• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:NL2010894A
    申请号:NL2010894
    申请日:2013-05-30
    公开日:2013-12-04
    发明作者:Peter Feuerstack；Erik Weissenborn；Martin Kessler
    申请人:Bosch Gmbh Robert；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Brief indication: Energy storage device, system with an energy storage device and method for making a supply voltage available
    The invention relates to an energy storage device, a system with an energy storage device and method for making a supply voltage available, in particular in direct battery conversion circuits and battery converter circuits for voltage supply of electric machines, for example electric drive systems of electrically driven vehicles.
    State of the art
    It is clear that in the future, more and more electronic systems will find their application in stationary applications such as, for example, wind energy installations or solar energy installations, as well as in vehicles such as hybrid or electric vehicles, which combine new energy storage technologies with electric drive technology.
    For supplying three-phase current to an electrical machine, a DC voltage made available by a DC intermediate circuit is converted into a three-phase alternating voltage via a converter in the form of a pulse inverter. The direct voltage intermediate circuit is supplied by a line from series-connected battery modules. In order to be able to meet the power and energy requirements for a specific application, several battery modules are often connected in series in a traction battery. Such an energy storage system often finds application in electrically powered vehicles, for example.
    The series connection of several battery modules entails the problem that the total line fails if a single battery module fails. Such a failure of the energy supply line can lead to a failure of the total system. Furthermore, temporarily or permanently occurring power reductions of a single battery module can lead to power reductions in the total energy supply line.
    The publication US 5,422,558 A discloses a modular management system for battery cells, in which a plurality of battery cells can be selectively connected in parallel for the energy supply of a load.
    The publication US 2010/0213897 A1 discloses a management system for modularly switched battery cells, which selectively couples individual battery cells via synchronous inverters in parallel with a direct-current intermediate circuit.
    In the publication US 5,642,275 A1 a battery system with integrated converting function is described. Systems of this kind are known as Multilevel Cascaded Inverter or also Battery Direct Inverter (direct battery inverters, BDI). Such systems comprise direct current sources in a plurality of energy storage module lines that can be connected directly to an electrical machine or an electrical network. Single-phase or multi-phase supply voltages can thereby be generated. The energy storage module conductors here exhibit a plurality of energy storage modules connected in series, each energy storage module comprising at least one battery cell and an assigned controllable coupling unit, which allows it to be interrupted in dependence on the control signals or to bridge the respective at least one battery cell allocated or to switch the relevant assigned at least one battery cell into the relevant energy storage module line. By suitable control of the coupling units, for example by means of pulse width modulation, suitable phase signals can also be provided for controlling the phase output voltage, so that a separate pulse inverter can be dispensed with.
    The pulse inverter required for controlling the phase output voltage is therefore integrated in the battery.
    As alternatives, the publications DE 10 2010 027 857 A1 and DE 10 2010 027 861 A1 disclose modularly switched battery cells in energy storage devices, which can be selectively connected or disconnected in the line of serially connected battery cells via suitable control of coupling units. Systems of this kind are known as Battery Direct Converter (direct battery converters, BDC). Such systems comprise direct current sources in an energy storage module line which can be connected to a direct voltage intermediate circuit for the electrical energy supply of an electrical machine or an electrical network via a pulse inverter.
    BDCs and BDIs show a higher efficiency and a higher failure reliability in the usual way compared to conventional systems. Failure safety is, among other things, guaranteed that defective, failed or battery cells can be switched out of the power supply lines without adequate power through suitable bridging control of the coupling units.
    The energy storage module conductors herein exhibit a plurality of energy storage modules connected in series, each energy storage module comprising at least one battery cell and an assigned controllable coupling unit, which, depending on the control signals, allows the in each case assigned at least one battery cell to be bridged or the in each case assigned at least one battery cell one battery cell in the relevant energy storage module line. Optionally, the coupling unit can be connected in such a way that it additionally allows the at least one battery cell, each assigned, to also be switched with inverse polarity in the relevant energy storage module line or also to interrupt the relevant energy storage module line.
