• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:NL2014902A
    申请号:NL2014902
    申请日:2015-06-01
    公开日:2016-05-24
    发明作者:Bade Tom
    申请人:The Triple E Trust Holding B V；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Soil improver comprising sludge containing mycorrhiza, as well as method for manufacturing the soil improver DESCRIPTION:
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    The invention relates to a soil improver comprising sludge. Soil improvers are substances that are added to the soil for the purpose of improving the fertility of the soil so that the plants grow better and are healthier.
    Sludge is the deposit on the bottom of solid particles present in (running) water. Where the flow rate decreases, the particles settle on the bottom like a kind of clay. Sludge of natural origin can be used as a soil improver and usually gives fertile soil. Nowadays sludge is not used much anymore because manure would be better and much sludge is nowadays contaminated, often with heavy metals.
    State of the art
    Soil improvers are generally known. A widely used soil conditioner is fertilizer. However, this known soil conditioner is relatively expensive. Moreover, one of the main components of fertilizer is becoming increasingly scarce, namely the phosphorus element. In addition, there is a need for more and more fertilizer as intensive soil and erosion cause the soil to become increasingly exhausted. There is therefore a need for an inexpensive soil conditioner that can be produced in large quantities.
    Summary of the invention
    An object of the invention is to provide a well-soaked and inexpensive soil conditioner. To this end, the soil conditioner according to the invention is characterized in that the soil conditioner further comprises mycorrhizae present in the sludge.
    A mycorrhiza is a mutualistic symbiosis of fungi and plant roots. Mutualism is one of the forms of symbiosis (mutualistic symbiosis). Symbiosis is the long-term coexistence (long-term interaction) of two organisms of different species, whereby society / interaction is beneficial or even necessary for at least one of the organisms. In mutualism, both life forms benefit from interaction / society.
    In an undisturbed ecosystem, the roots of most plants are able to enter into a symbiosis with certain fungi, called mycorrhiza. Depending on the structure and the fungal partners, different mycorrhiza types are distinguished, namely ectomycorrhiza and endomycorrhiza. In endotrophic mycorrhizae, such as that found in, for example, orchids, the fungal threads penetrate the bark cells of the plant root. With ectotrophic mycorrhizae, such as with pine and birch, the fungal threads only grow around the outside of the plant root. The fungal threads penetrate into the intercellular spaces and therefore not into the cells of the bark tissue of the plant root. An example of this is the truffle.
    Mycorrhiza fungi can exploit a large soil volume and absorb nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, in particular due to the exuberant growth and small diameter of hyphae (approx. 3pm). Every mycorrhizal fungus has a specific function. For example, some mycorrhizal fungi can mainly absorb inorganic nutrients, while other fungi absorb organic nutrients, for example from humus. In addition, mycorrhizal fungi can contribute to resistance of trees and plants to soil pathogens, drought and heavy metals.
    Many mycorrhiza form a fungal root or ectomycorrhiza, a mycelium that surrounds the roots and protects against dehydration, heavy metals and parasites. From there it grows as a finely branched network of fungal threads between the roots and thus improves the root stability and increases the rooting capacity and the absorption capacity of the root system by a factor of 1000. Through this extensive network, water is supplied and place nutrient salts dissolved in water from the soil to the tree.
    Plants with mycorrhiza grow much better on poor soils than plants without such symbiosis. This is explained by the fact that fungal hyphae can search for scarce elements such as phosphorus much more effectively than roots can do alone. The interest in mycorrhiza has increased sharply in recent years among farmers and foresters, especially in connection with reforestation and the insight that environmental pollution is harming the health of the trees by using precisely that mycorrhiza. And even if plants can survive without mycorrhiza it appears that the plants that do have mycorrhiza need much less fertilizer, grow better on low fertile soils and are more resistant to heavy metals, temperature and Ph fluctuations, etc .. An estimated 90 % of all plants have some form of mycorrhiza.
    By adding mycorrhiza to sludge, the sludge becomes usable as (main) component of a soil conditioner.
