• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    1. A discharger for overvoltage protection, comprising a case within which at least three parallel columns of unified discharge and insulating support elements are installed, which are installed by connecting the conductors with 1 of them, equipped with means of fastening in the direction of their neighboring columns, and transverse bit elements placed between the specified connecting elements of adjacent columns in parallel transverse planes, all bit elements being connected in series A chain, and the supporting discharge elements of the columns are arranged alternately in different columns, characterized in that, in order to reduce the size, speed and mechanical strength and ensure controllability, the number of transverse discharge elements in each specified transverse plane is selected by one smaller number of columns, and the transverse discharge elements form open turns located one above the other, the series connection of which between them is made using the specified reference bits by the elements of columns adjacent to the ends of boiling coils, wherein in each transverse plane between the connection end of said coil elements of bit cells ustayuvlen further inputted control element.
    公开号:SU1098532A3
    申请号:SU3261984
    申请日:1981-03-25
    公开日:1984-06-15
    发明作者:Круциус Михаэль；Азиз Хассан Мохамед
    申请人:Сименс Аг (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    2 ,. A discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that said discharge, insulating and connecting elements are hollow, and the internal spaces of the elements form a channel connected to the internal space of the housing by means of pressure equalizing holes formed in the connecting elements of the columns.
    3. The trigger according to claim 2, characterized in that said channel is separated from the surrounding case.
    spaces through additionally destroyed at high. membrane pressure.
    4. A discharge device according to claim 3, characterized in that the housing is made with a buffer volume that is separated from the space surrounding the housing by a specified rupture membrane, and the said channel is separated from the buffer volume by additionally inserted intermediate rupture membranes.
    The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to dischargers for. overvoltage protection with the arrangement of unified discharge and structural elements in longitudinal columns and perpendicular planes.
    A surge overvoltage arrester is known, which contains several parallel plates, each of which has several series-on discharge arresters, which unite open coils, which are connected in series with each other f 1J.
    The disadvantage of this bit is the low density of the layout of the discharge elements, located only in the longitudinal direction of the bit design.
    The closest technical solution to the invention is an overvoltage protection surge, comprising a housing within which are at least three parallel columns of standardized discharge and insulating support elements installed between the connecting conductive elements provided with means of fastening in direction of adjacent columns, and transverse discharge elements placed between said connecting elements of adjacent columns in parallel transverse planes x, wherein all The discharge elements are connected in a daisy chain, and for supporting, The discharge elements are disposed alternately in columns different columns L2J.
    However, only one element is located in each parallel plane, which does not allow for providing the required arrangement of the discharge voltage to a higher voltage. In addition, the arrester has a high inductance,
    which reduces its speed, and low mechanical strength of the column structure of the supporting elements.
    The aim of the invention is to reduce the size, increase the speed and mechanical strength and ensure the controllability of the discharge voltage surge protector.
    . This goal is achieved by
    that in an overvoltage protection discharge, comprising a housing, inside of which are located at least three parallel columns of standardized discharge and insulating support elements installed between connecting conductive elements provided with means of fastening in the direction of adjacent columns, and transverse bit elements placed between the specified connection-elements of adjacent columns in parallel transverse planes, all bit elements being connected in a sequence a long chain, and the supporting discharge elements of the columns are alternately arranged in different columns, the number of transverse discharge elements in each specified transverse plane is chosen to be one less than the number of columns, and the transverse discharge elements form open coils located one above the other, the series connection between performed by means of the said reference discharge elements of the columns adjacent to the ends of the coils, and in each transverse plane between the connecting elements of the ends of the decree This coil of the bit elements is equipped with the additionally introduced control element.
    In addition, these bit, insulating, and connecting elements are made so that the internal spaces of the elements form a channel connected to the internal space of the body by means of pressure equalizing holes made in the connecting elements of the columns.
    The specified channel can be separated from the space surrounding the housing by means of an additionally introduced membrane that is destroyed under high pressure.
    The case can be made with a buffer volume, which is separated from the surrounding case of the space by the indicated rupture membrane, and the said channel is separated from the buffer volume by additional intermediate destructive membranes with 1 membranes.
    FIG. 1 shows a variant of the design of the proposed surge protector for installation on open air in FIG. 2 An alternative design of a discharge designed for installation in a metal enclosure of a distribution device filled with insulating compressed gas; in fig. 3 - connecting conductive element of the column; in fig. 4 - parallel connection of bit elements in transverse planes; in fig. 5 and 6 are variants of the connection of hollow connecting elements of the knee with bit and insulating support elements; in fig. 7 - surge overvoltage discharger with destructible membranes at high pressure, section.
