• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A checking device for tires of land and air vehicles which includes a coherent light source, a photo shutter as well as an optical circuit which divides a beam emitted by the light source into an object beam and into a reference beam, and which deflects these beams. The device comprises a conical mirror coaxial with the tire to be checked and located in the path of the object beam. A registering layer is located in the beam cone of the object beam reflected in a diffuse manner by the tire surface to be checked through the intervention of the conical mirror. In the beam path of the reference beam there is located a registering layer which is adapted to be observed by means of an observing system. Means are provided for subjecting the tire to be checked to a pressure drop relative to the atmosphere surrounding the tire to be checked. The conical mirror is by means of a platform arranged on a removable holding device at a height more than twice the height of a tire to be checked when the latter occupies its lying position while the holding device embraces the tire to be checked. The holding device for the conical mirror is movably connected to a hood which surrounds the last mentioned holding device and extends over the platform while forming an air-tight closing member adapted to be evacuated and to be lifted and lowered. The tires to be checked are arranged on devices adapted to be placed upon the platform coaxially about the conical mirror for observing the inner side of the tire tread surface and are arranged coaxially below the conical mirror for observing the bead and lateral wall surfaces.
    公开号:SU1088674A3
    申请号:SU782614698
    申请日:1978-05-10
    公开日:1984-04-23
    发明作者:Роттенкольбер Ханс
    申请人:Опто Продукте Аг (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to equipment for monitoring automotive and aircraft tires, and in particular to equipment for carrying out non-destructive testing of tires using optical means.
    A device for monitoring automotive and aviation tires without destroying a sample, comprising a frame with a base plate in which an opening is made, a source of coherent light radiation with a dividing and deflecting device, equipment for visual observation, a convex mirror coaxially mounted on the holder relative to the center of the platform, is known. to install a controlled tire, the recording layer, placed in the hole of the support plate under the mirror Cl 3.
    Such devices serve for non-destructive testing for defects that, in most cases, are visible on the surface as elevations only a few microns in height, when the ambient atmospheric pressure decreases in relation to the pressure in the gas bubbles in the tires or when bubbles increase in relation to pressure, the environment. These defects are peeling off the structure of the fault caused by extraneous inclusions in the form of reptiles, liquids and others, or separated reinforcement of the tire. Surface shifts occurring during tire expansion during a pressure change cause interference patterns on the recording layer in the case when the hologram of the initial state of the tire is superposed by a hologram after the pressure change. With this holographic arrangement, the interference lines obtained in the result are: the tires are suppressed so that only those lii are visible, which arise due to the swelling of the surface of the tire by gas bubbles in the indicated defective places and which typically appear as concentric circles or ellipses.
    However, in the known device, the tire monitoring process is slow and difficult.
    The purpose of the invention is to increase productivity by speeding up and simplifying tire monitoring.
    This goal is achieved by the fact that in a device for monitoring automobile and aircraft tires without destroying a sample, containing a frame with a base plate in which an opening is made, a coherent light source with a dividing and deflecting device, a visual observation equipment, a convex mirror mounted coaxially on the holder relative to the center of the site for installing the tire being monitored, and registering a layer placed in the hole of the support plate under the mirror, the mirror is fixed to the bottom aemo holder over the platform for mounting the tire under a protective hood provided with a guide frame, a holder configured and mounted on slides guided kitsih frame with the possibility of relative movement along the vertical axis of the device through the lifting mechanism and the platform is provided with movable platforms for controlled tires.
    In addition, platforms for moving KOHTposmpyei jx tires are made in vtsde trolleys equipped with interchangeable linings under the tire.
    At the same time carts are installed on rails.
    The mirror holder is mounted on the platform of three legs with tapered pointed ends, one of which fits into a funnel-shaped recess made on the surface of the platform, the other into a groove also made on the surface of the pad and oriented along the funnel-shaped recess and the third is installed on the tile once at the site.
    In addition, the recording layer is made in the full thermoplastic film.
    A telescope camera installed under the recording layer at an ocTiMiiM angle relative to the optical axis of the device with the possibility of rotation relative to this axis is used as visual observation equipment.
