• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:SU1836038A3
    申请号:SU915001424
    申请日:1991-08-28
    公开日:1993-08-23
    发明作者:Uejn Louson Dzherri；Dzhejms Kazej Sh Vilyam
    申请人:Reynolds Tobacco Co R；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to smoking articles, such as cigarettes, and in particular, to cigarettes having a fuel element, physically separate aerosol forming agents, a mouthpiece and a fiber insulating wrap surrounding at least a portion of the fuel element. Such smoking articles can give smokers the pleasure of smoking (for example, the taste of smoking, sensation, satisfaction, and the like).
    I The invention provides improved cigarettes and other smoking articles in which layers of tobacco or tobacco-containing materials are used in conjunction with layers of non-combustible, preferably fiber insulating material (s), preferably glass fiber.
    'In preferred embodiments, the implementation of the present invention uses layers consisting mainly of tobacco or materials with a tobacco aroma, alternating with one or more layers consisting of 8 mainly fiber insulating materials, such as fiberglass, arranged so that the tobacco or other aromatic or flavors are served to smokers without significant pyrolysis of tobacco or decay products. Particularly preferred istabac / glass wraps according to the present invention comprise laminated sheet material consisting of at least four layers, which, when enumerated from the outside of the article, are: tobacco — glass — tobacco — glass. When used, this combination looks like four concentric rings around a fuel element in a finished cigarette.
    In General, the invention creates a smoking article containing a short combustible
    1836038 AZ element and an insulating wrapper surrounding at least a portion of the outer periphery of the combustible element, wherein the insulating wrapper comprises at least one layer of fiber insulating material and at least one layer of tobacco-containing material. If desired, aerosol forming agents may be located in the longitudinal direction behind the fuel element.
    As described above, in certain preferred embodiments of the invention, the fuel element of the smoking article is circumferentially surrounded by a tobacco / glass wrapper, preferably containing at least four layers: a first layer of fiberglass, a first tobacco-containing sheet, a second layer of fiberglass, a second tobacco-containing sheet. This device can be modified and / or modified to change the nature of the aroma and taste of tobacco provided by the wrapper. For example, in order to increase the amount of flavors supplied, the fiberglass layer may include some tobacco, or one or more tobacco or other flavors. Similarly, a sheet (s) containing mainly tobacco or tobacco-flavored material (ie, a tobacco-containing sheet (s)) may also include glass fiber or other fiber materials, for example, to increase the structural integrity of the layers. layers, i.e., how they are layered over the fuel element and / or to the other, can also be changed to change the properties of the smoking article. t
    By using a tobacco / glass wrapper according to the present invention, the taste of the aerosol supplied to a smoker is significantly enhanced compared to aerosols created in the absence of such a structure, for example, by using an insulating layer of fiberglass without tobacco or a substance with a tobacco flavor.
    Preferably, this improvement in the taste of the aerosol is achieved without substantial tobacco combustion, and it can be assumed that the physical structure of the preferred embodiments of the invention is at least partially important in order to achieve this goal. Smoking articles created according to the present invention are favorable in terms of taste compared to similar smoking articles in which tobacco is burned as fuel. Preferably, the aerosol created according to the present invention is low-combustible and contains a small amount of products of incomplete combustion of tobacco.
    The tobacco / glass insulating wrap made according to the present invention advantageously has a length of the order of 20 mm or less, and also usually has a sufficient overall thickness to provide a nominal circumference of a conventional cigarette (of the order of 24.5 mm) when it is positioned around the fuel element. The total thickness will depend on the nature of the fuel element over which the tobacco / glass insulating wrap is wound, and can range from 1.5 to about 5 or 6 mm, however, in combination with the fuel element and some wrapping paper or other by the elements of the combustible end of the smoking article, the preferred thickness is sufficient to provide a total outer diameter of about 8 mm.
    During smoking, the tobacco in a layered tobacco / glass wrap is at least partially pyrolyzed and can be burned uniformly to a small extent, while releasing the unique aroma of tobacco smoke into the atmosphere - the aroma that a smoker expects from a cigarette. In addition to creating the flavor of a typical tobacco cigarette, wrapped tobacco also gives a tangible taste of tobacco smoke mainly to aerosol created by the heat of a fuel element on aerosol forming agents.
    Thus, the present invention provides the addition of a small amount of tobacco, mainly in sheet form, to the insulating wrapper, whereby the taste of the cigarette smoke of the resulting product is significantly improved. The approach of using a layered tobacco insulator structure offers a reduction in the pyrolysis and / or burning of the tobacco introduced here, and thus provides control mainly on the aerosol content while improving primarily the taste and then the aroma. According to the present invention, this is carried out without additives to eliminate certain taste sensations and / or undesirable odors.
    As described above, preferred smoking articles include a short (i.e., less than 30 mm long before smoking), preferably a carbonaceous fuel element. Typically, the fuel element is a pressed mass of the order of 9 mm in length and 4.5 in diameter, which is made with a large number of channels extending in the longitudinal direction, that is, with a specific longitudinal hole (s) passing through the inner part of the fuel element and / or slots located on the periphery of this fuel element. The channels form a surface area that contributes to the ignition of the fuel element, and also helps to maintain the combustion of the fuel element during smoldering. The channels also facilitate the management of heat transfer from the fuel cell to aerosol forming agents. The density of a typical ruche element is in the range of 0.85-1.2.5 g / cm.
    Preferably, smoking articles in the form of cigarettes made according to the present invention also include a roll of tobacco or a charge of tobacco, usually a shaped filler wrapped in th πρι
    MB:
    wrapping material, such as paper, to form a tobacco rod. The tobacco roller preferably surrounds at least a portion of the aerosol forming agents. Tobacco can be in a processed form, for example, in the form of a spaced-apart chopped filler or obtained by aqueous extraction / a spaced-apart kz chopped filler. The tobacco rod may also include as such.
    on the] ; component insulating material, for example, fiberglass.
