• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention discloses a hybrid array antenna, and relates to the technical field of communications. The hybrid array antenna includes: multiple first low-frequency subarrays formed by a plurality of X-shaped low-frequency radiation units, and multiple second low-frequency subarrays formed by a plurality of bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation units; the first low-frequency subarrays and the second low-frequency subarrays that are located on a same column are connected via a power-division phase-shift network to form multiple low-frequency Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) antenna arrays; a plurality of high-frequency radiation units are formed into multiple high-frequency FDD antenna arrays; and a plurality of 5th-Generation (5G) radiation units are arranged equidistantly along multiple straight lines to form a Time Division Duplexing (TDD) intelligent antenna planar array. The antenna is integrated with multiple FDD antenna arrays that work at a frequency band of 690-960 MHz, multiple FDD antenna arrays that work at a frequency band of 1427-2690 MHz and a TDD intelligent antenna planar array working at a frequency band of 3300-5000 MHz; the antenna covers all types of frequency bands in 2nd-Generation (2G), 3rd-Generation (3G) and 4th-Generation (4G), and is an FDD/TDD fusion antenna capable of simultaneously working at a frequency band of a 5G system; and the present invention solves the problem of insufficient network layout space, effectively reduces the network layout time and cost, effectively expands the network capacity compared with a conventional antenna, and improves the network efficiency.
    公开号:NL2025564A
    申请号:NL2025564
    申请日:2020-05-12
    公开日:2021-01-11
    发明作者:Qiu Kefang；Wu Biqun；Wu Zehai；Su Zhenhua；Zhang Peng
    申请人:Guangdong Broadradio Communication Tech Co Ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    I Hybrid array antenna Technical Field The present invention relates to the technical field of communications, and in particular to a hybrid array antenna.
    Background As an important means of information transfer, a communication technology has made a continuous development under the deepened driving of a modern informationization process. From a 3rd-Generation (3G) network to a 3G/Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) integrated network and to a 4th-Generation (4G) network focusing on Time Division Long Term Evolution (TD-LTE) and Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD)-LTE, a mobile communication system is developed rapidly. In the conventional art, a conventional FDD multi-frequency base station antenna working at 690-960 MHz and 1695-2690 MHz may cover 4G, 3G and 2G types of frequency bands such as FDD-LTE, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) 2000, Global System For Mobile Communications (GSM) 900, GSM1800 and Data Communication System (DCS). In a current market condition, the sales volume of the FDD base station antenna products has a steady rise, and a global 4G FDD-LTE network is under construction. However, the sales volume of TDD base station antenna products is reduced obviously, and the deployment of a pure TDD network is reduced. The demand for an FDD/TDD fusion antenna is huge and operators in home and abroad are continuously investing in the establishment of an FDD/TDD fusion network.
    With the advent of a 5G era, the demand on a system capacity increases constantly. While a new frequency spectrum continues to be introduced, a top-panel resource of the base station antenna is very limited, which results in that a higher demand is pushed forward for broadband, integration and miniaturization of the base station antenna. In future, all-type 4T4R/8T8R will become a standard configuration, and the antenna will also need to integrate with more arrays.
    Summary For the problems in the background, the present invention provides a hybrid array antenna, which covers all types of frequency bands in 2G, 3G and 4G and is an FDD/TDD fusion antenna capable of working at a frequency band of a 5G system. The antenna has the characteristics of broadband, integration and miniaturization, may effectively solve the problem of insufficient network layout space of a traditional distributive antenna, effectively reduces the network layout time and cost, effectively expands the network capacity compared with the conventional antenna, and improves the network efficiency, thus improving a user experience.
    In order to implement the above objective, the present invention provides a hybrid array antenna, which includes a metal reflection plate, a plurality of X-shaped low-frequency radiation units, a plurality of bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation units, a plurality of high-frequency radiation units and a plurality of 5G radiation units.
    The plurality of X-shaped low-frequency radiation units are formed into not less than two first low-frequency subarrays, the first low-frequency subarrays are arranged side by side, and the X-shaped low-frequency radiation units in the subarrays are equidistantly arranged on the metal reflection plate along a straight line; the plurality of bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation units are formed into not less than two second low-frequency subarrays, the second low-frequency subarrays are arranged side by side, and the bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation units in the subarrays are equidistantly arranged on the metal reflection plate along a straight line; and the first low-frequency subarrays and the second low-frequency subarrays that are located on a same column are connected via a power-division phase-shift network to form multiple low-frequency FDD antenna arrays.