    FIG. 1 shows the proposed device, a general view; in fig. 2 section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 another embodiment of the proposed device, a section; Fig, 4 is the same, top view; in fig. 5 is a schematic representation of the holder of a convex mirror in the device of FIG. 3. The base part I of the tire control device contains a heavy horizontal foot-mounted base 2, above which is placed on the shock absorbers 3 and the second heavy horizontal busbar {that 4, which serves for the device itself. This second plate carries a casing 5 in which the optical switching elements are placed. Above the casing 5 there is a platform 6 with rails 7 for carriages 8 of the conveyor 9 for tires. The platform 6 has four funnel-shaped depressions 10 outside the space for the tire to be guided. The cone-shaped ends of the legs 11 are holding the body 12 for the convex mirror 13 fixed to the holder 12 by means of an adjustable lever mechanism 14 coaxially with the tire 15 which is controlled. consisting of a platform 6, a trolley 8, a controlled shsh 15, a convex mirror 13 and its suspension elements, a cylindrical cap 16 is installed, which rests on a ring-shaped extension of the plate 4 and covers with it a space with Strongly evacuation cap 16 can be lowered and lifted -17 hydraulic device to provide controlled transport tire 15 via bogies 8. The cap 16 is evacuated to effect a control tire. On the top of I8 of the cap, a holder I2 for a convex mirror 13 is placed with the possibility of moving in a vertical direction, for example, by means of a cable 19. When lifting the cap 16, also the holder 12 with its legs 11 rises and a cone-shaped mirror 13 tilted to it, as shown in FIG. 2 by dashed lines to allow the carts 8 to move. When the cap 16 descends after the controlled tire 15, the legs II enter their cone-shaped tips into the funnel-shaped recesses 10, the cone-shaped mirror 13 being fixed in the optical system of the device. 744 Transportation of the controlled tire 15 is carried out on supports on stands: 20 conveyor 21, which contains rails 7, at a height of: platforms 6. Controlled tires 15 are at rest on carts 8 in baths 22 or 23 on linings made of sand or metal shavings. These baths have, according to the desired observation of the inner surface of the tire or of the bortovny zones, a greater or lesser height. In the baths 23 (FIG. 2), the mirror 13 is located after the cap 16 is closed inside the controlled tire 15. This position of the cone-shaped mirror makes it possible to observe the inner zone of the tires. Baths 22 (Fig. 1) have a controlled tire lying below the mirror 13. This provision makes it possible to build out the side tires. At the bottom of the plate 4, a laser 25 is suspended on shock absorbers 24 as a coherent light source. A light beam emanating from it passes through an opening in the plate 4 and in the casing 5 into and out there and divides it into a reference 26 and a subject 27 rays. This is done with the help of the separation cube 28. After passing through the turn, the photo shutter 29 is expanded with the help of an expanding optical device 30 and then directed through mirrors that change its path to the recording layer 31 - a thermoplastic film. The object beam, after changing direction and expansion in the expansion optical device 32, is directed to the convex mirror 33, from where it is reflected through the mirror 13 to the inner surface of the test tire 15. The object beam 27, which is reflected back and diffusely from this surface to the mirror 13, is directed This mirror on the recording film 31, on which, together with the reference beam 26, forms a hologram taken by the television camera 34 and transmitted from this camera to the monitor (not shown). The mirror 33 is installed at the same time outside the light cone, the reflecting cone-shaped mirror, a diffusely reflected object beam 27. If it is necessary to consider the tire beads and adjacent side portions of the tire 15, the tire is installed using a bath 22 with low edges below the mirror 13 and built with it The object beam 27 is then directed, with an unchanged optical system, to the outer surface of the upper rail 35 of the tire and the adjacent side portions of the tire 15, to the inner surface of the lower rim 36 and to the suspended side tire portions. Reproducing interference holograms and suppressing the interference images obtained due to the usual expansion of the tire are the same as when considering the inner surface of the tread of the tire being monitored. The recording layer 31 is predominantly designed as a thermoplastic film with the possibility of electrostatic charging to be sensitized. The hologram of the examined surfaces of the tire can be obtained on the film by exposure to rajx and supporting beams with sequential heating and cooling. A television camera 34 is mounted below the recording layer 31 to view the holograms. This camera is connected to a monitor (not shown). In order to view the images on the television screen in sections and then enlarged on the monitor screen, the television camera 34 is set at an angle. relative to the optical axis of the object beam 27, and, moreover, with the possibility of rotation about this axis. Instead, a flat prism can be rotatably mounted in front of a rigidly mounted television camera. Controlled supply tires on carts 8 on the conveyor. They are given time to compensate for the change in shape that they received during loading, using a creep effect, so that no movement is prevented from being tested. For the same purpose, the tires lie in the baths 22 and 23 on the lining of sand or metal shavings, which form a uniform support, precluding any creeping movement. The tires are guided into the device so that they lie coaxially with the optical axis of the mirror 13. Then the cap 16 is lowered, and the first exposure of the already sensitized thermoplastic film 31 takes place. 