    The aerosol forming means of the preferably smoking article are physically separated from the fuel element and are located behind it in the longitudinal direction. Preferably, the aerosol forming agents are enclosed in a capsule, container or case, which is heat-conducting, but on the other hand is heat-resistant and is located in a channel that extends longitudinally through the tobacco rod.
    The heat-conducting capsule, container or case for aerosol forming agents (hereinafter capsule) contains one or more aerosol forming materials. Such aerosol forming material can sprinkle tobacco in any form, for example, in the form of tobacco dust, spray-dried tobacco extracts, or tobacco essences, as well as tobacco flavoring agents such as sugar, liquorice, cocoa. Other aerosol forming materials that can be used are polyhydric alcohol, for example glycerol, propylene glycol, triethylene glycol, which evaporate to create a visible smoke-like aerosol. Aerosol forming materials inside the container are usually held by a base such as aluminum beads, carbonaceous material, compacted (e.g. pressed) tobacco, carbon, alumina or a mixture thereof, or other suitable materials known to those skilled in the art.
    Preferred. smoking articles also include a mouthpiece for supplying aerosol to a smoker, and in the case of cigarettes, the mouthpiece usually has a tubular shape. However, the mouthpiece can be made separately, for example, in the form of a cigarette holder or in the form of a tube. The mouthpiece of preferred smoking articles typically includes a clogging filter section. Preferred filter segments demonstrate a low filtration efficiency so as to minimize interference with the passage of aerosol from aerosol forming agents to the smoker's mouth during inhaling (i.e., when used). Mouthpieces are also preferred, including pieces of aroma-containing material, for example, loosely packed or folded tobacco paper, or a menthol-containing folded sheet filled with carbon between aerosol forming agents and the filter section.
    The term aerosol as used here means the inclusion of vapors, gases, particles, both visible and invisible, and especially those components that are smoked, smoke-like, generated by the heat generated by a combustible element on materials contained within aerosol forming agents, or elsewhere elsewhere in the smoking article.
    The phrase used here in the relationship providing heat transfer determines the physical location of the aero sol-forming agents and the fuel element, when heat is transferred through the conductivity from the combustible combustible element to the aerosol forming means during the entire period of combustion of the fuel element. The interconnection providing heat transfer can be achieved by placing aerosol forming agents in contact with a combustible element, and therefore, in close proximity to the combustible
    Ί
    In the part of the fuel element and / or by the use of an element that provides thermal conductivity, to transfer heat from the combusted fuel to aerosol forming means. Preferably, both methods of providing heat transfer are used.
    The term “carbonaceous” as used herein means primarily carbon content. The amount of carbon in the carbon-containing material by weight is usually about 60%, preferably more than 70%
    As used herein, the term “insulating materials” is applicable to all materials that primarily act as insulators. Preferably, when using these materials are not burned, however, they can include low-combustible carbon or similar materials, as well as materials that melt when used, for example, low-temperature grades of glass fibers. Preferred insulating materials that are used here are, for example, fiberglass, carbon fiber and the like. Collectively, these materials are often referred to simply as glass. Suitable isolates have a thermal conductivity in gcal (cXcm g X ° C / cm) of about 0.05, preferably less than 0.02, and even more preferably less than 0.005 (see Haxon’s Chemical Dictionary; 672 (4th Edition, 1969) and the Manual of Chemistry ”Langs 10, 272-274 (11th edition, 1973)"
    The term “tobacco-containing”, as used herein, refers to materials containing tobacco in any quantity and in various forms, including tobacco extracts, 6 spray-dried tobacco extracts, ground tobacco slabs, tobacco fines or dust, spaced tobacco, and other types processed tobacco and the like.
    Preferred smoking articles using an insulating wrapper according to the present invention can produce at least 0.6 mg of aerosol, measured as single wet particulate matter, in the first three smoke releases from smoking under FTC conditions, which are contained in 35 ml of smoke under two second duration divided by 58 s of decay. More preferably, embodiments of the invention can produce 1.5 mg of aerosol or more with the first three smoke releases. Most preferably, embodiments of the invention can produce 2 mg or more of aerosol in the first three smoke releases under FTC smoking conditions. In addition, preferred embodiments of the invention produce an average of at least about 0.2 mg of wet particulate matter per smoke outlet, at least 6 releases, and preferably at least 10 releases under FTC smoking conditions.
    In FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cigarette according to the present invention; in FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the cigarette of FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 is a front end view (burning end) of a preferred fuel element of the present invention, illustrating the configuration of the channels and their location therein.
    A cigarette smoking article 10 includes a combustible element 12 having a large number of longitudinal channels 11, physically separate aerosol forming means 14 that contain one or more aerosol forming materials and which are located behind the combustible element and surrounded by a heat-conducting capsule 16. The capsule 16 overlaps the rear periphery fuel element. The capsule 16 is at least partially surrounded by a tobacco-containing shell 20. As shown, the mouthpiece 22 consists of two sections, namely a piece of loosely assembled tobacco paper web 26. which gives the aroma an aerosol, and a nonwoven polypropylene web serving as a filter element 28. Alternatively, an empty space (not shown) may be included in the mouthpiece either between the capsule and the tobacco paper, or elsewhere.
    A typical cigarette according to the invention has a generally circular cross section, a circumference of about 23-28 mm, and a length of about 700100 mm.
    The fuel element 12 is held in place by a heat-conducting capsule or container 16 by overlapping the capsule or container about 2 mm back from the periphery of the fuel element. The capsule has such a diameter to provide a tight entry of the fuel element and its retention, for example, due to friction.
