• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Plastics material mesh structures are made by providing a starting material (1) having a pattern of primary holes or depressions (2) and smaller secondary holes or depressions (3) between the primary holes or depressions (2), and stretching the plastics material to orientate the zones between adjacent holes or depressions (2, 3) to form orientated strands. A first stretch in a single direction produces intermediate structures such as those shown in Figures 1 b and 22b, having first mesh openings (4) and smaller second mesh openings (5). A subsequent stretch at right angles to the first stretch produces the structures such as those shown in Figures 1c or 22c having main orientated strands (8) and (11) or (23) interconnected by shorter orientated strands (10) or (25) and (29) arranged in such a way that only three strands meet at any junction.
    公开号:SU1238727A3
    申请号:SU823429190
    申请日:1982-04-02
    公开日:1986-06-15
    发明作者:Брайан Мерсер Фрэнк
    申请人:П.Л.Г.Рисерч Лимитед (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    2. One-piece plastic mesh construction, containing rows parallel to the main connecting elements spaced Drugs from each other, oriented in the direction of stretching to form columns with the main connecting elements of adjacent rows, with the rows arranged perpendicular to the direction of drawing, intermittent rows of connecting parts of ctjiccB with unoriented zones or with a lower degree of orientation than the central zones of the main connecting elements, the main openings, limited adjacent The connecting elements of one row and connecting sections, each connecting section is aligned in the direction of stretching with the main hole, characterized in that, in order to increase the tensile strength of the mesh structure and its creep resistance, it contains oriented additional connecting elements and the first additional holes placed between the connecting sections, each end of each main connecting element is branched into two additional connectors The ends of the connecting sections in the direction of the rows are connected to the ends of two additional connecting elements branching from two adjacent main connecting elements of the same row, while the corresponding ends of each connecting section are also connected to two additional connecting elements branching from the two main connecting elements of the next row, the main openings also being limited to four additional connecting elements diverging with the ends of the two main connecting elements, and the first additional openings are arranged
    in columns with corresponding main connecting elements in the direction of drawing and limited by two additional connecting elements, diverging from the end of the main connecting element of one row, and two additional connecting elements, the flow rate {from the end of the main
    connecting ale: the head of the next contiguous row.
    3, a structure according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises additional openings arranged in columns in alternation with the main openings and separated from them by connecting portions and arranged in rows in alternation with the first additional openings.
    4. One-piece plastic mesh construction, containing rows of main connecting elements parallel to each other, oriented in the direction of drawing, the main connecting elements of one row being centered with the main connecting elements of the adjacent row and arranged to form with them columns, perpendicular rows, discontinuous rows of connecting sections, having non-oriented zones with a lower degree of orientation than the central zones of the main connecting elements ntov, wherein the coupling between the main elements and the connecting portions arranged main apertures of aphids - sistent with the fact that, in order
     increasing the tensile strength of the net- and creep construction, it contains oriented, additional connecting elements and additional holes, while the corresponding additional connecting elements of alternating rows are centered relative to each other, the ends of connecting sections are connected to the ends of adjacent additional connecting elements in each row of adjacent additional connecting elements of the row are connected to two ends of two adjacent connecting sections Additional rows, with the possibility of placing additional openings between them, each of which is limited to two connecting parts and two additional connecting elements, the additional holes being arranged in rows and additional holes of alternating rows are centered in the direction of exhaust, while the additional openings of
    the rows are located in the direction of drawdown. with displacement and the corresponding ends of each main connecting element are connected with the ends of two connecting sections of adjacent rows of connecting sections, loc. The logs are displaced in the direction of drawing and with the possibility of placing between them the main holes, the invention relates to mesh structures made of plastic.
    The invention provides for a biaxial structure having a plurality of mainly octagonal main holes and additional holes that are significantly smaller than the main ones, each hole being limited by a plurality of oriented connecting elements which are interconnected in the respective nodes, each of which has only three connecting elements ( tees), and the branches between the connecting elements in the nodes are oriented in the direction passing around the branch. The two-set structure can be made using a method in which the raw material is flat and has uniformly distributed main holes or depressions, and between the main depressions or holes there are additional openings or depressions that are significantly smaller than the main depressions . The plastic is pulled to cause the zones to stretch and orientate between adjacent holes or recesses to form oriented connecting elements.
