• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Use of an independent unit with on-board energy supply when monitoring a component that belongs to a railroad or motorway, the unit being adapted for radio communication and preferably the means of the unit for radio communication are adapted for send and generate chirps from the digital data to be transferred. For example, to monitor the condition of a component in a tunnel or at a switch, such as heating. The data communication is via an LPWAN type network.
    公开号:NL2017027A
    申请号:NL2017027
    申请日:2016-06-22
    公开日:2016-12-29
    发明作者:Steentjes Noël
    申请人:Volkerrail Nederland Bv；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Monitors with an LPWAN data logger.
    This invention relates to the monitoring of a component that belongs to a railroad of a train for the transport of people and goods, or belongs to a motorway. The component belongs, for example, to the overhead power line for the train, for example the pole-rail connection, or the return cable or minus cable or potential equalization cable or other component of the overhead line return system. Another component is the points heating or part thereof, or a positioner or part thereof, or a compensation or ES weld (dilatation joint or electrical separation weld in a rail) or an access door of, for example, a relay box, relay house or fence. Yet another component may be a component in or on a tunnel for car or train traffic, such as a tunnel wall or a tunnel fan or a visibility meter, or a hectometer post or a lamppost or traffic sign or signpost or signboard.
    By "railway" is also meant here "motorway", and vice versa.
    To this end, an independent unit has been invented with one or more of: an internal radio transmitter and possibly an internal radio receiver of a radio signal; an internal battery, preferably of a non-rechargeable type that supplies galvanic current through a chemical reaction, preferably with a capacity sufficient to provide the unit with the required power for at least 5 years; an internal memory and an internal microprocessor; a sensor; an internal analog-digital converter; an internal clock; an internal or external antenna; one or more keys for data entry by a user; a display unit such as display or display; an internal digital chirp and / or chirp-digital converter.
    The unit preferably comprises a radio communication system that works with digital data and one or more of chirp signals, chirp modulation and conjugate chirps. Reference is made in this connection to EP2449690, US6549562, EP0952713, US6940893, US6614853 and EP2763321, the contents of which are each incorporated herein. Radio communication is preferably via modulated and unmodulated chirps in combination. For example, a narrow-band or ultra-narrow-band radio technology is used, preferably using "binary phase-shift keying (BPSK)".
    The communication is via a network, preferably of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) type.
    For the purpose of radio communication, the unit is preferably equipped with a transmitter and / or receiver according to one of the claims 1 to 18 of EP2763321.
    The unit is preferably configured so that on the transmitter side the digital transmission data to be transmitted via radio is converted into chirps which are transmitted by the antenna and after reception on the receiver side are converted into digital reception data which is substantially equal to the digital transmission data.
    This unit is preferably arranged for one or more of: the transmission (circuit or packet switching) of a status signal at a transmission frequency between, for example, 860 and 1000 MHz (for example a minimum of 860 or 865 and / or a maximum of 870 or 900 MHz) at a transmission power preferably 25 mW or less and a data rate between, for example, 0.3 and 50 kbps; a message at intervals of at least 10 minutes or 1 hour or 10 hours or one day or one week or one month and / or at most one day or one week or one month or one year for a maximum of 1 second, preferably with a size of not more than 3 bytes (for example 8 or 16 bits per byte), transmitting (uplink) and possibly only waiting for a response from the server immediately after sending, with a size preferably not exceeding 3 bytes (for example 8 or 16 bits per byte) , for a maximum of 1 second (downlink receive window), after which the send / receive procedure is closed and remains closed during the interval to be reactivated after the interval; sending for a maximum of 1% or 10% of the available time; sampling with a frequency that is at least 10 or 50 or 100 times higher than the frequency with which it is sent, for example sampling every minute and sending every hour; sending immediately as soon as a certain result is obtained from sampling.
    During the interval the CPU will preferably sample the data from the sensor at least once, in order to keep the energy consumption low, it is preferably sampled a maximum of three times per interval or a maximum of once every 10 minutes or per day.
