielectric fluid under pressure contained in the damping chamber acts on the moving contact and removes it from the stationary without causing any significant nepiBTOKa fluid through the pipe 30. the battery 32, which allows the shut-off valve 37 to close at a constant temperature.
    It is advisable to use liquefied SFe gas as a dielectric, for example, under pressure in the order of 200-400 bar (1 bar 1.02 kg / cm 2). .
    When using such a dielectric, the break of the contacts in the "off" position can be very small, for example, about 10 mm for a voltage of 200 kV.
    The volume of the dielectric moved by moving the moving contact can thus be in the order of 20 cm. Since the compressibility of a liquid dielectric SFe is very high (about 10 per kg / cm, instead of 510-7-10 for oil), it is sufficient to have a reduced volume of dielectric ( e.g., 4000 cm) in the quenching chamber so that the pressure changes (at constant temperature) caused by the movement of the contact would be small (on the order of 5 bar).
    5 Therefore, a tank with a liquid dielectric, which is a battery 32, can be removed from the damping chamber, since only slow fluid flows from it into chamber 1 and back take place depending on changes in temperature.
    Pressure gauge 36 allows control of the dielectric pressure.
    In the case when as a dielectric
    J would use oil, the conditions would be less favorable, as the oil is significantly less compressed than the liquid dielectric SFe, which would require more significant contact breakage and a significant increase in the volume of the damper chamber.
    In order to obtain the smallest possible movement of a moving contact, it is advisable to refuse to engage the moving and stationary contacts in advance, using only the contact closure under pressure. Therefore, the hydraulic drive shown in FIG. 1, in which the oil pressure presses the moving contact to the stationary in the “on” position, is particularly advantageous.
    0 FIG. 2 shows the most preferred design of the movable contact.
    In this embodiment, the movable contact 6 instead of acting as a plunger in the case shown in FIG. 1 is connected to a piston 40, which moves in a cylinder 41 embedded in the base 4 of the damping chamber.
    The gland 13, providing tightness, is installed between the base 4 and
    0 piston 40, and the second seal 13, also ensuring the tightness of the camera, is installed between the rod of the movable contact and the base 4.
    An axial channel 42 is drilled in the movable contact, which communicates through the transverse bores 43 to the cylinder chamber 41. At the moment of shutdown, the movable contact is repelled by the action of the elastic and dielectric under pressure. Moving the piston 40 increases the volume of the chamber 41, which is filled with a liquid dielectric flowing through the openings 43 through the channel 42 and extending between the slightly open movable and fixed contacts. As a result, a turbulent blast occurs under the action of a dielectric flow. The turn-off time is very short, for example, within 1-2 milliseconds, and the instant dielectric consumption of the blast can be significant.
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    1. Electric power switch with contact opening due to elastic forces of extinguishing fluid, containing sealed arc extinguishing chamber filled with extinguishing fluid with movable and fixed contacts located in it, characterized in that, in order to simplify the design, it is equipped with a change compensation unit the volume of fluid, which is made in the form of a hydropneumatic filler, connected to the arc chute by means of channels.
    [2]
    2. The electric power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that
    eight
    the quenching fluid is taken up with a compressibility at least 10 times more than the compressibility, oils, for example, fused sulfur sulfur.
    [3]
    3. The electrical circuit breaker according to claim I, characterized in that the movable contact has an internal cavity on the contacting side, passing into the channels, which is provided on the back side with a driver, which is located in a cylindrical cavity made in the arc wall of the arc chamber.
    Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. French Patent No. 1537673, cl. H 01 H 33/68, 1966.