1 46 After the space under the cap 16 has been evacuated, the second exposure is carried out same film itself. Thereafter, heating is displayed and the model is viewed by a television camera. The film produces a Phase hologram that represents a ring-shaped image of the inner surface of the tread or sides and side surfaces. TV 1 camera 34, rotating, gives a ring-shaped image. The image is then displayed in expanded form on the monitor screen. In this examination, the subject beam is filtered out with the help of a television camera, and the reference beam, with respect to the object beam, softened in its intensity during filtering, is fully used to expose the hologram. To inspect the inner tread surface of the monitored tire 15 (Fig. 2), a 23 hub cable with higher edges is used, so that the cone-shaped mirror 13 after lowering the hood is inside the tire and the object beam 27 is reflected by the mirror 13 evenly onto the inner surface of the tread of the monitored tire , us. In order to consider the side and side sections of the tire 15, the tire is low vanilla 22. In this case, the mirror 13 is located when lowering the cap t6 above the tire and the reflected light cone of the object beam 27 falls from above at an angle to the side and side sections of the tire. From there, the diffuse reflection of 1 "1e. Rays 27, which mostly fall back onto the mirror 13 at the same angle, cause a superposited hologram on the recording layer. The optical layout of the device remains with this review of the onboard and. side sections of the tire with respect to the observation of the inner surface of the tire tread of the same with the exception of the position of the controlled tire relative to its height. In order to go from one kind of consideration to another, it is only necessary to exchange one bath 22 for another bath 23, which can take place during tire exchanges without difficulty, and it still takes some time for the tire to rest. For complete control of the niimb bus, it is enough to pass the bus twice through the control device, which remains without any changes. In order to obtain a complete image of the tire to be monitored, which is necessary for its evaluation, it is sufficient to consider the angles of incidence and reflection of the object beam relative to the tire, the resultant for the side and side sections, and the interference f $ {gurs, which result from the usual expansion of the tire, image distortion in the radial direction is also suppressed. When viewing a received hologram by means of a television 34, the rotational speed corresponds to the human ability to build, is manipulated to change the tire to be controlled: the cap 16 rises, the co-controlled iS tire is advanced, the next tire is pushed into the device and the cap 16 It is again lowered. At this time, the examination of the hologram of the previous tire is completed, so that the new film segment can be transported to position 31 and sensitized. After this, the next exposure can be carried out, for which the object beam can be directed and the reference beam can be observed in intensity. In order to compare the defective places shown on the monitor screen and the defective places on the tire 15, the area on which the tire lies is calibrated. The position of the television camera 34 is entered, in accordance with this graduation, into the monitor in digital form, which makes it possible to determine the radial position of the defective places. The position of the defective place relative to its height can be found with the help of a replaceable pattern corresponding to the type of tire and carrying the zone heading and horizontally movable above the monitor screen. The position of the tepee. A cam or rotary prism can be measured with a rotary resistor, with the possibility of reciprocating the axis of rotation of the chamber, with the parameter showing the rotation of this axis being converted from analog to digital form and entered into the monitor. Another embodiment of the proposed tire monitoring device is shown in FIG. 3 and 4. The optical system is encased, the same as that of the device in FIG. 1 and 2. The controlled tire i5 lies in the bath 22 and on the trolley 8 in front of the device. The tire being monitored in the device is shown in two viewing positions 37 and 38. At position 38, the tire is on the cart 8 in the high bath 23. The mirror i 3 is placed on the support 39 (Fig. 5) with three legs 40, which are suspended with movement on the upper side of the cap 16. To obtain a static suspension of the mirror 13 the legs 40 provide for fixation points relative to the 6 l cone-shaped groove 41, the groove 42, which is cone-shaped, and on the tile 43. Hydrocylinders 44 are provided for raising and lowering the hoods. Hydrocydial bars have levers 46 and 47 with the possibility of moving The use of the invention allows for tire control in a fully automated way, opening and closing the hood, transporting, sensitizing and exposing the film and adjusting the evacuation of the hood can be carried out. one single operation. Since the imaging of tire surface images can occur during tire changing and raising and lowering the hood, very short intervals of tact per controlled tire can be achieved. Since the whole device, and especially the laser, is suspended from vibration damping elements and everything is set- The construction was built in a practical way, it is possible to work synchronously with the production of tires.
    L fm
    0I4Z.Z
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    1. DEVICE FOR CONTROLING CAR AND AIRCRAFT TIRES WITHOUT DESTRUCTION OF THE SAMPLE, containing a frame with a base plate, in which a hole is made, a source of coherent light radiation with a device for dividing and deflecting beams, equipment for visual observation, a convex mirror coaxially mounted on the holder relative to the center of the platform for installing a controlled tire, and a recording layer placed in the hole of the base plate under the mirror, characterized in that Qto, in order to increase productivity due to speed and simplify tire monitoring, the mirror is mounted on a removable holder above the platform for installing the tire under the protective cap, the frame is equipped with guides, the holder is made with sliders and mounted on the frame guides with the possibility of relative movement along the vertical axis of the device by means of a lifting mechanism, and the platform is equipped with platforms to move controlled tires.
