• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
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    • 专利摘要:
    1. A method of manufacturing pressed, fireproof, three-ply building boards made from inorganic expanded material, in which method the granules of expanded material, that is to say expanded vermiculite or expanded perlite for the outer layers and/or expanded vermiculite or expanded perlite for the inner layer, are first separately glued with water glass as an inorganic bonding agent and/or with thermosetting resin and/or with monoaluminium phosphate, a first layer of glued vermiculite or glued perlite occupying 1/6 of the total thickness is then deposited, the centre layer of glued vermiculite and/or glued perlite occupying approximately 4/6 of the total thickness is deposited thereon and, finally, the second layer of glued vermiculite or glued perlite occupying approximately 1/6 of the total thickness is finally deposited thereon and, after a pre-pressing stage, this three-layer deposit is solidified under the application of pressure and heat, characterised by the method steps in which a) a mixture comprising expanded vermiculite or expanded perlite and a solution of water glass with 48-50 Be and urea is used for the outer layers of the board and is used to glue the vermiculite or the perlite, the proportion of solids in the solution being up to 41% and the proportion of moisture in the mixture being up to 40%, in each case calculated to the weight of the vermiculite or of the perlite each in its absolutely dry state, b) expanded vermiculite and/or expanded perlite and the waste products largely originating from dry waste products, namely dust occuring during expanding and the cooling of granulated material and the machining of the edges of the boards, and crushed trimming residues, are used for the centre layer of the board, and the mixture of vermiculite and/or perlite and the waste products is resinified with an approximately 70% solution of phenolic resin and is glued with a 50% solution of monoaluminium phosphate and urea, the solids content of the two components being up to 24% relative to the weight of the mixture in its absolutely dry state, the ratio of the solids of the phenolic resin to the solids of the monoaluminium phosphate being 40 : 60, the moistness of the glued mixture being up to 18%, and the glued mixture for the centre layer containing up to 17.5% less solids in the bonding agent and up to 23.4% less moisture than the glued granulated vermiculite or granulated perlite for the outer layer, c) the components serving as a bonding agent are tempered to a temperature of from 25 to 30 degrees C before glueing and are then sprayed separately onto the granulated material by conducting the expanded granulated material as a falling curtain through a mist produced by spray guns from the bonding agent, d) the three-layer deposit is solidified at a temperature between 170 and 210 degrees C, such that, commencing from a high initial pressure, the pressure exerted by the heating plates on the article being pressed is reduced within predetermined intervals of time.
    公开号:SU1291023A3
    申请号:SU813307350
    申请日:1981-07-01
    公开日:1987-02-15
    发明作者:Зидар Антон
    申请人:Брест,Индустрия Похиштва Н.Сол.О. (Инопредприятие)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    .eleven
    The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of fireproof refractory building boards, which are three-layered in construction and made of inorganic foams, such as vermiculite and perlite, or combinations of both materials, rials, each material; itself forms a layer of plate. According to The invention granulates the foam material with an inorganic binder, such as a liquid glass solution, or a combination of monoaluminium phosphate with organic, primarily thermosetting binder, from which redpochtitelna Lenolna resin. Glued thus, the granulate is pressed into plates. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the pressing time due to the constant and unimpeded removal of vapors formed during pressing and environmental protection.
    Fig. 1 shows schematically devices for preparing raw materials, foaming and gluing granules of vermiculite and perlite; 2 shows devices for forming, pressing and trimming plates; in FIG. 3, the circulatory system is closed; Fig. 4 is a plot of time and pressure of the press.