    The plurality of high-frequency radiation units are formed into multiple high-frequency FDD antenna arrays, with an arrangement type including: a first type: the high-frequency radiation units are equidistantly arranged on the metal reflection plate along a straight line corresponding to the second low-frequency subarray, and a part of high-frequency radiation units are disposed in the bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation unit to form a radiating combination; a second type: the high-frequency radiation units are disposed between two second low-frequency subarrays; and a third type: the high-frequency radiation units are disposed on two sides of one first low-frequency subarray.
    The plurality of 5G radiation units are equidistantly arranged on the metal reflection plate along not less than four straight lines to form a TDD intelligent antenna planar array.
    Preferably, the multiple low-frequency FDD antenna arrays have a working frequency band of 690-960 MHz, the multiple high-frequency FDD antenna arrays have a working frequency band of 1427-2690 MHz, and the TDD intelligent antenna planar array has a working frequency band of 3300-5000 MHz.
    Preferably, projections of the X-shaped low-frequency radiation unit and the high-frequency radiation unit on the metal reflection plate are staggered to each other, and projections of the first low-frequency subarray and the TDD intelligent antenna planar array on the metal reflection plate are overlapped partially.
    Preferably, the not less than two first low-frequency subarrays are located on one end of a surface of the metal reflection plate side by side, and the straight line along which the first low-frequency subarrays are located is parallel to a long edge of the metal reflection plate; the not less than two second low-frequency subarrays are located on the other end of the surface of the metal reflection plate side by side, and the straight line along which the second low-frequency subarrays are located is parallel to the long edge of the metal reflection plate; and the first low-frequency subarrays and the second low-frequency subarrays located on a same column are connected via the power-division phase-shift network to form multiple low-frequency FDD antenna arrays.
    Preferably, the bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation unit includes: a first dipole radiation arm, a second dipole radiation arm, a third dipole radiation arm and a fourth dipole radiation arm.
    The first dipole radiation arm, the second dipole radiation arm, the third dipole radiation arm and the fourth dipole radiation arm enclose quadrangularly to form the bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation unit; and the dipole radiation arms located in a diagonal relationship are formed into a radiating combination, including a first radiating combination and a second radiating combination that respectively generate +45 polarized radiating electromagnetic waves.
    Preferably, the metal reflection plate is further provided with a plurality of orthogonal mixers; in different second low-frequency subarrays, first radiating combinations of a pair of adjacent bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation units are respectively connected to corresponding inputs of a two-way orthogonal mixer; and in different second low-frequency subarrays, second radiating combinations of a pair of adjacent bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation units are also respectively connected to corresponding inputs of the two-way orthogonal mixer.
    The hybrid array antenna provided by the present invention is integrated with multiple FDD antenna arrays working at a frequency band of 690-960 MHz, multiple FDD antenna arrays working at a frequency band of 1427-2690 MHz and a TDD intelligent antenna planar array working at a frequency band of 3300-5000 MHz.
    The frequency band of 3300-5000 MHz covers frequency bands of 3300-3600 MHz and 4800-5000 MHz that a 5G system announced and to be planned by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology work.
    The hybrid array antenna covers all types of frequency bands in 2G, 3G and 4G, and is an FDD/TDD fusion antenna capable of working at the frequency band of the 5G system.
    The antenna has the characteristics of broadband, integration and miniaturization, may effectively solve the problem of insufficient network layout space of a conventional distributive antenna, effectively reduces the network layout time and cost, effectively expands the network capacity compared with the conventional antenna, and improves the network efficiency, thus improving a user experience.
    Brief Description of the Drawings In order to describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or in the conventional art more clearly, a simple introduction on the accompanying drawings which are needed in the description of the embodiments or conventional art is given below.
    Apparently, the accompanying drawings in the description below are merely some of the embodiments of the present invention, based on which other drawings may be obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort.
    Fig. 1 is an overall structural schematic diagram of a hybrid array in an embodiment of the present invention.
    Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a bowl-shaped radiation unit in an embodiment of the present invention.
    Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an orthogonal hybrid network in an embodiment of the present invention.
    Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a high-frequency FDD antenna array and a TDD intelligent antenna planar array in an embodiment of the present invention.