    The total output voltage of BDCs and BDIs is determined by the driving state of the coupling units and can be adjusted stepwise, the stepwise classification of the total output voltage being dependent on the individual voltages of the energy storage modules. In contrast, the output currents are limited by the number and type of the battery cells in the energy storage module lines. For applications with increased power requirements, it is desirable to improve the power of BDCs and BDIs. There is consequently a need for energy storage devices that exhibit improved maximum possible output power, impose low requirements on the configuration of the other system components and offer improved system availability.
    Revelation of the invention
    The present invention provides, according to an embodiment, an energy storage device for generating a supply voltage for an electric machine, with a first energy supply line which is coupled via a first storage inductance to a first output terminal of the energy storage device; and a second energy supply line which is coupled to the first output connection of the energy storage device via a second storage inductance and which is connected in parallel to the first energy supply line. Each of the energy supply lines herein comprises one or more energy storage modules, which are each provided with an energy storage cell module with at least one energy storage cell and a coupling device with a plurality of coupling elements, which is adapted to selectively switch or bridge the energy storage cell module in the relevant energy supply line. The first and second energy supply lines are arranged to provide a supply voltage on the first output connection of the energy storage device.
    According to a further embodiment, the present invention provides a system with an energy storage device according to the invention and a control device, which is coupled to the energy storage device, and which is adapted to connect the coupling devices of the energy storage modules for adjusting a supply voltage to the first output terminal of the energy storage device. to guide.
    According to a further embodiment, the present invention provides a method for providing a supply voltage in an energy storage device according to the invention with the steps of controlling the coupling devices of a first number of energy storage modules of the first energy supply line for switching the relevant energy storage cell module in the first energy supply line; controlling the coupling devices of a second number of energy storage modules of the second energy supply line for switching the relevant energy storage cell module into the second energy supply line; and providing an output voltage to the first output terminal of the energy storage device by the controlled energy storage cell modules in the first and second energy supply lines.
    Advantages of the invention
    An idea of the present invention is to design an energy storage device with modularly constructed energy supply lines from a series connection of energy storage modules, wherein in each case several of the energy supply lines are connected in parallel to an energy supply line assembly. The energy supply lines of an energy supply line assembly can thereby be connected via coupling inductors to check the compensation currents flowing between the energy supply lines. The energy storage device can herein comprise one or more of these energy supply line assemblies for making available a single or multi-phase total output voltage.
    By parallel connection of the energy supply lines to an energy supply line assembly, the energy content of the energy supply line assembly can advantageously be increased without the total voltages decreasing over the respective energy supply line having to be increased.
    Advantageously, heating in the energy storage cells of the energy storage module can be reduced by the fact that the internal resistors are connected in parallel via the energy supply lines in the energy supply line assembly. This makes the provision of higher output currents possible without associated losses in the energy storage cells. As a result, the energy storage device is advantageous in particular in an application in systems where high currents are required, for example in electric drive systems for electrically driven vehicles, where a higher input current for the electric machine is required for acceleration or acceleration situations or in high-load machines such as for example, propulsion units for ships. It may also be possible to use the energy storage device in stationary systems, for example in power stations, in electrical energy extraction installations, such as, for example, wind power installations, photovoltaic installations or power heat coupling installations, in energy storage installations such as, for example, compressed air storage power stations, battery storage power stations, flywheel storage, pump storage or similar systems. .
    In addition, the parallel connection of the energy storage lines can ensure that sub-lines which, for example due to their aging or defects, can no longer make the required voltage available, can be switched off temporarily or permanently, without adversely affecting the essential operating capacity of the total system. . Furthermore, by optimizing the loading and unloading of individual lines, an optimized aging strategy can be implemented over the energy supply lines. Making parallel also facilitates the exchange of cells, modules or sub-lines to be replaced, which is also possible in active operation of the total energy supply unit due to the possibility of switching off the affected sub-line. This independence of the partial lines also enables mixed operation, whereby certain lines simultaneously supply energy to the consumer and others are recharged via a loading unit.