    Crude vermiculite in the form of granulate 1 is fed using vibrating sieve 2 to funnel 3. The vibrating sieve is designed to separate stones, wood, metal products and other related additives of raw vermiculite. Thus cleansing granules 1 vermiculite through the gateway 4 cell feeder is directed to the screw 5, which has a stepless speed control, then transmitted to conveyor scales 6, showing instant material consumption and simultaneously recording the daily consumption of vermiculite, which is fed into the foaming furnace 7 When passing in furnace 7, crude vermiculite foams at a temperature of about 800-850 seconds. In addition, the volume of foamed vermiculite increases by a factor of about 10 compared with raw vermiculite. From the foaming furnace 7, the vermiculite dust is carried away by the fan 8 to the dust filter 9, which consists of bags designed to precipitate the air from the air. Of
    91023 2
    filter exits purified air. The vermiculite foam granulate is guided through a pneumatic sieve to separate 5 from the vermiculite foamed other additives, such as non-foamed vermiculite or magnetite 11. The pneumatic sieve 10 is designed so that, if desired, by changing the position of the valve 12 or changing air flow 13 can be obtained by complete or partial cleaning of granule 14 of foamed vermiculite from non-foamed magnetite 1 1. J5 Injection 11 should be separated, since it contributes to reducing insulation properties of refractory plates, and also increases the wear of transport devices and the wear of the cutting tool when trimming plates. Purified
    in this way, the pellet 14 of foamed vermiculite is directed to the refrigerating chamber 15, consisting of precipitator 16 and gateway 17, cell feeder. After exiting the chamber 15, the granulate 14 of foamed vermiculite is directed into the screw 18 for the middle layer and into the screw 18 for the outer layer or only into the screw 18 for the outer layer, which depends primarily on what type of plate I would like to make.
    25
    thirty
    Crude perlite granulate 1
    35 is sent by vibrating sieve 2 to funnel 3. The vibrating sieve is designed to separate larger additives from the granulate, such as stones, wood, iron, etc. From the core, granules are guided through a sluice 4 cell feeder, auger 5, having infinitely variable speed, and through conveyor scales 6 (made in the same way as for a scientific research institute of vermiculite) to a vertical foaming furnace 7. The foaming process occurs at a temperature above . From furnace 7, perlite fiber is removed by fan 8 into dust
    50 filter 9. The perlite is foamed through a pneumatic sieve 10, designed so that by changing the position of the valve 12, by changing the air flow 13 using a sieve 10
    55, full or partial separation of the non-foamed particles can be achieved, contributing to their increase in the bulk density of the granulate 14 of the foamed perlite and increase in heat transfer
    water content of the finished plate. From the pneumatic sieve 10, the purified granules and 14 foamed perlite direct to the refrigeration chamber 15, which consists of the precipitator 16 and the sluice 17 of the cell feeder. From the refrigerating chamber, granulated foam perlite 14 can be directed to screw 18 for the middle layer of the slab and screw 18 for the outer layer of the slab or only to screw 18 for the outer layer of the slab, which primarily depends on what type of plate I would like to make.
    After leaving the refrigerating chamber 15, granules of 14 foamed vermiculite and foamed perlite (depending on the recipe) are divided into two parts, namely granules for the middle layer and granules for the outer layer. The granulate for the outer layer of the plate passes through the auger. 18 and the elevator 19 to the bunker 20. From the bunker, the solid component 21 for the outer-fioro layer of the slab With the aid of the screw 22, the clock scales 23 are metered into the mixer 24, where it is glued together by the binder 25. The glued material 26 thus goes through the conveyor 27 in the scattering machine 28 (figure 2).
    The granulate for the middle layer passes through the screw 18 and the elevator 19 into the bunker 20. The shredders 31 to the foamed granulate from the bunker 29 with the help of the screw 30 and infinitely variable speed control add the crushed pieces 31 formed by cutting the raw plates 32 and fed by pneumatic transport 33 to the precipitator 34 where the crushed cuts 31 are separated from the dust going into the filter 9. The crushed cuts 31 get from the precipitator 34 through the gateway 35 of the cell feeder to the hopper 29. Pish falling out during foaming and during waste cooling, as well as obra When trimming the edges, the filter 9 is separated from the air. From the filter 9 LIVE 36, through the gateway 37, the cell feeder, the elevator 38 is directed to the hopper 39. From here it is fed by an auger 40, which has an infinite speed limiter, is added to the screw 18 where it foams with foam granulator 14 and shredded scraps 31. On the way to the bunker 20, foam granulate 14, shredded scraps 31 and dust 36
    3
    thoroughly mixed and the solid component 21 for the middle layer through the screw 22 through the balance 23 is metered into the mixer 24. The hydrophobic 45 (for example silicone) is metered in the mixer using the funnel 41, the gateway 42 of the cell feeder, the screw-43 and the clock balance 44 powder, the purpose of which is
    in reducing water absorption by the plate when it is possibly in contact with water. In the mixer 24, the mixture is uniformly glued together by the binder 25. The glued-together material 26 is guided along the conveyor 27 to the spreading machine 46 (Fig. 2).