    In the figures: 1-metal reflection plate, 2-X-shaped low-frequency radiation unit, 3-bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation unit, 4-high-frequency radiation unit, 5-5G radiation unit, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205 and 206-six X-shaped low-frequency radiation units, L1 and L2-two first low-frequency subarrays, al, b1, a2 and b2-axes, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305 and 306-six bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation units, L3 and L4-two second low-frequency subarrays, LA1 and LA2-low-frequency array, D1-first dipole radiation arm, D2-second dipole radiation arm, D3-third dipole radiation arm, D4-fourth dipole 5 radiation arm, 6-orthogonal mixer, HA1, HA2, HA3, HA4 and HA5-high-frequency array, and TA-TDD intelligent antenna planar array.
    The objective implementation, functional features and advantages of the present invention are further described in combination with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
    Detailed Description of the Embodiments The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described hereinafter with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. On the basis of the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained on the premise of no creative work of those of ordinary skill in the art should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
    It is to be noted that if a directional indication (such as upper, lower, left, right, front, rear...) is involved in the embodiments of the present invention, the directional indication is merely used to explain a relative positional relationship, a movement condition and the like between components in a special state (as shown in the accompanying drawings). In case of a change of the special state, the directional indication also changes correspondingly.
    Additionally, if the description of “first”, “second” and the like is involved in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of “first”, “second” and the like is merely for a descriptive purpose and cannot be understood as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined by “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. Besides, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined to each other but must be based upon the implementation of those of ordinary skill in the art. When the technical solutions are contradicted to each other or cannot be implemented in combination, it should be considered that such a combination of the technical solutions is neither present nor within the protection scope of the present invention.
    The present invention provides a hybrid array antenna.
    In a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 1, the hybrid array antenna includes a metal reflection plate 1, as well as an X-shaped low-frequency radiation unit 2, a bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation unit 3, a high-frequency radiation unit 4 and a 5G radiation unit 5 that are respectively disposed on a front surface of the metal reflection plate 1. Here is merely a preferred embodiment, and specifically, specific positions of the radiation units on the metal plate may be adjusted according to an actual demand.
    In the embodiment of the present invention, six X-shaped low-frequency radiation units 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206 are provided. The six X-shaped low-frequency radiation units are divided into two low-frequency subarrays L1, L2 (a first low-frequency subarray), specifically: 201, 202 and 203 are equidistantly arranged along an axis al to form the low-frequency subarray L1, and 204, 205 and 206 are equidistantly arranged along an axis b1 to form the low-frequency subarray L2. The two low-frequency subarrays L1, L2 are arranged on an upper end of the front surface of the metal reflection plate 1 side by side (the upper end is referred to a direction in Fig. 1, here is merely a preferred embodiment and the adjustment may be made specifically according to an actual demand). The axes al, b1 are parallel to a long edge of the metal reflection plate. The axis a1 is close to one long edge of the metal reflection plate, and the axis b1 is close to the other long edge of the metal reflection plate.
    In the embodiment of the present invention, six bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation units 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306 are provided. The six bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation units are divided into two low-frequency subarrays L3, L4 (a second low-frequency subarray), specifically: 301, 302 and 303 are equidistantly arranged along an axis a2 to form the low-frequency subarray L3, and 304, 305 and 306 are equidistantly arranged along an axis b2 to form the low-frequency subarray L4. The two low-frequency subarrays L3, L4 are arranged on a lower end of the front surface of the metal reflection plate side by side (the lower end is referred to a direction in Fig. 1, here is merely a preferred embodiment and the adjustment may be made specifically according to an actual demand). The axes a2, b2 are parallel to the long edge of the metal reflection plate. The axis a2 is close to one long edge of the metal reflection plate, and the axis b2 is close to the other long edge of the metal reflection plate.
    In the embodiment of the present invention, the first low-frequency subarrays and the second low-frequency subarrays located on a same column are connected via a power-division phase-shift network to form multiple low-frequency FDD antenna arrays. Specifically, the low-frequency subarray L1 and the low-frequency subarray L3 are connected via the power-division phase-shift network to form the low-frequency array LA1. Likewise, the low-frequency subarray L2 and the low-frequency subarray L4 are connected via the power-division phase-shift network to form the low-frequency array LA2.
    In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, the bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation unit 3 includes: a first dipole radiation arm D1, a second dipole radiation arm D2, a third dipole radiation arm D3 and a fourth dipole radiation arm D4. The D1 and the D3 located in a diagonal relationship are arrayed to form a first radiating combination, which generates a +45 polarized radiating electromagnetic wave. Likewise, the D2 and the D4 located in the diagonal relationship are also arrayed to form a second radiating combination, which generates a -45 polarized radiating electromagnetic wave.
