• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A heating and/or cooling system incorporates a number of modular refrigeration units (42) each of which includes at least one compressor (21, 114), an evaporator (12, 116) and a condenser (16, 117). A variable speed circulating water pump (41, 14) circulates water through each evaporator/condenser (12, 116, 16, 117), which are connected in parallel across the respective supply line (8, 17) and return line (22, 18). A master controller (34) activates and deactivates individual compressors (21, 114) in accordance with load demand. Shut-off valves (24, 126, 137, 138) close off the water flow through the respective evaporator and/or condenser (12, 116, 16, 117) of any units deactivated and the resulting changes in the pressure differential in the supply and return lines (8, 17, 22, 18) is sensed by sensor (31) which sends a signal to the pump motor speed controller (32) which changes the output of the pump (41, 14) to restore a predetermined pressure differential.
    公开号:SU1838727A3
    申请号:SU904830822
    申请日:1990-07-18
    公开日:1993-08-30
    发明作者:Devid Konri Ronald
    申请人:Гpaдбek Пtи Лtд；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to improved heating and cooling systems, in particular to improved air conditioning and cooling systems.
    The purpose of the invention is to develop a heating and cooling system in which the pressure drops of water and the flow of water through the heating and / or cooling system are kept practically constant.
    In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of fluid paths illustrating the operation of the proposed system; in FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating electrical controls for the system of FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 is a view illustrating a block refrigeration unit having supply and return main pipes for the evaporator and condenser; in FIG. 4 is a detailed view of the supply and return main pipes and the servo valve shown in FIG. 2; in FIG. 5 is a view similar to that of FIG. 3, but illustrating another type of valve.
    In FIG. 1 shows a cooling system in which a plurality of refrigeration units 42 are used to cool water that circulates in a chilled water circuit 40 using a circulation pump 41. Chilled water passes through loads 43, which may include cold water coils in an air conditioning system. The pump 41 is a variable speed pump that is installed in the water supply pipe 1838727 AZ 8, Parallel to the pipe 8 and the return pipe 22 are connected evaporative heat exchangers 12, associated with each of the refrigeration units 42.
    The condenser water circuit has a condenser water pump 14, which supplies water to the condenser heat exchangers 16, which are connected in parallel to the supply and return pipes 17 and 18, respectively. Condenser water circulates through cooling tower 19, where it is cooled in the usual way by air flow and due to evaporation.
    Each refrigeration unit 42 includes at least one compressor 21, which circulates the refrigerant through the refrigerant circuit 23, including an evaporator and a condenser.
    A shut-off valve 24 is installed in each of the return pipes 20 from each evaporative heat exchanger 12 and each condenser heat exchanger 16. The valves 24 may be of any suitable type, but in the embodiment shown, the valves are servo-operated valves that are actuated by pressure water. taken from the corresponding feed pipe of the evaporator 26 or 30 of the feed pipe of the condenser 20. The selected water passes through the drain pipe 27 and is controlled by a valve with an electron netic drive 28 actuated with a corresponding complex-35 rossorom21.
    A differential pressure sensor 31 is connected to the chilled water circuit 40 and the condenser water circuit 15, which serves to record the differential pressure between the 40 corresponding water supply pipes 8 and 17 and the return pipes 22 and 18. Sensors 31 give a signal to the corresponding speed controllers engines 32, 45 serving to change the speed of the respective pumps 41 and 14 in order to maintain a given pressure drop.
    As shown in FIG. 2, the proposed cooling system 50 includes a three-phase power supply 33 for driving a chilled water circulation pump 41 and a condenser water pump 14. Each speed controller 55 of the engine 32 is a converter that, in response to signals from respective differential pressure sensors 31 changes the frequency of the supply voltage of the respective pumps, thereby changing the number of revolutions of the pump motors and thus the water flow in the respective circuits, which, accordingly, changes pressure differential between the respective supply and return lines 8 and 17 and 22 and 18, respectively.
    The system also includes a control circuit including a main controller 34, which controls the operation of the refrigeration units 42 in accordance with a number of factors, including the load, the unit’s working time, the results of the diagnosis of a malfunction, a maintenance plan, etc. To detect changes in the load, the corresponding temperature measuring devices 35 measure the temperature of chilled water in the supply pipe 8 and return pipe 22. Each compressor 21 is controlled by the compressor contactor 37, which is supplied with 24 V voltage via a remote controller 38. The controller 38 receives control signals from the main controller 34 in response to recorded load conditions and system setpoints. The valves with electromagnetic actuator 28 for each servo valve 24 on the respective units 42 are also controlled by the controllers 38 so that if the compressor contactor 37 is activated, the corresponding valves 28 are turned off and, conversely, if the contactor 37 is turned off, the valves 28 are turned on.