    Before backfilling the glued material onto an empty blank sheet 47, made of Al-Mp-Ji-JF or
    With the help of the paper laying unit 48, a separating layer of paper 49 is automatically laid so that the siliconized side of the paper faces upwards. As a separating layer of paper, silicon paper 49 is best suited to one side of silicone.
    l
    with the amount of 60 - 70 g per 1 cm, since the lighter paper does not have a sufficiently high strength for a given purpose. The use of heavier paper is possible, but this does not lead to an improvement in quality or an increase in strength, but entails only an increase in expenditure. The separation layer of paper should be designed so that later during the curing of the pressed cake in the hot press, it can be glued onto the heating plates of the press. However, the installation 48 can also be used in the production of lightweight construction plates (350-450 kg / m).
    In this case, not a separating layer of paper is put on the sheet 47, but on the contrary, kraft paper with glue applied on one side (120 g / cm), so that the finished slab is kraft paper laminated. Light construction boards must be covered with paper because they themselves do not have good mechanical properties, and in this way the latter, respectively.
    are improving. On the sheet with the applied separation layer of paper 49 impose the molding frame 50, which forms together with the sheet 47 and paper 49 a form 51. The latter is then reversible
    passes under both scattering machines 28 and 46.
    The filling of the glued material takes place in such a way that the lower outer layer of the plate first falls as the mold 51 passes under the scattering machine 28, then when the mold 51 passes under the scattering machine 46 back and forth
    backfill of the middle layer of the slab, in the closing-JO move into the discharge box 64,
    The last plate 63 is successively retracted, after which the separating layer of paper 49 is removed. Then the raw plates 63 are weighed on the weights 65, the lengthwise and transverse trimming of the edges of the plates in nominal dimensions occurs on the trimming saw 66. After exiting the trimming saw 66 of the slab, the upper outer layer of the slab decreases automatically during the return stroke of the mold 51 under the scattering machine 28. The spillage spreading material 52, i.e. the material that is scattered by the scattering machines 28 and 46 at the moment when the Met form 51 is at the bottom, by means of the conveyors 53 and the elevators 54, is directed back to the scattering machines 20, respectively, and placed on the lifting platform 28 and 46. - Mu 67, where they form the stocks 68.
    corrects in form 51 in the pre-press at 56, where it is pressed at 30% of the original thickness. At the exit of the pre-press 56, the pressed product 57 together with the sheet 47 is separated from the frame 50. The latter is moved in the transverse direction and lowered onto the sheet 47 covered with paper 49 so that form 51 forms. The sheet 47 together with the pre-pressed product 57 passes through unit 58, it is coated with a release layer of paper 59 or glue-coated paper from cartridge pulp, depending on what one would like to make. A pre-coated extruded product together with sheet 47 is inserted into the loading device 60. When it is filled, the blanks are introduced for several days into the hydraulic hot press 61.
    In the longitudinal and transverse trimming of the edges, the trimming of the plates is simultaneously crushed and pneumatically transported 69 to 25, which is then returned to the manufacturing process.
    In order for the plates to be obtained with a more uniform density, the following requirements must be observed.
    30 In order to obtain a homogeneous distribution of the binder on the surface of the foamed granulate during bonding, it is necessary to select the appropriate mixing plate, Z5. It is made in the form of a rotating drum, on the inner wall of which blades are installed, which serve to transport the granulate to the upper position of the mixer during the gluing process. Due to the selected angular velocity, the granulate is raised so high to the appropriate design of the blades that when dropped
    In order to avoid grinding-45 down the entire cross-section of the mixer, a wall is formed of the falling foamed granulate.