    The invention also provides for a uniaxial square construction containing rows of parallelly spaced, oriented main connecting elements spaced apart, with substantially each main connecting element extending mainly in the first direction with two pairs of main connecting elements, two additional connecting elements of the same series, the ends of the chain of connecting sections of adjacent rows of connecting sections and two connecting sections on both sides ervyh rows of connecting portions.
    The first rows are predominantly located in the second direction, perpendicular to the first, while the main connecting elements of one row are mainly coaxial with the main connecting elements of the adjacent row. In addition, the structure contains oriented additional connecting elements, each end of the thirsty main connecting element forms a branching with a pair of additional connecting elements, the rows of connecting sections contain either non-oriented zones,
    or zones that are much less oriented than the central zones of the main connective elements, with the indicated rows passing mainly in the second direction, and
    each connecting portion is located coaxially in said first direction with a main opening formed between the two main coejj-elements, and the corresponding ends in the first direction of connecting portions are connected
    with ends in the first direction of two additional connecting elements which form a branch from two adjacent main connecting elements of the same row,
    The corresponding ends of each connecting section are also connected to two additional connecting elements, which in turn form the tee branching of the mouth of the two main connecting elements of the adjacent row of main connecting elements, with
    This main hole is limited
    two adjacent main connecting elements of the same series, with two connecting sections of adjacent rows of connecting sections and four additional connecting elements extending from the ends of the two main connecting elements, and the additional openings are formed by co-axial HOBHbiM connecting elements in the first direction, limited in part by a pair of additional connecting elements which branch from the same main connecting element.
    I
    The invention also includes
    uniaxial diamond shape construction containing oriented main connecting elements; The rows are mainly parallel-arranged, additional connecting elements spaced apart, each additional connecting element is located mainly in the first direction and the rows are located mainly in the second direction, perpendicular to the first direction, while the corresponding additional connecting elements
    YOU alternate rows, coaxially with each
    friend; rows of connecting sections that contain non-oriented zones or zones that are essentially less of landmarks AN1 than the central zones of the main connecting elements, these rows are located mainly in the second direction, corresponding end, 1 in the second direction of the connecting sections are connected in the specified first direction of adjacent additional connecting elements in any one row, adjacent complementary1) The connecting elements in the same row connect the ends in the specified second direction of two The joints are in adjacent rows, which are mainly centered in the first direction, as a result of which additional holes are formed, each of which is limited by two connecting parts and two additional connecting elements, with additional holes made in this way located in rows which are located in the second direction, with the said additional holes of alternating rows
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    additional holes centered with each other c. said first direction and the corresponding additional openings of successive rows of additional openings are arranged in a checkerboard pattern in the first direction, and the corresponding ends in the first direction of each main connecting element are connected to the ends of two connecting portions of adjacent rows of connecting sections, arranged in a checkerboard pattern the first direction, resulting in the formation of the main holes, bounded by two pairs of main connecting elements, a pair to complementary connecting elements in the same row, the ends of four connecting portions from adjacent rows of connecting portions and two connecting portions from adjacent rows of connecting portions on each side of the first specified rows of interconnecting portions.
    Uniaxial square and diamond structures are made of the same starting material. The raw materials are flat and contain uniformly distributed primary main holes or recesses, and between the main holes or recesses are additional, which are much smaller than the main ones. The raw material for producing a uniaxial rectangular structure has main holes or recesses in the form of a rectangular lattice and this material is drawn in a direction parallel to the side of the lattice. These materials are referred to as square shaped starting materials. Constructs made from such materials are squared.
    A common raw material for a uniaxial diamond structure has main holes or recesses located in the parallelogram grid, and the source material is drawn in a direction parallel to the diagonal of the grid. Such materials are called diamond-shaped materials, and the structures obtained from them are diamond.
