• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:SU1782301A3
    申请号:SU904830234
    申请日:1990-05-24
    公开日:1992-12-15
    发明作者:Andre Le Lan；Zhoze De Freta
    申请人:Furs Pikar；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a grate drum designed, in particular, for incineration of waste and including a cascade of rollers driven in rotation around horizontal parallel axes. This drum has a frame in the form of a cylindrical stand, between the side walls of which there are spars located along generators located exactly on the periphery, as well as a tubular skin formed by many groups of circular rings, mainly in planes perpendicular to the axis in axial sequence from one side wall to the other. Combustion air inlet gaps are located
    I for supplying combustion air. The rings are divided into segments in the form of arched grates 6 (1-6). 6 (1-6) ', which are located between the side members. To limit the deflection of the grates, leaving a gap, they are hooked on one side with a groove on the wing of the spar, and abut with the protrusions 22 (1-6), 22 (1-6) 'of the insert, bolted longitudinally to the spar. The grates 6 (1-5), 6 (1-5) 'have, on their surface, adjacent to the insert, recesses, where the projections enter. The grates are thus engaged with a deflection limited in axial, radial and tangential directions with respect to the drum. 3 C.p. f-ly, 6 dwg
    between the rings, while the rings are divided into segments in the form of arcuate grates that mesh with a gap between two adjacent spars, and intermediate parts attached to the groups of rings and fixed to the spars to limit the axial deflection of the grates in the groups.
    The grates, formed by a cascade of rollers, are designed for the incineration of solid waste, household impurities and industrial waste. erratic structure, high moisture content and relatively low calorific value, because they cause displacement, spreading and flipping. SU, .., 1782301 AZ; burning layers, which descend along the cascade, and are suitable for supplying combustion air with an increased flow rate, favorable for drying waste at the entrance to the furnace and accelerating combustion, In all grates, elements on which combustible products are located are subject to very large thermal stresses between heating due to radiation and contact with combustible materials and cooling due to supplied air. The rollers contain skins made of heat-resistant castings installed with a gap on the supporting frame. The sheathing of the rollers of the rotating grate poses special challenges, since the sheathing is subject to thermal cycles of heating in the furnace for half a turn and cooling under the furnace for the rest of the journey. In addition, the elements of the casing, set in rotation by the drum, rotate with respect to the vertical, the direction of force, and gravity. Their engagement on the frame should keep them in three perpendicular directions - radial, circumferential or tangential and axial. · '
    Known grate drum, the frame of which has the shape of a cylindrical cage (European ^ / patent No. 30 0124826), between two side walls at its ends are iron spars 'in the form of T in the direction of the cells forming' at an equal '' '' angular distance, the vertical wall of the spars is in a plane passing through the axis of the drum and is directed to this axis. The elements of the skin are grate bars in the form of ring segments, each of which passes between two adjacent 40 spars, and follow one after the other around the circumference of the drum to form a ring in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the drum. The rings follow 'one after the other from one side wall to the other, and the combustion air supply hole is located between two successive rings, due to the' protruding ribs on the side surfaces of the grate. When the flanges of two axially adjacent grates come into contact, the minimum opening width is determined.
    The grate is a section perpendicular to the circumference of the ring, 55 in the form of a T with a vertical wall forming a rib directed to the scythe in a plane perpendicular to this axis, and the wings form a support surface for the combustible mass. The grate engagement is obtained by placing grooves at both ends of the wall into which the wings of the spar enter. To install the grate, detach (release) at least one side wall and string the grate parallel to the axis. The first grate bars can be represented as forming an angle with a plane perpendicular to the axis between the spars, so that the wall of the ears ·: 10 nick under the grooves passes between the wings of the spar. Then the grate is returned to its original position. / y '·')
    The rings are distributed in many groups and are placed between these groups. 15 intermediate rings. The intermediate rings are formed by the Parts in the form of annular segments, one end attached to the side member, while the other end is located directly on the side member 20 at the rear. This second end terminates in a rod (pin) that fits into a socket formed in the first end of the intermediate piece lying on the back. The intermediate pieces have at least one row of air inlets.