    Due to the parallel connection of the energy supply lines, compensation currents flowing between the parallel connected energy supply lines can be controlled and used for charge compensation. The individual energy supply lines can also be controlled via control of the individual contributions to the total output power. The recovery capacity can be distributed over the individual energy supply lines in the generator operation of the machine.
    In a system with a direct-current intermediate circuit, due to the storage inductances assigned to the parallel-connected power supply lines, an additional storage choke for the direct-current intermediate circuit leading to the sum current of the parallel-connected power supply lines can be dispensed with. This also means that a potential variation tendency in the interplay of such a choke coil with a capacitor of the direct-voltage intermediate circuit is lost.
    As a result of the fact that the changes in the current in the energy storage cells due to the intermediate storage of the energy in the storage inductances belonging to the line are limited, the alternating current losses in the individual energy storage modules of the parallel-connected energy supply lines are also limited. As a result, on the one hand, an increased lifespan of the energy storage cells and, on the other hand, an improved electromagnetic portability.
    Finally, the modular structure of the energy storage modules allows a fine stepped layout of the total output current, for example by the phase-shifted control of the relevant coupling units for the individual energy storage cells. As a result, the load due to current variations on the capacitor of the intermediate circuit advantageously decreases, which in turn results in reduced voltage variations. This allows the use of capacitors of intermediate circuits with a low voltage resistance.
    With a modular energy storage device according to the invention, the voltage of the direct voltage intermediate circuit can be stabilized or variably adjusted to the operating point of the system. The stabilization allows for a more effective and favorable configuration of all components of the total system. The electrical machine, the inverter and possible additional components such as, for example, a DC voltage inverter from the vehicle electrical system can be configured with a higher efficiency. The electrical machine therefore requires less construction space and the inverter has a smaller loss capacity. The battery cells can be selected more flexibly, since the capacity and the nominal voltage of the cells can be better matched.
    An intermediate circuit voltage adjusted variably at the operating point of a system using the energy storage device according to the invention makes it possible to reduce losses in the inverter when only a small voltage is required at the operating point. As a result, favorable components with low power and / or cooling requirements can be used.
    According to an embodiment of the energy storage device according to the invention, the energy storage device can further comprise a switching device, which connects the first and second storage inductors switchably to the first output connection of the energy storage device. As a result, a phase-shifted control of the energy supply lines can be realized, which can advantageously minimize the current variations on a connected DC voltage intermediate circuit and thus those resulting voltage variations.
    According to a further embodiment of the inventive energy storage device, the switching device may be provided with a first connection switch which is coupled between the first storage inductance and the first output connection; a first backflow switch, which couples a node between the first connection switch and the first storage inductance with a second output terminal of the energy storage device; a second connection switch which is coupled between the second storage inductance and the first output connection; and a second backflow switch, which couples a node between the second connection switch and the second storage inductance with a second output terminal of the energy storage device. The storage inductors, together with the relevant return flow switches and connection switches, can in each case realize a high setting of the actuator function for the output voltage of the relevant energy supply line. This offers the advantage that the energy supply lines can be operated as variable current sources, which can provide a higher voltage than the nominal sum of the individual voltages of their energy storage modules.
    According to a further embodiment of the inventive energy storage device, the energy storage device may further comprise a plurality of first and second energy supply lines connected in parallel, which are each coupled via first and second storage inductances to a plurality of first output connections, the first and second energy supply lines being arranged in each case for a phase voltage at the relevant one of the plurality of the first output terminals of the energy storage device. As a result, a functionality for direct battery conversion can be implemented advantageously for the direct power supply of multi-phase electrical machines.
    According to an embodiment of a system according to the invention, the system may further comprise an inverter which is coupled to the voltage intermediate circuit and an electric machine which is coupled to the inverter. The inverter can be arranged to convert the voltage of the intermediate voltage intermediate circuit into an input voltage for the electrical machine.
    Further features and advantages of embodiments of the invention will appear from the description given below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
    Brief description of the drawings
    Shown is:
    FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a system with an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
    FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of an energy storage module of an energy storage device according to a further embodiment of the present invention;
    FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a further exemplary embodiment of an energy storage module of an energy storage device according to a further embodiment of the present invention;
    FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a system with an energy storage device according to a further embodiment of the present invention;
    FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a system with an energy storage device according to a further embodiment of the present invention; and
    FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a method for making a supply voltage available with an energy storage device according to a further embodiment of the present invention.
