• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    This invention relates to electrometallurgy alcmini. The purpose of the invention is to reduce energy consumption in the cathode device and increase its service life. The cathode device includes carbon blocks 3 with steel current-carrying rods 5. The carbon blocks are installed with longitudinal sides parallel to the longitudinal walls of the casing of the electrolyzer. Carbon blocks are connected in two in the form of semi-modules, whose width is equal to half the width of the bottom. The bottom of the cathode device is made of four semi-modules. The use of the invention stabilizes the layer of liquid aluminum, significantly reduces the distance between the anode and the cathode. The area of the cathode working surface increases. At the same time, a large cross section of the steel rod and a large contact area of carbon with the steel are provided. 2 hp f-ly, In Il., 1 tab. WITH
    公开号:SU1342427A3
    申请号:SU853905449
    申请日:1985-06-12
    公开日:1987-09-30
    发明作者:Лангон Бернар
    申请人:Алюминиюм Пешине (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    ten
    1 1342427
    This invention relates to aluminum electrometallurgy.
    The purpose of the invention is to reduce energy consumption and increase the service life of the cathode device.
    FIG. 1 shows the known cathode of the electrolyzer; in fig. 2 - 8 - the proposed cathode device of the electrolyzer.
    The cathode blocks 1 are arranged parallel to the smaller side 2 of the metal housing carrying the cathode of the electrolyzer. These blocks have the form of elongated parallelepipeds with a large axis AA, height h and width 1 are 300–700 mm, and length is 2 m and more. The ratio between length and width in most cases is greater than 2 and can reach 4 or even 8. The ratio between height and width is often of the order of 1.
    In the case of FIG. 1, each block T includes two rods 3, which are two halves that can be connected (or not) in their central part 4. The outer ends of the 5 cathode rods are connected with one or several m
    15 This is a set of pieces at 18 le ho
    25 pr Mo obshi il
    20
    to the side conductors 6 connected about the length in the front part must be
    with the anode frame of the next electrolyzer of this battery. Rods zadeyana most often by pouring iron in one or two longitudinal slots 7 of block 1.
    The consecutively located cathode blocks are interconnected by means of a layer of stub 8 paste, tamped in a hot form and ensuring the tightness of the entire cathode in relation to the penetration of liquid aluminum and molten electrolyte. The service life of the electrolyzer depends on this tightness.
    In accordance with the invention (FIGS. 2-8), the cathode blocks 10 are installed so that their large axis AA is parallel to the larger side 11 of the housing and its larger axis XX. The cathode rods 3 and the outlets 5, as well as the collector 6, retain their former location, but the slots 12 are made across the cathode block, parallel to its smaller side and, therefore, perpendicular to its larger axis AA.
    Each cathode semi-module is formed by two blocks, previously interconnected by means of, for example, gluing 9, and the installation
    0
    in place and fixing the cathode rods are carried out in the usual ways, such as casting with Iron or (less commonly) using carbon paste. Together, two identical semi-modules, installed symmetrically to the larger axis of the housing, form the first cathode module. The two semimodules are interconnected in the usual way by means of stitching paste 13 or by gluing. This connection can be made before or after installation in the case.
    5 This first cathode module is then supplemented with n identical modules interconnected by pin paste 8, the number of modules depending on the type of electrolyzer. For example, a cathode for an electrolyzer of 180,000 A may consist of three consecutive modules. Although the semimodules each formed by two blocks were described, this
    5, the example is not restrictive. You can imagine half-modules formed by two blocks of different width or three blocks of the same or different width, but the height and,
    in all cases the same.
    Based on the basic principle, one can imagine several embodiments of the invention. Each of the two blocks forming the cathode semimodule may have an identical composition, i.e. be made of the same carbonaceous paste, or other composition that provides the module with special properties, such as other thermal or electrical conductivity.
    The outdoor unit of the classical type (coal tar pitch + anthra grain45
    50
    55
    at 900 C, it has an electrical resistivity of about 4.4 x 10 Ohm / cm and a thermal conductivity of about 0.03 W / cm / ° C at 900 C, whereas an internal semi-graphite type block has an electrical resistivity of 2.8 10 at 900 ° C Ohm / cm and thermal conductivity L 0.23 W / cm / ° C. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the outdoor unit is formed of two parts, the external part being made of a material with relatively low thermal conductivity in order to reduce the heat flow going out through the carbon-oxide 31
    blocks, and thus improve the heat balance of the electrolyzer.