    The capsule is predominantly made of a heat-resistant material, for example, a sheet of thin metal (such as aluminum). At the same time, efficient heat transfer from the burned gas is ensured [The ratio of tobacco and glass in the mixture can leave from 4: 1 to 1: 1. This mixture is fed to a pressure chamber, where, after pressing out the log, a mat-shaped paper ist is formed containing tobacco and fiberglass.
    | Generally speaking, tobacco and glass components are mixed with water and the suspension is fed to a paper grid, where water is removed and the sheet can be dried by passing it on top and between heated rollers. To increase the strength of the shell, wet strength agents can be used.
    In an airlift process, the chopped tobacco filler and fiberglass are first crushed to produce small particles in order to facilitate their movement by air. The crushed particles are then transported by air supplied to the collector, where they are mixed. After that, a homogeneous mixture is supplied to a mold that acts as the equivalent of a pressure chamber for wet styling and to which a vacuum is applied, which forms an air-laid mat. The airborne mat can then be treated with a binder, such as SCME or the like, to form a single structure. Alternatively, the air-laying process can be carried out at a separate stage, whereby a laminated mat of glass and tobacco is formed with the desired many different layers.
    Insulating shells obtained by wet and / or air-laying can be used along the entire length of the front end of the smoking article, i.e. on top of both a combustible element and aerosol forming agents. Alternatively, such shells may be used only on top of the front end portion.
    As described above, the smoking article of the present invention includes a combustible element that generates heat sufficient to volatilize the aerosol forming material in the aerosol forming means. A preferred combustible element is made of combustible material such that the density of the combustible element is more than 0.5 g / cm 3 , often of the order of 0.8 g / cm 3 j or more, but usually less than 1.5 g / cm. In addition, the combustible element typically has a length of • less than about 20 mm. often less than 15 mm | and usually about 9 mm.
    The composition of combustible materials of a combustible element may vary. Preferred combustible elements contain carbon, and the most preferred combustible elements consist mainly of carbon-containing materials. Preferred carbonaceous combustible elements have a weight content of carbon of the order of 60%, and preferably more than 70%. In some preferred embodiments of the carbonaceous fuel element, the fuel element comprises a mixture of carbon, tobacco and a binder (see Example 1). In other preferred embodiments of the carbonaceous combustible elements, tobacco is not included in their composition (see, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,854,331 and 4,917,128).
    In addition to tobacco, other ingredients, such as aromatic substances, tobacco extracts, fillers (such as clay or calcium carbonate), combustible additives (for example, sodium chloride to improve smoke, and also acting as a moderator) can be introduced into the fuel element to alter combustion (e.g., potassium carbonate to control ignition), binders and the like. Exemplary compositions of carbonaceous combustible elements are shown in US patent No. 4714082 (Benderzhi and others) and 4756318 (Kleryan and others).
    Other combustible elements may be obtained from crushed tobacco material, converted tobacco material, pyrolyzed or heat-treated tobacco materials, modified cellulosic materials, and the like. Exemplary combustible materials are given in U.S. Patents GF 4347855 (Lenzilotti et al., 3931824 (Miano et al.), '3885574 (Bortwick et al.) And 4008723 (Bortwick et al.), As well as in the work of Fitting Tobacco Substitutes (Noyes Date Corp ., 1976).
    Combustible elements for smoking articles according to the present invention are obtained by molding, machining, pressure or extrusion to provide the desired shape. Preferred carbonaceous combustible elements obtained by extrusion can be obtained by mixing; up to 95 parts of carbon-containing material, up to 20 parts of a binding agent and up to 20 parts of tobacco (for example, tobacco dust and / or tobacco extract) with enough water to produce a paste having a thick, doughy consistency. Then the paste can be extruded by means of a plunger or piston extruder into the desired shape, having the desired number of channels or empty spaces. The extruded paste can then be drained to obtain a moisture content by weight of about 2-7%. Then the continuous extruded material can be cut at regular intervals to obtain a large number of individual combustible elements.
    The smoking article of the present invention also includes aerosol forming agents that are physically separated from the fuel element. As such, aerosol forming agents do not mix with the fuel element and do not form part of it. Aerosol forming agents are in heat exchange relationship with the hot element, so that the heat released during the combustion of the fuel element is transferred by the aerosol forming agent heating the aerosol forming material, as a result of which an aerosol is formed.
    Preferred aerosol forming agents include a base supporting aerosol forming material. Preferably, the substrates are porous, can hold aerosol forming material when not in use, and are capable of releasing aerosol forming material over a period when a smoker puffs from a smoking article.
    One type of base material that is used here is a heat-resistant material (for example, a material that can withstand temperatures of about 400-600 ° C without decomposition or combustion). Examples of such materials include high-quality carbons, graphite, carbon yarn, activated and non-activated carbon, and ceramics. Suitable carbon base materials include PG-25 and PG-60, supplied by Union Carbide Corp., SGL, supplied by Kelgon Carbon Corp., Pittsburgh, RA and GF Catalog CFY-0204-1, CN 157 (HC), CN- 210 (HC), ACN-211-10 and ACN157-10 from American Kinol Inc. Molecular sieves, for example Smellrite ™, supplied by Union Carbide Corp. can be used partially or as a whole here as a base. Other suitable base materials include alpha-aluminum balls, available as sintered alpha-aluminum D2-2600 from UR Grace & Co. and the like.
    Another useful type of base is in the form of compacted giul made of carbon, tobacco, aluminum oxide, or a mixture thereof. Preferred sealed pills can be made by using the device supplied, ..
    Paudal QC, Japan. See US Patent No.
    4893639 (White), which is mentioned here as a reference.
    Another type of base used here is in the form of a cellulosic material, such as paper or tobacco paper. Such a base is usually made in the form of a cylindrical segment, which includes an assembled paper web inside the outer wrapper surrounding it. Such cylindrical segments can be made of rods that are manufactured using the equipment and technology described in US Pat. No. 4,807,809 (Prior and others). An example of paper that is collected to form the base is paper designated P144-B supplied by Kimberly-Clark Corp.