    FIG. 1 shows a system 100 comprising an energy storage device 1 for providing a supply voltage through parallel switchable energy supply lines 10a, 10b between two output terminals of the energy storage device 1. The energy supply lines 10a, 10b each have line connections 1a, 1b. The energy storage device 1 comprises at least two parallel-connected energy supply lines 10a, 10b. For example, the number of energy supply lines is 10a, 10b in FIG. 1 two, but any other larger number of energy supply lines 10a, 10b is also possible. Since the energy supply lines 10a, 10b can be connected in parallel via the line connections 1a, 1b of the energy supply lines 10a, 10b, the energy supply lines 10a, 10b function as current sources with variable output current. The output currents of the energy supply lines 10a, 10b thereby sum up at the output connection of the energy storage device 1 into a total output current.
    The energy supply lines 10a, 10b are in each case coupled to the output connection of the energy storage device 1 via storage inductances 2a, 2b. The storage inductors 2a, 2b can, for example, be concentrated or distributed components. Alternatively, parasitic inductances of the energy supply lines 10a, 10b can also be used as storage inductances 2a, 2b. By corresponding control of the energy supply lines 10a, 10b, the current in the direct-current intermediate circuit 9 can be controlled. If the average voltage of the storage inductors 2a, 2b is higher than the instantaneous voltage of the intermediate circuit, then a current follows in the DC intermediate circuit 9, the average voltage for the storage inductors 2a, 2b is lower than the instantaneous voltage of the intermediate circuit, then follows a current in the energy supply lines 10a resp. 10b. The maximum current is thereby limited by the storage inductors 2a, 2b in conjunction with the direct-voltage intermediate circuit 9.
    In this way, each energy supply line 10a and 10b, respectively, operate via the storage inductors 2a, 2b as a variable current source, which is suitable both for a parallel circuit and also for the realization of current intermediate circuits.
    Each of the energy supply lines 10a, 10b has at least two series-connected energy storage modules 3. For example, the number of energy storage modules 3 per energy supply line in FIG. 1 two, but any other number of energy storage modules 3 is also possible. Preferably, each of the energy supply lines 10a, 10b comprises the same number of energy storage modules 3, but it is also possible to provide a different number of energy storage modules 3 for each of the energy supply lines 10a, 10b. The energy storage modules 3 each comprise two output terminals 3a and 3b, via which an output voltage of the energy storage module 3 can be made available.
    Examples of construction forms of the energy storage modules 3 are shown in FIG. 2 and 3 in greater detail. The energy storage modules 3 each comprise a coupling device 7 with a plurality of coupling elements 7a and 7c as well as optionally 7b and 7d. The energy storage modules 3 furthermore each comprise an energy storage cell module 5 with one or more rowed energy storage cells 5a, 5k.
    The energy storage module 3 may in this case contain, for example, batteries 5a to 5k connected in a row, for example Lithium-Ion batteries or accumulators. The number of energy storage cells is 5a to 5k in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, for example two, in which however any other number of energy storage cells 5a to 5k is also possible.
    The energy storage cell modules 5 are connected via connecting lines to input terminals of the associated coupling device 7. The coupling device 7 is shown in FIG. 2 is shown as an example as a complete bridge circuit with two coupling elements 7a, 7c and two coupling elements 7b, 7d. The coupling elements 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d can in each case comprise an active switching element, for example a semiconductor switch, and a freewheel diode connected in parallel thereto. The semiconductor switches may include, for example, field effect transistors (FETs). In this case, the freewheel diodes can also be integrated in the semiconductor switch.
    The coupling elements 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d in FIG. 2 can be controlled in such a way, for example with the aid of the control device 11 in FIG. 1 that the energy storage cell module 5 is selectively switched between the output terminals 3a and 3b or that the energy storage cell module 5 is bridged. Therefore, by appropriately controlling the coupling devices 7, individual energy storage cell modules 5 of the energy storage module 3 can be integrated in the row circuit of an energy supply line 10a, 10b.