    In the proposed biaxial structures, the presence of only three connecting elements in each joint provides high strength for
    rupture and impact strength. The constructions are made so that they are dispersed by the connecting elements, and not by the connections; consequently, the connections are stronger than the connecting elements. Branches limiting the main and additional holes can be oriented, resulting in a ring of oriented material around all the holes of the mesh. The design is made of rings of oriented material, which may have a high degree of orientation, interconnected (if necessary) nodes, in which there are only three connecting elements. Although each branching between adjacent connectors may be oriented in directions passing around the branching, there may be an area that is less oriented than the middle sections of the connecting elements that converge in the branching because this area prevents the beginning of the discharge. in branching.
    Biaxial netting structures can be of various purposes, in particular, can be used as lightweight structures, such as garden nets, or more heavy ones, such as nets for fishing or even fencing. Biaxial square-shaped structures are used in the hardening of asphalt (it is advisable that the structure is not balanced with the direction of higher orientation across the traffic), when it is necessary to ensure the highest tensile strength in the transverse direction to prevent the formation of potholes, as well as in the direction of traffic , to pre- allow the gap of the mesh structure.
    one ,
    The proposed uniaxial square structures can have high strength in the direction of the connecting elements for a continuously oriented material passing from one end of the structure to the other, and can also be oriented to a much greater degree by applying large total stretch ratios, can have low unit weights, high strength on
    stretching or breaking, high creep resistance and linear dependence of the load-elongation. This structure can be folded north-south (C-Yu) without folding the oriented material (which is very difficult) or folding the oriented material along the lines
    parallel orientation. The folding is done by bending the connecting elements at a large angle to the direction of orientation, which does not create a greater danger of splitting the additional connecting elements. Thus, the mesh structure can be highly oriented without splitting and laid on a rocky surface.
    soil without damage to the mesh structure due to the folding along the direction.
    or the efforts of a shift in the indicated direction.
    Uniaxial square structures.
    they are also used in hardening cement or concrete. Mesh design may have cement strength. or concrete and can be used not only as a material that influences cracking, but also as a hardening material, provided that its modules are large enough.
    Uniaxial square constructions can also be used. stabilization of embankments and breakwaters, while they provide high tensile strength per unit width and per unit weight, as well as good creep properties.
    The proposed uniaxial diamond constructions may have a good appearance and high tensile strength in the direction of
    connecting elements, and can also be used as a sunscreen material, in particular networks to protect agricultural crops, or to stabilize embankments.
    FIG. 1-4 schematically depict four steps for producing a biaxial square mesh structure for producing a uniaxial mesh structure.
    as an intermediate product; in fig. 5-7 - three stages of obtaining a biaxial structure; in fig. 8-10 - sections aa, bb, bb in fig. 6;
    in fig. II and 2 - engine design options; in fig. 13 - biaxial structure chi; in fig. 14 and 15 are the two stages of obtaining the other ;; wax square mesh construction; in fig. 16 second hole mesh design; in fig. 17-24 - square source material and uniaxial and biaxial structures obtained from it; in fig. 25-27 — three ethanes for obtaining a two-axis diamond mesh structure forming a uniaxial network structure as an intermediate product; in fig. 28-30 - three stages of obtaining a biaxial diamond construction; in fig. 31 - source material; in fig. 32 - the second hole of the mesh structure; in fig. 33 are examples of hole or recess shapes for raw materials.
    In these figures, the lines showing the profile of the structure run from top to bottom, i.e. under the straight lines to the usual contour lines. All the starting materials shown in the drawings are strictly flat, having parallel surfaces. The uniaxial and biaxial constructions derived from them are also flat with.
    The terms C-S and B-3 (east-west) are used to refer to directions that are located at right angles on the starting material or mesh construction.
    Rows B-3 extend in direction B-3, although individual connecting elements in row B-3 extend in direction C-Yu. The first effective stretching is carried out in the direction C – TH, and the second stretching (if it occurs) in the direction B-3. These directions are conditional, the actual directions on the production machine may be different.
    The degree of stretching (total or at the connecting elements) is measured after relaxation.
    Square raw materials and designs.