    Another solid base option discussed above is a cured thin film material that binds, captures and surrounds tobacco particles, moisturizers and aerosol forming materials. Such materials may be formed by combining tobacco, aromatic substances and other ingredients with a gelling agent such as gelatin, alginate, albumin, agar-agar, casein, gum arabic, pectins and the like. When heated, this material is destroyed with the release of components enclosed in capsules that form a smoke aerosol or add it.
    In aerosol forming agents, more than one type of base material may be used. For example, alumina balls that carry one or more aerosol forming materials on them may be located behind the combustible element, and a cylindrical piece of collected paper carrying additional aerosol forming material may be located behind the alumina balls.
    . Aerosol forming agents include aerosol forming material. The aerosol forming material may be in liquid, semi-solid or solid form and is usually held by the substrate. Examples of preferred aerosol forming materials include polyhydric alcohols (for example glycerin, propylene glycol and triethylene glycol) Caliphatic esters of monocarboxylic, dicarboxylic or polycarboxylic acids (for example, methyl stearate, dimethyl decondioate or dimethyl tetradecandioate), and others like these. tobacco flavoring Volatile aromatic agents include vanillin, cocoa, licorice, organic acids, sugar, etc. Tobacco flavor modifiers include asparagine, levulinic acid, glucose pentaacetate, and the like.
    As described above, the heat-conducting cfpsula or container is used here mainly for providing the heat exchange relationship between the fuel element and aerosol forming means. The heat-conducting capsule is preferably formed from a metal sheet, strip or foil. The wall thickness of the capsule or container is usually in the range of about 0.01-0.2 mm. The thickness, shape and / or type of material used to make the capsule can be varied to provide the desired degree of heat transfer. A preferred heat-conducting element is made of a thin aluminum sheet, which is highly stretched to form a cylindrical capsule with a length of about 30 mm and an external diameter of approximately 4.6 mm.
    In preferred embodiments, the implementation of the present invention is a heat-conducting capsule that contains a base and aerosol-forming material.
    attached to the mouthpiece, although the mouthpiece can be set separately as a cigarette holder. The mouthpiece creates a channel, which provides the supply of evaporating aerosol-forming materials to the mouth of the stower, and can also give an additional aroma to evaporating aeroso! educational materials. It is preferable that the length of the mouthpiece is approximately 30-85 mm, but it can vary (be longer or shorter), which is dictated by the requirements for the product. The preferred length of the mouthpiece is such that (i) the combustible portion of the fuel element and the heat-conducting element are kept at a distance from the smoker's mouth and fingers, and (Ϊ1) the hot evaporating explosion-forming materials have enough time to cool before they reach the smoker's mouth.
    Suitable mouthpieces are usually inert with respect to the aerosol forming material, providing minimal aerosol loss as a result of condensation during filtration, and can withstand the temperatures created by the use of a smoking article. Examples of mouthpieces include plasticized cellulose acetate tubes, for example, those labeled SCS-1 and .5 are supplied by American Filterron Corp., polyamide tubes sold under the name Kapton by E.I. Du Pont de Nemyurs, tubes made of cardboard or thick paper, and paper tubes lined with aluminum foil.
    A piece of very loose tobacco paper may be inserted into the mouthpiece. Such a segment can be located directly behind the heat-conducting element, which contains aerosol-forming material. If it is desired that a piece of collected carbon paper be embedded in the mouthpiece, in particular in order to introduce a menthol flavor into the aerosol. Suitable pieces of collected carbon paper are described in European patent application Ns 342538.
    The very tip of the smoking article extending into the mouth preferably includes a filter element or a filter tip, in particular for aesthetic reasons. Preferred filter elements are low efficiency elements that do not create a tangible barrier to aerosol exit. Suitable filter materials include low-performance cellulose acetate or polypropylene tow, and 35 molded polypropylene materials also made with obstructions or cavities. Acceptable filter elements can be accomplished by collecting a non-woven polyethylene web 40 designated PP-100-F and supplied by Kimberly-Clar :: Corp. using the filter rod forming apparatus described in Example 1 of US Pat. No. 4,807,809 to Pryor and 45 Other useful filter media may be high denier cellulose acetate (low density). supplied by Tennessee Eastman.
    As described above, smoking articles according to the present invention include many types of tobacco. The types of tobacco may vary, with more than one type of tobacco often being introduced into a particular embodiment 55. For example, along with a tobacco-glass wrapper surrounding the hot element, tobacco can also be introduced into the hot element itself. As mentioned above, tobacco can also be placed ___ inside the aerosol forming agents
    183603 "and / or inside the mouthpiece so that the various components with the aroma of tobacco are moved so as to stretch the aerosol passing through the mouthpiece. The type of tobacco is variable and includes the non-seasonally fermented tobaccos of Belly, Merliden and Oriental, rare and specialty tobaccos, as well as mixtures thereof.
    One form of tobacco is a cut tobacco filler, for example, a tobacco filler in the form of strands or flaps having a width of about 1/20 inch to 1/40 inch and a length of about 1/4 inch to 3 inches. Tobacco chopped filler may be formed from tobacco plates treated with tobacco stems, including stalks cut into rollers or layers, or from transformed tobacco material. Chopped filler is usually introduced into the composition of the cigarette in the form of a cylindrical roller, or a portion of the tobacco material, which is wrapped with brown paper. The rods or rollers of the chopped filler can be formed by applying a method and apparatus for manufacturing cigarette rods, which are well known in the art. Tobacco chopped filler can also be incorporated into aerosol forming agents, if desired. As described above, this type of chopped filler is typically used to enclose aerosol forming agents in preferred cigarettes according to this invention.