    The relevant monitoring data is preferably transmitted in association with a unique identification data of the unit.
    The unit preferably belongs to a group of identical units that have a mutual distance of at least 1 or 5 or 10 or 100 and / or at most 100 or 200 or 1000 meters and this group is included in a wireless radio network for simplex or duplex communication and each individual unit is at a distance of at least 1 or 2 or 5 or 10 kilometers from the nearest radio transmit / receive mast of the terrestrial network of such masts that are arranged according to the cellular network principle, which masts are connected via a wired network to the server computer that is fed with the data from the group of units and possibly in turn supplies data to this group.
    The units transmit independently of each other and the moment of transmission is, for example, triggered by the unit's own clock. In duplex communication, the sending by the unit preferably triggers the sending of the response by the server computer, during which duplex communication preferably the relevant unit communicates with the same mast for both the upload and the download part.
    The group of units is preferably located along the railroad track or motorway, for example, from a longitudinal section of the railroad every pole of the overhead line, or from a motorway every hectare meter or lamppost is equipped with a unit. The maximum space between the units may be 1000 or 2000 meters. For units associated with return cables or minus cables or potential equalization cables, a single unit is preferably used per such cable and all such cables of a length section of the track are preferably provided with a unit. For units associated with switch heating, a single switch is preferably equipped with a large number of units. Preferably, each heat source, for example burner pipe, is equipped with its own unit. Because burner pipes can be a short distance apart, in this case the units will be at a mutual distance between 50 centimeters and 3 meters. If associated with a compensation weld, ES weld or barrier, such as door, from an access opening, each weld or door is equipped with its own unit and this unit is preferably located at a distance less than 1 meter from this weld or door and / or at least 10 meters away from other units belonging to this group (because these welds or doors are usually at least 10 meters apart. If associated with a switch, 1, 2 or more units are associated with the same switch and these units keep a mutual distance of preferably at least 50 cm or 1 m.
    The antenna is preferably at least 0.25 or 1 or 3 meters above the level of the rail or road surface or road surface, in order to guarantee reliable wireless radio signal transmission with the associated network mast over the large distance of, for example, minimum 2 kilometers.
    The sensor is adapted to preferably register a galvanic voltage (for example with the pole-rail connection) or current (for example with the return cable) or magnetic field (for example to detect a galvanic current) or a temperature (for example with the alternating heater) or a displacement (for example with the compensation weld) or a vibration or the humidity. The sensor can be combined with a door contact or reed contact or microswitch to, for example, check the closing position of a door.
    For example, the unit is integrated with breakdown safety of, for example, a pole-rail connection. In another example, the unit is integrated in a hollow profile, for example of an entrance gate, and the antenna preferably projects into an opening in the profile wall open to the environment.
    The invention also relates to a method for determining which component of a group of identical components belonging to a railway track or motorway that is located at mutual intervals along a railway track or motorway, must be visited by a maintenance engineer, which components are equipped with each an own unit according to the invention and these units are included in a radio communication network via which the units transfer measurement data to a server computer, which server computer is configured to select the component to be visited and presents it to a user and then the the service engineer goes to the selected component.
    For example, a tunnel is equipped with a group of units with mutual spacing, for example mounted in or on the tunnel wall. Advantageous applications in a tunnel for car or train traffic are as follows:
    Monitoring the condition of the tunnel wall, for example deterioration of the light reflection of the tunnel walls due to pollution. To this end, each unit of the group is equipped with a means for measuring the light reflection of an associated part of the tunnel wall. The centrally collected measurement data is preferably used for comparing with a threshold value upon passage that is decided to wash the tunnel wall. This increases road safety and reduces maintenance costs.
    Monitoring the condition of the fans in the tunnel, for example by means of a vibration and / or galvanic current measurement. These fans generate an artificial air flow through the tunnel for ventilation. For this purpose, each fan is preferably associated with its own unit which is equipped with a means for vibration and / or current measurement to measure vibration of the fan or supply current of the fan. A trend can be deduced from the obtained measurement data with which a prediction can be made about the time of necessary repair.