    With reference to FIG. 2, the energy storage cell module 5 can be switched, for example, in the forward direction between the output terminals 3a and 3b by placing the active switching element of the coupling element 7d and the active switching element of the coupling element 7a in a closed state, while the other two active switching elements of the coupling elements 7b and 7c can be placed in an open state. In this case the voltage Um is present between the output terminals 3a and 3b of the coupling device 7. A bridging state can, for example, be set so that the two active switching elements of the coupling elements 7a and 7b are placed in the closed state, while the two active switching elements of the coupling elements 7c and 7d are kept in the open state. A second bridging state can be set, for example, by placing the two active switches of the coupling elements 7c and 7d in the closed position, while keeping the active switching elements of the coupling elements 7a and 7b in the open state. In both bridging states, the voltage 0 is present between the two output terminals 3a and 3b of the coupling device 7. The energy storage cell module 5 can also be switched backwards between the output terminals 3a and 3b of the coupling device 7, because the active switching elements of the coupling elements 7b and 7c are placed in the closed state, while the active switching elements of the coupling elements 7a and 7d are open. being placed. In this case the voltage-µm is present between the two output terminals 3a and 3b of the coupling device 7.
    The total output voltage of an energy supply line 10a, 10b can in each case be set in stages, the number of the stages being in scale with the number of energy storage modules 3. With a number of n first and second energy storage modules 3, the total output voltage of the energy supply line 10a , 10b in 2n + 1 steps between -n-Um, ..., 0, ..., + n-Um. be set.
    FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of an energy storage module 3. The embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the energy storage module 3 differs from the one shown in FIG. The energy storage module 3 shown in Fig. 2 only has the result that the coupling device 9 has two coupling elements instead of four, which are connected in half bridge circuit instead of full bridge circuit.
    In the embodiments shown, the active switching elements can be in the form of a power semiconductor switch, for example in the form of IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors), JFETs (Junction Field-Effect Transistors) or as MOSFETs (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors).
    With the coupling elements 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, the output voltage of each of the energy supply lines 10a, 10b can be varied via suitable control in stages from a negative maximum value to a positive maximum value. The stepwise decrease in the voltage level follows in dependence on the stepped layout of the individual energy storage cell module 5. In order to obtain, for example, an average voltage value between two voltage stages provided by the stepped layout of the energy storage cell module 5, the coupling elements 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d of an energy storage module 3 can be controlled in phase, for example in a pulse width modulation (PWM), so that the relevant energy storage module 3 supplies a module voltage in time average, which can have a value between zero and the maximum possible module voltage determined by the energy storage cells 5a to 5k. The control of the coupling elements 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d can herein, for example, be a control device, such as the control device 11 in FIG. 1, which is adapted to carry out, for example, a current control with a voltage control layered beneath it, so that stepwise switching on or off of individual energy storage modules 3 can take place.
    In addition to the energy storage device 1 with the energy supply lines 10a, 10b, the system 100 further comprises a direct voltage intermediate circuit 9, an inverter 4 and an electrical machine 4. For example, the system 100 in FIG. 1 as a power supply for a three-phase electric machine 6. However, it may also be provided that the energy storage device 1 is used for generating electric current for an energy supply network. Alternatively, the electrical machine 6 can also be a synchronous or asynchronous machine, a reluctance machine or a brushless DC motor (BLDC, "brushless DC motor"). It may also be possible to use the energy storage device 1 in stationary systems, for example in power stations, in electrical energy extraction installations, such as for example wind power installations, photovoltaic installations or power heat coupling installations, in energy storage installations such as for example compressed air storage power stations, battery storage power stations, flywheel storage facilities , pump stores or similar systems.
    The direct voltage intermediate circuit 9 in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1 shows a pulse inverter 4 which provides a three-phase alternating voltage for the electrical machine from the direct voltage of the voltage intermediate circuit 9. However, any other inverter type can also be used for the inverter 4, depending on the necessary power supply for the electrical machine 6, for example a direct current inverter. For example, the inverter 4 can be operated in space vector modulated pulse width modulation (SVPWM, "Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation").
