• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a harvest transport device for from a growing location on a cultivation substrate of a crop, such as mushroom or mushroom, harvested, such as picked, transporting crop to a location outside the cultivation substrate, the harvest transport device comprising: - a trolley, comprising a frame, for moving relative to the cultivation substrate, - a harvest conveyor for the easy reach, suitable for a simple manual placement of the crops therein, transporting the growing location of the crop, - a discharge conveyor for the removal of the crop from the harvest conveyor. The present invention further relates to a method for harvesting a crop, such as a mushroom or mushroom.
    公开号:NL2023708A
    申请号:NL2023708
    申请日:2019-08-26
    公开日:2020-03-02
    发明作者:Van Den Top Hendrik；Jan Van Den Top Bart
    申请人:Jan Van Den Top Bart；Van Den Top Hendrik；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    HARVEST TRANSPORTATION DEVICE AND METHOD
    The present invention relates to a harvest transport device for harvested from a growing location on a culture substrate of a crop, such as mushroom or mushroom, as picked, transporting crop to a location outside the culture substrate. The present invention furthermore relates to a method for harvesting the crop, such as the mushroom or mushroom.
    It is a known problem in the cultivation of mushrooms that damage is easily done and should be prevented. For this purpose, the manual picking is strongly preferred because of the possibilities of preventing damage with such a manual picking.
    An obstacle to this is that a large part of the cultivation of mushrooms takes place in a cultivation area, in which elongated containers with cultivation substrate are arranged in racks above each other, so-called rack cultivation. Existing manual harvesting aids have not been found useful in rack culture for the present inventor. As a result, harvesting in rack cultivation was significantly behind efficiency compared to harvesting at a level.
    In order to overcome such drawbacks, the present invention provides a harvest transport device for harvested from a growing location on a cultivation substrate of a crop, such as mushroom or mushroom, as picked, transporting crop to a location outside the cultivation substrate, comprising the harvest conveying device:
    a carriage, comprising a frame, for moving relative to the culture substrate,
    - a harvest conveyor for the easy access from the reach, suitable for a simple manual placement of the crops, of the growing location of the crop, transporting the crop,
    - a discharge conveyor for discharging the crop from the harvest conveyor.
    An advantage of such a harvest transport device is that harvesting in a rack culture can be carried out manually, whereby only the minimal operations of picking the crop and arranging the crop are within the reach of the harvest conveyor to be carried out manually, after which the harvest transport device discharges the crop in a crop-cleaning manner and no further manual operations are required. In the context of rack cultivation, this improves the harvesting efficiency in terms of limiting working time.
    According to a first preferred embodiment, the harvest transport device comprises a transfer assembly for crop-clean transfer of the crop from the harvest conveyor to the discharge conveyor. This advantageously achieves that the crop is transferred between the harvesting conveyor and the discharge conveyor without damage that is immediately visible and without damage that becomes visible some time after a damaging event.
    According to a further preferred embodiment, the harvesting transport device comprises actuation means for actuating a movement of the crop from the harvesting conveyor to the discharge conveyor. It is hereby provided that the actuating means directly engage the crop or cooperate with an element of the harvest conveyor.
    Preferably, the harvesting conveyor comprises a placement body for placing the crop therein or thereon for transport from placing therein or thereon to discharge from the harvesting conveyor or transfer to the discharge conveyor. for example provide openings in the harvesting conveyor, a soft support surface with, for example, such openings or a brush-shaped support surface.
    According to a further preferred embodiment, the harvesting conveyor comprises a series of crop pick-up members suitable for simple manual placement of crops therein, preferably wherein the crop pick-up members support a left support member and a right support member for supporting the crop in mutual support orientation from places in the crop. harvest conveyor to discharge from the harvest conveyor or transfer to the discharge conveyor. Such crop pick-up members are preferably arranged on a single or double conveyor chain for transporting them along the discharge conveyor and along the culture substrate. This advantageously satisfies the desire for minimal manual effort and coordination for the harvest.
    Preferably, the harvesting transport device comprises a spreading assembly for spreading the left support member and / or the right support member. Such a spreading assembly provides the advantage that the transfer of the crop between the harvesting conveyor and the discharge conveyor is carried out by means of such spreading. The crop hereby falls from the harvest conveyor to the discharge conveyor, preferably over a minimum drop height.