    Monitoring the condition of sight meters, in particular the lens or the viewing window, with which smoke development in the tunnel is monitored. For this purpose, each view meter is preferably associated with its own unit which is equipped with a means for measuring the light transmittance of the lens or the viewing window. From the obtained measurement data, a trend can be deduced with which a prediction about the moment of necessary cleaning of the lens or window can be made.
    By equipping a unit with an inclinometer, it can be detected whether the associated object, for example a pole, is upright or not. Equipping the unit with a light or temperature sensor makes it possible to detect whether the associated object, such as street lighting or switch heating, is working (for example, providing light or heat). By equipping the unit with a position determination, for example GPS or triangulation (position determination by distance measurement of at least two or three associated masts of the radio network), the location of the associated object, for example a sign or traffic sign, can be determined and thus remotely checked whether the object is at the desired location.
    The following is an explanation of the example shown in the drawing.
    FIG. 1 schematically shows a unit of the invention;
    FIG. 2 is a perspective view of part of a railroad track;
    FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a railroad to be heated against freezing;
    FIG. 4 shows in a graph the variation in time of the frequency of a basic chirp and of a modulated chirp;
    FIG. 5 shows in a graph the phase of the signals shown in FIG. 4;
    FIG. 6 shows in a graph the real and the complex component of the basic chirp, in the time domain.
    FIG. 1 shows the housing of the unit containing all components so that the unit can function completely independently, and the antenna protrudes from the housing.
    FIG. 2 shows the posts 5 that support the overhead line. Each pole is equipped with a pole-rail connection and a unit is connected to it, so that each pole 5 is equipped with its own unit.
    The switch in fig. 3 is equipped with gas-fired burner pipes and each burner pipe is equipped with its own unit. In this way, every burner pipe can be checked for correct functioning remotely. For example, a burner pipe is located in the area II along the switch tongue.
    FIG. 4-6 show examples of chirps used in radio communication.
    Many alternative embodiments belong to the invention, also in which an alternative to chirps is used.
    The invention thus relates, for example, to the use of an independent unit with on-board energy supply when monitoring a component belonging to a railway, the unit being adapted for radio communication and preferably the means of the unit for the radio communication are arranged for sending and generating chirps from the digital data to be transmitted. The invention thus relates to a device and / or method for monitoring a component or group of substantially identical components, preferably wherein each component is associated with its own wirelessly communicating data logger of a group of substantially identical data loggers.
    The invention also includes an embodiment obtained by a measure disclosed by it separately, optionally combined with one or more other measures disclosed thereby.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    A method of monitoring a component that belongs to a track or motorway, using an independent unit associated with the component with an internal radio transmitter and an internal radio receiver of a radio signal; an internal battery of a non-rechargeable type with a capacity sufficient to provide the unit with the required power for at least 5 years; an internal memory and an internal microprocessor; a sensor; an internal analog-digital converter; an internal clock; an antenna, where the unit wirelessly transfers the data to a deleted receiver.
    [2]
    Method according to claim 1, the data communication is via an LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) network type.
    [3]
    3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, radio communication via modulated and unmodulated chirps in combination.
    [4]
    Method according to any of claims 1-3, a narrow-band or ultra-narrow-band radio technology is used, preferably with the use of "binary phase-shift keying (BPSK)".
    [5]
    5. Method according to one of claims 1-4, the component is a breakdown safety of the pole-rail connection of the mast of the train overhead line or a heating element, such as burner pipe, associated with a rail heating of a switch heater.
    [6]
    6. Method according to one of claims 1-5, the component is located in a tunnel through which the road passes, for example a light reflection detector or fan or sight meter.