    For bonding the granulate with the aid of a binder, Airless high-pressure pistols are used, which very well polish the bonding wall of the falling foamed granulate (as a mist) and ensure homogeneous gluing of the granulate.
    In addition, in order to obtain the best and most uniform gluing of the granulate, along with the choice of Sony, ready-made slabs as well as the associated ones. with it costs and pressing during the pressing of the press, the press is designed so that during the grinding process there is no deflection of the heating plates. To fulfill this condition, it is also necessary to precisely manufacture the spacer bars, i. so that they lie within the limits of the corresponding tolerances, and they must be blown with compressed air in front of the press locker so that the granulate cannot get between the spacer bars and the heating plate, which would affect the thickness of the finished plates. In order for the heat radiation from the press not to affect the pre-pressed product 57, a protective door 62 is installed between the loading box 60 and the press 61. At the end of the pressing process, the raw plates 63 together with the sheet 47 behind the last plate 63 are sequentially advanced, after which the separating layer of paper 49 is removed. Then the raw plates 63 are weighed on the weights 65, on the trimming saw 66, a longitudinal and transverse trimming of the edges of the plates in nominal sizes takes place. After exiting the trimmer saw 66, the plates are automatically placed on a lifting platform 67, where they form a slipway 68.
    In the longitudinal and transverse trimming of the edges, the trimming of the plates is simultaneously crushed and pneumatically transported 69 to 25, which is then returned to the manufacturing process.
    In order for the plates to be obtained with a more uniform density, the following requirements must be observed.
    30 In order to obtain a homogeneous distribution of the binder on the surface of the foamed granulate during bonding, it is necessary to select the appropriate mixing plate, Z5. It is made in the form of a rotating drum, on the inner wall of which blades are installed, which serve to transport the granulate to the upper position of the mixer during the gluing process. Due to the selected angular velocity, the granulate is raised so high to the appropriate design of the blades that when dropped
    Before mixing and guns, it is necessary to preheat the binder components to a temperature of 25 - 30 ° C before dissolving.
    Table 1 shows the dependence of flexural strength on heating the binder components.
    The most suitable temperature for heating the binder components is 25-30 ° C (there is a large dependence of the viscosity of the binder components used on temperature). Temperatures within these limits are most beneficial for achieving optimal spraying in mixing plants, which directly affects the quality of gluing. , and thus on the quality of the target product.
    The invention, furthermore, provides for such an execution of a press in which press modes can be programmed using a previously developed program.
    This means that, within specified time intervals, the pressure of the heating plates on the pressed body is reduced, due to which unobstructed volatilization of vapors formed during the pressing process becomes possible. Ensuring the timely and unimpeded volatilization of the vapor has a significant effect on the heating rate and thus on the pressing time, and also significantly affects the quality of the finished plates, since the possibility of damage to the plates by the pairs in the plate is excluded.
    The diagram (FIG. 4) shows in detail the program of the pressing process. In this diagram, on the abscissa axis, press / 0 time intervals are plotted.
    J5
    The scientific research institute in a hot press, the specific pressing pressure falls from the initial value of P, to the final value of P OH / CM. The hot press is designed so that the corresponding data for time intervals and specific pressures are transferred from the press diagram to a time switch or pressure gauge located in the press control panel, and based on the values programmed in this way, the press is automatically controlled (controlled).
    According to the diagram, the critical pressure range (in practice, it corresponds to values from 117 to 39 N / cm) is within certain time intervals, namely between. During this period of time, almost all of the steam formed during the pressing process is released.
    The total pressing time depends on the temperature maintained in the hot press. According to the invention, it is 170 to 210 ° C.
    Table 2 shows the pressing time as a function of the pressing temperature.
