Light Diffusion Film, Surface Illuminant Device and Liquid Crystal Display Device

专利摘要:
The transmissive display device 21 of the present invention comprises a liquid crystal display unit 22 and a surface light source unit 23, the surface light source unit having a tubular light source 24 and a light guide member 25 having a wedge-shaped reflecting groove formed therein. And a light-diffusion film 27 having anisotropy and / or ultraviolet absorbance. In the light diffusing film, the scattering property F (θ) showing the relationship between the scattering angle θ and the scattered light intensity F is Fx (θ) and the scattering property in the Y-axis direction is Fy (θ). When satisfy | filling, Fy ((theta)) / Fx ((theta))> 1.01 is satisfy | filled in the range of scattering angle (theta) = 4-30 degrees. The light-diffusion film is comprised from the light-diffusion layer which consists of some resin from which refractive indices differ, and the transparent layer laminated | stacked on at least one surface of this light-diffusion layer. At least the transparent layer may contain an ultraviolet absorber. Use of such a light diffusing film can simplify the structure of a surface light source device and a liquid crystal display device, and can uniformize the luminance at the display surface when the light diffusing film has anisotropy. Moreover, the light-diffusion film which has ultraviolet absorption can absorb an ultraviolet-ray from the light source (fluorescent tube) of a surface light source device (backlight), and can prevent deterioration of a prism sheet and a liquid crystal display cell.
公开号:KR20030029647A
申请号:KR10-2003-7001441
申请日:2002-05-30
公开日:2003-04-14
发明作者:마사노리 히라이시；마사나리 오니시；도모히로 사사가와；나오꼬 이와사끼；아끼마사 유우끼；오사무 무라까미
申请人:다이셀 가가꾸 고교 가부시끼가이샤；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Light diffusion film, surface light source device and liquid crystal display device using the same {Light Diffusion Film, Surface Illuminant Device and Liquid Crystal Display Device}
[2] In a backlight display device (liquid crystal display device or the like) for illuminating a display panel (liquid crystal display module or the like) from the back side, a surface light source unit (or backlight unit) is disposed on the back of the display panel. In addition, in order to uniformize the irradiation light to the display panel as a surface light source and to increase the front luminance of the liquid crystal display device, a diffusion sheet, a prism sheet, a luminance enhancement sheet (other than a reflective polarizer), and the like are used. Moreover, in a liquid crystal display device, a polarizing plate, a retardation plate, etc. are used as a structural member of a liquid crystal cell. Liquid crystal substances, color filters, and the like are also used.
[3] More specifically, for example, a planar display device (planar display device) in which the image display area is flat (flat), as shown in FIG. 6, a planar display unit (transmissive liquid crystal display unit, etc.) 45 and this unit A device having a surface light source unit for illuminating the light from behind is known. The surface light source unit includes one or a plurality of fluorescent discharge tubes (cold cathode tubes) 41, and a reflecting plate 42 for reflecting light is disposed behind the fluorescent discharge tubes 41, and the fluorescent discharge tubes 41 And a diffuser plate 43 for diffusing light to uniformly illuminate the display unit 45, and a prism sheet 44 is laminated on the display unit side of the diffuser plate 43. It is. In the case of the liquid crystal display unit, the planar display unit 45 includes the first polarizing film 46a, the first glass substrate 47a, the first electrode 48a formed on the glass substrate, and the first laminated on the electrode. 1 alignment film 49a, liquid crystal layer 50, 2nd alignment film 49b, 2nd electrode 48b, color filter 51, 2nd glass substrate 47b, and 2nd polarizing film 46b in order It is formed by laminating. In such a display device, the display unit can be directly projected from the rear by a built-in fluorescent tube (cold cathode tube) 41.
