• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    An apparatus and process for casting metals wherein the molten metal is contained and formed into a desired shape by the application of an electromagnetic field. A control system is utilized to minimize variations in the gap between the molten metal and an inductor which applies the magnetic field. The gap or an electrical parameter related thereto is sensed and used to control the current to the inductor.
    公开号:SU1209022A3
    申请号:SU782696305
    申请日:1978-12-12
    公开日:1986-01-30
    发明作者:Колин Ярвуд Джон；Янг Ян Айк；Эдвард Тайлер Дерек；Иерген Киндлманн Питер
    申请人:Олин Корпорейшн (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    the division unit, the second input of which is connected to the first input of the first phase-sensitive rectifier via a scaling unit and a frequency to voltage converter.
    4. An apparatus for implementing a method for controlling a continuous casting process of a metal, comprising a crystallizer, an inductor, an inductor power supply, an inductor voltage sensor, a metal level sensor with a linear converter, characterized in that it is equipped with two filters to increase the accuracy of the ingot production. , frequency to voltage converter, current sensor, power meter, analog-to-digital converter, calculator, digital-to-analog converter /
    The invention relates to metallurgy, in particular, to methods and devices for the continuous casting of metals with induction heating, preferably copper and its alloys.
    The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy of manufacture of the ingot.
    FIG. 1 shows the technological installation of the casting 1 tg1ll in FIG. 2 - device for implementation. NIN way, option 1; in fig. 3 - the same, in case of operation with variable frequency; Fig, 4 - device option 2.
    A device for carrying out the method (option i) contains a cooler 1 and an inductor 2, which form a crystal. the lyser, the inductor power supply 3, consisting of the generator 4 and the converter 5, the inductor voltage sensor 6, the reference signal adjuster 7, the differential amplifier 8, the inductor current sensor 9, the current-voltage converter 10, the I1 quadrature reference signals, phase-sensitive rectifiers 12 and 13, dividing unit 14, matching amplifier 15, additional dividing unit 16, weighing 09022
    a voltage regulator and a frequency regulator, the voltage sensor output through the first filter is connected to the input of the frequency converter to voltage and the first input of a power meter, the inductor current sensor through the second filter is connected to the second input of a power meter, the level sensor output through a linear converter , the output of the frequency converter to the voltage and the output of the power meter; it is connected to the input of the analog-digital converter connected to the computer, the outputs of which through a digital-to-analog converter The driver is connected to the inputs of the voltage regulator and the frequency regulator, the outputs of which are connected to the inductor power supply.
    Block 17, frequency converter 18 to voltage.
    An apparatus for carrying out the method (variant 2,;.. FIG. 4) comprises a power supply 3, an inductor 25 an inductor current sensor 9, an inductor voltage sensor 6, filters 19 and 20, a frequency to voltage converter 21, a power meter 22,
    a molten metal level sensor 23; , linear converter 24, analog-to-digital converter 25, calculator 26, digital-to-analog converter 27, voltage regulator 28, frequency regulator 29.
    In addition, the process unit (see Fig. 1) contains a funnel 30 for pouring molten metal 31 into the mold,
    and an ingot extrusion unit 32.
    The device implementation method (option 1) works as follows (Fig. 2 and 3).
    The molten metal 31 is continuously fed to the crystallizer through the funnel 30.
    The alternating current of the source 3 creates in the inductor 2 a magnetic field that interacts with the molten upper part of the metal 31,
    3
    creating in it eddy currents. These eddy currents, in turn, interact with the magnetic field, creating a magnetic pressure force that is applied to the upper part of the metal 31 and forms the desired cross section as it is exposed. The cooling of the metal and the formation of the ingot are carried out with the help of cooler I, and the drawing of the ingot is carried out with the help of a 32-inch extraction unit.
    The inductance of the inductor depends on the size of the gap between the inductor and the ingot as follows;
    (2D-dJ,
    (one)
    where L is the inductance of the inductor D is the diameter of the inductor, dg is the air gap between the inductor and ingot K is the coefficient which determines the system configuration, the level of the molten metal, the level of solidification boundary taken with respect to the inductor, the electrical conductivity of the metal and the frequency of the current K varies slightly depending on the height h of the molten metal. Thus, the inductance of an inductor-ingot system is a function of the gap d (., And the reactance of the system is determined by the equation
    ,
    (2)
    where X, - inductive resistance, L - inductance of the system; f is the frequency. Load impedance
    determined by the equation
     + (2irfL), (3)
    where Z is the load impedance
    R is the active resistance, and this resistance determines the current flowing in the circuit and ensuring the retention of the molten part of the metal, and the current I is determined by the equation
    t-
    - ъ
    (J)
    where and is the voltage source;
    Z - impedance of the system inductor - ingot.
    090224
    The quality of the ingot is determined by the constant maintenance of the gap d, which can be ensured by setting a certain voltage on
    5 output of the source 3 of the power supply of the inductor at a constant frequency, setting a certain frequency at a constant voltage or setting a certain frequency and voltage
    10 in their combination. In accordance with this requirement, reactance X is determined for option 1 in process control system, depending on gap d, and this
    Parameter 15 is used as a control signal.
    To do this, using the sensor 6, the voltage on the inductor 2 is measured, and the current of the inductor is measured 2 by using the sensor 2Q of the current 9. The output of current sensor 9 is connected to current converter 10 to voltage, the signal from the output of which is fed to the first input of the shaper 1 1 of the supported quadrature signals and to the first phase of the phase-sensitive top 13. 13. The second input of the last goes straight (0 ° | the reference signal from the driver 11. At the output of the phase-coil, of the rectifier I3, a signal is selected based on the main harmonic of the supply current.