    At lower temperatures, it would take much longer to press, which would have a negative effect on the efficiency of the machines and equipment. At pressures above 2.10 ° C, the question arises about the durability of release paper. Higher temperatures cause this paper to be consumed more quickly. Besides
    20
    25
    thirty
    40
    In addition, there is a danger of pasting the pressed cake on the heating plates of the press.
    neither t, t, t, tj, t, t, tg, t ,, tg in seconds, and the pressing time t is equal to the sum of the individual time intervals t t + + t, + t, + t, + t + t, +
    + t.
    Hoe pressing pressure is applied on the ordinate. The diagram is structured in such a way that to separate time intervals of the pressing process, for example, time intervals
    2
    g
    correspond to the specific pressure P
    R .. R .. R, P Rb. RT. PS frames imply that during
    The combination of organic and inorganic binders and pressing in a hot press according to the proposed method makes it possible to shorten the pressing time by about 40-50%.
    In addition, according to the Invention, the Question deals with the protection of the environment from industrial pollution. The invention solves the manufacturing process in the so-called closed circulation system. This means that all waste (liquid or dry) that is generated during the production process is not released into the environment, but returned to the production process. According to this method,
    five
    The scientific research institute in a hot press, the specific pressing pressure falls from the initial value of P, to the final value of P OH / CM. The hot press is designed so that the corresponding data for time intervals and specific pressures are transferred from the press diagram to a time switch or pressure gauge located in the press control panel, and based on the values programmed in this way, the press is automatically controlled (controlled).
    According to the diagram, the critical pressure range (in practice, it corresponds to values from 117 to 39 N / cm) is within certain time intervals, namely between. During this period of time, almost all of the steam formed during the pressing process is released.
    The total pressing time depends on the temperature maintained in the hot press. According to the invention, it is 170 to 210 ° C.
    Table 2 shows the pressing time as a function of the pressing temperature.
    At lower temperatures, it would take much longer to press, which would have a negative effect on the efficiency of machines and equipment. At pressures above 2.10 ° C, the question arises about the durability of release paper. Higher temperatures cause this paper to be consumed more quickly. Besides
    0
    five
    0
    0
    In addition, there is a danger of pasting the pressed cake on the heating plates of the press.
    del
    The slab manufacturing method produces the following wastes that could contribute to the pollution of the environment: dust falling out of
    foaming of the granulate, as well as dust, which is formed when the edges are cut; cut waste falling when cutting raw slabs; wastewater generated during cleaning machines.
    The first two types of waste are fed by pneumatic transport from the point of fallout to precipitation or bag filters, where they are mainly separated from the air, so that completely purified air comes out of the filters. Dust and shredded waste are then added to the foam, which is fed to the middle layer of the slab. This makes it impossible to pollute the environment with dust or shredded waste, and an economical approach to the use of raw materials is also achieved. I
    The invention also provides a very simple and economical solution to the use of wastewater generated during the cleaning and flushing of devices, consisting in the so-called substitute
    whip circulation system (FIG. 3),
    According to the invention, all wastewater generated during the manufacturing process is used to dissolve the monoaluminophosphate and the other components that are in a crystalline state. Thus, all of them are fully returned to the production process. Wastewaters 70, 71, 72 and 73, which are formed respectively when cleaning mixers and pistols, when cleaning caving machines, when cleaning the tank and when cleaning the mold, are sent all together through channels 74 to the cleaning unit 70 kg of a mixture consisting of foamed vermiculite with a grain size per mm, crushed cutting waste and dust falling out during the foaming process, cooling the vermiculite and grinding, add 2 kg of silicone powder. Separately, this mixture is impregnated with 8 l of a 70% phenol resin solution (P
    75, made in the form of overflow — 1.2 g / cm) and glue together 14 liters of a 50% drainage channel with several chambers, where the solids 76 of the granules are separated in a stepwise manner and returned to the foaming furnace 7. The liquid thus purified flows through the filter 77, filled with activated carbon 78 into a larger tank 79, which serves as a tank. Hence, water 80, purified to such an extent that it contains dissolved binder components in a very small concentration, is pumped through pump 81 into a stirred tank 82, which serves to dissolve the monoaluminophosphate solution with a density of 1.5 g / cm, to which has previously been added. 2.2 kg of dry urea, with a solid ratio
    50 monoaluminophosphate substances to a solid phenolic resin is 3: 2, the solid content of both components of the binder is 23.3% in terms of absolutely dry
    55 weight of the material, and the moisture content of the material thus glued is 17, .4%.
