• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    1. The way of working is four-stroke. It has an internal cropaaijH engine with supercharging, in particular dizblya, by compressing air in a turbocharger, injecting charge air into the intake pipeline, sampling 120 tons of charge air, bypassing it through an adjustable throttle into the exhaust manifold, releasing exhaust gases from each cylinder into the exhaust a manifold through an exhaust valve with partial closure during most of the intake phase, partial opening at the lower dead point and closing of the exhaust valve after the inlet valve is closed and supplying exhaust gases from the exhaust collector to the turbocharger, characterized in that, in order to increase the degree of filling of the cylinders by increasing the pressure in the exhaust collector, they fix the load of the electric motor and compare it with the nominal one, and the adjustable throttle is opened at low and medium loads of the engine and closed at the loads, Close to nominal. CO Isd ate c / i Vr Figure 1 CHoO 500 5W 510 NMT
    公开号:SU1259964A3
    申请号:SU3491022
    申请日:1982-09-09
    公开日:1986-09-23
    发明作者:Кюртий Реми
    申请人:Сосьете Дъэтюд Де Машин Термик Сэмт (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    2. A four-stroke internal combustion engine with supercharging, in particular a diesel engine containing a turbocharger, an intake manifold connected to the air intake manifold of the turbocharger and to the intake valves of the cylinders, an exhaust manifold connected to the gas inlet of the turbocharger and through the exhaust valves to the cylinders and through the exhaust valves the choke is connected to the air pressure port of the turbocharger, with the exhaust valve connected through the working gap to
    The invention relates to mechanical engineering, namely engine building, and can be applied in a Diesel internal combustion engine with supercharging from a turbo-compressor operating on high-pressure gases.
    The purpose of the invention is to increase the cylinder filling penalty by increasing the pressure in the exhaust manifold and increasing the efficiency of the engine.
    FIG. Figure 1 shows the timing diagram showing the change in the relative magnitude of the valve lift H (referred to as full or maximum lift) depending on the angular position of the crankshaft; in fig. 2 - exhaust cam control profile; in fig. 3 - the scheme of the proposed engine; on -fig. 4 - universal engine performance, i.e. the dependences of the relative (to nominal mode) parameters: the frequency of rotation of the motor shaft N and the average effective pressure P, and the engine power W; in fig. 5 shows graphs of various parameters as a function of relative average effective pressure.
    The four-stroke engine of internal combustion (diesel) contains cylinders 1, a turbocharger 2, an intake manifold 3, an exhaust manifold 4, an air blower 5 and a gas inlet 6 branch pipes of a turbo-compressor 59964
    an exhaust cam provided with main and additional protrusions, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency, the adjustable throttle is equipped with a setpoint for its degree of opening depending on the engine's operating mode, the exhaust cam is made with an intermediate protrusion and additional protrusions, and the height of the intermediate protrusion is at least equal to the working clearance of the valve.
    2, an adjustable throttle 7 and a sensor (not shown) the degree of its opening depending on the engine operating mode. Inlet pipe
    3 is connected to the air-pressure pipe 5 and to the inlet valves (not shown) of the cylinders 1. The vent manifold 4 is connected to the gas inlet pipe 6 and through the outlet
    valves (not shown) to the cylinders 1, and through an adjustable throttle 7 connected to the air-pressure pipe 5 of the turbocharger 2. The exhaust valve is connected through the working gap 8
    To the exhaust cam 9, equipped with a main 10 and an additional 11 lugs, as well as an intermediate lug 12, which is continuously coupled with the main 10 and an additional 11
    protrusion 1 1I. The height 13 of the intermediate protrusion 12 is equal to at least the working gap 8 of the release valve.
    FIG. 1 shows the curve E
    lift valve lift and curve A of the intake valve lift during one operating cycle of the four-stroke engine. The horizontal line B (dashed), located 30 at a low height above the abscissa axis, represents the compensated value of the working clearance of the valves — it reflects the actual position of the zero lift, i.e. complete closing of key 35 pans. Curves E and A open the exhaust and inlet valves intersect
    3
    at points and T1 C, thus determined by a partial overlap of their respective periods of discovery (shaded zones bounded by horizontal beams of the straight B and APS lines, ,, 3oHa A, C E. corresponds to the exhaust gas purge phase. The valve clearance represented by the horizontal horizontal straight B (Fig. 1) corresponds to approximately 2.5% of the total lift H in such a way that the residual lift EjE of the flush valve is 1.5% of the total lift N. represented by the segment E E E, corresponds to An additional filling phase that automatically controls the communication between the exhaust manifold 4 and cylinder 1 by means of a relief valve, which then closes a little after the bottom dead center (BDC but after the moment of closing the intake valve ..
    FIG. 4 graphically illustrates the preferred area (modes of operation) of the proposed engine. The abscissa axis represents the ratio of the actual rotational speed N of the motor shaft to its rated speed N. The ordinate shows the ratio of the average effective pressure P to the average nominal effective pressure. Curves L, L and Lj limit the internal zone of normal operation of the engine. The curves .W ,, W, W, and Wg correspond to constant engine powers and are, respectively, 20, 40, 60, 90, and 100% of the nominal 40 power. Curve K is a variation of P versus N in
    gp e
    according to the screw characteristic (according to which P ,, is proportional to
    on the square of N, while the power of the engine is proportional to the cube of the rotational speed N). The vertically shaded zone (Fig. 4), limited by the abcdea lines, determines the zone in which the proposed device allows to obtain the greatest positive effect. At the same time, the improvement increases from right to left in the direction of the arrow parallel to the curves of 1 constant power.55
    FIG. 5 shows the change of some steam engines in the engine during its work on the screw characteristic.