    The system 100 may further comprise a control device 11 which is connected to the energy storage device 1 and with the aid of which the energy storage device 1 can be controlled to make the desired total output voltage of the energy storage device 1 available to the relevant output terminals for the intermediate voltage circuit 9 coupled between the output terminals to stehen. Moreover, the control device 11 can be adapted to control the respective coupling elements or active switching elements of the energy storage module 3 of the energy supply lines 10a, 10b when the energy storage device 5 of the energy storage device is being charged.
    The energy storage device 1 can for instance also comprise a switching device 8, which is coupled between the storage inductors 2a and 2b and the first output connection of the energy storage device 1. The switching device 8 can be adapted to switchably connect the first and second storage inductors 2a, 2b to the first output connection of the energy storage device 1.
    As a result, the energy storage device 1 can be operated, for example, in a control mode without gaps (CCM, "continuous current mode"), so that the output current of an energy supply line 10a, 10b is in each case a high-frequency portion of superimposed portion. The amplitude of the high-frequency portion thereby determines the current variations of each individual energy supply line 10a, 10b. The voltage applied to the direct-voltage intermediate circuit 9 can be adjusted by a phase-shifted control mode of each of the energy supply lines 10a, 10b. By a suitable choice of the phase shift in the control of the individual energy supply lines 10a, 10b, the high-frequency current variations of the total output current can be brought partially to destructive interference and thereby minimized. This lowers the requirements for the configuration of the capacitor for the direct voltage intermediate circuit 9.
    The maximum energy that can be stored can be achieved in the energy storage device 1 by the parallel connection of the energy supply lines 10a, 10b without resulting in the total output voltage of the energy storage device 1 having corresponding consequences for the configuration of the subsequent components such as, for example, the capacitor of the direct voltage intermediate circuit 9, the inverter 4 or the electrical machine 6 increases.
    FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a system 100 with an energy storage device 1 in greater detail. The switch device 8 herein comprises a supply switch 18a which is coupled between the storage inductors 2a and 2b and the first output connection and a backflow switch 18b which is coupled in parallel to the energy supply line 10a and 10b a node between the supply switch 18a and the second output connection of the energy storage device 1 .
    The power supply switch 18a and the return flow switch 18b may in each case comprise a power transistor switch 16a and 16b, respectively, and a freewheel diode 17a and 16b connected in parallel to the power transistor switch. The power switch 18a and the backflow switch 18b may include, for example, field effect transistors (FETs), insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), or other suitable transistor types.
    Through the coupling with the power supply switch 18a and the backflow switch 18b, the storage inductors 2a, 2b can thereby be used as storage elements for a synchronous inverter, that is, the power supply switch 18a and the return flow switch 18b cooperate with the storage inductors 2a, 2b in each case as synchronous inverter 3 .
    FIG. 5 shows a system 200 for the voltage conversion of DC voltage provided by the energy storage module 3 into an n-phase alternating voltage. The system 200 comprises an energy storage device 1 with energy storage modules 3, which are connected in series in energy supply branches 11a, 11b, 11c with energy supply lines 10a, 10b connected in parallel. For example, in FIG. 5 shows three energy supply branches 11a, 11b, 11c, which are suitable for generating a three-phase alternating voltage, for example for a three-phase machine. However, it is clear that any other number of energy food branches may also be possible. The energy storage device 1 has at each energy supply branch an output connection 12a, 12b, 12c which are each connected to phase conductors 6a, 6b and 6c, respectively, which connect the energy storage device 1 to an electric machine 6. For example, the system 200 in FIG. 5 for supplying an electric machine 6. However, it can also be provided that the energy storage device 1 is used for generating electric current for an energy supply network.
