前苏联专利SU1762746A3 Ice breaker

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专利摘要:
To improve the manoeuvrability of ships when sailing in ice-covered water both when sailing ahead and astern, the hull of an ice-breaking ship is provided with ice-breaking parts, such as reamers (30) or cutting edges, which are arranged on and project laterally from the ship's sides (21, 22) and preferably form the widest point of the underwater hull, in which arrangement the width of the underwater hull in the area of the ice-breaking parts of the ship, such as reamers (30) or cutting edges, can be removed entirely or partially during the operation of the ship by displacing or swinging the reamers (30) or cutting edges or parts of them out of the underwater area, as a result of which the underwater hull is designed in such a way that it can be reduced to a smaller width during the operation of the ship, preferably to the width of the part of the ship which adjoins the part of the ship carrying the reamers (30) or cutting edges. …<IMAGE>…
公开号:SU1762746A3
申请号:SU4356403
申请日:1988-09-14
公开日:1992-09-15
发明作者:Хелльманн Йенс-Хольгер；Хельшер Рихард；Якоб Янссен Херманн；Клееманн Альфред；Рупп Карл-Хайнц；Шварц Йоахим；Варгес Гюнтер；Ваас Хайнрих
申请人:Тиссен Нордзееверке, Гмбх (Фирма)；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