    In the soil conditioner according to the invention, mycorrhiza first of all has a purifying effect in the sludge, whereby harmful substances in the sludge are removed or isolated. In addition, the mycorrhiza has a positive effect on improving the soil structure. The soil conditioner should preferably first be stored for some time after production in order for the mycorrhiza to have a cleansing effect in the sludge and can only then be applied to the land. So a product, sludge, nowadays regarded as waste, becomes the main component of a new soil improver, so a waste problem is solved and a soil improver is obtained at the same time. Because the main component (sludge) of this soil conditioner can be obtained cheaply, the final soil conditioner can also be relatively cheap.
    The sludge is preferably present in a partially dried state, the moisture content of the soil improver being between 10 and 40%. The moisture content is the amount by weight of water in the soil conditioner expressed as a percentage of the dry weight of the artificially dried soil conditioner. The soil conditioner must be moist to keep the mycorrhiza alive. By keeping the moisture content below 40%, the soil conditioner quickly falls apart during use, so that it is quickly absorbed into the soil. The moisture content of the soil improver is preferably between 20 and 30%.
    Furthermore, the soil improver is preferably present in the form of a solid body. Favorable forms of the body are granular and tablet form.
    An embodiment of the soil conditioner according to the invention is characterized in that the soil conditioner further comprises at least one seed grain which is located in the shapeless sludge or in the sludge formed into a body. After sowing, the seed grain is surrounded by fertile material so that it will develop well regardless of the environment outside the soil conditioner.
    A further embodiment of the soil conditioner according to the invention is characterized in that the soil conditioner further comprises groats. Gries is a residual product from soda manufacture (AKZO and later Brunnermond) that was discharged from 1957 to 2009 into the approach channel of the Bocht van Watum. The current was not strong enough to carry the groats, so that it accumulated to a 1.5 meter high bump with a surface of 22 ha and a volume of 335,000 m3. Groats may still be discharged into the sea today, chemically it is (modified) shell material (marl).
    The groy consists of precipitated calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, calcium sulphate, silicon dioxide, unburned limestone, calcium carbonate, dead-burned calcium oxide, ash residue from coke and metal oxides (including aluminum and iron). Precipitated calcium (gypsum) and unroasted calcium carbonate are the main constituents of the solid.
    Although groats may not be waste, it is not an easy raw material. Use as a soil improver in agriculture yields the most added value, while the actions (dredging, drying ashore and further transport and enrichment) do not differ so much from 'lower value' applications.
    It therefore seems quite possible to make a soil improver with coats as a constituent that meets the aforementioned requirements by: a low dosage of the groats, mixing of the groats with sludge and thereby neutralizing the basic character, combined with mycorrhiza for the heavy neutralize metals and use in agriculture, in particular for crops requiring calcareous soils, in particular viticulture.
    By including the groats in a soil conditioner that contains sludge and mycorrhiza, it is better suited to act as a raw material in a soil conditioner.
    A still further embodiment of the soil conditioner according to the invention is characterized in that the soil conditioner further comprises a waste product that can be broken down or isolated by the mycorrhizae. This waste product can for example be asbestos, oil or light radioactive material. As a result, the soil improver can also be used to improve the environment in highly polluted environments.
    The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a soil conditioner. With regard to this method, the invention is characterized in that it comprises the following steps: cultivating and harvesting mycorrhiza, reducing mycorrhiza, dredging sludge, drying sludge until it has a moisture content of between 10 and 40 %, and introducing the mycorrhiza into the sludge before or after the sludge has dried.
    Mycorrhiza can be grown and harvested by propagating plants that live together with a mycorrhiza. For this it is necessary that the mycorrhiza is also present. For this reason, soil with the mycorrhiza occurring therein must always be used during sowing and / or soil contaminated (mycorrhizised) must be added to the planting hole.
    Criteria have been formulated that must at least be met before one can speak of mutualism. For plants, four of the following six benchmarks would have to be met: 1. the co-existence of both bions is a permanent feature of their life cycle, 2. there is physical contact between the bions, 3. there is transport of substances between the bions or 4. through excretion of substances by one biont there is an improvement in the environmental conditions for the other biont 5. morphogenetic effects are noticeable (this is particularly evident in lichens), 6. metabolic products are formed, which neither bionte is formed alone.