    At full load, each of the refrigeration units 42 is driven and chilled water flows through each of the evaporative heat exchangers 12. When the load decreases, the temperature of the chilled water in the supply and return pipes 8 and 22 for the chilled water changes, which causes the actuation of one from the regulators 38 for shutting off the compressor 21. At the same time, the corresponding valves 28 are turned on, thereby actuating the shut-off valve 24 in the corresponding return pipes 22 and 18, preventing the flow of water through the corresponding evaporative heat exchanger 12 and the corresponding condenser heat exchanger 16. Then, the differential pressure sensors 31 detect a change in the differential pressure between the respective supply and return pipes due to the withdrawal of one or more heat exchangers from the water circuits. The sensors 31 provide signals to the respective speed controllers of the engine 32 to change the speed of the pump, the flow of water in the respective circuits and, thus, reduce the pressure drop to a predetermined value.
    Obviously, the combination of valves and pumps with a variable speed makes it possible to significantly reduce power consumption when the system operates at a load less than full load. In addition, by using servo-driven valves, power consumption is minimized to ensure the operation of these valves.
    In FIG. 3-5 illustrates a block refrigeration unit 42, which includes a housing 112, in which a pair of compressor units 114 are installed, which have parallel cooling paths 23, including evaporators and condensers. Evaporators are housed in a common evaporative heat exchanger 12, while condensers are housed in a common condenser heat exchanger 16. The evaporative heat exchanger is used to cool the water that flows from the supply main pipe 118 through the heat exchanger 12 and to the return main pipe 119. The supply pipe 121 connects the supply the main pipe 118 with the evaporative heat exchanger 12, while the return pipe 122 is connected to the return main pipe 119.
    Similarly, water is supplied to the condenser heat exchanger 16 from the supply and return main pipes 123 and 124, respectively.
    In an air conditioning system, a plurality of block refrigeration units 42 are connected in parallel so that chilled water and condenser water circulate through each evaporative heat exchanger 12 and condenser heat exchanger 16 of each refrigeration unit in the system. As mentioned earlier, the main controller 34 controls a number of refrigeration units 42 operating at any time, the number of which corresponds to the load on the system, the number of units operating to maintain the desired temperature of the chilled water decreases when the load is reduced, and individual units are switched off in accordance with such reduced loads .
    Similarly, as the load increases, the main controller 34 drives the required number of units to maintain the desired temperature of chilled water (or heated water).
    When the block unit 42 is turned off, One or more valves are actuated to shut off the supply and / or return of chilled and / or heated water to the evaporative heat exchanger 12 and the condenser heat exchanger 16. In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 3 and 4, a valve 126 is installed in the return main pipe 119, blocking the return pipe 122. A similar valve is installed in the return main pipe for condenser water 124, which blocks the return pipe 127.
    The valve 126 consists of a pressure chamber 128 located outside of the main pipe 119, a valve stem 128 passing through the seal 131 into the pipe 119, a piston 132 at the end of the valve stem 129 in the pressure chamber, a valve disc 133 at the other end of the valve stem 129, the size the valve disc is close to the size of the inlet of the return pipe 122. From the supplying main pipe 118, a pressure discharge pipe 134 is connected that connects to the pressure chamber 128 to divert the suppressed liquid to the pressure chamber 128 and thus move the valve plate by the piston 132 133 to an overlapping position, as shown by solid lines in FIG. 4. The outlet tube 134 is provided with a normally closed solenoid valve 136, which closes the tube 134.
    A similar valve device is located on the condenser side of the block unit 42.
    During normal operation, when the block refrigeration unit is in operation and the compressors 114 are operating, the excitation is removed from the solenoid, thus closing the discharge pressure pipe 134. The pressure of the chilled water and the action of the return spring 120 are sufficient to force the valve disc 133 to be withdrawn from the valve seat, in whereby the return pipe 122 opens into the return main pipe 119, as shown in FIG. 4 dash-dotted line. Similarly, the return main pipe opens on the condenser heat exchanger 117 and the coolant flows through the evaporative and condenser heat exchangers 12 and 16.