[4] Further, in the planar display device shown in Fig. 6, a device using a backlight unit having a light guide plate shown in Fig. 7 in the backlight portion is known. The backlight unit includes a tubular light source 51 such as a fluorescent tube (cold cathode tube), a light guide plate 54 for guiding light from the tubular light source to the display panel, and a light guide plate 54 for guiding light from the tubular light source. And a diffuser plate 53 disposed on the upper side (outward surface or front surface) of 54, and a reflector plate 55 disposed on the opposite side to the display unit of the light guide plate. In addition, the thickness of the light guide plate 54 has a large tubular light source side 51, and the light from the tubular light source 51 is reflected by the reflector plate 55 while being guided by the light guide plate 54 to exit the light guide plate 54. It is emitted from the light surface (front surface), diffused in the diffusion plate 53, and then enters into a planar display unit (not shown) stacked on the diffusion plate. Further, in order to improve the luminance of the display device, when arranging a plurality of tubular light sources with respect to the light guide plate (when fluorescent tubes are used on both sides or two or more sides of the light guide plate, respectively), the light guide plate of approximately the same thickness is generally applied over the entire surface. Can be used.
[5] In addition, a light scattering dot is formed at a lower portion of the light guide plate by regularly arranging the white scattering bodies for scattering light in a broad radial manner.
[6] However, in the surface light source device using a fluorescent discharge tube, a light guide plate, a diffusion plate, a prism sheet (or a protective film of a prism sheet, if necessary) as described above, since the number of parts is large, raw material cost and assembly cost are high, Foreign matter easily enters between parts, and the defect rate is high. It is also conceivable to remove foreign matters, but at a higher assembly cost. Therefore, a low cost surface light source device is required.
[7] In recent years, as a surface light source device having a simple structure at low cost, a surface light source device having a wedge-shaped reflecting groove formed in the lower part of the light guide plate and using the reflected light has been proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-231315, Japanese Patent). Publication 2000-305073, Japanese Patent Publication 2000-348515, Japanese Patent Publication 2000-352719, Japanese Patent Publication 2000-353413, Japanese Patent Publication 2001-4846, Japanese Patent Publication 2001-21881 Publication, Japanese Patent No. 331034, Japanese Patent No. 3120944, etc.).
[8] This surface light source device can emit light near the front of the surface light source unit. However, light cannot be collected at a prism sheet by scattering light at a large scattering angle in scattering dots or diffusion sheets of the light guide plate. Therefore, it was difficult to uniformly in-plane the surface light source unit and it was difficult to form a uniform surface light source.
[9] In order to solve this problem, a diffusion sheet is disposed on the light guide plate having the wedge-shaped reflecting groove. However, when the diffusion sheet is disposed, the luminance decrease is large and at the same time, the specification of TC0 (The Swedish Confederation of Professional employee) which limits the luminance change when the display body is viewed obliquely cannot be satisfied.
[10] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-31774 discloses an average particle diameter of island polymers of 0.5 to 10 µm and a ratio of sea polymer to island polymer in a light scattering sheet of islands structure composed of resins having different refractive indices. A transmission type light scattering sheet having a thickness of 70/30 to 40/60 (weight ratio) and a sheet thickness of 5 to 200 µm is disclosed. This document also discloses that scattered light is directed and diffused within a range of a scattering angle of 5 to 50 degrees.
[11] In addition, in the conventional liquid crystal display device, ultraviolet rays leak from a tubular light source such as a fluorescent tube, and the constituent members of the surface light source unit (for example, the diffusion sheet, the prism sheet, and the brightness enhancement sheet (such as the reflective polarizer) ), A polarizing plate, a retardation plate, a liquid crystal material or a color filter) have been deteriorated by long-term use.
[12] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 11-246704 proposes a method of protecting a liquid crystal cell using a polarizing plate protective film to which an ultraviolet ray inhibitor is added.
[13] In addition, in order to prevent ultraviolet leakage, a method of disposing an ultraviolet absorbent film in close proximity to the fluorescent tube in the backlight unit or adding an ultraviolet absorber to the light guide plate may be considered. However, in the former method, it is necessary to use a film having high heat resistance, and in the latter method, since the ultraviolet absorber slightly absorbs visible light, the color is changed throughout.