    Examples: • An example of mutualism is the cooperation between hermit crabs and sea anemones. Some hermit crabs have a sea anemone on their shell. It eats from the food leftovers of the lobster and gives the lobster protection against attackers with its stabbing tentacles. When the lobster moves to another shell, the sea anemone often moves with it.
    • Another typical example of mutualism is pollination of plants by nectar-eating or pollen-collecting insects.
    • A further example is the lichen, where people speak of the phycobiont (algae) and the mycobiont (fungus).
    • A mycorrhiza is a mutualistic symbiosis of fungi and plant roots (often from orchids or trees).
    • An extreme form of mutualism is endosymbiosis, in which one organism (the endosymbiont) lives in the body or in the cells of another organism (the host).
    By separating the roots with the attached mycorrhizae from the rest of the plant after propagating such plants, one has a suitable starting material. This root structure can then be finely chopped to be added to the sludge.
    Preferably, the soil improver is formed into bodies, the mycorrhizae being added to the sludge before or after the soil improver is formed into bodies.
    Furthermore, preferably groats can be added to the soil conditioner. The moisture content of the soil improver is preferably between 20 and 30%.
    Brief description of the drawings
    The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments of the soil improver and the method according to the invention shown in the drawings. Hereby shows:
    Figure 1 shows a first granular basic embodiment of the soil improver according to the invention;
    Figure 2 shows a first tablet-shaped basic embodiment of the soil improver according to the invention;
    Figure 3 shows a second granular embodiment of the soil improver according to the invention provided with a seed grain;
    Figure 4 shows a second tablet-shaped embodiment of the soil improver according to the invention provided with a seed grain;
    Figure 5 shows a third granular embodiment of the soil improver according to the invention provided with groats;
    Figure 6 shows a third tablet-shaped embodiment of the soil improver according to the invention provided with groats; and
    Figure 7 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a method for manufacturing the soil improver and its use.
    Detailed description of the drawings
    Figure 1 shows a first granular embodiment of the soil improver according to the invention. This soil conditioner 1 has a granular body 13 from partially dried sludge 9 with mixed mycorrhyza 11. The sludge has a moisture content between 20 and 30%.
    Figure 2 shows a first tablet-shaped embodiment of the soil improver according to the invention. This soil conditioner 3 has a tablet-shaped body 15 from dried sludge 9 with mixed mycorrhyza 11.
    Figure 3 shows a second granular embodiment of the soil improver. This soil conditioner 5 is provided with a seed grain 17 which is encapsulated in the sludge 9.
    Figure 4 shows a second tablet-shaped embodiment of the soil improver. This soil conditioner 7 is also provided with a seed grain 19 which is encapsulated in the sludge 9.
    Figure 5 shows a third granular embodiment of the soil improver. In this soil conditioner 21 groats 25 are mixed with sludge 9. Optionally, here too, a seed grain can be included in the body 13.
    Figure 6 shows a third tablet-shaped embodiment of the soil improver. In this soil conditioner 23 groats 25 are also mixed with the sludge 9. The soil conditioner has a moisture content between 20 and 30%. Optionally, here too, a seed grain can be included in the body.
    Figure 7 schematically shows an embodiment of a method for manufacturing the soil conditioner and its use. Due to erosion 31, the fertile upper layer 33 is washed away from the earth to a river 35. Where the flow is lower or the water almost comes to a stop, the slip 9 accumulates. This sludge is dredged on 37 and brought to a drying device 39.
    At the same time, plants are grown 41, which mainly concerns the root structure and the mycorrhyza grown thereby. This root structure is harvested and brought to a production location 43. Here the root structure with mycorrhyza is finely cut and mixed 45 with the partially dried slip. The mycorrhyza sludge is then formed into bodies and used for fertilizing 47 nutrient-poor soil 49.
    Although in the foregoing the invention has been elucidated with reference to the drawings, it should be noted that the invention is by no means limited to the embodiment shown in the drawings. The invention also extends to all embodiments deviating from the embodiment shown in the drawings within the scope defined by the claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    A soil conditioner comprising sludge, characterized in that the soil conditioner further comprises mycorrhiza (11) present in the sludge (9).
    [2]
    Soil improver according to claim 1, characterized in that the sludge (9) is present in a partially dried state, wherein the moisture content of the soil improver is between 10 and 40%.