    When the unit cooler is turned off, valves 136 are activated to open the outlet pipe 134 and pressurized liquid from the supply main pipes 118 and 123, respectively, actuates the corresponding valves 126 to close the corresponding return pipelines 122 and 127. Thus, water no longer flows through the evaporative heat exchanger 12 and the condenser heat exchanger 16. By excluding these heat exchangers from the respective water circuits, the loads on the circulation pumps are accordingly reduced, thereby azom allowing reduction of the pump drive power consumption by reducing the number of revolutions of the pump motor.
    Since the valves with electromagnetic actuator 136 operate only on the tubes 134, the problems associated with the seal are eliminated and the valves 136 can have a relatively simple design.
    . In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 5, instead of the valves shown in FIG. 3 and 4, two butterfly valves with an electromagnetic actuator 137 and 138 are used, which are installed in the supply pipe 121 and the return pipe 122. With this design, the butterfly valves 137 and 138 are actuated to directly close the supply pipe 121 and the return pipe 122. Such throttle valves valves 137 and 138 are located directly in the respective pipelines and, if desired, can be actuated by a single solenoid. Alternatively, such valves may be pneumatically or hydraulically actuated.
    In the described embodiments of the invention, variable speed pumps are used to circulate chilled water and condenser water, and variable speed pumps can be used or a combination of the above pumps can be used. Alternatively, multi-chamber pumps or even a plurality of pumps can be used to circulate water, with one or more chambers or individual group pumps shut off to reduce water flow as required by the system.
    The condenser heat exchanger for each unit can use air cooling, in which case the invention should be applicable to the chilled water circuit of the refrigeration units. On the contrary, the units can be used for heating purposes, in which case the invention should be applicable, in particular, to the condenser water circuit.
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [1]
    Claim
    1. A heating and / or cooling system containing a plurality of refrigeration units, each of which has at least one refrigerant circuit with a compressor, an evaporative and condenser heat exchanger, supply and return pipelines forming a coolant circulation circuit in communication with the evaporative heat exchanger for coolant cooling system, characterized in that the system additionally comprises supply and reverse maintenance collector means, a coolant circulation pump, a pump control unit coolant circulation and valves, while the supply and return manifold means are connected to the corresponding supply and return pipes of each unit so that the evaporative heat exchangers are connected in parallel to the coolant circulation circuit, the pump is located in the latter and connected to the control unit 20, and the valves are located at each unit with the ability to selectively block at least one supply or return pipe of the coolant.
    25
    [2]
    2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit of the coolant pump contains a differential pressure sensor in the supply and return pipes of the coolant in communication with the controller for the number of revolutions of the pump, while the controller is configured to maintain a predetermined pressure drop in the supply and return pipes .
    [3]
    3. The popp system. 1 and 2, with reference to the fact that it contains the main controller for controlling the temperature parameters and controlling the valves and compressors of the units, as well as temperature sensors located in the supply and return manifolds, electromagnetic actuators for each valve and compressor drives, while the main controller is connected to temperature sensors, electromagnetic drives and drives of 45 compressors so that depending on the temperature of the coolant in the supply and return collector means it can be controlled vlyat electromagnetic drives and actuator compressors.
    fifty
    [4]
    4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that the main controller is configured to turn on or off the compressor of any unit depending on the temperature change inside the collector means.
    [5]
    5. The system according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that the valve is installed only on the return pipe of the coolant of each unit.
    [6]
    6. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it contains an autonomous circuit of the condenser liquid circulating heat with the condenser loaders of each unit included in it, supply and return pipelines of each heat exchanger, supply and return manifolds, and a pump with a condenser fluid flow control unit, valves located on at least one supply or return pipe, and the condenser heat exchangers are connected by collectors to the condenser fluid circulation circuit awns in parallel.
    [7]
    7, The system according to claim 6, characterized in that the pump control unit of the condenser liquid circuit contains a differential pressure sensor in the supply and condenser liquid in communication with the pump speed controller, while the M controller is configured to maintain a predetermined pressure drop in the return and return condenser fluid manifolds.
    [8]
    8. The system of claims. 6 or 7, characterized in that the autonomous circuit of the inverse collectors of the condenser fluid contains a cooling tower.
    [9]
    9. The system according to any one of paragraphs. 1-8, as well as a piston connected to a plate: liquids from the supply manifold, characterized in that each valve is designed as a servo-valve, containing a plate, which moves to the stop 11 valve seat, located in the corresponding return pipe, and that valve and pressure a pipeline for supplying means J1 to the piston, and the pressure pipe includes closing means for selectively closing the pressure pipe.