    644
    The abscissa axis is plotted on a non-linear scale relative to the nominal engine power / r, and on a linear scale relative
    R,
    average eff- Axis ordiffective pressure -p.
    meh
    nat absolute pressure
    intake air R., bar, absolute pressure of exhaust gases P, bar, excess air ratio d, degree of filling g, degree of relative opening of throttles {ratio of the degree of actual opening to maximum opening of throttle d
    sat down
    )
    the temperature of the bearing surface of the outlet valve, which enters contact with its seat, T, s. Solid lines correspond to engine operation with a closed throttle (i.e., without a bypass channel), and dashed lines show the effect of using the proposed device.
    Four-stroke engine (diesel) works as follows.
    Fresh air is compressed in the turbocharger 2, supplied through the air-inlet nozzle 5 and injected into the intake manifold 3 and into the cylinders 1 of the engine. Part of the charge air is taken and re-passed through the bypass channel through the regulator.
    The throttle 7 into the exhaust manifold 4. The exhaust gases from each cylinder 1 are discharged through the exhaust valve to the manifold 4 with a partial valve closure during most of the charge air inlet phase, partially opening in the LDP and closing the output valve after the intake valve is closed. The exhaust gases from the exhaust manifold 4 are then fed to the gas inlet 6 of the turbocharger 2, where they expand and do the work and spin the turbocharger 2. To increase the filling level of the cylinders 1 by increasing the pressure in the exhaust manifold 4, they fix the engine load and compare it with the nominal one Adjustable throttle 7 is opened on the engine and average engine loads and closed on loads close to the crankshaft.
    The partial closing of each exhaust valve corresponds to a residual lift equal to approximately the working clearance 8 between the cam 9 and the valve. Partial closure is provided by an appropriate profile of the intermediate protrusion 12 located between the main 10 and an additional 11 protrusions. Such an embodiment of the cam 9 makes it possible to eliminate the shock loads and wear of the exhaust valve on the saddle, which occur in the event of a complete closing of the valve before it is partially opened.
    The use of partial opening of the throttles leads to the fact that the increase in pressure P of the exhaust gases increases more than the increase in pressure P of charge air. This, in turn, leads to an increase in the degree of filling of the cylinders and to an increase in the efficiency of the engine,
    vty
    8 // / 3
    P
    fu.Z
     -T.
    G-7N
    TAJ t-
    Fig.Z
    (SS 75 ifkaft
    0.125 0.20 0.50
    0.25
    0.50. 0.75 phi.5
    T mouth / 7
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    1. The method of operation of a four-stroke internal combustion engine ; with supercharging, in particular of a diesel engine, by compressing air in a turbocharger, intake of charge air into the intake pipe, taking part of charge air, passing it through an adjustable throttle to the exhaust manifold, discharging exhaust gases from each cylinder into the exhaust manifold through the exhaust valve with its partial closure during most of the intake phase, partially opening in the bottom dead center region and closing the exhaust valve after closing the intake valve and supplying exhaust gas from the exhaust to collector in a turbocharger, characterized in that, in order to increase the degree of filling of the cylinders by increasing the pressure in the exhaust manifold, the engine load is fixed and compared with the nominal one, and the adjustable throttle is opened at low and medium engine loads and closed at close to nominal loads .
    [2]
    2. A four-stroke supercharged internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine containing a turbocompressor, an inlet pipe connected to the air pressure port of the turbocharger and to the inlet valves of the cylinders, an exhaust manifold connected to the gas inlet port of the turbocompressor, and through the exhaust valves to the cylinders, and through an adjustable the throttle is connected to the air pressure pipe of the turbocharger, and the exhaust valve is connected through the working gap to the exhaust cam equipped with the main one and supplement with protrusions, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency, the adjustable throttle is equipped with a setter for the degree of its opening depending on the engine operating mode, the exhaust cam is made with an intermediate protrusion, moreover, this protrusion is continuously interfaced with the main and additional protrusions, and the height of the intermediate protrusion is at least the clearance of the valve!
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    YU45544B|1992-05-28|
    US4561253A|1985-12-31|
    KR840001676A|1984-05-16|
    DK403982A|1983-03-11|
    ES8306221A1|1983-05-01|
    PL238197A1|1983-04-11|
    FR2512496B1|1983-12-16|
    DE3272146D1|1986-08-28|
    BR8205332A|1983-08-23|
    FI823103A0|1982-09-08|
    PL140234B1|1987-04-30|
    FR2512496A1|1983-03-11|
    DK155844B|1989-05-22|
    FI823103L|1983-03-11|
    EP0075502A1|1983-03-30|
    NO823058L|1983-03-11|
    CS244119B2|1986-07-17|
    YU204082A|1990-04-30|
    CS646482A2|1985-08-15|
    JPS5870023A|1983-04-26|
    NO156703B|1987-07-27|
    EP0075502B1|1986-07-23|
    DK155844C|1989-11-13|
    KR890002317B1|1989-06-30|
    ES515644A0|1983-05-01|
    IN158573B|1986-12-13|
    FI70451B|1986-03-27|
    FI70451C|1986-09-19|
    NO156703C|1987-11-04|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR8117177A|FR2512496B1|1981-09-10|1981-09-10|
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