The invention relates to icebreaking vessels, in particular to vessels with devices for increasing maneuverability.
Known icebreaking vessel containing located on the sides of the vessel in its lower part and protruding to the side from the sides of the ice-breaking elements, forming the widest places of the underwater part of the hull.
The disadvantage of the known vessel is the low maneuverability in a solid ice field.
The purpose of the invention is to increase the maneuverability of the vessel.
For this, the ice-breaking elements or their parts are installed with the possibility of turning or extending from the grooves made in the hull of the vessel, forming in the retracted position a single surface with the onboard lining of the vessel.
Ice destructive elements can be installed with the ability to rotate around horizontal axes, longitudinally oriented axes, as well as with the ability to move along the hull.
In addition, the pivoting and sliding elements, the ice-breaking elements are installed in the aft part of the vessel, and the bottom of the hull in the middle part along its width behind the propulsive and control organs, as well as behind the fodder tooth, is made in cross section in the form of a stepped surface rising from the diametral planes to the sides, with the edges of the steps oriented in the longitudinal direction,
FIG. 1 shows a view of the hull of the vessel from the bottom in a graphic image with a bow made in the form of a pontoon, and with ice-breakers and cutting edges located in the bow area, FIG. 2 is a partial vertical section of a part of the hull with a recess in it for turning around the upper axis of the forest
with
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with
up to the open position; in fig. 3 - with an ice break in a retracted position; in fig. 4 shows a partial vertical section of a part of the hull with a recess for ice breaker turned in it, rotated around the lower axis (the ice break is in the open (tilted) position); in fig. 5 - the bow part of the ship hull, partly in the profile projection with ice breaker pivoted around the horizontal axis, reduced in accordance with the characteristics of the contours of the frames; in fig. 6 is an enlarged vertical section according to FIG. five; in fig. 7 is a schematic side view of the bow of the vessel with an ice break in the nasal area consisting of fixed and rotatable parts; in fig. 8 - target frame in the bow of the vessel with ice breaker moving in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vessel (in the retracted position); in fig. 9 - ice breaker according to FIG. 8 in working position; in fig. 10 is a partial top view of the bow of the icebreaking vessel, with one of the embodiments protruding from the side of the ice breaker and with a recess for placing the ice breaker in the hull of the vessel; in fig. 11 is a partial top view of the bow of the vessel with another embodiment of the ice breaker protruding from the side; in fig. 12 is a side view of the stern of the vessel with protruded ribbed structures formed in the stern zone; in fig. 13 is a bottom view of the stern of the vessel; in fig. 14 - view of the hull; in fig. 15 is a side view of the stern of the vessel with protruding ribbed structural surfaces of the stern in the stern zone behind the stern tooth made at the stern; FIG. 16 is a bottom view of the vessel's stern; in fig. 17 - the stern of the vessel.
The nasal part 1 of the hull i of the icebreaking vessel (see Fig. 1) has a pontoon-like part 3, to which the V-shaped part of the underwater bow of the vessel adjoins. The pontoon-like part 3 of the nose of the vessel in front is inclined forward.
The vessel has in the fore part a frontal surface 4 extending a considerable part of the width of the vessel and tilted forward upwards. This frontal surface 4 is bounded on the outer side edges by two longitudinal slightly curved side edges 5 located in the hull of the vessel or slightly protruding to the side from under the vessel hull above them. Lobova surface 4 in the front-back direction is made with
rising across the vessel vaulted or curved down.
In the hull 2 of the vessel (Fig. 1), the lower side of the frames 6 between the two lateral edges 5 from the point of the vessel in which the front surface 4 in the center plane 7 of the vessel reaches the bottom 8 of the vessel at least near the near-plane 9, is made backwards again with decreasing across the vessel vaulted or arched down. The side edges 5 thus extend through most of the length of the vessel in the form of a rib-shaped thickening 10 further back. These rib-like bulges come to the rear of the side curbs of the propeller tunnels.
The side edges 5 of the pontoon-shaped part 3 of the hull nose 2 of the vessel in the area of the nose part 1 are provided with icebreaking ship parts protruding from the sides 11, 12 of the vessel, such as ice breakers, cutting edges, etc., which can be mobile or stationary.
The side edges 5 in the bow of the vessel, at least one segment below the structural waterline 13 s of two lateral limiting planes parallel to the vessel plane, are arranged so that together they describe the widest place of the underwater vessel shape. The front surface 4 tilted forward upward in the middle zone of its longitudinal position has near, below the structural waterline 13, the lower limiters of the frames extending approximately horizontally across the vessel, due to which the front surface approximately forms a plane in this zone. The side edges 5 extend forward beyond the frontal surface 4 and above of the constructive waterline 13 and go into two catamaran-shaped bows, in relation to which the vessel's shape in the zone of the diametral plane 7 retreats backwards and rises up more steeply than the two bows 14. The frame the vessel at least over the lateral edges extending in the longitudinal direction is formed by concave frames. The stern part is designated with the position 15. However, the icebreaking parts protruding off the sides of the icebreaker parts can also be equipped with other types of bow and stern parts of the icebreaking vessels.
Each side of the vessel is provided with an icebreaker 16 as an icebreaker protruding from the vessel’s side, and instead of an icebreaker 16, a cutting edge can also be provided for the vessel hulls. Cutting edges located on both
in this case, the sides of the vessel protrude beyond the limits of the underwater width of the vessel and form the widest part of the hull that comes into contact with the ice.
Icebreakers 16 are located on the sides of ships in such a way that the width of the ship hull or ship hull is in its widest zone, i.e., in the nose section in which the ice breakers 16 are installed by pushing in, swiveling, turning, lifting, etc. The ice breaker 16 can be reduced to a lesser width during the vessel’s operation. Icebreakers 16 are made in the form of longitudinal bodies and are located in the recesses 17 of the hull sides.
According to FIG. 2 and 3 in the vessel hull board 11 there is a recess 17 in which the ice breaker 16 is located, made in the form of a rod-shaped profile body or a bulk body. The recess 17 is held in the direction longitudinal to the ship's hull, its length corresponds to the length of the ice breaker 16.
The transverse profile of the recess 17 corresponds to the cross-sectional profile of icebreaker 16, so that after icebreaker 16 enters the recess intended for it, it is completely placed in this recess and lies within the plane formed by the surface of the ship's side.
To push or retract, retract or retract, open or close each ice breaker 16, hydraulic, electrical, mechanical or otherwise made movement devices 18 are installed in the vessel's hold in such a way as to ensure perfect operation of the ice breaker 16. The propulsion device (see Fig. 2, 3, 8, 9) is designed as a hydraulic working cylinders, however, acceptable propulsion devices may be provided, made in a different way.
Icebreaker 16 has a transverse profile in the form of a rectangular triangle, which is preferred by all variants, and is fixed on board 11 of the vessel with its upper part at point 19 and can be rotated around an approximately horizontal swing axis, the swing axis corresponding to the constructive inclination of the nose 1 of the ship. Icebreakers 16 on both sides of the hull are installed with the possibility of rotation around the axes, oriented in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the vessel.
At the same time, the ice breaker 16 is located in its recess so that, in the retracted position, the base surface forming side 20 of the ice breaker cross-section lies in the plane formed by the surface of the ship’s bead. At the same time, the position of ice break 16 and, therefore, ice break,
located on the other side of the hull, the icebreaking vessel is ready to pass the lock and to sail in ice-free water. In the working position, i.e., when passing through the ice field, the leaves are taken as shown in FIG. 2 extended position. The outer edges 21 of the ice breaker 16 are sharp, rounded or beveled (Fig. 2). The rounded shape of the outer edge of the ice breaker.
5 16 shown at position 22.
It is also possible to position the protruding movable parts of the vessel like icebreakers 16, etc., not only in the bow of the vessel, but also in the stern.
0 15 vessels, which in this case will complement the protruding moving parts located in the fore part 11 of the vessel.
While in the embodiment of FIG. 2 and 3 with icebreaker 16 installed with
5 can be rotated around an axis 19 located in the upper zone of the ship’s bead 11; FIG. 4 shows another possibility of installing ice breaker 16, namely, on the swing axis located in the lower zone of the collar 11
0 ship.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the icebreaker 16 located on the board 11 has a configuration corresponding to the shape of the frame contour, indicated
5 with the number 23. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 24 denotes a cutting edge line, and reference numeral 25 designates a lower cutting edge when the icebreaker 16 is turned down from a raised position. Icebreaker profile at the bottom
Part 0 is shown in FIG. 6
FIG. 7, the letter A denotes the zone of the advanced ice breaker 16. The other zone, indicated by the letter B, is the shape matching zone, this zone
5 can be designed as a suitably made back section 17 of the icebreaker 16, wherein the notch in the ship’s side corresponds to the total length of the icebreaker 16, in this case there is also the possibility of a shape matching area to perform or form in the vessel’s board 11, starting from the icebreaker 16 without increasing as a result, the widths of the flanges 11, 12 in the ice break zone 16. In FIG. 7, position 26 denotes an ice field.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. In the 7th embodiment, the icebreaker 16 in the ship's side is made of two parts and consists of one moving part 20 and one fixed part 27, which, despite its fixed position, is made so that both parts form a single profile. The moving part 20 of the ice breaker 16 is connected by means of an axis 28 to the fixed part 20 or fixed on the axis provided in the hull of the vessel.
Icebreakers 16, as shown in FIG. 10 may have a transverse profile that evenly extends over the entire length, with the entire profile being consistent with the shape of the side surface of the vessel. In addition, it is also possible to perform the ice breaker 16 in such a way that from the extended position, the ice breakers 30 with their sections opposite to the bow of the vessel, as shown in FIG. 11, they passed into the surfaces of the vessel’s sides, and this form of construction also makes it possible for the icebreaker 16 to unilaterally pivotally pivot the axle 28 to the vessel’s board 11 or 12, thereby allowing the ice breaker to be pushed in or pushed out by means of the appropriate actuators 18. In this case the recess 17 in the side of the vessel 11, 12 for placing the ice breaker 16 in it should be made accordingly.
According to another embodiment of the invention in FIG. 12-14 feed 29 of the hull 2 of the vessel is designed so that when the vessel is in reverse through the continuous ice field, at least three ice breaking zones occur in this ice field, and the two outer zones have a uniform breaking pattern, resulting from the execution of the feeding boards in a similar way to the fore part of the vessel, while the middle ice breaking zone, within which the vessel's navigation and control organs 30 are located in the stern 15, due to the change in the performance of the middle section 31 of the stern 29 when reversing ice field from the lateral breaking zones by at least two extending adjacent stripes breaking ice. FIG. 12, 14, 32, 33, and 34 denote the ribbed structures at the stern 15, while in FIG. 35 marked the snake. FIG. 14, the aft at the stern 15 of the hull 2 of the vessel is marked 36
According to FIG. 15-17 of the embodiment, protruding ridge structures 37 of the stern surface are located along the hull of the vessel behind the known forage tooth 38, which, during reversal, removes debris of ice from the area of the vessel's movement and control organs 30.