[14] In order to prevent ultraviolet leakage, a method of converting a small amount of ultraviolet light into visible light using a phosphor (magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, etc.) as a white scatterer formed under the light guide plate has been proposed. However, even in this method, ultraviolet rays leak from the backlight unit. Therefore, the diffusion sheet, the prism sheet, and the brightness enhancement sheet (other than the reflective polarizing plate) have a yellow color after long exposure to ultraviolet rays. In particular, in a backlight having a wedge-shaped reflecting groove formed under the light guide plate, strong ultraviolet rays leak from the light guide plate because the white scattering body composed of the above-described phosphor is not used.
[15] Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a light diffusing film (or light scattering film), a surface light source device and a liquid crystal display device (particularly a reflective liquid crystal display device) using the film, which can simplify the structure and at the same time increase the brightness. There is.
[16] It is another object of the present invention to provide a light diffusing film capable of increasing luminance and visibility from an oblique direction even when using a light guide plate having a wedge-shaped reflecting groove, a surface light source device and a liquid crystal display device (particularly a reflective liquid crystal display device) using the film. To provide.
[17] Still another object of the present invention is to provide a light diffusing film which can improve display quality by making the luminance of the display uniform, thereby preventing the occurrence of display irregularities or the occurrence of fringes caused by the correlation between the liquid crystal cell and the planar light source. The present invention provides a surface light source device and a liquid crystal display device (particularly a reflective liquid crystal display device).
[18] In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a light diffusion film capable of stably maintaining display quality over a long period of time and effectively protecting component parts from ultraviolet light leaking from a light source, a surface light source device using the film, and a liquid crystal display device ( In particular, a reflective liquid crystal display device) is provided.
[19] Another object of the present invention is to provide a light diffusing film that can effectively protect a component from leaking ultraviolet rays without using a white scattering body composed of phosphors, a surface light source device and a liquid crystal display device (especially a reflective liquid crystal using the film). Display device).
[1] The present invention relates to a light diffusing film useful for diffusing light rays, a surface light source device and a liquid crystal display device using the same.
[30] 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a light diffusion film.
[31] 2 is a conceptual diagram for explaining anisotropic scattering of a light diffusing film.
[32] 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a method for measuring light scattering characteristics.
[33] 4 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing an example of a surface light source device and a transmissive liquid crystal display device.
[34] 5 is a schematic view for explaining another example of the surface light source unit with the light diffusing film.
[35] 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a conventional transmissive liquid crystal display device.
[36] 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a backlight unit of a transmissive liquid crystal display device.
[37] Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
[38] EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION This invention is demonstrated in detail, referring an accompanying drawing below.
[39] The light-diffusion film of this invention consists of at least a light-diffusion layer, This light-diffusion layer can be comprised with the some resin from which refractive index differs from each other, and an ultraviolet absorber as needed. The light diffusing layer is composed of a continuous phase (resin continuous phase, matrix resin), a dispersed phase dispersed in the continuous phase (scattering factors such as particulate and fibrous dispersed phases) and, if necessary, an ultraviolet absorber. The and dispersed phases have different refractive indices from each other and at the same time are usually incompatible or difficult to use with each other. The continuous and disperse phases can usually be formed of a transparent material.
[40] The light diffusing film may have at least a light diffusing layer, and may be composed of a single layer structure of the light diffusing layer, or may be composed of a laminated structure (laminated body) composed of a light diffusing layer and a transparent layer laminated on at least one side of the light diffusing layer. have.
[41] In addition, in the light-diffusion film which has a laminated structure, you may laminate | stack a transparent layer (transparent resin layer) on both surfaces, without being limited to one side of a light scattering layer. The resin constituting the transparent resin layer may be the same or different resin as the continuous phase and / or dispersed phase resin constituting the light diffusion layer, so long as the adhesiveness and mechanical properties are not impaired. Equal or common (or same strain) resins are preferably used. As a transparent layer, not only a resin layer but various transparent base materials (for example, glass) can be used.