    [10]
    10. The system of claim 9, the clause is that the closing means includes a valve with an electromagnetic actuator located in the pressure pipe.
    [11]
    11. The system of claim 10, with the fact that the valve with the electromagnetic actuator is normally closed and configured to open the pressure pipe when it is actuated.
    [12]
    12. The system of claims. 10 or 11, wherein each unit comprises a remote controller configured to switch the supply voltage either to a valve with an electromagnetic actuator or to a compressor, depending on the supply of a control signal to drive the corresponding compressor.
    [13]
    13. The system according to any one of paragraphs. 1-12, characterized in that the control unit includes means for controlling the engine speed with the possibility of changing the speed of the pump.
    [14]
    14. The system according to any one of paragraphs.
    1-5, characterized in that the condenser heat exchanger is made with the possibility of air cooling.
    [15]
    15. The system according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises a main controller associated with remote controllers and, accordingly, with electromagnetic valve actuators and compressor drives with the possibility of separate control thereof.
    [16]
    16. An air conditioning system comprising a plurality of refrigeration units, each of which has at least one refrigerant circuit with a compressor, evaporative and condenser heat exchangers, supply and return pipelines forming a chilled water circulation circuit in communication with the evaporative heat exchanger and the consumer cold, characterized in that the system further comprises a supply and return manifold pipes, a circulation pump with an engine, a speed control unit the pump motor, the differential pressure sensor between the supply and return manifold pipes and valves, while the differential pressure sensor is connected to the control unit of the engine speed of the circulation pump, with the ability to maintain a predetermined differential pressure in the supply and return manifold pipes, the latter being communicated to consumers of cold that the evaporative heat exchangers of the units are connected in parallel, and the valves are installed in at least one of the supply and return pipelines of chilled water each second unit with the ability to enable or disable the latter.
    [17]
    17. The system according to claim 16, characterized in that it contains temperature sensors, a main controller, while the temperature sensors are located in the supply and return manifold pipes and communicated with the main controller, and the latter is connected to compressors and unit valves with the possibility of their control depending on the temperature of the chilled water in the circulation circuit.
    FIG.
    I »ι '» i n and i II ! ι l Ί I - ,, 2- • 1 1 1 b 1 1 III11.1 7
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
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    US2461760A|1949-02-15|Multiple refrigeration system with controls therefor
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    US3848664A|1974-11-19|Heating/cooling apparatus
    US4538421A|1985-09-03|Refrigerating system
    US5014521A|1991-05-14|Refrigeration system in ice making machine
    JP2003130428A|2003-05-08|Connection type cold/hot water device
    US3275067A|1966-09-27|Reversible heat pump system
    US2746259A|1956-05-22|Air-conditioning and water-cooling apparatus
    JP3246344B2|2002-01-15|Aircraft cooling system
    US1869917A|1932-08-02|Refrigeration apparatus
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    US3036441A|1962-05-29|Air conditioning systems
    SU1545042A1|1990-02-23|Refrigerating unit
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FI903631A0|1990-07-18|
    FI96237B|1996-02-15|
    EG18829A|1994-04-30|
    CA1324489C|1993-11-23|
    ES2014566A6|1990-07-16|
    MA21476A1|1989-10-01|
    NO903193D0|1990-07-17|
    US5070704A|1991-12-10|
    FI96237C|1996-05-27|
    DK171090A|1990-09-18|
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    AT103386T|1994-04-15|
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    CN1035883A|1989-09-27|
    WO1989006774A1|1989-07-27|
    CH678453A5|1991-09-13|
    NO903193L|1990-09-06|
    NO174864B|1994-04-11|
    EP0396600A4|1992-03-18|
    JPH05504823A|1993-07-22|
    AU629811B2|1992-10-15|
    EP0396600A1|1990-11-14|
    NZ227649A|1991-12-23|
    AU2930089A|1989-08-11|
    DE68914142D1|1994-04-28|
    IL88976A|1994-06-24|
    DE68914142T2|1994-07-07|
    ZA89388B|1990-08-29|
    DK171090D0|1990-07-17|
    CN1018019B|1992-08-26|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    AUPI636588|1988-01-19|
    PCT/AU1989/000012|WO1989006774A1|1988-01-19|1989-01-13|Improvements in heating and cooling systems|
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