• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    1. A METHOD FOR MAKING A TAPE ELECTRODE OF A FUEL ELEMENT containing at least one thin porous conductive layer by passing a powdered cathode material moistened with organic liquid between the calender rolls, in order to stabilize the characteristics by increasing the homogeneity of the structure, first get the electrode material by mixing the aqueous dispersion of coal powder with the binder emulsion, depositing the binder on the powder, drying and dry grinding, and then wetting powder by liquid, eliminating by sticking the sticking of powder granules to calender rollers wetting granules selected from the group consisting of cyclohexanone, decalin.tetralin and white spirit in the amount of 15-20 cm per 30 g of powder for cyclohexanone and accordingly 14-20 cm for whiteU) spirit, 13-19 cm for tetralin and decalin and calendered without a substrate. 2, the method according to claim 1, wherein the method is different and THAT; the aqueous dispersion of the carbon powder contains a catalyst. four; with joint venture 4j
    公开号:SU1114357A3
    申请号:SU802999105
    申请日:1980-10-17
    公开日:1984-09-15
    发明作者:Грул Пьер；Сивье Даниель；Прео Жак
    申请人:Сосьете Женераль Де Констрюксьон Электрик Э Меканик "Альстом" Э Ко (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    This invention relates to chemical current sources and relates to a method for manufacturing a ribbon electrode of a fuel cell. A known method for manufacturing a flammable electrode of a fuel cell is by mixing the aqueous dispersion of coal powder with a binder emulsion, depositing the binder on the powder by drying and grinding 1. However, this method requires the use of a substrate to strengthen the electrode. Closest to the present invention is a method for manufacturing a ribbon electrode of a fuel cell containing at least one thin porous conductive layer, according to which the powdered electrode material moistened with an organic liquid, hexane, between rolls of a calender 2 is passed. However, electrodes manufactured in a known manner have non-reproducible properties due to the heterogeneity of their structure. The purpose of the invention is to increase the homogeneity of the electrode structure. This goal is achieved in that, according to the method for producing a ribbon electrode of a fuel cell containing at least one thin porous conductive layer, by passing the powdered electrode material moistened with an organic liquid between the calender rolls, the electrode material is first prepared by mixing an aqueous dispersion of carbon powder with emulsion of the binder, precipitate the binder on the powder, perform drying and dry grinding, and then moisten the powder with a liquid that removes adhesion of the powder granules to the rollers calender and wetting granules and selected from the group containing cyclohexanone, tetralin, decalin, white spirit, in the amount of 15-20 cm per 30 g of solid material for cyclohexanone, 14-20 cm in 30 g for white spirit and 13-19 cm for tetralin and decalin, and calendered without substrate. Preferably, the aqueous dispersion of the carbon powder contains a catalyst. The absence of a blowing agent and calendering without a substrate makes it possible to obtain a thin uniform layer that does not contain cracks. Example. In order to uniformly deposit the binding agent on the coal powder, it is advisable to use the aqueous dispersion and binding agent in a highly diluted form in order to obtain a more homogeneous mixture of the two components before deposition. Thus, the aqueous dispersion of coal powder may contain 10-50 g / l of coal, depending on the nature of the coal used; 1 bearing or not carrying a catalyst, such as platinum. Both carbon black and active carbon can be used. After dispersion, degassing is performed in order to eliminate the presence of air bubbles at the level of the surface of the coal granules. According to the invention, the binding agent is polytetrafluoroethylene and it is advisable to use an emulsion containing about 100-120 g of dry extract per liter. This emulsion can be obtained by diluting a more concentrated emulsion containing, for example, 400-600 g of polytetrafluoroethylene per kg of emulsion. This emulsion may contain stabilizers, which are then removed after precipitation by simple washing with water. The mixture of coal and emulsion of the binding agent is carried out with an adjustable chain of less than 18 ° C, preferably from 12 to 15 ° C in order to avoid spontaneous precipitation. In addition, for the same purpose, the pH of the dispersion and the emulsion are balanced before mixing. Then, by increasing the temperature, precipitation is initiated, increasing the temperature, for example, to 25-30 ° C., The introduction of cations, for example, by feeding diluted hydrochloric acid. After precipitation and possible washing with water, depending on whether stabilizing agents are present or not, they are dried, then dry milled, preferably in a knife crusher. After some time of grinding, without interrupting it, the liquid is moistened to prevent the granules from sticking to the shafts.
    calender by wetting said granules.