[42] In addition, ultraviolet absorbency is not limited to the form which contains a ultraviolet absorber in the various layers which comprise a light-diffusion film, It can also provide it by forming the coating film containing a ultraviolet absorber. In the light-diffusion film of the laminated structure which consists of a light-diffusion layer and a transparent resin layer, in many cases, an ultraviolet absorber is contained in at least one layer (especially a transparent resin layer) of a light-scattering layer and a transparent resin layer, and a ultraviolet absorber is contained in both layers. You can also
[43] The ultraviolet absorbing light diffusing film may isotropically diffuse the transmitted light or may anisotropically diffuse the light. Anisotropic light diffusion can improve the luminance of the display surface with high uniformity even when viewed from a wide angle in the left-right direction or the vertical direction as a surface light source unit or device.
[44] The anisotropic light diffusion sheet can scatter incident light in the direction of light propagation, and is not isotropic but scattered more strongly in a predetermined direction than the scattering angle in the direction orthogonal to the predetermined direction even if the scattering angle in the predetermined direction becomes large. It may be a high strength film.
[45] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a light diffusing film. In this example, the light diffusing film 7 has a laminated structure composed of a light diffusing layer 8 and a transparent layer (transparent resin layer) 9 laminated on at least one side of the light diffusing layer. In order to provide ultraviolet absorbency to a light-diffusion film, at least the transparent layer 9 may contain a ultraviolet absorber. The light diffusion layer 8 is composed of a plurality of resins having different refractive indices, and has a phase separation structure (or island-in-sea structure) in which dispersed phase particles 8b are dispersed in the continuous layer 8a.
[46] In the light-diffusion film of such a laminated structure, the transparent layer 9 can protect the light-diffusion layer to prevent the falling and adhering of dispersed phase particles, and can improve the scratch resistance and manufacturing stability of the film, and at the same time the strength and handling of the film. You can increase the sex. In addition, when at least the transparent layer 9 contains an ultraviolet absorber, the light diffusing layer 8 can also be effectively protected from ultraviolet rays by laminating or arranging the transparent layer 9 on the light emitting surface of the surface light source unit, thereby preventing ultraviolet leakage. It can be prevented reliably and stably.
[47] 2 is a conceptual diagram for explaining anisotropy of light diffusion. As shown in FIG. 2, the anisotropic light-diffusion film 17 is comprised from the continuous phase 17a comprised from resin, and the anisotropic dispersed phase 17b dispersed in this continuous phase. In addition, in the scattering characteristic F (θ) showing the relationship between the scattering angle θ and the scattered light intensity F, the anisotropy of light diffusion is the Y-axis direction orthogonal to the scattering characteristics in the X-axis direction of the film with Fx (θ) and the X-axis direction. When the scattering characteristic of is Fy (θ), the scattering characteristics Fx (θ) and Fy (θ) represent a pattern in which the light intensity is gradually attenuated as the scattering angle θ becomes the wide angle. In addition, the X-axis direction of the anisotropic light-diffusion film 17 is a long axis direction of the dispersed phase 17b normally. That is, Fx (θ) represents the scattered light intensity in the major axis direction of the dispersed phase particles of the film, and Fy (θ) represents the scattered light intensity in the minor axis direction of the dispersed phase particles of the film. Further, in the range of scattering angle θ = 4 to 30 °, the value of Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) is 1.01 or more, for example, 1.01 to 100, preferably 1.01 to 50, and more preferably about 1.01 to 20. It is about 1.1-10 normally. Further, at the scattering angle θ = 18 °, the value of Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) is 1.1 to 20, preferably 1.1 to 15 (for example, 1.1 to 10), and more preferably 1.1 to 8 (For example, 1.1 to 5). By using the anisotropic light diffusing film of the present invention having such optical characteristics, the incident light can be scattered in the direction of light propagation, and the uniformity in luminance on the display surface even when viewed from a wide angle in the left and right directions or as the surface light source unit or device. Can be improved, and the viewing angle can be enlarged. That is, the light-diffusion film makes it possible to equalize the luminance in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction on the display surface of the display unit. If the value of Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) and the value of Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) at the scattering angle θ = 18 ° are too large, the Y-axis direction of the film is determined by the left-right direction ( Display unevenness when viewed in the up-down direction (X-axis direction) of the display body when it is disposed so as to face in the Y-axis direction), and when such a value is too small, it becomes an isotropic light-diffusion film and the brightness when viewed in the left-right direction Large changes in the field of view and the narrow viewing angle make it impossible to meet TCO specifications.