    Surge protection for overvoltage (Fig. 1) includes an installed
    between conductive mat 1 and body 2, which is made in the form of a hollow porcelain insulator with peaks 3-5. Inside the case, between the carrier plates 6 and 7, which are connected to the high-voltage terminal 8 and the grounded terminal 9, respectively, is a structure consisting of four columns 10-13. This structure contains sequentially connected. the supporting and transverse discharge elements 14, and the supporting discharge elements 14 are located in columns 10 and 11. In addition, all the columns contain insulating, supporting elements 15 and connecting elements 16 connected in a definite para- sequence. Supporting elements 14 and isolator The supporting support elements 15 have the same length so that these elements can be used in any combination.
    In the discharge (Fig. 1), starting at pin 8, along the column 10, the reference discharge element 14 first goes. The other columns 11-13 at this level have insulating support elements 15. At the next level there are conductive in all the columns connecting elements 16, between which, in the transverse plane, three transverse discharge elements 14 are installed, forming a V-shaped opening break, the open side of which is between columns 10 and 11. Next along column 11, there is a supporting discharge element 14, which Unity bit transverse elements 14 of the upper transverse plane with the transverse discharge dnymi elements 14 of the lower transverse plane in which current flows in the opposite direction of the upper plane. At the last level, a support discharge element 14 is mounted in column 10, which is connected to a grounded terminal 9. The remaining columns have insulating support elements 15 at the level of the lowest discharge element 14.
    As these bit elements 14, a non-linear zinc oxide resistor is preferably used. In this case, the actual element of the resistor can be surrounded; an insulating sheath, the dimensions of which correspond to the dimensions of the insulating 5109 support elements 15. However, the pain of the mechanical strength of resistors based on zinc oxide makes it possible to refuse the insulating sheath that is separate for it. In this case, a resistor with corresponding leads firmly fixed on its body is directly installed between the connecting elements of 16 columns. Instead of connecting nonlinear resistors in series in the discharge unit (Fig. 1), spark gaps with nonlinear resistors can also be included in series. Then one or more of the discharge elements 14 is filled in the form of a block of spark gaps. In this case, if the discharge case is filled with nitrogen, the block of spark gaps does not require hermetic sealing. The following exemplary embodiment of an overvoltage protection discharge is shown in FIG. 2. Similarly, the bit map of FIG. 1 it also has four columns 10-13, which are placed at the corners of the square. By means of the connecting elements 16, the insulating support elements 15, the conductive supporting elements 17 and the discharge elements 14, a uniform construction is obtained with a number of transverse planes. In contrast to the design of FIG. 1, between the transverse planes with the discharge elements 14, the discharge elements are not installed, but only the conductive supporting elements 15. These supporting elements are smaller in size than the discharge elements and insulating supporting elements in FIG. 1. Due to this, the distance between the transverse planes is reduced and the mounting density of the discharge elements is increased. Such a design of the discharge is particularly suitable for use with a filling gas with high insulating properties, such as SF6 f when placed in a metal sheath, for which case 2 (Fig. 2) is made of metal and a high-voltage output 8 is passed through it. on top parallel to the three discharge elements 14, made in the form of nonlinear resistors, a discharge element is installed, the element in the form of a block 18 of the spark gap which is enclosed in an insulating shell 19. As a filling in this discharge element NTE may be used another gas, different from said insulating gas, whereby the desired characteristics can be achieved and actuation of the spark gap blanking unit; The spark gap unit 18 is triggered when the discharge elements 14 are overloaded to which it is connected. In the illustrated designs of FIG. 1 and 2 four parallel columns are provided. which are located in the corners of the square. There may be fewer such columns, for example, three, or more, for example, a conversation. In each case, due to the direct mechanical connection of the connecting-current-carrying elements with the supporting and transverse discharge elements and the conductive supporting elements, an extremely rigid mechanical structure arises, 1Sotor does not require additional reinforcement. The conductive connecting element 16 (Fig. 3) is made in the form of a cylindrical body with upper and lower end caps 20 with threaded holes 21 and 22, respectively, as well as with three threaded holes 23 to 25 located on the side surface As a result of this arrangement of the threaded holes, the attachment / 1-element 16 can be used anywhere in the arrester structures shown in Figs. 1 and Figs. 2. If the discharge elements 14 and the insulating 15 and the current-conducting 17-supporting elements are made with corresponding threaded protrusions, then the described overvoltage arresters can be assembled according to a modular principle. If the connecting elements 16 are filled in the form of hollow bodies and their internal cavity is accessible. To install fasteners, such as fonts, nuts, etc., instead of tapped holes, profile holes or simple through holes may also be provided. In addition, the connection element 16 can be made of two two parts by dividing it by the one shown in FIG. 3 dashed lines.