    Preferably, the spreading assembly includes actuating means for actuating at least one of the left support member and the right support member. it is advantageously achieved by means of such actuation means that the transfer takes place in a suitable manner or at a suitable moment.
    Preferably, the spreading assembly includes an actuator, such as an actuation wheel, for actuating at least one of the left support member and the right support member. By actuating the actuator, the left-hand left supporting member is moved away from the right-hand supporting member relative to each other, the implementation of an actuating wheel enabling actuation by means of an attendant. An actuator guide for urging the actuator from a rest position to an actuated position is preferably provided here.
    According to a further preferred embodiment, the harvesting transport device comprises a transmission for providing mutual movement between the left support member and right support member. This is preferably made by means of a toothing through which the left supporting member and the right supporting member cooperate with one another for spreading. It is advantageous here that the transmission allows actuation of only one of the support members.
    According to a further preferred embodiment, the discharge conveyor is movable from an internal position in which it is located internally of the harvesting conveyor or its frame and an output position in which it protrudes from the harvesting conveyor or its frame for the purpose of exporting the crop therefrom. This is advantageous for moving the harvesting conveyor along uprights of racks in the rack culture. It is hereby realized that the crop can be unloaded in the export position in a crop-cleaning manner by the discharge conveyor to a unloading position which is arranged outside the rack. The output conveyor furthermore preferably comprises a conveyor belt for this purpose.
    Preferably, the output conveyor is arranged for sideways discharge of the crop, preferably substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the culture substrate.
    According to a further preferred embodiment, the difference in transport height between the harvesting conveyor and the discharge conveyor is substantially less than 10 cm, preferably less than 5 cm, further preferably less than 2 cm, further preferably less than 1 cm, further preferably less than half an inch, further preferably substantially equal to the thickness of any support member for carrying a crop thereof plus an operational clearance between the bottom thereof and the top of the discharge conveyor. For example, in the cultivation of a mushroom, a minimal impact load is preferred to prevent immediately visible damage, but in particular to prevent damage that will become visible later. The smaller the fall, the smaller the risk of such damage.
    According to a further preferred embodiment, the harvest transport device comprises a separating assembly such as a cutting assembly for separating a side part of the crop from a main part of the crop. It is hereby realized that waste from the crop is already removed in the harvest transport device. This makes it possible to pack the crop immediately after or upon unloading from the discharge conveyor. A further advantage is that any removal of such waste does not have to be part of the operations that a human harvesting performs. Preferably, the separation assembly includes a blade, such as a rotary blade.
    Further preferably, the separation takes place mainly at the location of the underside of the harvesting conveyor or a supporting element thereof. Hereby stability is provided by the harvest conveyor or the carrier element to the crop, which stability facilitates the separation. This makes, for example, a separation cut of the crop relatively neat and any damage to the crop is maximally prevented.
    According to a further preferred embodiment, the main conveyor comprises a discharge assembly for discharging parts of the crop, such as a side part or waste part thereof. The waste is suitably removed from the harvesting conveyor by means of such a conveyor. Preferably, the output assembly includes a conveyor worm or auger.
    According to a further preferred embodiment, the harvesting conveyor has a placement part which, preferably by means of a substantially V-shape thereof, is suitable for reaching manually from two sides, more preferably arranged at the front of the harvesting device. This increases the harvesting efficiency and, for example, also works with a relatively wide crop bed where approaching both sides is advantageous.
    Preferably, the harvest transport device comprises at least one drive motor for at least one of the harvest conveyor, the discharge conveyor or its inward and outward movement, the separating assembly, the discharge assembly and / or the carriage.
    According to a further preferred embodiment the harvest conveyor, the discharge conveyor and any respective drive motor are arranged substantially in the construction height for the purpose of a small construction height. In this way it is advantageously realized that the device can be used in rack culture, even if the mutual distance in vertical direction between racks arranged one above the other is relatively small.