[48] In addition, in the anisotropic light diffusion sheet (including the anisotropic light diffusion sheet having ultraviolet absorbance), the scattered light intensity characteristic is Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) in the range of θ = 4 to 30 ° as described above. Scattered light intensity characteristics satisfying ≧ 1.01, the scattered light intensity characteristics may be Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) ≧ 1.1, in particular Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) ≧ 1.5. Further, the value of Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) is usually 1.1 to 500 (e.g., 10 to 500), preferably 15 to 500, more preferably 50 to 500 (e.g., 100 to 400). ) May be enough. The value of Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) at the scattering angle θ = 18 ° may be the same as above.
[49] Such anisotropic light diffusing film exhibits a strong intensity of scattered light intensity Fy (θ) in the Y-axis direction up to a very wide scattering angle θ, and the intensity is attenuated at a scattering angle θ where the scattered light intensity Fx (θ) in the X-axis direction is small. Has characteristics. The light diffusing film having such optical characteristics can equalize the luminance in the left and right directions or the vertical direction on the display surface of the display unit.
[50] In addition, scattering characteristic F ((theta)) can be measured, for example using the measuring apparatus shown in FIG. This apparatus is provided with a laser beam irradiation apparatus (Nippon Chemical Co., Ltd. ENG NEO-20MS) 18 for irradiating a laser beam to the anisotropic light diffusion sheet 17, and a laser beam transmitted through the anisotropic light diffusion sheet 17. A detector 19 for measuring the intensity is provided. Further, by irradiating the laser light at an angle of 90 ° (vertically) to the light diffusion sheet 17 surface and measuring (plotting) the intensity (diffusion intensity) F of the light diffused by the film with respect to the diffusion angle θ The light scattering properties can be obtained.
[51] In the anisotropic light-diffusion film, when light anisotropy is high, scattering angle dependence in a predetermined direction can be made smaller, and therefore angle dependence of luminance can also be made smaller. In the anisotropic diffusion sheet, when the angle (90 °) perpendicular to the display surface is 0 °, the decrease in luminance can be suppressed even at an angle of 40 ° or more exceeding 20 ° to the display surface.
[52] This characteristic can be expressed by the ratio of the luminance at a predetermined scattering angle θ to the front luminance of the display surface, or the ratio of the luminance at the two scattering angles θ. That is, when using the light-diffusion film or surface light source unit of this invention, the value of the said ratio can be made small. For example, the front luminance N (0 °) at an angle (θ = 0 °) perpendicular to the display surface, the luminance N (18 °) at an angle of 18 °, or the luminance at an angle of 40 ° ( The ratio of N (40 °), the luminance N (18 °) at an angle of 18 ° and the luminance N (40 °) at an angle of 40 ° can be reduced. When the anisotropic light diffusion sheet having these ratios reduced is used in a liquid crystal display device (for example, by arranging the anisotropic light diffusion sheet on the prism sheet of the liquid crystal display device), a commercial monitor that meets the TCO99 standard. Suitable transmissive liquid crystal display devices can be supplied. The ratio [N (18 °) / N (40 °)] of luminance N (18 °) at an angle of 18 ° and luminance N (40 °) at an angle of 40 ° is, for example, 2.0 or less ( About 1.3 to 1.9), preferably about 1.4 to about 1.8, more preferably about about 1.4 to about 1.7, and usually about 1.7 or less (for example, about about 1.35 to about 1.7).