    Another form of tobacco that is widely used in this invention is tobacco paper. Along with its use in a tobacco / glass wrap intended for a combustible element, tobacco paper, for example in the form of a paper web of type P-114-B supplied by Kimberly Clary Corporation, can be freely assembled into a cylindrical section in the manner described in Example 2 of US Pat. No. 4807809 (Prior and others). Such cylindrical sections of collected tobacco paper may be embedded (I) in a cigarette or cigarette container in order to act as a base for aerosol forming material and / or (II) inside the mouthpiece of the cigarette. If desired, tobacco paper may line the inside of the mouthpiece of the smoking article.
    The other one. the form of tobacco used here is finely ground tobacco material. This type of tobacco includes tobacco dust and finely ground tobacco flakes. Typically, finely ground valuable tobacco material is held by a base that is located inside a capsule or container of a cigarette. However, finely ground tobacco material can also be incorporated into the fuel element.
    Another type of tobacco used is tobacco extract. Extracts can be obtained by any of a certain number of methods known to specialists in this industry. Tobacco extract is usually obtained by extracting the tobacco material using a solvent, for example, water, carbon dioxide, hexafluoride, a hydrocarbon such as hexane or ethanol, a halocarbon, for example, commercially available freon, or other organic and inorganic solvents. Tobacco extracts may include spray dried or freeze dried tobacco extracts, tobacco aromatic oils and tobacco essences. Methods of obtaining acceptable tobacco extracts are given in US patent No. 4506682 (Muller), European patents No. 326370 and 338831 and application for US patent No. 346042, filed May 2, 1989, which are incorporated herein by reference.
    Typically, at least one tobacco extract is held uniformly by the base of the cigarette of the present invention over the cut tobacco filler, with the tobacco paper and filter can be located anywhere else inside the cigarette. In addition, tobacco extract can be introduced into a combustible element,
    The entire length of the smoking article or any part thereof may be covered by cigarette paper. Preferred papers that enclose the heat-conducting element should not allow the occurrence of an open flame during the use of the smoking article, should have controlled friction properties, and should also create gray ash. Examples of cigarette paper are described in US Pat. No. 4,779,631 (Dewroscher et al.) And European Patent No. 304766. Acceptable paper wrappers having the designations P1981-152, P1981124 and P1224-63 are available from Kimberly-Clark Corp. The end paper may cover the very end of the smoking article introduced into the mouth. Acceptable end papers include non-porous end papers treated with a non-stick material or other materials known to the specimen.
    a flowing element through the walls of the capsule or container to the aerosol forming materials stored therein. Capsule usually
    It looks like a cylindrical tube, open.
    left from the front end to allow the rear part of the fuel element to enter, and closed from the end facing the mouth. The closed end of the capsule has one or Smaller openings to allow passage of vaporizing aerosol forming material formed by heating from a fuel element into the mouthpiece 10.
    The combustible element 12 is surrounded by a large number of concentric rings (or 15 bands) of tobacco-containing material and fiber insulating material, preferably fiberglass. As shown in Fig. 1 A, the preferred embodiment comprises four 20 belt systems, including: a first layer of fiberglass 100, an adjacent outer periphery of the fuel element 2; a first tobacco-containing sheet material 102, a second fiberglass layer 25 04, an adjacent first tobacco-containing sheet 102, a second tobacco-containing sheet material 106, an outer paper wrapper 108.
    In embodiments, cigarettes. 30 (made according to the present invention, the fiber insulating material typically has a thickness of about 0.6-1.5! M, and preferably about 1.2 mm. The thickness of the tobacco-containing sheet material is usually about 09-0.17 mm, and preferably 0.13 mm. (For other smoking articles, qualified specialists can change the thickness of each 40 component if necessary.
    Aerosol forming agents 14 are preferably surrounded by a rod, roller or other form of tobacco 20, usually in the form of a cut filler. This section of the tobacco is heated, but without unnecessary combustion, through heat from the hot element, and this leads to the release of components with the aroma of tobacco into the aerosol during the use of the smoking article. 50 This tobacco cut also provides. the elasticity of cigarettes, which in the manufacture of cigarettes promotes the use of high-speed production equipment. 55 'Base 18, which holds or removes (removes aerosol forming materials in aerosol forming agents, may have various Forms. One or more kinds of base material may be introduced into the capsule or container 16. For example, the base may include (I) aluminum beads which preferably retain glycerol and tobacco extract and which are located close to the rear side of the fuel cell, (II) compressed or otherwise compacted tobacco, carbon and / or alumina containing one or more aromatic e materials and / or tobacco extracts and glycerin, and / or (III) collected tobacco paper that carries glycerin and tobacco extract and is wrapped in a bound paper wrapper. Other materials that can be used as a base are well known to those skilled in the art. .
    As described above, the combination of the fuel element and the aerosol-forming capsule or container can be separated from the mouthpiece 22 by an empty space 24. This empty space can be 5-30 mm, and preferably about 10-15 mm, with the necessary adjustment with respect to the sizes of the other components of the mouthpiece . This empty space has two main functions: it provides the ability to cool the hot gases leaving the aerosol forming agents before they reach the smoker, and it helps to create visible smoke by acting as a chamber to form aerosol crystallization centers. Alternatively, the empty space may not be fulfilled, that is, the space shown may be filled, for example, with flavoring additives, low-efficiency filter materials, and the like.
    The mouthpiece 22 preferably has such dimensions and configuration that it can abut the front end of the assembly containing the fuel element in the shell and the capsule with a simple paper wrapper. As an option, the outer end of the mouthpiece can be made of any available material, for example, of metal foil — coated paper tubes, molded plastic, heavy paper, and the like.