权利要求:
Claims (5)
[1]
1. An icebreaking vessel containing rested on the sides of the vessel at its bottom
parts and ice-breaking elements protruding from the sides, forming the widest places of the underwater part of the ship hull, characterized by
that, in order to increase the maneuverability of the vessel, the ice-breaking elements or their parts are installed with the possibility of rotation or extension of the recesses made in the hull of the vessel, forming in the
position a single surface with the onboard lining of the vessel.
[2]
2. A vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that the ice-breaking elements are installed on the sides of the vessel so as to
turning around horizontal axes.
[3]
3. Vessel on PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that the ice-breaking elements are installed with the possibility of turning relatively longitudinally oriented
axles
[4]
4. Vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that the ice-breaking elements are mounted for movement along the hull.
[5]
5. Vessel pop. 1, different
the fact that the pivoting and sliding ice-breaking elements are installed in the stern of the vessel.
6, The vessel of claim 1, wherein
the fact that the bottom of the hull in the middle part of its width behind the moving and controlling bodies, as well as behind the stern tooth, is made in cross section in the form of a stepped surface,
ascending from the diametral plane to the sides, with ego, the edges of the steps are oriented in the longitudinal direction.
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Editor T.Sharganova
Compiled by O. Vasilyeva
Tehred M.MorgentalKorrektor O.Gusti

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法律状态:
2005-05-10| REG| Reference to a code of a succession state|Ref country code: RU Ref legal event code: MM4A Effective date: 20030915 |

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

DE8802053U|DE8802053U1|1988-02-18|1988-02-18|

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