    In FIG. 1 and 2 examples of the discharge for protection against overvoltages in transverse planes, the discharge elements are connected in series. However, it may also be additionally provided for parallel connection of transverse discharge elements of the coils, as schematically shown in FIG. 4. The discharge elements 14 (FIG. 4) are symbolically shown by means of lines. The circuit in FIG. 4 is also given for the construction of four columns. By means of the conductive connecting elements, 16 of the discharge element 14 are connected in parallel. Each transverse plane of the bit therefore, therefore, contains not three, but six bit elements. If a further increase in the current discharge capacity is required, then in parallel include more than two discharge elements. Otherwise, the discharge design, especially the location of the conductive and insulating support elements between the transverse planes, remains unchanged.
    Between the supply and discharge current discharge elements in each transverse plane (Fig. 4), control element 26 is included, which is a linear or nonlinear resistor or capacitor. Pos (together the control elements 26 form a chain of control elements 26 connected in parallel with the discharge elements 14, which evens out the distribution of voltage across the discharge elements 14. The control elements can be connected in parallel with each other just as the discharge elements 14 are connected in parallel
    The proposed surge protection for overvoltage arresters is not only suitable for arresters with enclosures. The multi-column structure itself may be a discharge and can be made mechanically stable and reliable. The installation of such a structure in the open air requires only an environmentally resistant design of the elements.
    When a surge arrester is used to protect against overvoltages with the housing, it is necessary to provide for the removal of excess gas pressure inside the housing when the discharge voltage is overloaded. With
    In this cavity, the connecting elements of the columns can be used as trapping spaces for gases, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6.
    If the arrester is made without a case, then in this case it is of interest to order the removal of gases formed during overload. Therefore, with this design, the internal spaces of the active part can be used as trapping spaces.
    FIG. 5 shows the discharge element 14 with the connecting element 16 and the connecting conductive supporting element 17. The discharge element 14 contains, inside the insulating sheath 27, a resistor 28, which is electrically connected to the connecting element 16 by means of a threaded lug 29 hermetic sealing of the internal space of the elements from the environment. The gases generated by overloading the resistor 28 rush through the opening 30 of the threaded protrusion 29 into the hollow space 31 of the connecting element 16, from where they can spread through the adjacent tubular conductive supporting element 17 through the internal volume of the core structure. A gradual decrease in pressure inside the column is achieved by making a small hole 32 in the connecting element 16. The same holes can also be made in the other connecting elements of the columns. The overpressure is transmitted to the space inside the surge body only gradually.
    Fig. 6 shows a variant of the connection of the discharge elements in a position rotated 90 °. With respect to Fig. 5. The two bit elements 14 are directly connected to the connecting element 16 without threaded protrusions. For this purpose, on the connecting element 16 there are cylindrical protrusions 33 and 34, which provide a connection with the ends of the discharge elements 14, like a coupler. This connection can be created, for example, by means of an external thread on the body of the discharge element 14 and an internal thread on the protrusions 33 and 34. In addition to this, a connection can be made using putty or glue, ensuring reliable conductive contact of the connected elements. Compared with the embodiment of FIG. 5 is a variant of the compound of FIG. 6 allows larger cross-section openings to be made to transfer the generated gases from discharge elements 14 to connecting elements 16. If in the examples in FIG. 5 and 6, the hollow spaces of the connecting elements of the 16 columns serve as collecting tanks for the discharge of gases, from which they are gradually removed through the winding holes, then in FIG. .7 shows how gases can be discharged from a closed gaps without overloading the case. The column structure is sealed to the interior 35 of the housing 2, i.e. there are no pressure holes in the connecting elements of 16 columns. The hollow spaces of the supporting elements of the column structure are separated by intermediate destructible membranes 36 and 37 from the buffer volume 38, which is formed by the base plate 39 and the bottom edge 1 of the housing 2. The hole 40 in the shank 1 is also blocked by the safety fracture 2 of the 41. membranes 36 and gas flows into the buffer volume 38 and out of it through the opening 40 after the rupture of the membrane 41 is released into the atmosphere without loading the casing 2. With proper filling of the cover 1 shown in FIG. 7 by dashed lines, gases can be removed from the internal space not only in the axial, but also in the radial direction, shown by dotted arrows. Thus, the placement in the transverse planes of the discharge of elements, the number of which is chosen to be one less than the number of columns, increases the density of the arrangement of the discharge elements in the discharge overvoltage protection and reduces its overall dimensions in height. Due to the flow of current in the transverse plane in the direction opposite to its flow in adjacent planes, the inductance of the arrester decreases, which increases its speed. The connection of the columns using discharge and control elements located in transverse planes increases the rigidity of the column design and ensures the controllability of the bit.