    Inside the tubular mouthpiece 22 near the empty space 24 is a roller. 26 from tobacco-containing sheet material, or from carbon-filled sheet material containing a flavoring substance, for example, menthol, or another flavor source, preferably covered by a vow of paper. Also inside the mouthpiece nt> lit11 there is a low-efficiency filter 28 located at the very end of the cigarette and including filter material, for example, a assembled cloth of non-woven polypropylene fibers covered by a clogging wrap. If desired, the cigarette mouthpiece may be surrounded by a paper tip to connect the mouthpiece to the front end. In addition, if desired, a ring with perforations for passing air can be made near the very end of the cigarette, which is inserted into the mouth, this being done using known laser or mechanical technology,
    When using a cigarette, a smoker lights a hot element 12, which burns with heat. The generated heat is transferred through thermal conductivity and / or convention to the capsule 16, which surrounds one end of the fuel element. The heat from the capsule, which is in contact with the core 18 and the aerosol forming material, contributes to the volatilization of the aerosol forming material. During the puff of the smoker, the heated air passes into the capsule, where it comes into contact with the base 18. This is the added heat acting on the aerosol forming material. leads to its volatilization. The volatilized material exits the capsule through openings (not shown) in its end wall. Then, the drawn-in air and volatilizing materials are cooled as they pass through the mouthpiece. Depending on the specific aerosol forming material, a visible smoke-like aerosol is created. Preferably, the drawn-in air and the escaping material pass through the skull flavoring materials located in the mouthpiece, taking away the flavoring components from it, and finally enter the smoker's mouth.
    An insulating tobacco / glass wrap intended for a fuel element can be made by conventional methods known to those skilled in the art. One of the preferred methods involves covering the hot element / capsule assembly or cartridge with a shell of insulating material containing tobacco / glass, the length of which is about 15 mm. One of the preferred tobacco / glass insulating shells consists of two layers of Ouzi-Corning glass layer with one sheet of transformed tobacco paper located between two layers of glass and a second sheet of transformed tobacco paper coated with an outer layer of glass. One of the preferred converted tobacco sheets, designated P2674-157 and manufactured by Kimberly-Clark Corp., is a paper sheet containing a blended tobacco extract. The width of the preferred converted tobacco sheets prior to formation is 19 mm (inside) and 26.5 mm (outside). The final diameter of this preferred sheathed cartridge is of the order of 7.5 mm.
    A preferred concentric insulating shell of tobacco / glass can be made using a modified version of the device described in US patent Ns 4893637 (Hancock and others), which is mentioned here only by reference. The modified device includes a large number of bobbins containing both glass and tobacco-containing material located between the layers of glass. A qualified person will appreciate that by using this device any number of different layers of glass and / or tobacco can be made by simply changing the location of the bobbins or their contents.
    Alternatively, tobacco and glass can be combined into a single unit by wet laying or air laying. An air-curing process is preferred when tobacco is included in the mixture, since a tobacco-flavored component may be lost during the wet-curing process. The formation of a single tobacco / glass mat provides the ability to control the peripheral air flow through the material to the combustible element. In addition to surrounding the fuel element, this single mat can also surround the heat-conducting capsule for aerosol-forming agents.
    The amount of tobacco in such a single casing may be 1 to 99% by weight, preferably 40-70%, and preferably 50-60%, by weight. The preferred glass used to form the tobacco / glass wrap is E-glass, obtained from Owens Corning.
    As described above, the manufacture of an insulating sheath according to the present invention can be accomplished using conventional papermaking technology, which those in the industry can appreciate. Such methods include wet styling and air styling.
    When wet laid, the tobacco as a whole in the form of a cut filler is mixed in recycled water with fiberglass.
    I Preferred wrapper for the end of a fuel element of cigarettes according to the invention. described in the pending application addressed to Bernes et al., No. 39160 of a patent attorney document entitled A Smoking Item with Improved Wrap, filed August 28, 1990. The wrapper described there, which covers at least a portion of the insulating material around the fuel element, contains highly porous | paper treated with a flame retardant in an amount sufficient to prevent the burning of a significant amount of the cellulosic content of the paper during smoking, while maintaining intact Nost the front end attraction of its use. This application is hereby incorporated by reference only.
    Below the present invention will be illustrated with reference to the following examples, which will help to understand the essence of the invention, but which do not imply the imposition of any restrictions on it. Unless otherwise indicated, all percentages shown are weight percentages.
    I
    s. All temperatures are expressed in degrees .elsius.
    Example 1. Cigarettes, in fact, which are shown in FIG. 1, are made as follows.
    The manufacture of a source of combustion.
    In general, a cylindrical combustible element with a length of 9 mm and a diameter of 4.5 mm and having an apparent (volumetric) density of the order of 1.02 g / cm 3 is made of 72 parts of carbon obtained from pulp of solid wood of wood having particles with an average diameter of the order of 12 microns, in the order of 20 parts of mixed tobacco dust, subjected to off-season fermentation and oriented, while the dust 1 has a fineness of approximately 200 units according to Tyler, and 8 parts of a binder of Hercules 7HF CMC.
    Carbon from pulp of hardwood is produced by carbonization of talc-free Kraft paper Grand Prairie Canadian from heavy woods with a nitrogen sublayer, with a stepwise increase in temperature sufficient to minimize paper oxidation, to a final carbonization temperature of about 750 ° C. The resulting carbon material is cooled by nitrogen to a temperature of less than 35 ° C. and then crushed into a fine powder with an average particle diameter of 12 microns. __
    The cardboard from hardwood in the form of a fine powder is mixed with tobacco dust, a binder from sodium carboxymethylcellulose and a sufficient 5 amount of water to create a mixture that has a dense, pasty-like appearance.
    Fuel cells are extruded by using a plunger extruder from a paste so that 10 do not have 5 equally spaced peripheral channels in the form of slots or grooves, each of which has a depth of about 0.032 inches and a width of about 0.016 ^ inches. The configuration of the channels, which pass in the longitudinal direction through the fuel element, is shown in Fig. 2.