    The sections of the mounting slots 12 may have all the same width, or some of them, in particular the outer ones, may have different widths, for example, to provide a constant distance between the holes provided in the side wall of the housing to exit the cathode rods.
    In addition, a substance that makes them wettable by liquid aluminum can be introduced into a part of the surface of the cathode blocks that form the cathode. Such an introduction may be superficial or affect the entire cathode block, or part of it. For example, titanium diboride TiB, j is wetted by liquid aluminum and is relatively little separated by this metal at a temperature of 930-960 C.
    Thus, it is possible to cover fully or partially the surface of the cathode blocks with plates or other elements of pure TiBr or of a composite material containing at least 30% TiB ;, or TiB or a composite material based on TiB can be deposited by any known method or a part of the cathode surface, or enter into a carbon-containing paste, from which cathode blocks are made that are in contact with liquid aluminum, TiB, j and / or an OTM compound with an OTD content of 30%, which is the minimum wetting effect. Thus, it is possible to stabilize a layer of liquid aluminum and significantly reduce the distance between the anode and cathode and, consequently, the voltage drop in the electrolysis bath, which leads to a corresponding decrease in the specific energy in kilowatt hours per ton of aluminum produced.
    The advantages of the proposed invention are that the area of the useful cathode surface increases as a result of the replacement of the sealing of the seams with a stubby paste, the layer of which is 30-40 mm thick and has a weak electrical conductivity, connecting the blocks together by gluing, and the layer of glue has a very small order of millimeter ; besides, obek: stoves

    5 o
    five
    five
    0
    five
    274
    At the same time, there is a large cross section of the steel rod and a large area of carbon contact with the steel.
    FIG. 6-8, for the same vertical section, the transition from the spa contact length of 36.8 dm and the cross-sectional area of steel and iron to 17.16 dm (Fig. 6) to the contact length of 29.2 dm and cross-sectional area 26, 4 dm (Fig. 7) and a contact length of 41.6 dm and a cross-sectional area of 25.08 dm (Fig. 8). The result of this is a very significant reduction in the drop in ohmic voltage at the point of contact junction, combined with a very slight drop in the ohmic voltage in the steel rod. This total gain, which reaches several tens of millivolts, is provided without sacrificing the strength of the carbon-containing block, since the wing sizes are 16 blocks, i.e. the parts remaining between the slits or between the slit and the edge of the block remain the same. A gain of 10 mV is equivalent to a reduction in consumption of 30-35 kWh per ton of aluminum produced.
    A new arrangement of cathode blocks allows the manufacture of mixed blocks (or sandwiches) using a simple and economical method. In accordance with the known method, it was necessary to cut the blocks 1, then connect the two parts (for example anthracite and semi-graphite) when mounting the cathodes, while according to the invention the mixed block is obtained by simply gluing two standard-size blocks and immediately fitting into place.
    Installation into place does not require lower labor costs: instead of four blocks of blocks (Fig. 1), two half-modules (Fig. 2) or one whole module previously glued together are installed.
    Compared with the classical gluing of blocks 1, carried out with the help of long-stroke power cylinders 14 (Fig. 4) and interfaced with certain difficulties, the mounting of the modules is easily adapted even to significant inaccuracies, which are compensated with pin paste 8, laid between adjacent modules (Fig. 2). In addition, to press two semi-modules (8) glued together between each other,
    forming the cathode module, it suffices to use short-stroke power cylinders 15 installed against the larger side of the housing.
    As a result of the replacement of the stitches from stubby paste with glue stitches, the tightness of the cathode to the penetration of molten metal and electrolyte is improved. The invention allows the use of cathode surfaces wetted by liquid aluminum.
    The invention was carried out on several electrolyzers of one battery, working for 180,000 A, in the form of a cathode, made of two half-modules, each formed by two blocks of semi-graphite (Fig. 8).
    Measurements of potential drop in the cathode system, in the spike contact, and in the cathode rod were measured on the electrolyzers of the classic design with anthracite blocks and on the proposed electrolyzers. Measurements are presented in the table.