    The energy supply branches 11a, 11b, 11c can be connected at their end to a reference potential. With respect to the phase conductors 6a, 6b, 6c of the electrical machine 6, this can carry an average potential and be connected, for example, to a ground potential. Each of the energy supply branches 11a, 11b, 11c comprises at least two parallel connected energy supply lines 10a, 10b. For example, the number of the energy supply lines is 10a, 10b per energy supply branch in FIG. 5 two, but any other number of energy supply lines 10a, 10b is also possible. Preferably, each of the energy supply branches 11a, 11b, 11c comprises an equal number of energy supply lines 10a, 10b, but it is also possible to provide a different number of energy supply lines 10a, 10b for each energy supply branch 11a, 11b, 11c.
    FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary method 30 for operating an energy storage device, in particular an energy storage device 1, such as in connection with FIG.
    1 to 5 has been clarified. With the method 30, in a variant, a direct voltage intermediate circuit 9 can be supplied with a supply voltage which can serve for the supply of an inverter 4 for an electric machine 6. Alternatively, the method 30 may serve for this purpose to provide a multi-phase supply voltage, which can in each case be fed directly into phase connections of a multi-phase electric machine 6.
    In a first step 31, the coupling devices 7 of a first number of energy storage modules 3 of the first energy supply line 10a for switching the relevant energy storage cell module 5 into the first energy supply line 10a take place. Parallel to this, in a second step, a second number of energy storage modules 3 of the second energy supply line 10b can be switched for switching the relevant energy storage cell module 5 into the first energy supply line 10b. The choice of the first and second number of energy storage modules 3 can be made, for example, in dependence on the power requirement of the electrical machine 6 or on the current intermediate circuit voltage of the intermediate voltage circuit 9. Furthermore, the load of the individual energy supply lines 10a, 10b can be adjusted via the test dimension of the coupling devices 7 of the energy storage module 3.
    Therefore, in a third step 33, an output voltage can be provided at the first output terminal of the energy storage device 1 by the controlled energy storage cell module 5 in the first and second energy supply lines 10a, 10b. The output current which is supplied at the first output connection of the energy storage device 1 is thereby predetermined by the sum of the output currents of the individual energy supply lines 10a, 10b. These output currents can be limited by the first and second storage inductors 2a, 2b and their electrical properties respectively.
    By this method 30, a configuration of an electric machine 6 fed with the energy storage device 1 can take place on the intermediate circuit voltage of a direct-voltage intermediate circuit controlled by the control of the energy supply lines 10a, 10b. Further optional components, such as, for example, a direct-voltage inverter for supplying a low-voltage network, for example a 14-volt on-board network, can also be conveniently configured, since the large voltage distribution with the regulated intermediate circuit voltage is lost.
    A further advantage of the method 30 is the possibility of adapting the supply voltage of the energy storage device 1 to the speed of the electric machine 6. With permanently activated machines, the pole-wheel voltage of the machine is proportional to the speed. Consequently, only a low phase voltage is required at low speeds. The phase current is mainly determined by the moment to be displayed. Due to the permeable supply voltage of the energy storage device 1, the supply voltage of the inverter can be adjusted to the gate voltage of the electrical machine 6. Particularly at low speeds and high torque, the losses in the energy storage device 1 can be considerably reduced, since a parallel connection of the energy supply lines allows a low output voltage with a simultaneously high output current.
    The systems 100 and 200 shown above are also suitable for a feed-back mode, for example for charging or recharging the energy storage cells 5. The storage inductance 2a or 2b, respectively, which is coupled to the energy supply line 10a and 10b, respectively, is used as a current equalizing choke coil which maintains a constant choke. charging current in the energy storage module. In a feed-back mode of the system 100 in FIG. 3, for example, the synchronous inverter formed by the storage inductors 2a and 2b, the connection switches 18a and the backflow switch 18b of the respective energy supply lines 10a, 10b can be operated in the rearward direction as a low-setting actuator. The current is determined via the key size of the connection switch 18a and the storage inductance 2a and 2b respectively serves to equalize the current.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    An energy storage device (1) for generating a supply voltage for an electric machine (6), comprising: a first energy supply line (10a) which is coupled via a first storage inductance (2a) to a first output connection of the energy storage device (1); and a second energy supply line (10b) which is coupled via a second storage inductance (2b) to the first output connection of the energy storage device (1); and which is connected in parallel with the first energy supply line (10a), wherein each of the energy supply lines (10a; 10b) comprises: one or more energy storage modules (3), each of which is provided with an energy storage cell module (5) with at least one energy storage cell (5a, 5k) and a coupling device (7) with a plurality of coupling elements (7a, 7b, 7c, 7d), which is adapted to selectively switch or bridge the energy storage cell module (5) in the relevant energy supply line (10a; 10b); and wherein the first and second energy supply lines (10a; 10b) are arranged to provide a supply voltage at the first output terminal of the energy storage device (1).