    A further aspect according to the present invention relates to a method for harvesting a crop, such as mushroom or mushroom, by means of a harvest transport device according to one or more of the preceding claims, comprising steps for:
    - arranging the crop in the harvesting conveyor,
    - transporting the crop to the discharge conveyor by the harvesting conveyor,
    - transferring the crop from the harvesting conveyor to the discharge conveyor,
    - transporting the crop by means of the discharge conveyor.
    Such an aspect provides advantages as described by the above aspect.
    According to a further preferred embodiment, the arrangement of the crop in the harvesting conveyor is preferably carried out manually, whereby the crop is picked from a cultivation substrate and arranged in the harvesting conveyor within reach, or in which the picking is carried out by means of a robot.
    Further advantages, features and details of the present invention will be described in greater detail below with reference to one or more preferred embodiments with reference to the attached figures. Similar but not necessarily identical parts of different preferred embodiments are designated by the same reference numerals.
    Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
    Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a plan view of elements of the preferred embodiment of FIG. 1.
    Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a plan view of more detailed elements of the preferred embodiment of FIG. 1.
    Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of elements of the preferred embodiment of FIG. 1.
    Fig. 5 is a schematic representation in another perspective of the preferred embodiment of FIG.
    1.
    Fig. 6 is a schematic representation in a further perspective of the preferred embodiment of FIG. 1.
    Fig. 7 is a schematic representation in a further perspective of the preferred embodiment of FIG. 1.
    Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of elements of the preferred embodiment of FIG. 1.
    A first preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to a harvest transport device 1. The harvest transport device generally comprises a trolley 6, comprising a frame, a harvest conveyor 2, a discharge conveyor 3, and an output assembly 8. The trolley serves to be able to move the harvest transport device over an edge of a holder for a culture substrate or a culture bed. Such containers are widely used in the cultivation of crops, such as mushrooms or mushrooms. Usually such containers are arranged one above the other in racks. For the purpose of harvesting the crop, the harvesting conveyor is moved relative to the culture substrate. Preferably this is done by moving over the wheels 11 of the trolley 6. The trolley is adjustable relative to the wheels in order to achieve a correct orientation or height relative to the substrate. One reason for this is that the substrate varies in height over its utilization period.
    The harvest conveyor in these preferred embodiments is formed by 2 chains 22, 23 arranged one above the other. The chains are carried by gear assemblies 24 comprising respective sprockets 22 ', 23', each of which has a sprocket 23 'arranged above a sprocket 22' along a vertical axis. or stand 24. For driving the conveyor, one of the gear assemblies 24 is drivable by a drive gear 25 '. The drive sprocket 25 'is connectable by one or chain 25 (Fig. 2) a drive sprocket 25 coupled to drive motor assembly 29. The drive motor assembly 29 is arranged within the periphery of the harvest conveyor 2, overlapping substantially in height with it for realizing it. of a low construction height of the combination harvest conveyor 2 with drive assembly 29.
    The harvest conveyor 2 comprises a series of crop carriers 21 which are attached to the assembly of the chains 22, 23. For this purpose a support 26 is always attached to the chain 22 and a support 26 'to the chain 23. A crop carrier support 49 is attached to the support a 26 and 26 'respectively. A function thereof is that the two chains are interconnected, which provides stability and contributes to a mutual positioning of the chains relative to each other.
    An axle carrier 43 is mounted on the crop carrier support for carrying two support shafts 45 'and 47' for carrying a left support member 47 and right support member 45 respectively. The left support member and the right support member are mutually connected by means of a toothing 48, 48 ". Furthermore, the left and / or the right support member are arranged under pretension, so that under this pretension, as by suitable means, the two support members are kept in the transport position.
    The toothing 48, 48 'holds the left support member 47 and the right support member 45 in position relative to each other. A transport position is the position in which the support members are located during the transport of the crop towards the discharge conveyor 2. At the location of the discharge conveyor 2, an actuation wheel 42 of the right-hand support member 45 is actuated by the actuation guide 41. Here, by displacing the support wheel 42 the right-hand support member 45 is spread by the actuation guide 41. As a result of the mutual cooperation of the teeth 48, 48 'the left supporting member 47 is also spread with this.