    The reference signal is shifted in phase by 90 ° from the imaging unit 11 to the second input of the phase-sensitive rectifier 12, to the first input of which the signal comes from the voltage sensor 6. At the output of the phase-sensitive rectifier 12, a signal is generated based on the main harmonic of the voltages due to the reactance (or induction). From the outputs of phase-sensitive detectors 12 and 13, the signals arrive at dividing unit 14, from which the signal proportional to Hz is fed to the input of the differential amplifier 8, to the second input of which the signal comes from the unit 7 of the reference signal.
    5 From the output of the differential amplifier 8, the signal through the matching amplifier 15 is fed to the converter 5, which controls the generator 4. In the case of operation of the variable frequency device (Fig. 3), an additional dividing unit 16 is introduced into it, the scaling unit 17 and the converter 18 frequency voltage.
    35
    40
    five
    five
    The signal from the output of the frequency converter 18 to the voltage through the scaling unit 17 is fed to the input of the additional division unit 16, from the output of which a signal proportional to the induction L is fed to the control system.
    A device for carrying out the method (option 2) works in the following way (Fig. 4).
    From voltage sensor 6, through filter 19, the signal is fed to the inputs of frequency converter 21 to voltage and power meter 22, to the second input of which, through filter 20, a signal comes from the output of current sensor 9. The output signal from the converter 21, proportional to the frequency, and the output signals of the power meter 22, proportional to the mean square value of the voltage U, the square value of the current J and the effective power KW supplied to the inductor 2, are fed to the input of the analog-digital converter 25, through a linear Converter 24 also receives a signal from a molten metal level sensor 23. The outputs of the calculator 26 connected to the converter 255 through a digital-to-analog converter 27 are connected to the inputs of voltage regulators 28 and 29 frequencies, the outputs of which are connected to the converter 5 of the power supply 3.
    090226
    As the calculator 26, a microprocessor of the type RDR-8 from Digital Equipment Inc. can be used.
    5 The program for calculator 26 is compiled in such a way that the data arriving at its input calculates the apparent power KUA, phase angle 9, total resistance 10 Z, reactance X and induction L using the following relations:
     ; (five)
    Y cos
    Z-1-
    X Z-sin 9.
    -1, KV7. . Kua
    (6)
    (7)
    (8) (9)
    Based on the formula (1), the gap d (.) Is calculated and compared with the specified value d, the difference
    used as a control signal.
    The device for option 2 has the advantage that it can operate at a fixed frequency
    without a frequency regulator 29, at a fixed voltage without a voltage regulator 28, and also with the ability to regulate by that and another parameter. In addition, the signal
    from level 23 sensor can be disconnected.
    ./
    FIG. /

    Fi9l
    VNIIPI 305/61 Circulation 757 Subscription Filyah PPP Patent, Uzhgorod, Projecto st., 4
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    METHOD FOR CONTROLING THE PROCESS OF CONTINUOUS METAL CASTING AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION (ITS OPTIONS) · (57) I. Method of controlling the process of continuous casting of metal by forming an ingot using the electromagnetic field of the inductor, according to which the voltage across the inductor is measured, excluding β β and th. with the fact that, in order to increase the accuracy of manufacturing the ingot, the inductor current is additionally measured, the inductor current is converted to a voltage, from which two reference harmonics are formed, 90 phase-shifted from one another relative to each other, and the inductor voltage is shifted in phase by 90 °, - take the ratio of this voltage to current and, in accordance with this ratio, change the power of the inductor to match the ratio with a given value.
    [2]
    2. A device for implementing a method for controlling a process of continuous casting of metal, comprising a crystallizer, an inductor, an inductor power source, an inductor voltage sensor and a reference signal generator connected to an input of a differential amplifier, the output of which is connected to an inductor power source, characterized in that, in order to improve the accuracy of manufacturing the ingot, it ·. equipped with an inductor current sensor, a current to voltage converter, a quadrature reference signal shaper, two phase-sensitive rectifiers, a division unit, the current sensor output being connected to the current to voltage converter input, the current to voltage converter output connected to the input of the quadrature reference signal former and the first input of the first phase-sensitive rectifier, the second input of which is connected to a direct (0 °) output of the driver of the reference quadrature signals, the output of the voltage sensor with union of the first input of a phase-tion of the second rectifier to a second input of which is connected a quadrature (90 °) output of reference generator of quadrature signals, outputs of the first and second phase-sensitive rectifiers are connected to the inputs of the block division, the output of which is connected to the input of the differential amplifier.
    [3]
    3. The device pop. 2, characterized in that between the input of the differential amplifier and the division unit, an additional division unit is introduced, the second input of which is connected to the first input of the first phase-sensitive rectifier through a scaling unit and a frequency to voltage converter.
    [4]
    4. A device for implementing a method for controlling a process of continuous casting of metal, containing a mold, inductor, inductor power supply, inductor voltage sensor, metal level sensor with a linear converter, characterized in that, in order to improve the accuracy of the manufacture of the ingot, it is equipped with two filters, a converter frequency to voltage, current sensor, power meter, analog-to-digital converter, calculator, digital-to-analog converter. voltage regulator and frequency regulator, and the output of the voltage sensor through the first filter is connected to the input of the frequency converter in the voltage and the first input of the power meter, the inductor current sensor through the second filter is connected to the second input of the power meter, the output of the level sensor through a linear converter, output the frequency to voltage converter and the output of the power meter are connected to the input of an analog-to-digital converter connected to a computer, the outputs of which are through a digital-to-analog converter Tel connected with voltage and frequency control inputs of the controller, whose outputs are connected to the power source and inducer.
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US05/905,889|US4161206A|1978-05-15|1978-05-15|Electromagnetic casting apparatus and process|
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