    . FIG. 1 shows the starting material 1, containing evenly distributed main holes or recesses 2, the centers of which are located on a conventional grid in the form of a parallelogram, and between the main holes or recesses 2
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    Additional 3 are laid, the centers of which are on the same grid, but displaced along the diagonal of the grid by at least half the distance between the main holes or recesses 2, which are located diagonally. Thus, the additional openings or recesses 3 are located in the center of the groups of four adjacent main holes or recesses 2. The lattice shown in FIG. 1 is a square lattice.
    The source material 1 is stretched in the C-10 direction, i.e. in the direction parallel to the side of the lattice, forming the uniaxial mesh structure of FIG. 2. The monoaxial mesh design has 4 main mesh openings and 3 additional mesh openings, which are much smaller in size. I Monoaxial mesh design
    then stretches in the direction B-3, forming a biaxial mesh construction (Fig. 3) | which is then stretched again in the direction C-10, forming a biaxial construction (Fig. 4).
    After the first stretching (drawing conditions are similar to those for Example 5, see table), there are zones 6 of non-oriented material and additional zones 7 of branching (Fig. 6 and 2) formed by a material that is not oriented or less oriented than the material of the main connecting elements 8. P1zh this zones 6 and 7 are much thicker than the main connecting elements 8 and have inclined surfaces (shown by strokes) connected to oriented zones or main connecting elements 8. In this case, the centers of zones 6 have the thickness of the original material. Zones 7 (Figs. 8 and 9) serve to prevent rupture. The nodes or connecting portions are formed by zones 6 and narrow oriented zones 9 having ends B-3 of connecting portions. The main connecting elements 8 are connected to the nodes by short additional connecting elements 10. Oriented zones 9 pass straight through the node and connect centered or located along the direct main connecting elements 8, the material of transverse rods (between rows of main holes or recesses 2 ) not only oriented, but actually pulled out to form additional connective elements 10, the latter being significantly shorter than the main connecting elements 8, relatively more The draw rate is used for uninterrupted strips of material, passing mainly in the C – HO direction through the structure. The strip is formed by the main connecting element 8, the additional connecting element 10, the zone 9 by the additional connecting element 10, the main connecting element 8, etc., as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 6..In zone 9, there is a slight broadening or thickening that can be obtained by changing the initial material so that it has more of its wide additional elements 10. The structure can be bent around the C-Y bend line without cracking - zone 6 is not they are bent because they are pre-curved in the direction B – 3 and the additional connecting elements 10 are bent at an angle of 45 relative to their longitudinal axes.
    FIG. 12 shows another uniaxial structure made of HDPE (Low Pressure Polyethylene), Made from the original material in FIG. 5 (see table, example 4). To obtain this construction from HDPE, the total stretch ratio is (5: 1) - (8: 1), preferably (7: 1) - (8: 1) (the total stretch ratio is 4.5: 1, if additional holes or notches 3 are missing). The central parts of the main connecting elements 8 are subjected to stretching with a stretching ratio (12: 1) to (15: 1). Additional connecting elements 10 are significantly shorter than in FIG. 6, which is caused by the use of HDPE instead of Ш1 (polypropylene).
    FIG. 12 additional connecting elements 10 are elongated significantly less than the main connecting elements 8. However, the degree of stretching may be the same for connecting elements 8 and 10 (i.e. connecting elements 8 and 10 may
    be oriented to the same degree) by appropriately arranging the holes or recesses 2 and 3 so that the width X of the zone that forms the main connecting elements 8 (Fig. 5) is equal to twice the width of the zone Y forming the additional connecting elements 10 (installed that 2Y should be less than X, since the voltage is divided at the additional hole 3).