    Intermediate parts limit the axial movement of the group of rings with which they are adjacent, and allow the grate to be installed in the mustache, which makes it possible to disassemble without touching the side walls. '
    However, this arrangement is not entirely satisfactory, since the gaps in the group can be cumulative. Air inlets are more often clogged than openings between grates, their walls are not relatively mobile. The intermediate parts are long and at one end they are blocked over the void, forming an arch between the two spars, which makes them fragile, especially since they are necessarily subjected to thermal stress, mechanical cyclic and asymmetric.
    To eliminate these drawbacks, the drum of the grate, designed, in particular, for waste incineration, includes a cascade of rollers driven in rotation around horizontal parallel axes. The drum has a frame in the form of a cylindrical glue with spars located between two side walls, placed along generators exactly distributed along the periphery (circle), and a tubular skin formed by groups of rings, usually circular in planes perpendicular to the axis, sequentially along the axis from one side wall to the other, between the rings there are openings for the supply of combustion air, while the rings are divided into segments in the form of arcuate grates that engage with a gap between two adjacent spars, as well as intermediate parts connected (combined), respectively, with the groups of rings and fixed on the spars so as to limit the axial deviation of the grates in groups. Each intermediate piece is longitudinally fixed to the spar on the axial space (length) of the group of rings, between the adjacent ends of the grate. The intermediate piece and adjacent ends of the grate represent respectively additional devices for limiting the deviation of the ends of the grate in the axial, radial and tangential 20 directions.
    The intermediate parts are mounted longitudinally on the side members without overhanging and thus protected from thermal influences or mechanical shock. The groove connections ensure that each end of the grate, adjacent to the intermediate piece, is in such an average position relative to the frame that changes in the width of the holes between the rings are not cumulative, and the distribution of the combustion air remains consistent.
    Preferably, the number of spars is paired and they have a T-shaped profile. The grates have a 35-slot connection. At the first end, and at the second end, there is a socket in the vertical wall which engages on the wing of the spar. For each group of rings, there is one intermediate piece for a pair of spars - 40 rons.
    In a preferred arrangement, the intermediate parts, combined in successive groups, are alternately mounted on one and the other side member of the pair.
    The intermediate parts are preferably made in the form of a parallelepiped with two lateral sides,. parallel to the side member wall, and with the outer and inner sides parallel to the wings. The intermediate pieces consist of serrated projections on the lateral sides and taper from the outside to disappear into the lateral baffles. The protrusions are repeated along the direction. parallel to the axis, with a step corresponding to the width of the ring, increased by the width of the air inlet.
    The protrusions are preferably adjacent to portions of the spheres. The first ends of the grate have additional grooves located in the corners of the grate wings with a T-shaped section at the first end. The intermediate protrusions of the insert parts occupy the adjacent grooves of the two grates. At the corners of the insert, the projections are half of the intermediate projections.
    According to a preferred arrangement, the insert consists of two radially overlapping parts. The base is in the form of a parallelepiped, fixed directly to the spar and facilitates the installation of the grate during assembly. Then, the crowning part carrying the engagement projections is installed.
    Additional features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the description, given by way of example and by reference. The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, in which: Fig. 1 schematically shows a grate formed by a cascade of rollers; Fig. 2 is a partial sectional view of a drum casing according to the invention; in fig. 3 shows, in expanded form, a part of the skin according to the invention with an insert: FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a grate grate; FIG. 5 shows a row in perspective of an insert piece; in fig. 6 shows a cladding arrangement according to the invention in a partial scan.
    As shown in Fig. 1. the grate consists of a plurality of rollers 1, 2, 3, 4, which follow one after the other with a slope, the axes of which 1b, 2b, 3b, 4b are parallel and usually equal, the rollers rotate around their axes in this direction (here in the clockwise direction ' arrows) that is part of their circumference 1a. 2a, For. 4a. which is at the top, moves down the slope. In this case, a kayokad of four skating rinks is presented. > In practice, the cascades often contain five or six ice rinks. The grill thus forms a cascade connection, solid fuel such as urban waste scattered over the surface of the roller 1, while 50 ash and ash will be thrown by the lower roller 4 in the direction of the ash pan.
