• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
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    • 专利摘要:
    1297970 Hafnium base alloy cathode for plasma arc burner D G BYKHOVSKY and A Y MEDVEDEV 15 Dec 1969 [8 Jan 1969] 60965/69 Heading C7A [Also in Division H5] The cathode of an electric arc plasma burner for use in reactive environments (e.g. O 2 and/or N 2 ), as for cutting metals and metalloids, for welding, for melting, for surface fusion, for heating the reactive gases or for chemical and thermal treatment of surfaces (e.g. cementation or nitriding), is made of an alloy consisting of 70-99À95%Hf with an addition of one or more of Ba, BaO, La, Li, Mg, Mo, Nb, Re, Th and W. The cathodes may be made by powder metallurgy.
    公开号:SU353495A1
    申请号:SU691297701D
    申请日:1969-01-08
    公开日:1980-05-05
    发明作者:Д.Г. Быховский；А.Я. Медведев
    申请人:Bykhovskij D G；Medvedev A Ya；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to the field of manufacturing non-destructible cathodes intended for electric arc processes in active media. They are active gaseous medium, the components of which can enter into chemical interaction with s cathode materials.
    The invention can be applied to plasma processing of electrically conductive materials, mainly in pro. processes with intermittent operation, as well as gas heating devices and light sources.
    A hafnium cathode is known having relatively high operating characteristics, i.e., a long service life, a high value of permissible currents and increased resistance to thermal shock.
    However, the advantages of a hafnium jg-cathode can be used at an arc current of not more than 400 A, especially during repeated short-term operation. At currents above 400 A and repeatedly, the current mode of operation, the wear of the hafnium cathode becomes unacceptable.
    The aim of the invention is to create a cathode for electric arc processes in active gases, consisting of an alloy or a mixture based on hafnium with dopants, which would have less wear compared to the known cathodes at currents of more than 400 A, mainly in intermittent mode.
    It is proposed to introduce into the cathode composition components containing transition metals as alloying additives
    A, V A, VI A or VII A of the group of the periodic table in the following weight ratios,%:
    Thorium 0.1-3 Niobium 1-10 Tantalum 1-3 Molybdenum 0.3-2.5 Tungsten 0.5-15 Rhenium 0.5-2 0 Hafnium Rest
    The use of hafnium as a base is due to the fact that it has a high melting point, low work function of thermionic emissions, and the ability to form a film on the working surface when working as a 5- ee cathode in an active atmosphere, which has a significantly lower permeability for active components of the atmosphere. When using oxygen-containing, nitrogen-containing. mixtures of air and on the working surface of the cathode a dense film is formed, consisting of oisols and hafnium nitrides. According to the invention, the cathode and iagot 15 is made from an alloy based on hafnium with the addition of thorium, niobium. tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium.
    These alloying additives reduce the diffusion rate of the base metal 20 through the film, as well as mechanical stresses on the interface between the base and the film, contributing to greater adhesion between them.
    Supplements can be administered either individually or in combination. Additives can be introduced by obtaining limited solid solutions, which relates to thorium, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium, or until obtaining specified properties for metals that form continuous solid solutions with hafnium, which refers to niobium and tantalum.
    These additives in hafnium-based alloys are taken in amounts that ensure the formation of a film on the cathode working surface containing at least one of the alloy components. Furthermore, Pleiku must contain at least one of the components 40 plazmoobrazuyu- conductive medium ..
    Besides these alloying elements in the alloy with a view to its stabilization, may be introduced minor Ko 45 lichestva lanthanum .lantanidov, yttrium or oxides thereof.