    The uniaxial structure (Fig. 6) is reduced in the direction B-3 as it is drawn, and the additional mesh openings 5 are reduced in width. The additional openings of the grid 5 can be closed directly in the middle or form closed gaps (see Fig. 11). The shape of the additional mesh aperture 5 may vary. Zone 6 / Fig. 5) are extended into elements 11, zones 7 are also extended (immediately before or immediately after zones 6). Zones 12 (thicker zones) at the ends of the additional mesh openings 5, which are oriented to form zones 9 during the first stretch (Fig. 6), are formed from oriented material unoriented to the same extent as elements 8 and 11. The total extent is When the first stretch in the B-3 direction can be 7: 1, if this value was 3: 1 in the first stretch in the C-Yu direction, first center the additional connecting elements 10 and then orient them. It is preferable to stretch the elements 1I with a stretch ratio equal to the degree of stretching of the main connecting elements 8 or zones 9 and the elements 1 1 or all of the elements 8, 10 and 11. When obtaining the biaxial construction of FIG. 7, when stretching, there should be no restriction in the direction of the north-south.
    In the C-U nodes shown in FIG. 7, all three branches have a high degree of orientation. In nodes B-3, two of the branches have a high degree of orientation in the direction around the branch, and the third branch is less oriented in the direction of the branch and contains a thick, less oriented zone 12. Zones 12 are formed by
    that the oriented sides of the direction B-3 of the additional holes 5 of the grid of FIG. 6 thickens with B-3 drawdown time, although the orientation is somewhat the same. Zone 12 also serves to prevent splitting and stops the splitting of elements 11 down from the middle. However, the structure can be re-stretched (for example, by 20%) with a total voltage value of 1.2: 1 without stretching in order to re-center the additional connecting elements 10 in the initial direction (see FIG. 4) and extend the zones 12 and create a highly oriented material, the orientation of which passes exactly around the additional mesh holes or recesses 5, as well as around the main mesh holes 4,
    The biaxial structure of FIG. 13 is constructed in the same way as the construction of FIG. 7, but with less restriction in the C-Yu direction during the second stretching of B-3, i.e. near the center of the laboratory sample. Preferential centering exists in the direction of B-3.
    FIG. 14 and 15 correspond to FIG. 1 and 3 or 4, although the starting material 1 is chosen different. Additional apertures or depressions 3 are considerably removed from the edges of the respective imaginary zones, which lie between the rows of main openings or depressions 2 and are tangential to them. The connecting elements 8, 10 and 1 of FIG. 16, not all have the same thickness, with the elements 11 being thinner than the connecting elements 8 and 10, and drastically thickening in zone 13. In addition, there are somewhat thicker portions 14 in the branches at the corners of the additional holes 5, the mesh, although these branches are all still relatively well oriented in the direction around the fork.
    FIG. 17-20, the initial material and uniaxial mesh structures obtained from it are shown, and the contour of uniaxial mesh structures is shown by hatching. The effect of having a slot 3 with an orientation of B-3 in FIG. 19 is to have a more prominent zone 7 in
    uniaxial design (Fig. 20), it may be appropriate when forming the structure. 5 To obtain biaxial structures, it is not necessary to form a structure similar to the uniaxial structures of FIG. 2 or 6. The biaxial structure of FIG. 7 is formed as 10 is indicated above, since complete relaxation in the C-10 direction is allowed during the second stretch (B-3). In addition to compression, some B-3 compression during the first stretch (C-10) allows 5 to use large stretch ratios. During production, it is more convenient to carry out the first stretching (C-10) in the direction of the working stroke (M) of the machine, and the second stretching, in the transverse
    0 direction.
    With pronounced thickenings of fuses in zones -7 (Fig. 2c), there is a danger that when stretched in direction B-3
    5, the additional connecting elements 10 may break and the main connecting elements 8 split upwards from the middle. This can be eliminated by using
    0 of the starting material 1 of FIG. 5. In accordance with the used total exhaust ratio, the orientation can go down along the sides of additional holes or deepening of SRI 3, cause only partial extension of additional connecting elements 10 or stop drawing of additional connecting elements 10. The last two possibilities can provide a good biaxial mesh construction, xc1t stretching will not be balanced (more in the direction of V-Zu than in the directions of S-Yu). This kind of balancing can be corrected by additional stretching in the direction of the C – U.
    The reduced pitch in direction B-3 of the main holes or recesses 2 provides better control, and also prevents the main connecting elements 8 from breaking the rod in direction B-3, because elements 8 are too narrow to stretch Y zones. Therefore, the total stretch ratio for The first stretch depends on the material. However, high-quality biaxial constructions can be obtained with the second 5
    givania For example, the total stretch ratios for the first and second stretches can be 3: 1 and 7: 1, respectively, providing a stretch ratio for an area of 21: 1 (for some cases, there is no balance in the biaxial design).