    Comparing recipes shows
    that the outer layer contains up to 17.5%
    , 129102310
    crystalline components (monoaluminophosphate, urea), which are used to glue the foamed granulate. 5 According to the invention, certain types of binders are combined in this manner.
    This means that wastewater generated during the manufacturing process is fully recycled.
    Example 1. The recipe for the manufacture of a three-layer refractory vermiculite plate with a thickness of 19 mm.
    The distribution of the height of the cake layers in individual layers, mm:
    Outer layer
    (1/6) 14
    Inner layer
    (4/6) 56
    Outer layer
    (1/6) 14
    Recipe outer layer.
    75 kg of foamed vermiculite with a grain size of 0.35-1 mm is slightly pollinated with a solution of magnesium fluorosilicate until the pH value is slightly acidic. Pollinated in this way granulate sticks together about 42 liters of an aqueous solution of liquid glass (1.494 - 1.526 kg / m), while the solid liquid glass relative to the absolutely dry weight of vermiculite is up to 40.8%, the moisture content is 40.3%. % . Middle layer recipe,
    To 70 kg of a mixture consisting of foamed vermiculite with a grain size of mm, crushed scrap waste and dust falling out in the process of foaming, cooling the vermiculite and grinding, add 2 kg of silicone powder. Separately, this mixture is impregnated with 8 l of a 70% phenol resin solution (P
    1.2 g / cm) and glue 14 liters of 50% -
     1.2 g / cm) and glue 14 liters of 50% -
    solution of monoalumophosphate with a density of 1.5 g / cm, to which 2.2 kg of dry urea was previously added, while the ratio of solid
    0 substances monoaluminophosphate to a solid substance of phenolic resin is 3: 2, the solids content of both components of the binder is 23.3% in terms of absolutely dry
    5 weight of the material, and the moisture content in the material thus glued 17, .4%.
    Comparing recipes shows
    that the outer layer contains up to 17.5%
    and -1
    more binder than the inner layer, which means that the glued granulate in the outer layer contains d 23.4% more moisture than the glued granulate in the middle layer.
    Press conditions.
    The pressure on the pre-pressing 20-30 N / cm.
    The pressing program (Fig. 4).
    The time intervals in the process of pressing are shown in table 3.
    The pressing pressure is given in table 4.
    Extrusion temperature.
    Technical characteristics of the press of pressed plates:
    Thickness, mm 19 + 0.2
    Volume weight,
    kg / m 690
    Strength on
    bend, kgf / cm 45-50
    Strength on
    stretching
    kgf / cm 3.2-4
    Strength on
    screw removal
    kgf60
    Building material class
    according to D1K4102 A1F15
    (20 minutes)
    PRI mme R 2. Recipe for a three-layer refractory perlite plate with a thickness of 19 mm.
    The distribution of the height of the cake layers in separate layers, mm:
    Outer layer
    (1/6) 15
    Inner layer
    (4/6) 60
    Outer layer
    (1/6) 15
    Recipe outer layer.
    75 kg of foamed perlite with a grain size of 0-2.5 mm and a gross weight of 100-120 kg / m are easily dried with a solution of magnesium fluorosilicate before the pH value changes. Pollinated, in this way, the granules glue together approximately 42 liters of an aqueous solution of liquid glass (1.494-1.526 kg / m), to which an additional 2.2 kg of dry urea is added in advance, while the proportion of liquid glass relative to the absolutely dry weight of vermiculite is up to 40.8% in terms of solid ve
    12
    the society. Glued granulate has a moisture content of up to 40.8% based on the absolutely dry weight of vermiculite.
    Recipe middle layer.