    According to the invention, said fluid is selected in the group containing cyclohexanone, tetralin, decalin, white spirit in the amount of 13-20 cm of liquid per 30 g of solid product.
    Upon completion of this operation, the powder product is placed in the bunker directly feeding the calender without using the substrate, and after calendering at ambient temperature, a self-supporting porous conductive tape is obtained. The binding agent may also be polyvinyl chloride, but in this case it is unacceptable to use cyclohexanone as a moisturizing fluid, since this substance dissolves polyvinyl chloride. The thin layer porosity is adjusted to a given value by controlling the flow rate of the powder that feeds the calender and the rotational speed trees calender. The tape thickness can be adjusted simply by adjusting the gap between the cylinder of the calender. It is practically possible to obtain thicknesses from a few micrometers to several hundred micrometers. The method according to the invention makes it possible to produce thin porous multilayer tapes by co-calendering in a cold state several layers obtained by the described method. It is also possible to continuously manufacture a tape containing two layers: a barrier layer containing coal and a bonding and catalytic layer, containing coal, carrying a catalyst and a bonding agent, with the weight amount of the bonding agent in each of the layers, namely polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE ) can be 20-99%, and coal - 80-1%. Thus, the electrode contains a barrier and a catalytic layer. The barrier layer, which is electrically conductive, provides for the electron transfer of the catalytic layer to the element collector, while ensuring, due to its porosity, the achievement of gaseous reagents (hydrogen and air) by diffusing the catalytic layer at a low feed pressure.
    In addition, due to its hydrophobicity, the barrier layer localizes the liquid-gas interface in the mass of the active layer. The active or catalytic layer, due to its electrical conductivity, allows the electron transfer of the reaction zones to the reservoir through the barrier layer while providing ionic diffusion to the reaction zones or the same from them, as well as the introduction of reagents, which is ensured both by its porosity and thickness. It has catalytic activity against the electrbchemical process. For such layers act as follows. First of all, in order to get a catalytic layer on one side, 120 g of coal from 20% platinum is dispersed into 4.5 l of double distilled water with stirring at a temperature of about 12 ° C, followed by thorough degassing of this suspension. On the other hand, in 3 liters of double distilled water, 487 g of a polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion containing 37% of dry extract was diluted at 12-15 ° C. Then the catalyst dispersion is poured into an emulsion of polytetrafluoroethylene at a temperature below 15 ° C, continuing to mix to homogenize the mixture, excluding the separation of the latter. Then the bonding agent is precipitated by adding hydrochloric acid in diluted form, and the precipitation time is about 10 minutes. The coagulum is filtered off, then dried in a drying oven for 10 hours. Then, it is ground in a dry form and in the course of its very slight removal by a liquid, such as cyclohexane, tetralin, decalin, and white spirit. The purpose of using such a liquid is to prevent the granules from sticking onto the calender rolls by lubricating them and preventing clumping as a result of the sticking of individual granules. In addition, this fluid allows the final porosity to be controlled within certain limits. When using polytetrafluoroethylene, it is advisable to use cyclohexanone. The powder so moistened serves as a material, fed into the calender to produce a thin ribbon, as described. Secondly, the blocking J layer is obtained in the following manner. 90 g of carbon is dispersed in 2 L of double distilled water with stirring, then this suspension is degassed. In addition, an emulsion of 568 g of polytetrafluoroethylene is obtained in 2 liters of double distilled water at a temperature of 12-15 ° C. Then the dispersion is mixed with the suspension, as in the analytical layer. Osaccination is then carried out, raising the temperature to more than about 25 minutes. 76 The product is dried in an oven at 80 ° C for 24 hours, milled and moistened as in the preparation of the catalytic bed. The powder thus obtained is served, in turn, into a calender and another thin tape is obtained. Both tapes thus obtained are calendered together to form a two-layer electrode, which is then dried and, if necessary, subjected to heat treatment to modify the hydrophobicity. The electrode thus obtained contains 30% coal and 70% polytetrafluoroethylene in the barrier layer.