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    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    1. DISCHARGE FOR OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION, comprising a housing, inside of which at least three parallel columns of unified discharge and insulating support elements are installed between connecting conductive elements provided with fastening means in the direction of adjacent columns, and transverse discharge elements placed between the indicated connecting elements of adjacent columns in parallel transverse planes, with all the discharge elements connected in series the chain, and the supporting discharge elements of the columns are alternately arranged in different columns, characterized in that, in order to reduce dimensions, increase speed and mechanical strength and ensure controllability, the number of transverse discharge elements in each specified transverse plane is selected by one less than the number of columns, and the transverse discharge elements form open coils located one above the other, the series connection of which is carried out with each other using these reference discharge elements to casing, adjacent to the ends of the turns, and in each transverse plane between the connecting elements of the ends of the specified turn of the discharge elements installed additionally introduced control element.
    SU <„> 1098532
    [2]
    2 .. Arrester according to π. 1, characterized in that the said discharge, insulating and connecting elements are hollow, and the internal spaces of the elements form a channel connected to the internal space of the housing by means of pressure equalizing holes made in the connecting elements of the columns.
    [3]
    3. The arrester according to claim 2, characterized in that said channel is separated from the space surrounding the housing by means of an additionally introduced membrane that is destroyed at high pressure.
    [4]
    4. The arrester according to claim 3, characterized in that the housing is made with a buffer volume that is separated from the space surrounding the housing by a specified destructible membrane, and the specified channel is separated from the buffer volume by additionally introduced intermediate destructible membranes.
    类似技术:
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    US3733521A|1973-05-15|Lightning arrester
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    EP0106315A1|1984-04-25|Circuit breaker of porcelain insulator type
    CA1113149A|1981-11-24|Lightning arrester device
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    US5959823A|1999-09-28|Tank-type surge arrester
    CA1065462A|1979-10-30|Method for maintaining the positioning of electrical elements within a container
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    US3896352A|1975-07-22|Lightning arresters and surge diverters
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    US7593207B2|2009-09-22|Gas-insulated switchgear assembly or component of a gas-insulated switchgear assembly having an outdoor bushing
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP0037363B1|1984-08-08|
    EP0037363A1|1981-10-07|
    DD157646A5|1982-11-24|
    DE3012744A1|1981-10-22|
    BR8101857A|1981-09-29|
    DE3012744C2|1985-10-10|
    US4363069A|1982-12-07|
    AT8943T|1984-08-15|
    ZA812066B|1982-04-28|
    JPS56152182A|1981-11-25|
    IN152746B|1984-03-24|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    RU2534032C2|2009-01-29|2014-11-27|Сименс Акциенгезелльшафт|Excess-voltage suppressor with insulated moulded enclosure|CA538533A|1957-03-19|Westinghouse Electric Corporation|High-voltage lightning arresters|
    US2528127A|1946-11-13|1950-10-31|Westinghouse Electric Corp|Lightning arrester|
    US2542805A|1948-06-01|1951-02-20|Westinghouse Electric Corp|Lightning arrester|
    US2608600A|1949-06-18|1952-08-26|Asea Ab|Arrangement at surge diverters for increasing the discharging ability|
    CH304299A|1952-09-11|1954-12-31|Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie|Surge arrester for high operating voltages.|
    US3144583A|1960-11-14|1964-08-11|Westinghouse Electric Corp|Lightining arrester|
    US3155874A|1961-08-02|1964-11-03|Westinghouse Electric Corp|Lightning arrester|
    DE1463593B2|1964-04-17|1972-03-02|Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin u 8000 München|SURGE ARRESTERS|
    US3412273A|1964-10-28|1968-11-19|Westinghouse Electric Corp|High voltage lightning arrester having a plurality of arrester elements|
    DE2056526C3|1970-11-12|1978-05-11|Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen|Surge arrester with a membrane that closes off the inside|
    JPS53138029A|1977-05-07|1978-12-02|Mitsubishi Electric Corp|Abnormal voltage protective equipment|
    JPS5919448B2|1978-03-03|1984-05-07|Hitachi Ltd|SE424932B|1980-12-19|1982-08-16|Asea Ab|surge|
    JPH0142481B2|1982-04-24|1989-09-13|Hitachi Ltd|
    DK0382447T3|1989-02-07|1998-07-20|Bowthorpe Ind Ltd|Electric surge arrester|
    RU2191454C2|2000-06-27|2002-10-20|Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "Стример"|Impulse lighting arrester for electric power lineand column of impulse arresters|
    US20060256496A1|2005-05-13|2006-11-16|Clark M C|Methods and apparatuses related to pulsed power|
    US20070159760A1|2005-05-13|2007-07-12|Collins Clark|Methods and Systems Related to Pulsed Power|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE3012744A|DE3012744C2|1980-03-28|1980-03-28|Surge arresters|
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