    Figures 23 and 24 show the starting material, which is intended to produce a uniaxial network structure, and a uniaxial network structure obtained from such
    source material. I.
     As seen in FIG. 23 and 24, the rod between the additional holes or recesses 3 is weakened or reduced in mass by means of the second additional holes 15 or recesses. The said rod extends in the C-10 direction, with the second additional holes or recesses 15 forming the second additional holes 16 of the mesh construction. At the same time, each connecting section 6 and 9 is connected only to two additional connecting elements 10. Connecting elements / 10 diverge from their two adjacent main connecting elements 8 in the same row of B-3, connecting sections 6 and 9 have a main hole on one side 4. grid, and on the other side of the second additional hole 1 of the grid. The connecting sections 6 and 9 mainly coincide or are centered in the C-Y direction with the main opening 4 of the grid and the second additional opening 16 of the grid. A notch 15 is formed and the membrane can be stopped in the second additional opening 16 of the mesh. Each connecting section 6 (9) is connected on one side with a corresponding connecting section 6 (9) of the next row B-3 by means of two mainly parallel oriented third connecting elements 17, extending in the C-Yu direction. The second and additional holes 5 and 16 of the grid of each such row have alternating second and additional holes 5 and 16 of the grid. The second and additional holes GB and 5 of the grid are separated by the corresponding additional connecting elements 17.
    The table presents data on the receipt of five different square structures.
    Example 1 reflects the preparation of a known construction, and examples 2-5 are made in accordance with FIG. 18,
    10 20, 5 and 6.
    In each case, the holes (example 1) or base holes 2 (example 2-5) in the starting material, filled through, have a round
    5, and are arranged along a rectangular grid with a step in each direction equal to double the diameter. The diameter of all holes is 12.7 mm. In examples 2-5, additional branches 3, made in the starting material, are removed by equidistant distances from the centers of the main holes 2 around them. The length of the main axis of the slotted additional hole (example 2 and 3) was 6.3 mm, the length of the minor axis of the additional holes (examples 2 and 3) of the mesh design and the diameter of the additional holes was 3.175 mm. Everything
    0 raw materials were stretched at 99 ° C. Relative stiffness (in GPa) was calculated at 40% peak load and corresponded approximately to Young's modulus.
    5 The advantages of the design according to example 5 are due to the orientation of the additional connecting elements 10 to the same extent as the basic connecting elements 8.
    The main holes 2 are located on a square lattice with a pitch of 2W in width (B-3) and length (C-Yu), the additional holes 3 are much smaller and have a width and length of W / 4.
    5 Diamond raw material and structure.
    FIG. 25-27 the source material 1 has a distribution of the main and additional holes or recesses of SRI 2 and 3 in the form of a diamond grid. The starting material I (see Fig. 28) is initially stretched in the C-10 direction, creating the construction of Fig. 29, in which the inclined zones 18
    5 (lying on the diagonal x) of the bezel with the original main holes or recesses 2 are extended into the long main connecting elements 19.
    The zones 20 C-Yu between the additional holes or the g-and 2 gaps are stretched into the short additional connecting elements 21, which are connected by the short connecting gaps 22 with areas of unoriented material, which initially lie in zones 23 between the additional holes or recesses mi 3 and adjacent coaxial main holes mi 2 in the direction of the south. However, there is a strip of oriented plastic extending from the one main connecting element 19 at the end of or. the edge 24 of the connecting node, on the additional connecting element 21 and t, d,
    Subsequently, the construction of FIG. 26 and 29 may be stretched in the direction B-3, with the portions 22 being drawn into additional short members 25 (Figs. 30 and 32) with oriented material extending along the entire length around the additional openings or notches 5 as well as the entire length around the main holes 4 of the grid (see Fig. 32). The elements 25, if necessary, can be stretched to the same stretch ratio as the elements 21.