    Tests of cathodes made of alloys based on hafnium iodide grade GFI-1 with tantalum, molybdenum, and rhenium additives showed that the cathode’s functioning time in the intermittent operation mode increased by 6-10 times compared with zirconium cathodes with additives compared with the cathodes of pure iodide GPI-1 - 50-70%.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    The invention relates to the field of production of unbreakable cathodes, which are suitable for elastocovigam processes in active media. The gaseous media are active, the components of which may enter into chemical interaction with the cathode materials. The invention can be applied for plasma processing of electrically conductive materials, mainly in processes with an intermittent mode of operation, as well as in devices for heating gas and light sources. A hafnium cathode is known, having relatively high operating characteristics, i.e., a long service life, a high value of permissible currents and an increased resistance to thermal shock. However, the advantages of a hafnium cathode can be used with an arc current of not more than 400 A, especially in case of repetitive work. At currents above 400 A and intermittent operation, the wear of the hafnium cathode becomes unacceptable. Pel invented W — to create a cathode for arc-welding processes in active gas, consisting of an alloy or mixture based on hafnium with legible additives, which would wear less wear compared to the known cathodes at currents above 40 OA, mainly in an intermittent mode. It is proposed to introduce into the composition of the cathode the components containing transition metals IV A, V A, VIA goti A as groups of the periodic table in the following weight ratios,% t Niobium Tantalum Molybdenum 0.3-2.5 Tungsten 0.5-15 0, 5-20 Remaining 3-3 The use of hafnium as a base is related to the fact that it has a high melted temperature W, low thermal emission emission code, and the ability to work as a cathode in an active atmosphere to form a film on the working surface lower permeability to the active components of the atmosphere. When using oxygen-containing nitrogen-containing. According to the invention, the cathode is made of an alloy based on hafnium with additives of thorin nisyi, taktapa, molybdenum (tungsten, rhenium,; These alloying additives decrease iiiaroT is the rate of diffusion of the base metal through the film, as well as mechanical stresses on the surface of the base and the film, with the effect of greater cohesion between them. Additives can be introduced either in combination: tn or in combination. The limited solid pacTBCCOBj that relates to thorium, mopibdena tungsten, rhenium, and to obtain the specified properties on the metaphorics forming continuous solid solutions with hafnium, which refers to niobanto tantalum,: These additives in alloys based on hafnium take in quantities, ensure the formation on the working surface of the cathode of a film containing at least one of the partners of the player must contain at least one of the components of the plasma image of the neck. In addition to these alloying additives, in order to stabilize the alloy, insignificant quantities of lanthanum, yttrium lanthanides and their oxides are introduced. Testing of cathodes made of melts based on hafnium iodide mari GFR1-1 with tantalum additives, mapibde-rhenium showed that the cathode operation time in a repeated-short-term operation increased compared with zirconium cathodes with additives 6-10 times, compared to pure iodide cathodes by 5 70 70%, Claim 1, The cathode for electric arc processes in active media, made of hafnium, characterized in that, in order to increase the durability of the cathode during operation B of intermittent modes, him The composition includes components containing transition metals V AE VA, V A or NFA of the group of table D. I, Mendeleev, 2, Cathode pop, 1, different TeMj that thorium is introduced into its composition in an amount of 0.1-3%, hafnium - the rest 3, Cathode according to claim 1, characterized in that its composition is introduced in an amount, hafnium is remaining 4 "cathode according to n, Ij is tl ischw and so that tantalum is introduced in its composition in an amount of 1.3 %, hafnium else, 5. Cathode pop 1, characterized in that B its composition is introduced molybdenum in an amount of 0.3-2.5%, hafnium is the rest 6. Cathode according to claim 1, characterized in that its composition introduced in tungsten in an amount of 0.5-15% hafnium - the rest. 7. A cathode according to claim 1, characterized in that rhenium in an amount of 0.5-20% is introduced into its core; hafnium is the rest.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US3758746A|1973-09-11|
    FR2027900A1|1970-10-02|
    SE346719B|1972-07-17|
    DE1963151A1|1970-07-23|
    SU353494A1|1980-05-05|
    DE1963151B2|1977-03-17|
    SU353496A1|1980-05-05|
    GB1297970A|1972-11-29|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FR2272785B1|1974-05-28|1977-03-11|Inst Elektrosvarochnogo Oborud|
    GB1520000A|1974-10-10|1978-08-02|Vni P Konstr I Tech|Plasma arc torches|
    SE426215B|1978-05-11|1982-12-20|Vni Pk I Tech Inst Elektrosvar|NON-MELTING ELECTRODES FOR PLASMA BAKING WELDING AND PROCEDURES FOR PRODUCING THEREOF|
    FR2805192B1|2000-02-18|2002-06-28|Air Liquide|METHOD AND PLANT FOR PLASMA ARC WORKING WITH GAS WITH CONTROLLED O2 AND N2 LEVELS|
    EP3053418B1|2013-09-30|2021-05-19|Hypertherm, Inc.|Plasma torch electrode materials and related systems and methods|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SU691297701A|SU353494A1|1969-01-08|1969-01-08|Cathode for electric arc processes in active media|
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