    To maintain combustion, air supporting combustion is supplied either from the side or from below into the mass of fuel through the gaps located around the circumference 1a, 2a, 3a, 4a of the rollers. In order to hold the mass of fuel and provide air access, the circumference of the rollers, as shown schematically on the roller 1 of FIG. 1, is lined with a heat-resistant metal sheathing made up of a sequence of rings separated by spaces (holes) (see FIG. 3) from one side wall 1c. 2s, Zs, 4s skating rink to another. The design and shape of the side walls are classic and are not specified here.
    The casing is subjected to temperature cycling with heating on contact with the combustible mass and cooling during the turnover between unloading at the 10th lower roller and unloading of the upper roller. Gap attach rings to the roller support structure. This gap exists in three directions: axial, radial and tangential.
    ... 'To reduce axial displacements of a group of rings, with more or less hollow cancellation of some distances, while others would expand, which would cause annoying irregularities in air distribution, these rings are distributed into groups G1, G2, G3, united by insert parts that limit the axial displacements of groups of rings ...
    The rings themselves are separated by approx. arms on arcuate grates, which engage with their ends to the spars, structures, forming a cylindrical cage, located from one side wall 1c, 2c, Zc, 4c of the roller to the other. : The side members are T-shaped with a vertical wall, the plane of which passes through the roller axis and is directed towards this axis. and wings located in a row of a plane tangent to the circle by references 5, 5 ', 5 ", 5 ' ;
    ’The grates have a T-shaped cross-section, with wings defining the outer surface of the sheathing, and the vertical wall is directed to the axis of the hut and is located in a plane perpendicular to this axis. The grooves in the wall at both ends of the grate cover the wings of two adjacent spars. The inserts, which maintain the 'independence of the grate groups, are circular arcs, which are fastened at one end to the wing of one spar, and mounted at the other end on an adjacent spar. ... 50
    -The grate is assembled before installing the insert rings, either string them on the side members, starting with the installation of the side wall (removed), or installing them in the mustache between the side members.
    As selected and shown in FIG. 2 and 3 location, spars 5, B *. 5, 5 'in pairs are located on the surface of the stand of the structure (here the spars are placed with an angular interval of a row of a plane tangent to the circle 35 of the stand. In Fig. 2, the spars are marked at 45 °). Grates 6, 6 ', b 1 ', b 1 '... in a circular sequence (Fig. 2) and 6 (1), 6 (1), 6 (2), 6 (2) 6 (3)', 6 (3) 6 (4), '6 (4), 6 (5),' 6 (5) 'in axial sequence in group G, with one end 7 adjoin the insert (intermediate) part 8, longitudinally bolted with spar 5, and attached at the second end 9 due to the connection of the groove 10 with the wing of the spar 5. The grates 6, 6 ', 6 6' ... successively follow one after the other around the circumference of the ring, in positions alternately inverted, so that grate bars are attached in the ring with their first end 7 on one side and on the other to the insert piece 8.
    The grate is (Fig. 4) a T-shaped section between the regions of its first 7 and second end 9, with an outer edge 20 11, which follows the skin cylinder and forms wings T, and a vertical wall 12, which forms a rib, in general. plane of the ring, of which the grate 6 is a part, perpendicular to the roller axis.
    The first end 7 of the grate 6 is transformed into an end surface in a plane parallel to the plane of the vertical wall of the spar, and is continued by the support surface 7a, capable of flattening on the roof of the spar 5 '(Fig. 2).
    In two corners of the outer surface 11 and the end surface 7 of the first end, there are recesses 13 13 in the form of a quarter '' hemisphere, the center of the hemisphere is in an imaginary corner. Under the abutment surface 7a there is a clutch face 14, which is connected to the abutment surface 7 of the shoulder. lump made to rest against the side member wing edge.