    In order to obtain elements 2 and 25 of size JI, of identical length, it is advisable that the two dimensions shown by the arrows in FIG. 28 were about the same.
    The holes or recesses in the starting material may have any suitable shape. The holes or grooves that should form additional mesh holes may be very small or puncture holes, with the holes being a trace in the starting material. The appearance of an extruded structure depends on the shape, size, pitch, and distribution of the holes or recesses, the thickness of the original, Go material, and the ratio of the stretch. Basic and additional elements
    may have the same length, but it is advisable that the additional connecting elements would be the core of the main ones.
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    FIG. 33 shows the shapes of holes or recesses that may be used.
    The source material may have openings 2 J, 3, and 15, forming open ches in the finished structure, or depressions 2, 3, and 15, forming recessed membranes that break when pulled, so that open chests are formed in the Ready design. In another embodiment, T recesses 3 forming additional mesh openings should be located so that they do not tear through, leaving a membrane or partition in the finished structure. In this case, it is advisable that the membrane be located in the middle between the front surfaces. The mesh structures are preferably flattened (the flat starting material forms a flat product when the stretching is carried out in accordance with the invention).
    In the particular use of the Round Holes shown in FIG. 1 and 19. The thickness of HDPE is 4.5 mm, the large or main holes 2 may have a diameter of 6 mm. At a pitch of 12 mm, while smaller or additional holes 3 have, for example, dia-. meter 3 mm and width 2 mm or diameter and width 2 mm. Punching is advisable to form holes.
    The starting material may have a thickness of, for example, 0.125-12.4 mm, preferably T 0.75-6 mm. The starting material may be plastic, for example, HDPE, LDPE, PP, copolymers of HDPE and PP, and polyamides.
    It is important that the material being stretched has the same temperature (stretching is performed at a temperature above the second-order transition temperature of plastic, but well below the softening point, for example, for HDPE, the preferred temperature range is 95-110 ° C, and for PP it is 98-120 0).
    When drawn, the structures may be annealed in a known manner.
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    113035, Moscow, Zh-35., Rauyska nab. 4/5
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    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    1, One-piece mesh construction made of plastic, containing an orderly arranged group of octagonal basic holes bounded by oriented connecting elements interconnected by nodes, the branches in the nodes of connecting elements oriented in the direction along the branching, and at least one branching includes an area with a smaller degree of orientation than the middle sections of the connecting elements intersecting in this branching, is that with the aim of increasing the NOSTA breaking grid structure and its creep resistance, the nodes connecting elements between the main openings are arranged additional smaller opening size than the core, to form three connecting elements in the branches of each node.
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    2. One-piece mesh construction made of plastic, containing rows of parallel connecting elements that are parallel to each other and oriented in the directions of drawing with the formation of columns with the main connecting elements of adjacent rows, with rows arranged perpendicular to the direction of drawing, - discontinuous rows of connecting parts that have unoriented zones or zones with a lesser degree of orientation than the central zones of the main connecting elements, the main openings limited to the adjacent and connecting elements of the same row and connecting sections, each connecting section being aligned in the direction of drawing with the main hole, differs from that in order to increase the tensile strength of the mesh structure and its creep resistance, it contains oriented additional I
    connecting elements and the first additional holes placed between the connecting sections,
    each of which each end of the main connecting element is branched into two additional connecting elements, and the ends of the connecting sections in the direction of the rows are connected to the ends of two additional connecting elements branching out from two adjacent main connecting elements of the same series, while the corresponding ends of each connecting section are also connected with two additional connecting elements branching out from the two main connecting elements of the next row, basic otverstiya.takzhe limited to four additional connecting elements diverging from the ends of the two main connecting elements, and the first additional openings are arranged
    I
    in columns with corresponding main connecting elements in the direction of drawing and limited by two additional connecting elements diverging from the end of the main connecting element of one row, and two additional connecting elements diverging from the end of the main
    connecting element the next
    adjacent row.
    [3]
    3. Design pop. 2, characterized in that it contains additional holes located in columns in alternation with the main holes and separated from them by connecting sections and located in rows in alternation with the first additional holes.