    The maximum yield obtained is 61 mV, which corresponds to a saving of approximately 200 kWh per ton of aluminum produced. This win was achieved by half due to the use of semi-graphical
    Indicators
    Spine contact
    Drop of ohmic voltage in the rod
    Total:
    units with lower resistivity and half due to the use of the modular cathode block according to the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    1. Cathode device of an aluminum electrolysis cell containing a metal casing, heat insulating and refractory lining, bottom, made of carbon blocks with steel current lead rods installed in grooves of carbon blocks, characterized in that, in order to reduce energy consumption and increase the service life of the device , carbon blocks are installed by longitudinal sides parallel to the longitudinal walls of the casing, and the grooves are perpendicular to the longitudinal sides of the block.
    [2]
    2. Device ho p. 1, characterized in that the carbon blocks are connected in two in the form of modules, whose width is equal to half the width of the bottom.
    [3]
    3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the hearth is made of four-module half-modules.
    Blocks of known construction
    Blocks of the Invention
    one
    67
    84
    59
    88
    172
    83
    142
    2
    FIG. 3
    / f - .. /; /
    fts.5
    Phi.
    s
    15
    X
    /
    Ft
    fig 7
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    JTLnjnjnjnj TJ LrU
    16 1216
    Fig.8
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    IS3019A7|1985-12-14|
    HUT38404A|1986-05-28|
    IS1290B6|1987-07-07|
    ZA854425B|1986-01-29|
    ES8604318A1|1986-01-16|
    CN85104565A|1986-12-10|
    EP0169152A1|1986-01-22|
    ES544091A0|1986-01-16|
    US4605481A|1986-08-12|
    AU568748B2|1988-01-07|
    FR2566002A1|1985-12-20|
    YU96685A|1988-04-30|
    PL253887A1|1986-04-08|
    AT30746T|1987-11-15|
    RO92424A|1987-09-30|
    OA08034A|1987-01-31|
    DE3560953D1|1987-12-17|
    JPS6144192A|1986-03-03|
    BR8502797A|1986-02-18|
    FR2566002B1|1986-11-21|
    HU192227B|1987-05-28|
    EP0169152B1|1987-11-11|
    GR851407B|1985-07-12|
    NO852366L|1985-12-16|
    AU4360885A|1985-12-19|
    RO92424B|1987-10-02|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US2728109A|1952-06-06|1955-12-27|Savoie Electrodes Refract|Method of making cathodic electrodes for electrolysis furnaces|
    CA968744A|1970-12-12|1975-06-03|Kurt Lauer|Cathode for the winning of aluminum|
    DE2105247C3|1971-02-04|1980-06-12|Schweizerische Aluminium Ag, Zuerich |Furnace for the fused aluminum electrolysis|
    US4076610A|1975-07-10|1978-02-28|Elettrocarbonium S.P.A.|Cathode in cells for producing aluminium by electrolysis of smelted salts thereof|FR2606428B1|1986-11-10|1989-02-03|Pechiney Aluminium|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SEALING, UNDER PRESSURE, CATHODE RATES|
    US5286359A|1991-05-20|1994-02-15|Reynolds Metals Company|Alumina reduction cell|
    NO20053072D0|2005-06-22|2005-06-22|Norsk Hydro As|Method and apparatus for aluminum production.|
    DE102010041081B4|2010-09-20|2015-10-29|Sgl Carbon Se|Cathode for electrolysis cells|
    DE102011004014A1|2011-02-11|2012-08-16|Sgl Carbon Se|Cathode block with a covering layer containing hard material|
    DE102011004013A1|2011-02-11|2012-08-16|Sgl Carbon Se|Graphitized cathode block with an abrasion resistant surface|
    EP2650404B1|2012-04-12|2018-01-10|SGL CFL CE GmbH|Electrolysis cell, in particular for the production of aluminium|
    EP2931945A1|2012-12-13|2015-10-21|SGL Carbon SE|Side-wall block for a wall in an electrolytic cell for reducing aluminum|
    CN110760887B|2019-11-27|2020-07-31|镇江慧诚新材料科技有限公司|Electrode structure for combined production and electrolysis of oxygen and aluminum|
    CN111390065B|2020-03-24|2021-05-18|陈思涵|Equal-length cutting equipment for mechanical reinforcing steel bars|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR8410557A|FR2566002B1|1984-06-13|1984-06-13|MODULAR CATHODE BLOCK AND LOW VOLTAGE DROP CATHODE FOR HALL-HEROULT ELECTROLYSIS TANKS|
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