    By spreading the left and right support members relative to each other, the crop receiving member 21 is brought into the unloading position. As a result, the crop transfers from the harvesting conveyor to the discharge conveyor 3. A mutual distance between the top of the supporting members and the top of the belt 32 of the discharge conveyor prevents damage during this transition.
    The underside of a crop, which is preferably harvested by means of this harvest transport device, usually comprises a stem that varies in length per specimen. The amount of substrate adhering also varies per copy. It is therefore preferred that the crop be separated from the bottom of the stem. In the case of manual harvesting according to the prior art, the stem was usually cut manually during harvesting. A drawback here was that the stem was often cut at an angle and on the other hand to a uniform length.
    In order to ameliorate such a drawback, the present invention provides a separator assembly 7 comprising a rotary blade 7 '. The rotary blade is drivable by the chain or belt 72 from a drive motor assembly 29. The rotary blade is arranged to cut the stem of the crop at the bottom of the crop receiving member 21. A substantially horizontal orientation of the rotary blade 7 ' provides substantially the cut upon substantially straight cutting of the stem. In this way it is advantageously realized that the crop, after simple arrangement in the crop receiving member, is suitable for the end user with a high quality of finish without further manual operations.
    The discharge conveyor 3 comprises a belt support frame 31 deformed by frame elements 33, 33 'and these connect the supports 34 supporting conveyor belt 32. A drive wall or drive chains 35 provides a drive of the conveyor belt from a drive motor assembly 39. The discharge conveyor extends in the discharge position through an opening 37 of a side plate 28 of the car frame.
    The discharge conveyor is arranged slidably transverse to the direction of travel of the carriage relative to the carriage by means of a discharge conveyor comprising lateral rods 55, 55 'along which a discharge conveyor carriage 38 is arranged displaceably. This makes it insertable in the wagon to the internal position in which it is located internally in the harvest transport device or to the export position in which it protrudes from the harvest transport device or its frame for the purpose of exporting the crop. In addition to the discharge conveyor trolley, the discharge conveyor is here supported by guide wheels 56 which are arranged in a supporting manner against the lateral rod 55 '.
    The discharge conveyor is movably arranged longitudinally in the direction of travel of the carriage relative to the carriage. In addition, it is movable relative to the carriage by means of a support wheel 53 ', which is movable in a slot 53, and a gear wheel 54', which is movable along a rack 54.
    The harvesting transport device further comprises a discharge assembly 8 for discharging parts of the crop, such as a side part or waste part thereof, which is cut off by means of the rotary knife 7 '. Such a cut-off side part or waste part ends up in waste holder 8 'for the discharge by means of the discharge assembly 8. The discharge assembly comprises a drive motor assembly 89 for driving an auger 81 by means of a belt or chain. The auger is arranged in an elongated holder, as partly constructed as a sleeve, and discharges the secondary parts, such as the stems of mushrooms or mushrooms, towards the outlet opening 82. This outlet opening 82 is arranged next to and slightly below the outlet position of the discharge conveyor.
    In the foregoing, the present invention has been described with reference to some preferred embodiments. Different aspects of different embodiments are considered to be described in conjunction with one another, all combinations considered to be included within the scope of the invention upon reading by a skilled artisan based on this document by a skilled artisan. These preferred embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of this document. The requested rights are defined in the attached claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (24)
    [1]
    CONCLUSIONS
    Harvest transport device for harvested from a growing location on a culture substrate of a crop, such as mushroom or mushroom, as picked, transporting crop to a location outside the culture substrate, the harvesting transport device comprising:
    a carriage, comprising a frame, for moving relative to the culture substrate,
    - a harvest conveyor for the easy access from the reach, suitable for a simple manual placement of the crops, of the growing location of the crop, transporting the crop,
    - a discharge conveyor for discharging the crop from the harvest conveyor.
    [2]
    Harvest transport device according to claim 1, comprising a transfer assembly for crop-clean transfer of the crop from the harvest conveyor to the discharge conveyor.
    [3]
    Harvest transport device according to one or more of the preceding claims, comprising actuating means for actuating a movement of the crop from the harvest conveyor to the discharge conveyor.