    [4]
    4. One-piece plastic mesh construction containing rows of main connecting elements parallel to each other, oriented in the direction of drawing, the main connecting elements of the same row being centered with the main connecting elements of the adjacent row and arranged to form columns with them perpendicular to the rows, · Intermittent rows of connecting sections with non-oriented zones with a lower degree of orientation than the central zones of the main connecting elements The main apertures are placed between the main connecting elements and the connecting areas, the aphid is 1 in order to increase the tensile strength of the net structure and its creep resistance, it contains oriented ones. additional connecting elements and additional holes, while the corresponding additional connecting elements of alternating rows are centered relative to each other, the ends of the connecting sections are connected to the ends of 'adjacent additional connecting elements in each row, and the adjacent additional connecting elements of one row are connected to two ends of two connecting sections adjacent rows with the possibility of placing between them additional holes. Each of which is limited to two soy initelnymi portions and two additional connecting members, wherein additional otvetstiya arranged in rows and alternating rows of holes doyblnitelnye centered in drawing direction, wherein the subsequent additional holes
    1238727
    rows are located in the direction of drawing with offset and the corresponding ends of each main connecting element are connected to the ends of two connecting sections of adjacent rows of connecting sections that are located offset in the direction of drawing and with the possibility of placing between them the main holes, bounded by two pairs of basic connecting elements, two additional connecting elements of the same row, the ends of the four connecting sections of adjacent rows of connecting - sections and two ial sites on both sides of the first rows of the connecting portions.
    one
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    SU1238727A3|1986-06-15|Versions of non-detachable net plastic structure
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ZA822296B|1983-02-23|
    GR76469B|1984-08-10|
    JPS5812737A|1983-01-24|
    ES284311U|1986-04-16|
    YU74182A|1985-10-31|
    CA1201565A|1986-03-11|
    HK22887A|1987-03-20|
    JPH0315533B2|1991-03-01|
    ES284310Y|1986-12-01|
    ES280861Y|1986-04-01|
    NZ200219A|1985-09-13|
    ES280861U|1985-06-16|
    GB2096531A|1982-10-20|
    ES284311Y|1986-12-01|
    AU547339B2|1985-10-17|
    MY8700253A|1987-12-31|
    BR8201880A|1983-03-08|
    AU8231782A|1982-10-07|
    KR830010253A|1983-12-30|
    ES284310U|1986-04-16|
    US4574100A|1986-03-04|
    HU183877B|1984-06-28|
    EP0062462A1|1982-10-13|
    AT23056T|1986-11-15|
    GB2096531B|1985-07-24|
    DE3273902D1|1986-11-27|
    EP0062462B1|1986-10-22|
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    DD94251A|
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    US3985600A|1971-07-09|1976-10-12|Consolidated-Bathurst Limited|Method for slitting a film|
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    NO152611C|1978-10-16|1985-10-23|Plg Res|PLASTIC NETWORK CONSTRUCTION, PROCEDURE FOR ITS MANUFACTURING AND USE OF THE CONSTRUCTION|AT20325T|1981-10-05|1986-06-15|Plg Res|PLASTIC NET STRUCTURE.|
    GB2124965B|1982-07-06|1986-05-29|Plg Res|Mesh structure and laminate made therewith|
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    GB8509498D0|1985-04-12|1985-05-15|Plg Res|Plastics material mesh structure|
    IT1197855B|1986-08-07|1988-12-21|Rdb Plastotecnica Spa|PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING MOLECULAR GUIDELINES IN PERFORATED SHEETS IN EXTRUDED PLASTIC MATERIAL, AND PRODUCT OBTAINED|
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    EP3359745A4|2015-10-09|2019-04-24|Tensar Corporation, LLC|Geogrid made from a coextruded multilayered polymer|
    US10813463B2|2017-12-05|2020-10-27|Steelcase Inc.|Compliant backrest|
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    USD907383S1|2019-05-31|2021-01-12|Steelcase Inc.|Chair with upholstered back|
    USD907935S1|2019-05-31|2021-01-19|Steelcase Inc.|Chair|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    GB8110472|1981-04-03|
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