    If
    P
     7
    17
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
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    SU735196A3|1980-05-15|Power switch
    US4086461A|1978-04-25|High-voltage circuit-interrupters
    FR2373141A1|1978-06-30|HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL CUT-OFF DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR A SELF-BLOWING CIRCUIT BREAKER BY GAS
    GB1091302A|1967-11-15|Gas-blast circuit breaker
    US3896282A|1975-07-22|High voltage circuit interrupting device
    KR910002261B1|1991-04-08|Sealed contact device
    US4075447A|1978-02-21|Double-puffer-type compressed-gas circuit-interrupter constructions
    US3823286A|1974-07-09|High-voltage circuit breaker equipped with hydraulic drive
    US4465910A|1984-08-14|Self-generating gas flow interrupter
    US3287531A|1966-11-22|Terminal bushing having impedance means associated therewith
    GB1169459A|1969-11-05|Improvements in, or relating to Electrical Circuit Breakers.
    GB1104228A|1968-02-21|Improvements in or relating to electric circuit breakers
    GB847968A|1960-09-14|Improvements in or relating to electric circuit interrupters
    US2071965A|1937-02-23|Electric circuit interrupter
    AU2016266018B2|2018-12-06|Medium voltage circuit breaker for the use in high pressure environments
    US4264794A|1981-04-28|Circuit interrupter including arc extinguishing fluid pressurization means and pressure accumulating means
    RU2020629C1|1994-09-30|Hydraulic operating mechanism for power high-voltage circuit breaker
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    EP0020805B1|1984-03-07|Power circuit interrupter
    US2886672A|1959-05-12|Air blast circuit breaker
    US3612798A|1971-10-12|Airblast circuit breaker with improved sealing means
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    GB1404652A|1975-09-03|
    FR2154928A5|1973-05-18|
    AU4635672A|1974-03-21|
    CH567330A5|1975-09-30|
    NL7212217A|1973-04-03|
    JPS4842365A|1973-06-20|
    US3842227A|1974-10-15|
    DE2245170A1|1973-04-05|
    CS182773B2|1978-05-31|
    DE2245170B2|1976-03-25|
    IT968448B|1974-03-20|
    AT325136B|1975-10-10|
    JPS5213626B2|1977-04-15|
    BE788520A|1973-03-07|
    NO134025C|1976-08-04|
    AU470230B2|1976-03-11|
    NL152699B|1977-03-15|
    HU173196B|1979-03-28|
    SE371328B|1974-11-11|
    ES406253A1|1975-07-01|
    CA959525A|1974-12-17|
    NO134025B|1976-04-26|
    ZA726059B|1973-05-30|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    RU2706233C2|2013-12-23|2019-11-15|Абб Швайц Аг|Electric switching device|DE1143890B|1958-12-02|1963-02-21|Licentia Gmbh|Oarm circuit breaker|
    FR1412478A|1964-08-01|1965-10-01|Merlin Gerin|Arc extinguishing device comprising a closed enclosure filled with compressed gas|
    FR1430333A|1965-01-21|1966-03-04|Improvements made to circuit breakers|
    DE1640124A1|1965-01-21|1971-10-14|Gratzmuller Jean Louis|Electric switch|
    US3406269A|1965-02-26|1968-10-15|Westinghouse Electric Corp|Fluid-blast circuit breakers having means for increasing the density of the fluid during interruption|
    FR1537673A|1966-04-15|1968-09-07|Improvements made to circuit breakers|
    CH456725A|1967-03-17|1968-07-31|Oerlikon Maschf|Low-liquid circuit breaker|
    FR1539783A|1967-07-19|1968-09-20|Switching device of an electrical circuit|
    FR2076812A5|1970-01-29|1971-10-15|Gratzmuller J|FR2272477B1|1974-05-22|1978-06-16|Gratzmuller J|
    CA1047585A|1974-08-27|1979-01-30|Jean L. Gratzmuller|Protracted-blast electric circuit-breaker for alternating currents|
    US4273978A|1978-06-09|1981-06-16|Electric Power Research Institute, Inc.|Liquid interrupter module|
    NO321080B1|2004-11-04|2006-03-13|Bennex As|Switch for high voltage and / or current|
    NO325743B1|2006-07-05|2008-07-14|Vetco Gray Scandinavia As|Underwater switching device|
    NO325440B1|2006-07-05|2008-05-05|Vetco Gray Scandinavia As|Submarine facility|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR7135197A|FR2154928A5|1971-09-30|1971-09-30|
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