    To 75 kg of a mixture consisting of foamed perlite with a grain size of 0-2.5 mm, crushed waste from trimming edges and pity that fell during foaming, cooling and grinding, add 2 kg of silicone powder. This mixture is separately impregnated with 28 liters of a 70% phenolic resin solution and 14 liters of a 50% strength monoaluminophosphate solution of 1.5 g / cm are glued together, in which 2.2 kg of dry urea are previously dissolved, while the ratio of solid monoaluminophosphate to the phenolic resin solids is 3: 2. The solid content of both components of the binder is 23.3% in the glued material | and the moisture content is 17.4% based on the absolutely dry weight of perlite.
    A comparison of the recipes of the two layers shows that the outer layer contains up to 17.5% more solid binder substance than the inner layer in terms of the absolutely dry weight of the granulate. This means that the glued granulate in the outer layer contains up to 23.4% more moisture than the granulate in the inner layer.
    Press conditions.
    Pre-pressing pressure 50-80 N / cm.
    The program of the pressing process (Fig.4).
    Pressing time intervals

    are given in table.5.
    The pressing pressure is given in table 6.
    Extrusion temperature.
    Technical characteristics of improved plates:
    Thickness, mm 19 + 0.2 Volumetric weight,
    kg / m 650
    Strength on
    bend, kgf / cm 40-45
    Tensile strength
    kgf / cm 3.2-3.5
    Strength on
    extraction
    screws, kgf50-60
    13
    Construction material class according to D1K4102
    A1F15 (22 min)
    Froze The recipe is made of a three-layer vermiculite refractory plate - perlite with a thickness of 19 mm.
    Distribution of heights of cake layers in separate layers, mm:
    Outer layer
    (1/6) 14.5
    Inner layer
    (4/6) 58
    Outer layer
    (1/6) 14.5
    The recipe of the outer layer is the same as in example 1,
    The recipe for the middle layer is the same as in example 2.
    Press conditions.
    Pre-pressing pressure 40-70 N / cm. .
    The pressing program (Fig. 4),
    The pressing time intervals are given in Table 7.
    The pressing pressure is given in table 8.
    Extrusion temperature. Technical characteristics of pressed plates: Thickness, mm Density, kg / m Bending strength, kgf / cm Tensile strength, kgf / cm
    Screw extraction strength, kgf Construction material class according to DSh4102
    19 + 0.3 700
    50-60
    4- .55-65
    A1 F15 (24 min)
    Thus, according to the invention, light plates with a bulk weight of 350-450 kg / m can be produced which, during the manufacturing process, must be laminated with sap pulp paper (120 g / m) in order to improve their mechanical characteristics.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    Formula invented
    1. A method of manufacturing refractory insulating three-layer
    291023. 14
    building slabs by preparing a mixture of expanded pearlite and / or vermiculite granules with liquid glass and / or a duroplastic resin, and / or monoaluminous phosphate, sequentially laying tfech layers with a middle layer thickness equal to 2/3 of the slab thickness and layers equal to 1/6 of the thickness of the slab blank, the pressing of the blank and its hot pressing, characterized in that, in order to reduce the pressing time due to the constant and free elimination of the vapors formed during pressing and to protect vironment, for the surface layers of slabs, a mixture moisture content of 40% perlite or vermiculite granules with an aqueous liquid stek10
    15
    20
    five
    0
    five
    la 1,494-1,526 kg / m and urea with a TBepJjoro content of up to 41% relative to the mass of absolutely dry granules; for the middle layer of the slab, a mixture of treated granules of perlite or vermiculite and a binder treated waste consisting of dust trapped in the process of expanding vermiculite is used or perlite, as well as crushed scraps of slabs and dust collected during the cutting process, impregnated with a 70% solution of phenolic resin and a 50% solution of monoaluminophosphate and urea with a solid content of up to 24% by weight of an absolutely dry mixture About phenolic resin to solid monoaluminophosphate 2: 3, and the moisture content of the mixture is up to 18%, the binder is heated to 25-30 ° C and sprayed separately onto the falling down granulated, and pressing is carried out at 170- 210 C, gradually reducing the pressure.