    Obtained by extrusion, the product is dried in air to obtain an elastic object, which is cut into segments 20 with a length of 9 mm, and combustible elements are obtained.
    Making the basics. The base is a compacted material of individual particles containing 45 parts of 25 sintered alpha-aluminum D2-2600, supplied in powder form by the company U. R. Grace and Co. and having an average particle diameter of 15 μm, 15 parts of carbon powder with an average particle diameter of 30 15 μm, and even a mixed tobacco dust with fineness of approximately 200 units of Tyler, 10 parts of encapsulated tobacco dust with fineness of approximately 200 units of 35 Tyler, 19 parts of glycerin and 1 part aromatic substances. The base is created by extruding a paste consisting of the above composition onto a rapidly rotating disk, which leads to the formation of small rough spherical balls from the base material. This process and device for its implementation are shown in US patent No. 4893639 (White).
    Cartridge Assembly. The hollow metal 45 container is made of aluminum using a metal drawing process. The container has a length of about 30 mm, an outer diameter of about 4.6 mm and an inner diameter of about 4.4 mm. One end 50. of the container is open, and the other is sealed, with the exception of two slot-shaped openings, the size of which is 0.65x3.45 • and which are separated from each other at a distance of 1.14 mm.
    About 340 mg of base is loaded into the container. Then, a fuel element is inserted into an open container to a depth of about 2 mm. The combustible element, as such, extends approximately 7 mm beyond the open end of the container.
    Insulating sheath. A plastic tube with a length of 15 mm and a diameter of 4.5 mm is wrapped with an insulating shell material, the length of which is also 15 mm. In these cigarette embodiments, the insulating shell consists of 2 layers of Owens Corning C-glass mat, each of which is about 1 mm thick before being compressed by the sheathing machine, and then their thickness is 0.6 mm. Between the two layers of C-glass is one sheet of transformed tobacco paper with a thickness of 0.13 mm, and a second sheet of converted tobacco paper with a thickness of 0.13 mm covers the outer layer of glass. The transformed tobacco paper sheet designated P2674-157 and supplied by Kimberly-Clark Corp. is a paper-like sheet containing mixed tobacco extract. The width of the converted tobacco sheets prior to formation is 19 mm for the inner sheet and 26.5 mm for the outer sheet. The final diameter of the enclosed plastic tube is 7.5 mm.
    Tobacco movie. A tobacco roll, consisting of a Burley mixture spaced out of volume, subjected to off-season fermentation and oriented chopped tobacco filler, is wrapped in paper designated P1487-125 and supplied by Kimberly-Clark Korya. This forms a tobacco roller with a diameter of about 7.5 mm and a length of about 22 mm. See U.S. Patent Application No. 07 / 505-339, filed April 5, 1990, relating to a preferred process for producing spaced tobacco.
    Front end assembly. The insulating envelope portion and the tobacco rod are connected to each other by a paper wrapper designated P2674-190 and Supplied by Kimberly-Clark Corp., which covers the length of the tobacco-glass envelope portion and also covers the tobacco roll. The end of the tobacco roll in the mouth is drilled to create longitudinal channels passing through it, the diameter of which is 4.6 mm. The tip of the drill is made in such a way that it fits into the plastic tube in the insulating shell and comes into contact with it. The cartridge assembly is inserted from the front end of the combined insulating shell and tobacco roll at the same time. when the drill and hooked plastic tube are retracted from the end of the roller entering the mouth. The cartridge assembly is introduced until then. ’The current being healed by the horses of the fuel cell will not be aligned with the front end of the insulating sheath. The total length of the resulting front end assembly is of the order of 37 mm.
    Mouthpiece. The mouthpiece includes a cylindrical part 20 mm long, made of loosely assembled tobacco paper, and a cylindrical part 20 mm long, from a assembled web made of nonwoven propylene, obtained by blowing in the molten state, each of these materials including an outer paper shell. Each of the parts is provided with subdivided rods made by using the device described in US Pat. No. 4,807,809 (Prior et al.).
    The first part has a diameter of the order of 7.5 ’mm and is made of a loosely assembled tobacco paper sheet designated D1140-GN and supplied by Kimberly-Clark Corp., which is surrounded by a paper clogging 'wrapper designated P1487-. 184-2 and supplied by Kimberly Clark Corp.
    The second part has a diameter of the order of 7.5 mm and is made of a assembled nonwoven polypropylene fabric designated PP-100 and supplied by Kimberly-Clark Corp., which is surrounded by a paper clogging wrapper designated P1487184-2 and supplied by Kimberly-Clark Corp.
    The two parts are centered in the axial direction and adjoin the ends, and are joined by covering each part with a paper wrapper labeled L-1377-196F and supplied by Simpson Link Company, Vicksburg, Michigan. The mouthpiece length is about 40 mm.
    The final assembly of the cigarette. The front end assembly coincides along the axis and adjoins the mouthpiece along the end, so that the container end of the front end assembly is close to the part of the mouthpiece made of collected tobacco paper. The front end assembly is connected to the mouthpiece by covering part of the mouthpiece and 5 mm of the front end assembly adjacent to the mouthpiece with end paper.
    Use. When used, a smoker lights a fuel element with a lighter and starts burning a fuel element. The smoker inserts the end of the cigarette between the lips and takes a puff. A visible aerosol having a tobacco aroma is drawn into the smoker's mouth.
    183 603 (D; Example 2. Cigarettes were made as follows.
    The combustion source is made as in Example 1. The base is made in the same way as in Example 1. The cartridge assembly is made in
    in τέκ. as in example 1.
