• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    An apparatus for providing a heating or cooling output through chemical absorption (or chemisorption). The apparatus comprises a cylindrical housing (10) having a coaxial array (11) of a plurality of absorbent containing thermal elements (12), extending to the walls of the housing (10) and adapted for rotation therein. In particular, this invention relates to a new vehicle air cooling system using waste heat from the vehicle's engine to drive the chemisorption cooling cycle. The invention also makes use of dry chemical absorbent materials which have high heats of reaction representing high levels of cooling energy, and provides a compact, low-demand system design.
    公开号:SU1268114A3
    申请号:SU843829889
    申请日:1984-12-06
    公开日:1986-10-30
    发明作者:Дюран Мелчер
    申请人:и；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

     . J The invention relates to a technique for air conditioning, and more particularly to chemisorption apparatus for heating or cooling a vehicle. The aim of the invention is to improve the economy and improve weight and size characteristics. Fig, 1 shows the principal on the scheme of the proposed apparatus; Fig. 2 shows a chemisorption apparatus for use as an air conditioning unit in a vehicle; Fig 3 - the internal part of the chemisorption apparatus; figure 4 - thermoelement cut; FIG. 5 shows a variant of the apparatus chemisorb1P10I110GO, the chemisorption apparatus contains a cylindrical body 1, a rotor 2 c. ch1) mi thermoelement} AND (elements) 3, performed 11 grms in the form of ribs (fig 1) or pipes (fig 5) forming circular a grid 4, which is rotatably fixed on the shaft 5. The inside of the housing 1 is divided into two parts using partitions 6, and the elements 3 form radial groups of channels 7 between each pair of adjacent elements 3 (FIG. 1 To form channels 7 (a variant of the apparatus in FIG. 5) the housing 1 is additionally equipped with radial Split sections 8, Partitions 6 divide body 1 into equal parts 9 and 10, and the number of thermoelements 3 determines with the required input and output heat flux flows, cyclic parameters and heat capacity of the absorbent used in the elements 3. In addition, body 1 has inlet 11-14 and outlet 15-18 openings with corresponding mp temperature zones .., Each element 3 is divided into the upper part 19 for the reactant, which For most of the materials is water vapor, and the lower part is 20 absorbent. Air can be pumped out of the cavity of the element 3 in order to increase the efficiency of the cellar. In order to ensure a high level of penetration of the reactant, the absorbent material is weighed in the porous structure 21, which contains absorbent granules that are spaced apart from each other at such a distance that they do not connect their luni detritus during the repeated cycles of operation of the elements 3. 142 In addition, structure 21 serves to prevent particles from shedding in moist air during multi-absorption of water vapor, which extends the service life of the absorbent. Between parts 19 and 20, a filter 22 may be provided that is permeable only to the reactant molecules and a blocking absorbent. This prevents the absorbent of the upper part 19 from being absorbed. In the upper part 19, a wick 23 of fabric material can be installed, intended to hold a large amount of stripped water. In the lower part 20, a wire mesh 24 is pressed against the walls. In addition, spacers 25 can be provided inside each element 3 to impart the required rigidity to the structure when working under vacuum in the internal cavity of the element 3, the Absorbent can also be snesh with opVanical compound (resin) " or in a holding material (Teflon) and deposited in the form of a layer on the inner surface of the element 3. This ensures a tight thermal contact between the absorbent h of the walls 3, the chemisorption apparatus works as follows, When using As a cooling system, a high-temperature material is supplied to the lower part 20 of a group of elements 3 in one sector of housing 1. The reactant is desorbed from the absorbent and moves to the upper part 19, where heat is removed from the fluid into an external heat exchanger (not shown). When the group of elements 3 is rotated to another temperature zone, heat is removed from the lower parts 20 of elements 3 by means of a heat exchanger to the heat sink (not shown). The chemical reacts to chemical equilibrium and moves downward to reabsorb into the absorbent, and its evaporation from the upper parts 19 of the elements 3 creates a cooling effluent, which is used for cooling the exhaust fluid. The vehicle air conditioner uses engine waste heat as the main input energy. Hot water is supplied from the engine block at a temperature of about 110 ° C through the inlet 11 to the lower part 20 of the elements 3 and discharged through the outlet 15. The 1) and 15 holes are arcuate and occupy several gaps between the elements 3, which determine the high-temperature zone of the apparatus. The upper parts 19 of the elements 3 are in contact with water passing from a radiator (not shown) through the arcuate inlet 12 and outlet 16, which form a different temperature zone. Heat is continuously removed from the upper parts 19 through a radiator to a heat exchanger (outside air). The temperature of the upper parts 19 is in the range of 40-85. The temperature difference between the upper 19 and lower 20 parts allows the absorbent located in the lower Parts x 20 of element 3, desorb the reactant, which & the gaseous state moves to the upper part 19 of the element 3. The elements 3 continue to rotate by means of the shaft 5 into the next part of the heat cycle. The lower parts 20 of the elements 3 pass through a third, temperature zone formed by the inlet 13 and the outlet 17 for the water from the radiator. Here, the lower parts 20 of the elements 3 are cooled to a temperature of 40-85 ° C, with the vaporous reactant being ,. the upper parts, 19 of the elements 3, move downwards towards chemical equilibrium to absorb the absorbent that is in the lower parts 20. Evaporation of the reactant from the upper part 19 creates a cooling effect, leading to the fact that the temperature in the upper Parts 19 is about 22-35 ° C. Heat exchanging fluid, such