    In the embodiment of the present invention, a first radiating combination of the bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation unit 303 and a first radiating combination of the bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation unit 306 are respectively connected to corresponding inputs of a two-way orthogonal mixer 6. Likewise, a second radiating combination of the bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation unit 303 and a second radiating combination of the bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation unit 306 are also respectively connected to corresponding inputs of another two-way orthogonal mixer 6. With such an arrangement method, the present invention may enable the low-frequency radiation unit 303, 306 to serve as a whole, and simultaneously works in low-frequency arrays LA1 and LA2; and while guaranteeing an effective length of the antenna, the present invention controls a beamwidth on a horizontal plane of the antenna, and improves a gain of the low-frequency array.
    In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 3, the orthogonal mixer 6 is a 2-input 2-output passive network and is disposed on a back surface of the metal reflection plate 1. When the signal enters from the Input1, the power for directly connecting the Output! is a double of the power for coupling the Output and the phase is 90° greater than the latter. Likewise, when the signal enters from the Input2, the power for directly connecting the Output is a double of the power for coupling the
    Output! and the phase is 90° greater than the latter.
    In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 4, 30 high-frequency radiation units 4 are provided and divided into five high-frequency FDD antenna arrays. Specifically, the high-frequency radiation units 4 are respectively and equidistantly arranged along axes a2, b2 to form high-frequency arrays HA1 and HA2. A part of high-frequency radiation units 4 in the arrays are disposed in the bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation unit 3 to form a radiating combination, which is helpful for implementation of a circuit performance index of the low-frequency array. Meanwhile, with such a manner in which high-frequency and low-frequency arrays are arranged coaxially, a cross sectional width of the antenna is reduced. The high-frequency radiation units 4 are respectively and equidistantly arranged along axes c1, c2, c3 to form high-frequency arrays HA3, HA4, HAS. The high-frequency array HA3 is located between the low-frequency subarrays L3 and L4. With the utilization of a radiation boundary formed by the bowl-shaped low-frequency radiation unit 3, a far-field pattern with superb performance may be obtained. The high-frequency arrays HA4 and HAS are located on two sides of the low-frequency subarray L1.
    In the embodiment of the present invention, projections of the X-shaped low-frequency radiation unit 2 and the high-frequency radiation unit 4 on the metal reflection plate 1 are prevented from being overlapped as much as possible, that is, the projections are staggered, which is beneficial to reduce an electromagnetic cross coupling action between the high-frequency and low-frequency arrays, and reinforce the independence of each array.
    In the embodiment of the present invention, 40 5G radiation units 5 are provided and arranged along N (N>=4) straight lines to form a TDD intelligent antenna planar array TA. A horizontal distance between the radiation units in the array is 0.5*A and a vertical distance is 0.77A, where the A is a wavelength of a central frequency point on a working frequency band.
    In the embodiment of the present invention, the low-frequency subarray L2 is nested in the TDD intelligent antenna planar array TA, and projections of the low-frequency subarray L2 and the TDD intelligent antenna planar array TA on the metal reflection plate are partially overlapped. As the X-shaped low-frequency radiation unit 2 has a height far greater than that of the 5G radiation unit 5, the electromagnetic coupling between the low-frequency subarray L2 and the TDD intelligent antenna planar array is limited. With the crossed and nested arrangement of the low-frequency subarray L2 and the TDD intelligent antenna planar array TA, a space in the antenna is utilized fully, and an overall length of the antenna is reduced.
    In the embodiment of the present invention, the multiple low-frequency FDD antenna arrays have a working frequency band of 690-960 MHz, the multiple high-frequency FDD antenna arrays have a working frequency band of 1427-2690 MHz, and the TDD intelligent antenna planar array has a working frequency band of 3300-5000 MHz.
    The hybrid array antenna provided by the present invention is integrated with multiple low-frequency antenna arrays working at a frequency band of 690-960 MHz, multiple high-frequency antenna arrays working at a frequency band of 1427-2690 MHz and a TDD intelligent antenna planar array working at a frequency band of 3300-5000 MHz.
    The frequency band of 3300-5000 MHz covers frequency bands of 3300-3600 MHz and 4800-5000 MHz that a 5G system announced and to be planned by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology work.
    Compared with a conventional base station antenna, an array structure inside is more compact and the number of integrated arrays is greater, and as a supplementary array, the 5G antenna array further expands an application scenario of the present invention.