    [2]
    The energy storage device (1) according to claim 1, further comprising: a switch device (8) which connects the first and second storage inductors (2a, 2b) switchably to the first output terminal of the energy storage device (1).
    [3]
    An energy storage device (1) according to claim 2, wherein the switch device comprises: a first connection switch (18a) coupled between the first storage inductance (2a) and the first output terminal; a first backflow switch (18b) which couples a node between the first connection switch (18a) and the first storage inductance (2a) with a second output terminal of the energy storage device (1); a second connection switch (18b) coupled between the second storage inductance (2b) and the first output terminal; and a second backflow switch (18b) coupling a node between the second connection switch (18a) and the second storage inductance (2b) with a second output terminal of the energy storage device (1); wherein the storage inductors (2a, 2b) together with the respective return flow switches (18b) and connection switches (18a) each realize a high adjustment of the actuator function for the output voltage of the respective energy supply line (10a; 10b).
    [4]
    The energy storage device (1) according to claim 1, further comprising: a plurality of first and second energy supply lines (10a; 10b) connected in parallel, each of which via first and second storage inductances (2a, 2b) with a plurality of first output terminals (12a, 12b, 12c) are coupled, wherein the first and second energy supply lines (10a; 10b) are each adapted to provide a phase voltage on the relevant one of the plurality of the first output connections (12a, 12b, 12c) of the energy storage device (1) .
    [5]
    A system (100; 200), comprising: an energy storage device (1) of any of claims 1 to 4; and a control device (11) coupled to the energy storage device (1) and adapted to connect the coupling devices (7) of the energy storage modules (3) for adjusting a supply voltage to the first output terminal of the energy storage device (1) send.
    [6]
    The system (100) according to claim 5, further comprising: a direct voltage intermediate circuit (9) coupled to the first output terminal of the energy storage device (1).
    [7]
    The system (100) of claim 6, further comprising: an inverter (4) coupled to the DC intermediate circuit (9); and an electrical machine (6) coupled to the inverter (4), the inverter (4) being adapted to convert the voltage of the DC intermediate circuit (9) into an input voltage for the electrical machine (6).
    [8]
    A system (200) according to claim 5, wherein the energy storage device (1) according to claim 4 is designed, further comprising: an electric machine (6) with n-phases, wherein n> 1, whose phase connections (6a, 6b, 6c) ) are each coupled to one of the plurality of first output terminals (12a, 12b, 12c), the energy storage device (1) being adapted to provide an n-phase supply voltage for the electrical machine (6).
    [9]
    Method (3) for providing a supply voltage in an energy storage device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of: controlling (31) the coupling devices (7) of a first number of energy storage modules (3) of the first energy supply line (10a) for switching the relevant energy storage cell module (5) into the first energy supply line (10a); controlling (32) the coupling devices (7) of a second number of energy storage modules (3) of the second energy supply line (10b) for switching the relevant energy storage cell module (5) into the second energy supply line (10b); and providing (33) an output voltage on the first output terminal of the energy storage device by the controlled energy storage cell modules (5) in the first and second energy supply lines (10a, 10b).
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    法律状态:
    2022-01-05| MM| Lapsed because of non-payment of the annual fee|Effective date: 20210601 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102012209179|2012-05-31|
    DE201210209179|DE102012209179A1|2012-05-31|2012-05-31|Energy storage device i.e. lithium-ion battery for producing power supply voltage for electric machine that is utilized e.g. electric car, has switch switching cell modules in power supply lines to provide supply voltage to output terminal|
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