as water or glycol, circulates through inlet 14 and outlet 18 to transfer cooling energy to a conventional fan coil (not shown) of the tran air conditioner. sport facility. The air is cooled by contact with the fan coil and is supplied to the passenger compartment. Elements 3 continue to rotate for the next cooling cycle. The proposed chemisorption apparatus can be used as a heater. However, it cannot be restricted to heating in a car that can be heated directly through a heat exchanger with an engine circulating system or heat 1i. The device can be used everywhere, where there is a heat source and heat receiver (for example, satellites, space vehicles, solar air conditioners in buildings), the Device acts as a heat or thermal energy pump driven by the reaction of chemisorption under conditions gradient can be used: heat source absorber. Contact with a heat source at one end of the absorption elements and the presence of a heat collector at the other end pump heat energy in one direction (desorption - storage). Reversing the position of the source - receiver pumps energy in a different direction (absorption - release), creating heat that is diverted to the consumer. The materials used in the chemisorption apparatus can be ordinary dry and liquid absorbents, such as silica gel, zeolites, salt solutions, glycols, etc. However, from the point of view of the efficiency of heat energy transfer and low cost, dry chemical absorbents are preferable: alkali or alkali iron ferric halides, ammoniac (ammonium as a reactant) sodium bioxalate, magnesium oxide, lithium chloride or calcium chloride. Other dry absorbents and corresponding reactants can be detected by selecting chemical equilibrium conditions suitable for the desired operating conditions. The porous structure for the absorbent can be obtained in the form of a woven material, such as suede, a metal or organic sponge, or a ceramic or metal foam, sold under the brand name Duocel. An air conditioning system suitable for use can be made on 20-60 edges of a circular lattice, with a rotational speed of one revolution per 15-20 minutes. formula of the invention 1. A chemisorption apparatus for heating or cooling, containing
    ., s12
    a cylindrical body, divided into temperature zones and having an inlet and outlet openings in each of them, and a rotor that is housed in the housing in the form of hollow thermoelements mounted on the drive shaft, which form a circular grating in filled with absorbent and reactant, which are able to connect one with to others with the release of heat absorption or dissociate with the absorption of heat depending on the level of temperature supplied to the thermoelements in the respective temperature zones, that is, Strongly povsheni efficiency and improve the mass and size characteristics with .termoelementami body is divided into two parts by means of partitions sektornsk set mezhdu.termoelementami in one plane, wherein one portion of each element is filled with an absorbent, and the other - reactant.
    2. The apparatus according to claims 1, 2, 1 and 2 o (O) and the fact that the cavities of the thermoelements are additionally filled with a porous structure in which the absorbent is weighed.
    3. The apparatus according to claim 1, that is, that HU and H with the absorbent attached to the inner surface of the thermoelements with the help of an organic resin or deposited on it as a layer of its mixture with a bond.
    4. The apparatus according to claim t, characterized in that a wick is additionally installed in one part of the thermoelement.
    one
    5. Apparatus pop., Characterized in that the portions of each thermoelement containing absorbent
    and the reactant is separated by a filter permeable only to the reactant;
    (rig. J
    s
    19 25

    22
    24
    20 25
     ij
    us. S
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    Formulas of the invention
    1. A chemisorption apparatus for heating or cooling, comprising a cylindrical body divided into temperature zones and having an inlet and an outlet in each of them; and a rotor coaxially mounted in the housing in the form of hollow thermoelements mounted on the drive shaft, forming a circular grid and filled with absorbent and reactant, which are able to connect with one another to release heat of absorption or dissociate with heat absorption depending on the level of temperatures supplied to the thermocouples in corresponding temperature zones, which is due to the fact that, in order to increase efficiency and improve overall dimensions, the housing with thermal elements is divided into two parts and with the help of sector partitions installed in the same plane between the thermocouples, one part of each element being filled with absorbent material and the other with a reactant.
    [2]
    2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity, thermocouples are additionally filled with a porous structure, in which
    5 shen absorbent.
    [3]
    3. The apparatus according to π.1, t 'ч ч ί щ щ щ 0 0 0 0 that the absorbent is attached to the inner surface of the thermocouples using an organic
    10 resin or applied to it in the form of a layer of its mixture with a binder.
    [4]
    4. The apparatus according to η.I, characterized in that in one part
    15 thermocouple additionally installed wick.
    i
    [5]
    5. The apparatus according to π.1, characterized in that the parts of each
    20 thermocouples containing absorbent and reactant are separated by a filter that is permeable only to the reactant.
    FIG. 2
    1268114.
    FIG. U. g
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP0140954A4|1985-09-26|
    EP0140954A1|1985-05-15|
    DK581784D0|1984-12-06|
    JPS60501024A|1985-07-04|
    CA1235304A|1988-04-19|
    EP0140954B1|1987-06-24|
    US4574874A|1986-03-11|
    WO1984003936A1|1984-10-11|
    IN162996B|1988-07-30|
    ES8503820A1|1985-03-01|
    ES531389A0|1985-03-01|
    NO844867L|1984-12-05|
    AT27997T|1987-07-15|
    DE3464408D1|1987-07-30|
    DK581784A|1985-02-06|
    KR850002558A|1985-05-15|
    BR8406590A|1985-03-12|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US06/482,860|US4574874A|1983-04-07|1983-04-07|Chemisorption air conditioner|
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