    The hybrid array antenna provided by the present invention is an FDD/TDD fusion antenna covering all types of frequency bands in 2G, 3G and 4G, and simultaneously covering the frequency band of the future 5G system.
    The antenna has the characteristics of broadband, integration and miniaturization, may effectively solve the problem of insufficient network layout space of a conventional distributive antenna, effectively reduces the network layout time and cost, effectively expands the network capacity compared with the conventional antenna, and improves the network efficiency, thus improving a user experience.
    The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention rather than a limit to a scope of the present invention.
    Any equivalent structural change made with the specification and accompanying drawings of the present invention within the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct/indirect utilization in other related technical fields are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    1. One kind of hybrid array antenna, characterized by: that this antenna consists of a metal reflector, several X-shaped low frequency beam units, several bowl-shaped low frequency beam units, multiple high frequency beam units and multiple 5G beam units; of which the aforementioned different X-shaped low frequency ray units is formed by not less than 2 first low frequency aligned sub-arrays, and the arrangement of the aforementioned first layer frequency aligned sub-arrays, and the ray units of the X-shaped radiation in the subarray are equal distributed along the line on a metal reflector; the aforementioned cup-shaped low frequency beam units is formed by not less than 2 second low frequency beam units, and the aforementioned second low frequency beam units are evenly spaced in parallel on the metal reflective plate; the first and second low frequency auxiliary sub-arrays in the same column are a phase shift network connected to form multiple FDD antenna arrays.
    The multiple high frequency beam units form multiple high frequency FDD antenna arrays and their arrangements including the following types: The first type: the high frequency beam units are arranged at equal intervals along the line corresponding to the second low frequency sub-array on the metal reflection plate, and one part of the high frequency beam units are arranged inside the cup-shaped low frequency beam units, thereby forming a beam combination; The second type: the high frequency beam units are arranged between the two second low frequency sub-arrays; The third type: the high frequency ray units are arranged on either side of the first low frequency subarray; The aforementioned different 5G beam units are placed on no less than 4 lines at equal intervals on the metal reflector, thereby forming a TDD smart antenna planar array.
    [2]
    The aforementioned hybrid array antenna according to claim 1, characterized by: the aforementioned plurality of low-frequency FDD antenna arrays, their operating frequency band is 690-960 MHz, the operating frequency band of the aforementioned plurality of high-frequency FDD antenna arrays is 1427-2690 MHz, and the operating frequency band of the aforementioned TDD smart antenna planar array is 3300MHz-5000MHz.
    [3]
    The aforementioned hybrid array antenna according to claim 1, characterized by: The protrusions of the aforementioned X-shaped low frequency ray units and the high frequency ray units on the metal reflection plate must be staggered from each other; the projected parts on the metal reflector of the first low frequency subarray and the aforementioned TDD smart antenna planar array coincide.
    [4]
    The aforementioned hybrid array antenna according to claim 1, characterized by: the aforementioned not less than 2 pieces of first low frequency sub-arrays are placed side by side on the surface of the metal reflector, the first low frequency sub-array is arranged in parallel with the long side from the metal reflector along a straight line; the aforementioned not less than 2 pieces of second low frequency sub-arrays are placed side by side at the other end of the surface of the metal reflector, the second low frequency sub-array is arranged in parallel with the long side of the metal reflector along a straight line; the first low frequency subarray and the second low frequency subarray are in the same column using a phase shift network connected to form multiple FDD antenna arrays.
    [5]
    The aforementioned hybrid array antenna according to claim 1, characterized by: the aforementioned cup-shaped low frequency ray units consists of: the first dipole lower arm, a second dipole lower arm, a third dipole lower arm and a fourth dipole lower low-radiation; The aforementioned the first dipole lower radiant arm, a second dipole lower radiant arm, a third dipole lower radiant arm and a fourth dipole lower radiant arm are circumscribed at four corners to form a cup-shaped low frequency ray units, the dipole lower radiant arms of which in a diagonal relationship, a radiation combination, and the first radiation combination and the second radiation combination, produce +45 polarized radiated electromagnetic waves, respectively.
    [6]
    The aforementioned hybrid array antenna according to claim 5, characterized by: the metal reflector is also provided with different orthogonal mixers; in the various second low frequency sub-arrays, the first radiation combination of a pair of adjacent cup-shaped low frequency beam units is respectively connected to the corresponding input ports of two orthogonal mixers; and in the various second low frequency sub-arrays, the second radiation combination of a pair of adjacent cup-shaped low frequency beam units is respectively also connected to the corresponding input ports of two orthogonal mixers.
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