    [4]
    Harvest transporting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, in which the harvesting conveyor comprises a placing body for placing the crop therein or thereon for transport from placing therein or thereon to discharge from the harvesting conveyor or transferring it to the discharge conveyor.
    [5]
    Harvest transporting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the harvesting conveyor comprises a series of crop receiving members suitable for easy manual placement of crops therein, preferably wherein the crop receiving members have a left support member and a right support member in a mutual support orientation to support the crop from placement in the harvest conveyor to discharge from the harvest conveyor or transfer to the discharge conveyor.
    [6]
    Harvest transport device according to claim 5, comprising a spreading assembly for spreading the left support member and / or the right support member from a transport state to an unloading state.
    [7]
    Harvest transporting device according to claim 6, wherein the spreading assembly comprises actuating means for actuating at least one of the left support member and the right support member.
    [8]
    Harvest transport device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the spreading assembly comprises an actuator, such as an actuating wheel, for actuating at least one of the left support member and the right support member.
    [9]
    Harvest transport device according to one or more of claims 5-8, comprising an actuator guide for urging the actuator from a rest position to an actuated position.
    [10]
    Harvest transport device according to one or more of claims 5-8, comprising a transmission for providing mutual movement between the left support member and right support member.
    [11]
    Harvest conveying device according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the discharge conveyor is movable from an internal position in which it is located internally of the harvesting conveying device or its frame and an output position in which it protrudes from the harvesting conveying device or the frame thereof for the purpose of exporting of the crop.
    [12]
    Harvest conveying device according to one or more of the preceding claims, in which the output conveyor comprises a conveyor belt.
    [13]
    Harvest transport device according to one or more of the preceding claims, in which the output conveyor is arranged for sideways discharge of the crop, preferably substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cultivation substrate.
    [14]
    Harvest conveying device according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the difference in transport height between the harvesting conveyor and the discharge conveyor is substantially less than 10 cm, preferably less than 5 cm, further preferably less than 2 cm, further preferably less than 1 cm, further preferably less than half a centimeter, further preferably substantially equal to the thickness of any support element for carrying a crop thereof plus an operational clearance between the bottom thereof and the top of the discharge conveyor.
    [15]
    Harvest transport device according to one or more of the preceding claims, a separating assembly such as a cutting assembly for separating a side part of the crop from a main part of the crop.
    [16]
    Harvest transporting device according to the preceding claims, wherein the separating assembly comprises a knife, such as a rotating knife.
    [17]
    Harvest transport device according to claim 15 or 16, in which the separation takes place substantially at the location of the underside of the harvest conveyor or a support element thereof.
    [18]
    Harvest transport device according to one or more of the preceding claims, comprising a discharge assembly for discharging parts of the crop, such as a side part or waste part thereof.
    [19]
    Harvest transport device according to claim 18, wherein the output assembly comprises a transport worm or auger.
    [20]
    Harvest conveying device according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the harvesting conveyor has a placement section which, preferably by means of a substantially V-shape thereof, is suitable for reaching manually from two sides, further preferably arranged at the front of the harvesting conveying device .
    [21]
    Harvest transporting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, comprising at least one drive motor for at least one of the harvesting conveyor, the discharge conveyor or moving it in and out, the separating assembly, the discharge assembly and / or the trolley.
    [22]
    Harvest conveying device according to one or more of the preceding claims, in which for the purpose of a small construction height the harvest conveyor, the discharge conveyor and any respective drive motor are arranged substantially in the construction height.
    [23]
    A method for harvesting a crop, such as mushroom or mushroom, by means of a harvest transport device according to one or more of the preceding claims, comprising steps for:
    - arranging the crop in the harvesting conveyor,
    - transporting the crop to the discharge conveyor by the harvesting conveyor,
    - transferring the crop from the harvesting conveyor to the discharge conveyor,
    - transporting the crop by means of the discharge conveyor.
    [24]
    A method according to claim 23, wherein the arranging of the crop in the harvesting conveyor takes place manually, the crop being picked from a cultivation substrate arranged within reach within the harvesting conveyor, or wherein the picking is carried out by means of a robot.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    NL2023708B1|2020-11-23|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NL2021499|2018-08-25|
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