    The second end 9 is transformed into an end-. surface that overhangs the engagement groove 10.. ... ...
    Installation of the grate 6 between a pair of spars 5, 5 'is carried out by installing the groove 10 of the second end 9 of the grate on the wing of the spar 5, then installing the support surface 7a on the wing of the spar 5', then insert the insert (intermediate) part 8. I- ·.: · ..: ·
    The insert part (Fig. 5) has the shape of a parallelepiped with an outer surface 15 that goes flush with the skin cylinder, an inner surface 16 provided for laying flat on the spar, the outer and inner surfaces are elongated in relation to the grate drum, two side surfaces 17 and 18, corresponding to the end surfaces of the first end of the grate, and end along
    1782301 .10 tops 19 and 20. Two holes 21 and 21, perpendicular to the outer surface 15, provided for the passage of the fastening bolts of the insert 8 on the spar 1e ', protrude onto this outer surface with square socket for the bolt heads.
    Protruding on the side surfaces 17 and 18, twelve projections, respectively 22 (1), 22 (2), 22 (3), 22 (4), 22 (5), 22 (6) and 22 (1) ', 22 (2 ), '22 (3) *, 22 (4)', 22 (5) ', 22 (6)', abbreviated '22 (1 - 6), 22 (1 - 6)' 1 , start at the level of the outer surface 15 to shrink to disappear completely on the corresponding lateral surface. :
    The protrusions are supplemented with recesses 13 and 13 7 'in the end surface of the first end of the grate 7 (Fig. 2.4). The intermediate protrusions 22 (2 - 5), 22 (2 - 5) are half-hemispherical, while the protrusions of the end 22 (1), 22 (6), 22 (1) ', 22 (6)' are quarter-shaped <hemispheres ... The centers of the hemispheres are located on the ribs between the outer surface 15 and the side surfaces 17 and 18, and follow one after the other longitudinally with a step equal to the width of the grate 6 (taken parallel to the ί axis of the roller), increased by the width of the distance. ...
    The insert 8 defines the gap at the axial position of the first ends of the grate. in relation to the spar. It becomes impossible to accumulate gaps at one distance (hole). It limits the deviation of the grate 6 in the axial, radial and tangential directions.
    The insert 8 consists of two superimposed elements, the base '23, which rests on the spars 5', and the crown part 24.
    When assembling, the base 23 is installed first and fixed on the spar 5 ', then the grates are installed, and the end surface 7 of the first end is adjacent to the side surface 4 of the base. Then, the crown part 24 is lowered so that the protrusions enter the recesses 13, 13 'of the grate, and secure with a bolted connection.
    FIG. Figures 2 and 3 clearly illustrate that 5 one insert is used per rpytffiy G rings and per pair of 5,5 'side members. which in this case requires that the number of side members be paired.
    According to the arrangement shown in FIG. 6, insert parts are installed for 5 of each pair of side members alternately on one and on the other side member of this pair in the axial sequence of the groups of rings.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    1. The drum of the grate, with I0 holding the frame in the form of a cylindrical cage with T-spars located along the generatrix, a skin formed by segments installed with gaps in the form of arcuate grates, I5 meshed between two adjacent spars and insert parts fixed on the spars, from l and the idea is that, in order to limit the deviation in the axial, radial and tangential '0 directions, the insert parts are longitudinally fixed on every second spar between the adjacent ends of the grate and each of them is made of two parts superimposed on one another and has the shape of a 5th parallelepiped with two side surfaces parallel to the vertical wall of the spar and the outer and inner surfaces parallel to the wings of the spar, and each grate is made> 0 T-shaped in the plane passing through the axis of the drum.