    2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that production waste water is used to dissolve the monoaluminophosphate.
    [2]
    3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, about tl and h a- 0 th y and with the fact that, during pressing, one-sidedly siliconized paper containing 60-70 tons is used as a separating layer
    [3]
    coverings on 1 m.
    five
    [4]
    4. A method according to claims 1-3, characterized in that vermiculite is used with a grain size of 0.35-1 mm and expanded perlite with a grain size of 2.5 mm.
    0
    five
    151291023
    Table V
    Temperature, C
    Bending strength, N / mm
    25 30
    4.90 5.12
    Time intervals with
    3 300 300 319 120 50 50 50 1187
    0-130 130 117 91 78 71,5 39 26.4 10 Table5
    Time intervals with
    ..j.i.il ... L tl-5 288 300 319 120 50 50 40 1187
    Pressure, N / cm
    0-184 184 117 91 78 71.5 39 26.4 10
    sixteen
    table 2
    Temperature, C
    Pressing time, with
    170 190 210
    1227 1187 1-227
    Table 3
    Table 4
    Pressure, N / cm
    R-,
    .YA
    Table 6
    5 288 300 319 120 50 50 40 1187
    Pressure, N / cm
    T
    LiLiJ-- - - -.- .- .0-120 210 17 9178 71.5 35 26.4 10
    m
    Table g
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    Compiled by I. Inozemtsev Editor M. Petrova Tehred M. Khodanich Proofreader L. Patay
    Circulation 7921/60 Circulation 424 Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee
    for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab ,, d, 4/5
    Production and polygraphic enterprise, Uzhgorod, Projecto st., 4
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    BR8104210A|1982-08-31|
    AT7615T|1984-06-15|
    EP0043144A1|1982-01-06|
    ES503593A0|1982-12-16|
    DE3163745D1|1984-06-28|
    ES8302162A1|1982-12-16|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3459629A|1966-07-01|1969-08-05|Grace W R & Co|Wood particle board containing vermiculite and method of making same|
    DE1659033A1|1967-07-31|1970-12-10|Betonstahl Gmbh & Co Kg|Reinforcement mat for surface-like, self-supporting concrete components subject to bending|
    DE7032003U|1970-08-27|1970-12-17|Novopan Gmbh|NON-COMBUSTIBLE STRUCTURE, IN PARTICULAR PANEL.|
    AT334595B|1974-09-26|1976-01-25|Isovolta|LIGHTWEIGHT PANEL, IN PARTICULAR BUILDING MATERIAL PANEL, AND THE PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION|
    AT357924B|1977-03-25|1980-08-11|Isovolta|METHOD FOR PRODUCING A PARTICULAR PLATE-SHAPED BUILDING MATERIAL BODY|AT390094B|1984-11-16|1990-03-12|Austria Metall|SOUND-INSULATING COMPOUND PANEL AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION|
    ZA971233B|1996-02-23|1998-09-14|Thermax Brandschutzbauteile Ge|Method of producing a non-flammable shaped part in particular a building-material panel|
    EP0875371A1|1997-04-28|1998-11-04|Mineralka d.o.o.|Refractory plate-shaped composite material, method for its production and its use|
    GB2394917A|2002-10-28|2004-05-12|British Mica Co Holdings Ltd|Fire retardant panel|
    DE102008063914A1|2008-12-19|2010-06-24|Dieffenbacher Gmbh + Co. Kg|Method for producing e.g. high density fiberboard plate in multi daylight press, involves pressing fibers on forming belt by pressure and heat in press, and adding powder to glued fibers at one point by transport pipe and/or tubular drier|
    DE202011002155U1|2011-01-31|2011-04-07|Holzbau Schmid Gmbh & Co. Kg|Coated building material plate|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    YU173280A|YU42515B|1980-07-02|1980-07-02|Process for the manufacture of compressed, fire resistant,thermo insulating, three layered construction plates|
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