    The assembled combination of fuel element / capsule is wrapped at the end of the fuel element with insulating material 0 '
    Them;
    C-glass mat Owens Corning and a second layer of transformed tobacco paper. A C-glass mat is placed on top of the tobacco paper, on which is placed a piece of gold with a length of 15 mm. zoning debris begins in the form of an atrial of 2 layers, with the first layer of the nth node. The shell is formed by spiral winding of two layers around a cartridge unit like a jelly-like convolution. The final diameter of the 20 valuable 8 cladding of the fuel element is about 7.5 mm.
    } Tobacco movie. The tobacco roll consists of a Verli mixture spaced in volume, Subjected to off-season fermentation, and Orientation of the chopped tobacco filler wrapped in paper designated F'1487-125 and supplied by Kimberly Clark Corp., resulting in tobacco (core with a diameter of about 7.5 mm / length of the order of 22 mm, the introduction of the probe into the single end of the tobacco rod provides 25 described in US patent M · 4807809 (Prior and others).
    The first part, 7.5 mm in diameter, is formed from an assembled tobacco paper web. labeled P1440-GNA and supplied by Kimberly-Clark Corp., which is covered by a paper clogging wrapper labeled P14G7184-2 and supplied by Kimberly Clark Corp.
    The second part has a diameter of about 7.5 mm and is formed from a assembled nonwoven polypropylene web bearing the designation PP-100 and supplied by Kimberly-Clark-Corp., covered by a paper corking wrapper having the designation P1487-184-2 and supplied by Kimberly Clark Corp.
    The two parts coincide along the axis and adjoin the ends, and they are combined by covering each part along the length with a paper wrapper, designated L-1377196 and supplied by Simeon Pepe Company, Vicksburg, Michigan. The length of the mouthpiece is about 40 mm.
    The final assembly of the cigarette. The front end assembly is axially aligned with the mouthpiece and adjacent to it at the end, so that the container end of the front end assembly is close to the part of the mouthpiece made of collected tobacco paper. The front end node will connect receiving a longitudinal channel with a diameter of 4.5 mm, passing through the tobacco rod.
    Front end assembly. The container part of the insulated cartridge unit is inserted into the channel in the tobacco roll until the insulating shell gets used to one end of the tobacco rod. Then, the wrapped portion of the insulating shell and the tobacco rod are connected 1 each other with a paper wrapper designated P2674-190 and supplied by Kimberly-Clark Corp., which covers the portion of the glass-ta5aka shell, as well as part of the tobacco rod. The length of the resulting front end assembly is about 37 mm.
    Mouthpiece. The mouthpiece includes a 20 mm cylindrical portion of loosely assembled tobacco paper and a 20 mm cylindrical portion of the assembled nonwoven polypropylene web. obtained by blowing the melt, each of which includes an outer paper wrapper. Each of the parts is equipped with subdivided rods made by using the device, is pulled to the mouthpiece by covering the mouthpiece along its length and 5 mm of the front end assembly portion located near the mouthpiece with end paper.
    When using a cigarette, a smoker lights a fuel element with a lighter and the combustion of a fuel element begins. The smoker inserts the end of the cigarette between the lips and takes a puff. A visible aerosol having a tobacco aroma is drawn into the smoker's mouth.
    The present invention has been described in sufficient detail, including preferred embodiments thereof. However, it is obvious that qualified specialists on the basis of the presented description can make modifications or improvements to this invention without deviating from its essence and scope, which are defined in the above claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    Claim
    1. a smoking article comprising a combustible element, an insulating wrapper surrounding at least a portion of the outer periphery of the combustible element, characterized in that the insulating wrapper comprises at least two distinct distinct layers, wherein at least one layer is made of fibrous insulating material and at least one layer of tobacco-containing material.
    [2]
    2. Product pop, 1, characterized in that the insulating wrapper contains at least two layers of fibrous insulating material.
    [3]
    3. The product according to claim 2, characterized in that the layer of fibrous insulating material includes tobacco.
    [4]
    4. The product according to claim 2, characterized in that the insulating wrapper contains at least two layers of tobacco-containing material.
    [5]
    5. The product according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one layer of tobacco-containing material is made in the form of a sheet.
    [6]
    6. The product according to claim 5, with the exception that the sheet of tobacco-containing material is located between two layers of fibrous insulating material.
    [7]
    7. The product according to claim 6, characterized in that both layers of tobacco-containing material are made in the form of a sheet.
    [8]
    8. Product pop. 6, characterized in that the fibrous insulating material is a fiberglass.
    [9]
    9. The product according to claim 6. characterized in that the layers of tobacco-containing material and fiberglass insulating wrappers are located outside of the fuel element with alternating layers.
    [10]
    10. The product according to any preceding paragraph, characterized in that the combustible element contains carbon.
    IO
    类似技术:
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    SU1836038A3|1993-08-23|Smoking article
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EG19459A|1995-08-30|
    FI914046A0|1991-08-28|
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    CA2047358A1|1992-03-01|
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    FI93603C|1995-05-10|
    BG62548B2|2000-02-29|
    KR920003907A|1992-03-27|
    FI914046A|1992-03-01|
    PT98799A|1994-01-31|
    NO174871B|1994-04-18|
    ECSP910768A|1992-05-25|
    PL167299B1|1995-08-31|
    IE62373B1|1995-01-25|
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    FI93603B|1995-01-31|
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    LV10373A|1995-02-20|
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    IE912404A1|1992-03-11|
    CA2047358C|1995-12-19|
    HU213935B|1997-11-28|
    MY110505A|1998-07-31|
    AU633793B2|1993-02-04|
    NO174871C|1994-07-27|
    IL98772A|1994-08-26|
    LV10373B|1995-06-20|
    HRP940871B1|1999-08-31|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US07/576,751|US5065776A|1990-08-29|1990-08-29|Cigarette with tobacco/glass fuel wrapper|
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