    Ettk 82,517-19,1 Niklo- 247t5 IHE 6p Sm 17.5 13.5 15 15 Ifr Soot 36 17 15.3 20 18 Ft “Cyclo-250+ PTFE 70PTfE 82.5 S hexaSac 27C“ m 17.5 16 11 , 2 18.8
    pt Jgo
    WATERS 82.5 9
    tbnuro15 hexaKOtt
    Soot IISash 17.5 - 9 - 18.6
    PtZ1520
    PTTE MWPE 82.5 12
    14 Saka 36 Saka t7.5 18 15 20 18 White-245 Spirit Pt4
    PTFE 60PTRE 82.5
    TetraSazh 36 .With 17.5 12 15 13 18
    Pt41719. PTTE 60PTrt 82.5 12 15 lJ 18 36 Sazh y, 5 1719 Pt4 and B - ““ itch af mtp 248 ± 5 о
    25014 40-53 52-59 46-574057.8
     47-58 48-58 48-585356.8
    57 Lpkali 255 47-56 48-58 48-58, 53 (potential at 1 G eur and current g for current t A / (m} 56.1 58.3 50-5 $ 52-59 52-56.5 5354 53 , 5 56.8 43-55 52-39 49-5845.9 57.8 46-57 50-59 -57.5 52.5 56.5
    and A0% of the catalyst and 60% of polytetrafluoroethylene in the catalytic layer. Such bilayer electrodes are easily embedded in fuel filter filter element designs, in which the removal of current is molded through collectors with points or lines that are several millimeters apart, such as a bipolar corrugated collector. Such a collector may consist of any electrically conductive material, it is advisable - an izlist of plastic material containing conductive, in particular, carbon fibers. The contact between the collector and the electrode
    provide either with pressure, preferably by welding or by gluing with an electrically conductive adhesive, preferably an epoxy resin with carbon filler.
    The method of current selection on electrodes manufactured according to the invention and containing a large proportion of polytetrafluoroethylene allows to obtain current densities of about 300 mA / cm for hydrogen and 200 mA / cm l air at relatively low atmospheric overvoltages not exceeding, for example, 200 mV.
    The table summarizes the characteristics of the electrodes obtained according to the proposed method ..
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    1. METHOD FOR PRODUCING A TAPE ELECTRODE OF A FUEL CELL containing at least one thin porous conductive layer by passing a cathode powder material moistened with an organic liquid between calender rolls, characterized in that, in order to stabilize the characteristics by increasing the uniformity of the structure, they first obtain electrode material by mixing an aqueous dispersion of coal powder with a binder emulsion, precipitating a binder on a powder, drying and dry grinding, and then wet the powder dkostyu, eliminates sticking of granules of powder to the rollers of the calender, wetting granules and selected from the group consisting of cyclohexanone, dekalin.tetralin and mineral spirits in an amount of 15-20 cm 3 per 30 g powder for cyclohexanone and 14-20 respectively cm 3 for white spirit, 13-19 cm 3 for tetralin and decalin and calender without support.
    [2]
    2. The method of pop. 1, characterized in that; the aqueous dispersion of the coal powder contains a catalyst mash.
    »SU w> 1114357
    ----.------------. „“. U --------->
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR7925877A|FR2468218B1|1979-10-18|1979-10-18|
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