    [2]
    2. The device according to π. 1, characterized in that the platforms for moving the monitored tires are made in the form of bogies equipped with interchangeable linings for the tire.
    [3]
    3. The device according to π. 1, characterized in that the trolleys are mounted on rails.
    [4]
    4. The device according to π. 1, characterized in that the mirror holder is mounted on the site on three legs with conically pointed ends, of which one enters a funnel-shaped recess made on the surface of the site, the other into a groove also made on the surface of the site and oriented along the funnel-shaped recess, and the third is installed on a tile placed on the site.
    [5]
    5. The device pop, 1, characterized in that the recording, recording layer is made in the form of a thermoplastic film.
    [6]
    6. The device pop. 1, characterized in that the equipment for visual observation uses a television camera mounted under the recording layer at an acute angle relative to the optical axis of the device with the possibility of rotation about this axis.
    SU ",> 1088674
    AND
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE2721215A1|1978-11-16|
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    FR2390719A1|1978-12-08|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
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    DE2312435C3|1973-03-13|1978-06-08|Opto-Produkte Ag, Zuerich |Holographic arrangement for the determination of irregular deformations through non-destructive material testing|
    DE2441377A1|1973-09-04|1975-03-13|Hauser Raimund|DEVICE FOR PERFORMING A HOLOGRAPHIC-INTERFEROMETRIC OR MOIREMETRIC PROCESS|
    DE2641516A1|1976-09-15|1978-03-16|Opto Produkte Ag|Non-destructive vehicle and aircraft tyre test appts. - has laser and optical system splitting beam into object and reference beams|
    DE2653700C3|1976-11-26|1981-01-15|Gebr. Hofmann Gmbh & Co Kg, Maschinenfabrik, 6100 Darmstadt|Tire testing facility|US4392745A|1981-04-06|1983-07-12|Industrial Holographics, Inc.|Tilt head camera for interferometric analysis of tires|
    DE3225419A1|1982-07-07|1984-01-12|Wilhelm Herm. Müller & Co KG, 3000 Hannover|Tyre testing device|
    US4506981A|1982-10-14|1985-03-26|The B. F. Goodrich Company|Method for detection of blown beads in pneumatic tires|
    FR2543299B1|1983-03-21|1985-11-15|Daeden Jean Pierre|HOLOGRAPHIC NON-DESTRUCTIVE CONTROL SYSTEM|
    IN170226B|1985-08-02|1992-02-29|Pandrol Ltd|
    DE3624589A1|1986-07-21|1988-01-28|Reiff Albert Kg|Method and device for non-destructive testing of vehicle tyres|
    US4763515A|1987-01-14|1988-08-16|The Uniroyal Goodrich Tire Company|Tire uniformity machine and method|
    EP0324872A1|1988-01-19|1989-07-26|Albert Reiff KG|Procedure and device for non-destructive testing of vehicle tyres|
    US5249460A|1991-12-16|1993-10-05|Bridgestone Corporation|Method and apparatus for measuring irregular tread wear|
    US5245867A|1991-12-16|1993-09-21|Bridgestone Corporation|Method and apparatus for measuring tire parameters|
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    DE19849793C1|1998-10-28|2000-03-16|Fraunhofer Ges Forschung|Detection of tire sidewall bulges or necking, electronically filtering-out noise from tread edges, uses flattened laser beam and imaging device with filtering and comparisons establishing only significant areas of distortion|
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    US6959592B2|1999-12-22|2005-11-01|Pirelli Pneumatici S.P.A.|Method and system for monitoring the deformations of a tire in motion|
    JP2003524165A|2000-02-22|2003-08-12|ピレリ・プネウマティチ・ソチエタ・ペル・アツィオーニ|Method and system for monitoring tire deformation during exercise|
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    DE102009008468B4|2009-02-15|2017-08-31|Bernward Mähner|Method of testing tires|
    DE102014011873A1|2014-08-11|2016-02-11|Steinbichler Optotechnik Gmbh|Tester for testing a tire|
    DE102017101446A1|2017-01-25|2018-07-26|Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover|Optical measuring system|
    TWI689714B|2018-12-07|2020-04-01|大城輪胎機械股份有限公司|Non-contact wheel roundness deflection detection device|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE19772721215|DE2721215C3|1977-05-11|1977-05-11|Tire testing device for non-destructive holographic material testing of vehicle and aircraft tires for defects|
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