    [3]
    A soil improver according to claim 2, characterized in that the soil improver is present in the form of a solid body (13, 15).
    [4]
    Soil improver according to claim 3, characterized in that the body (13) is granular.
    [5]
    5. Soil improver according to claim 3, characterized in that the body (15) is tablet-shaped.
    [6]
    Soil improver according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the soil improver further comprises at least one seed grain (17, 19) located in the sludge (9).
    [7]
    A soil conditioner according to claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that the soil conditioner further comprises at least one seed grain (17, 19) located in the body (13, 15).
    [8]
    A soil conditioner according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the soil conditioner further comprises groats (25).
    [9]
    A soil improver according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the soil improver further comprises a waste product that can be broken down or isolated by the mycorrhizae.
    [10]
    A method for manufacturing a soil conditioner comprising: cultivating and harvesting (41) mycorrhiza, reducing mycorrhiza, dredging (37) sludge (9), drying (39) sludge to a moisture content has between 10 and 40%, and introducing the mycorrhizae (45) into the sludge before or after the sludge has dried.
    [11]
    A method according to claim 10, characterized in that the soil improver is formed into bodies (13, 15), wherein the mycorrhiza (11) is added to the sludge (9) before or after the soil improver is formed into bodies.
    [12]
    Method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that groats (25) are added to the soil improver.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3319927B1|2021-03-31|
    EP3319927A1|2018-05-16|
    NL2014902B1|2016-12-06|
    ES2877672T3|2021-11-17|
    WO2016182442A1|2016-11-17|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    NL7608433A|1975-07-31|1977-02-02|Cirot S P A|Breaking down solid and liquid waste to form a fertilizer - by inoculation with selected fungi and fermentation|
    GB2067218A|1980-01-04|1981-07-22|V Ni I Proektnokonstruktor I O|Microbiological Process for Recultivation of Industrial Refuse Heaps|
    US5071462A|1985-12-27|1991-12-10|Yosiaki Kimura|Method and apparatus for producing organic fertilizer with the use of nitrogen fixing bacillus|
    DE3800814C1|1988-01-14|1988-08-18|Kahl, Lothar, Dr.|
    EP0422265A1|1989-10-10|1991-04-17|Hench, Hans|Process and agent for treating fecal waste and sewage sludge|
    DE4331546A1|1993-09-16|1995-03-23|Walhalla Kalk Entwicklungs Und|Sewage sludges enriched with nutrients, their preparation and their use|
    WO2005051868A1|2003-11-27|2005-06-09|Pakozdi Laszlo|Procedure for composting of communal waste water sludge|
    WO2006074618A1|2005-01-07|2006-07-20|Lubos Hajek|Sludge from sewage treatment plants|
    KR100727123B1|2006-01-10|2007-06-13|주식회사 지앤에스|Method of fertilizing sewage sludge using minenal and blood meal, phyllite,olivine,complex microbial|
    US20140352376A1|2013-05-28|2014-12-04|BiOWiSH Technologies, Inc.|Fertilizer compositions methods of making and using same|
    NZ203860A|1982-04-22|1985-04-30|Nat Res Dev|Seed pellets containing mycorrhizal fungi|
    DE10129385A1|2001-06-20|2003-03-27|Armin Juessen|Flooring|
    MY145060A|2007-04-03|2011-12-15|Malaysian Agri Hi Tech Sdn Bhd|A plant root system improving composition|
    法律状态:
    2019-02-06| MM| Lapsed because of non-payment of the annual fee|Effective date: 20180701 |
    2019-07-03| NE| A request for restoration to the prior state has been filed|Effective date: 20190627 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NL2014804|2015-05-13|EP16744878.6A| EP3319927B1|2015-05-13|2016-05-11|Soil improver comprising silt with mycorrhizae therein, as well as method for the production of the soil improver|
    PCT/NL2016/050336| WO2016182442A1|2015-05-13|2016-05-11|Soil improver comprising silt with mycorrhizae therein, as well as method for the production of the soil improver|
    ES16744878T| ES2877672T3|2015-05-13|2016-05-11|Soil improver comprising silt with mycorrhizae inside, as well as a method for the production of the soil improver|
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