    [2]
    2. A drum according to claim 1, with a cup of tea, with each insert piece consisting of a base with flat side walls,
    I5 fixed directly on the side member, and the crowning part fixed on the 'T5sn'vaniya. '/
    [3]
    3. The drum according to PP. 1 and 2, from l and often μη with the fact that on the side surfaces
    Ι0 of the crown part of the plug-in part has protrusions decreasing from the outer / surface, just this protrusion is made with a Step equal to the grate width and the gap. ...
    Ι5
    [4]
    4. Drum for π. 1, distinguished by the fact that each grate at the first end is made with recesses in the corners of the outer surface, and at the second end with a groove in the vertical wall, while the recesses are made in such a way that the recesses of two of adjacent grates, when engaging, are complemented by a protrusion of the insert part of the part.
    fie.Z
    Order 4291 Circulation Subscription
    VNIIPI of the State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee for Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushskaya nab., 4/5
    Production and Publishing Plant ‘Patent, Uzhgorod, Gagarin str., 101
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    PL163571B1|1994-04-29|
    CA2017451A1|1990-11-25|
    HU209632B|1994-09-28|
    HU903184D0|1990-10-28|
    SK278231B6|1996-05-08|
    HUT56936A|1991-10-28|
    FR2647532B1|1991-09-06|
    AT92604T|1993-08-15|
    CZ279417B6|1995-04-12|
    US5057011A|1991-10-15|
    EP0399898A1|1990-11-28|
    CS9002538A2|1991-10-15|
    DK0399898T3|1993-12-06|
    ES2043308T3|1993-12-16|
    FR2647532A1|1990-11-30|
    EP0399898B1|1993-08-04|
    引用文献:
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    RU185115U1|2018-07-03|2018-11-22|Александр Петрович Семенихин|STAFF|
    WO2020009620A1|2018-07-03|2020-01-09|Александр Петрович СЕМЕНИХИН|Grate|
    RU202135U1|2020-07-29|2021-02-03|Антон Александрович Максимов|ROTARY GRATE|US1831816A|1929-10-26|1931-11-17|Charles B Magrath|Heating device|
    US2501763A|1945-03-26|1950-03-28|Charles T Denker|Solid fuel furnace of the rotary grate progressive feed type|
    FR1286528A|1961-04-21|1962-03-02|Stadt Duesseldorf|Household waste incineration plant|
    DE1164014B|1962-05-25|1964-02-27|Ver Kesselwerke Ag|Grate roller for roller grate for waste incineration|
    DE1260665B|1967-05-23|1968-02-08|Ver Kesselwerke Ag|Grate covering for the grate rollers of a roller grate in waste incineration plants|
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    DE3316363C2|1983-05-05|1991-10-17|Deutsche Babcock Anlagen Ag, 4200 Oberhausen, De|
    DE3341835C2|1983-11-19|1990-08-09|Deutsche Babcock Anlagen Ag, 4200 Oberhausen, De|
    DE3420020C2|1983-12-23|1987-10-29|Muellverbrennungsanlage Wuppertal Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal, De|US5362230A|1993-03-24|1994-11-08|Italimpianti Of America, Inc.|Rolls for high temperature roller hearth furnaces|
    US5370530A|1993-03-24|1994-12-06|Italimpianti Of America, Inc.|Rolls for high temperature roller hearth furnaces|
    DE4316343A1|1993-05-15|1994-11-17|Babcock Energie Umwelt|Roller grate for incinerators|
    DE19952198A1|1999-10-30|2001-05-10|Bbp Environment Gmbh|Grating roller has axially parallel holders, outer casing, circle arc shaped bars, wide cylindrical heads, openings and side surfaces|
    CH697973B1|2005-06-10|2009-04-15|Alstom Technology Ltd|Grate roller.|
    ITVI20060060A1|2006-03-08|2007-09-09|B & B Elevators Srl|COMBUSTION CHAMBER|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR8906852A|FR2647532B1|1989-05-25|1989-05-25|FIREPLACE ROLL, IN PARTICULAR FOR WASTE INCINERATION, WITH TUBULAR TRIM FORMED BY RINGS OF BARS SEPARATED BY MAINTAINED WIDTH BLOWING INTERVALS|
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