    [7]
    A method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the unit transmits a message, in association with a unique identification data of the unit, at a transmission frequency between 860 and 870 MHz at a transmission power of at most 25 mW and a data rate between 0 , 3 and 50 kbps, with intervals of at least one day and at most one week, for a maximum of 1 second with a size of at most 3 bytes and only immediately after sending wait for a reply from the server for at most 1 second after which the send / reception procedure is closed and remains closed during the interval to be temporarily activated again after the interval, whereby the sampling is done with a regularity that is at least 50 times higher than the regularity used for sending.
    [8]
    Method according to any of claims 1-7, the unit belongs to a group of identical units that have a mutual distance of at least 10 and at most 1000 meters and this group is included in a wireless radio network for duplex communication and each individual unit is located at a distance of at least 1 kilometer from the nearest radio transmitting / receiving mast of the terrestrial network of such masts that are arranged according to the cellular network principle, which masts are connected via a wired network to the server computer that is fed with the of the unit supplies data and in turn provides data to this group, the units transmitting independently of each other and the units are each associated with a relevant components identical to a group, for example overhead line masts (5).
    [9]
    9. Method according to one of claims 1-8, the antenna is located at least 0.25 meters above the running surface of the rail.
    [10]
    Method according to any of claims 1-9, the sensor is adapted to register one or more of: a galvanic voltage or current or magnetic field or a temperature or a displacement or a vibration or the humidity or light or tilt or position determination .
    [11]
    A method according to any of claims 1-10, wherein a group of identical units with mutual spacing is mounted in or on the tunnel wall and each unit of the group is provided with a means for measuring the light reflection of an associated part of the tunnel wall and associated data is sent.
    [12]
    A method according to any of claims 1-11, wherein a group of identical units with mutual spacing is mounted in or on the tunnel wall and each unit of the group is equipped with a means for the vibration and / or current measurement of an associated fan in the tunnel.
    [13]
    A method according to any of claims 1-12, wherein a group of identical units with mutual spacing is mounted in or on the tunnel wall and each unit of the group is provided with a means for measuring the light transmittance of the lens or the viewing window of an associated visibility meter in the tunnel.
    [14]
    14. Method according to one of claims 1-13, on the transmitter side the digital transmission data to be transmitted via radio is converted into chirps which are transmitted by the antenna and, after reception on the receiver side, are converted into digital reception data which substantially the same as the digital transmission data.
    [15]
    The method of any one of claims 1-14, the unit comprising one or more keys for data entry by a user; a display unit such as display or display; an internal digital-chirp and chirp-digital converter.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    NL2017027B1|2018-12-07|
    EP3109126A1|2016-12-28|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE19646745C2|1996-11-01|1999-07-08|Nanotron Ges Fuer Mikrotechnik|Transfer procedure and arrangement for carrying out the procedure|
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    US6940893B1|1999-09-27|2005-09-06|Telecommunications Research Laboratories|High-speed indoor wireless chirp spread spectrum data link|
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    DE102009020124A1|2009-03-04|2010-09-09|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Remote monitoring of operating parameters of a catenary system|
    EP2278724A1|2009-07-02|2011-01-26|Nanoscale Labs|Communications system|
    EP2763321B1|2013-02-05|2020-04-08|Semtech Corporation|Low power long range transmitter|
    CN204066398U|2014-09-09|2014-12-31|武汉慧联无限科技有限公司|Traffic detection system|CN110588717B|2019-10-18|2021-06-29|济南舜达轨道交通设计有限公司|Civil air defense door interlocking protection device and method|
    GB2598173A|2020-02-18|2022-02-23|Mtr Corporation Ltd|System and apparatus for monitoring underground railway tunnel|
    法律状态:
    2020-03-25| PD| Change of ownership|Owner name: VOLKERWESSELS INTELLECTUELE EIGENDOM B.V.; NL Free format text: DETAILS ASSIGNMENT: CHANGE OF OWNER(S), ASSIGNMENT; FORMER OWNER NAME: VOLKERRAIL NEDERLAND B.V. Effective date: 20200317 |
    2022-02-02| MM| Lapsed because of non-payment of the annual fee|Effective date: 20210701 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NL2015024|2015-06-24|
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