[53] In the light-diffusion film, the dispersed phase particles may be spherical particles having a ratio (average aspect ratio, L / W) of 1 to the average length L of the major axis and the average length W of the minor axis. Moreover, in an anisotropic light-diffusion film, aspect ratio is larger than 1, and the long-axis direction of dispersed phase particle | grains is orientated in the X-axis direction of a film. The average aspect ratio (L / W) is, for example, about 1 to 1000 (for example, 2 to 1000), preferably about 5 to 1000, and more preferably 5 to 500 (for example, 20 to 500). It is about 50-500 (especially 70-300) grade. In addition, the preferable average aspect ratio (L / W) for imparting anisotropy is, for example, about 1.01 to 100, preferably about 1.1 to 50 (for example, about 1.1 to 10), and more preferably about 1.5 to 10 ( For example, about 1.5-5), about 1.5-3 may be sufficient. Such dispersed phase particles may be in a rugby ball shape (rotational oval or the like), a fiber shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, or the like. The larger the aspect ratio, the more anisotropic light scattering can be achieved.
[54] Moreover, the average length L of the long axis of a dispersed phase is about 0.1-200 micrometers (for example, about 1-100 micrometers), Preferably it is about 1-150 micrometers (for example, about 1-80 micrometers) In particular, it is about 2-100 micrometers (for example, about 2-50 micrometers), and is usually about 10-100 micrometers (for example, 30-100 micrometers, especially 10-50 micrometers). In addition, the average length W of the short axis of a dispersed phase is about 0.1-100 micrometers, Preferably it is about 0.5-50 micrometers (for example, 0.5-20 micrometers), and is usually 0.5-10 micrometers (for example, 0.5 to 5 μm).
[55] In addition, in the ultraviolet absorbing light-diffusion film, the average length W of the short axis of the dispersed phase is, for example, about 0.1 to 10 µm, preferably about 0.15 to 5 µm (for example, 0.5 to 5 µm), more preferably. May be about 0.2 to 2 μm (eg, 0.5 to 2 μm). The average length W of the short axis of the dispersed phase may be, for example, about 0.01 to 0.5 µm, preferably about 0.05 to 0.5 µm, and more preferably about 0.1 to 0.4 µm.
[56] The orientation coefficient of the dispersed phase particles is, for example, 0.34 or more (about 0.34 to 1), preferably 0.4 to 1 (for example, 0.5 to 1), more preferably 0.7 to 1 (for example, 0.8 to 1). ), More preferably about 0.9 to 1 may be. As the orientation coefficient of the dispersed phase particles is higher, high anisotropy can be imparted to the scattered light. In addition, an orientation coefficient can be calculated based on the following formula.
[57] Orientation coefficient = (3 <cos ² θ> -1) / 2
[58] Where θ represents the angle between the long axis of the particulate dispersed phase and the X axis of the film (θ = 0 ° when the long axis and the X axis are parallel), and <cos ² θ> is the cos calculated for each dispersed phase particle. An average of ² θ is shown and represented by the following equation.
[59] <cos ² θ> = ∫n (θ) · cos ² θ · dθ
[60] In the formula, n (θ) represents the ratio (medium rate) of the dispersed phase particles having the angle θ in all the dispersed phase particles.
[61] The anisotropic light diffusing film may have directivity of diffused light. That is, having directivity means that there is an angle at which the scattering intensity is maximum in the direction where scattering is strong in anisotropic diffused light. When the diffused light has directivity, in the measuring device of FIG. 3, when the diffused light intensity F is plotted with respect to the diffused angle θ, the drawing curve is in a range of a specific diffused angle θ (angle region except θ = 0 °). Has a maximum or shoulder (in particular, an inflection point such as a maximum).
[62] The resin constituting the light diffusion film (resin constituting the continuous phase and / or the dispersed phase) may be a thermoplastic resin (olefin resin, cyclic olefin resin, halogen-containing resin (including fluorine resin), vinyl alcohol resin, vinyl). Ester resin, vinyl ether resin, (meth) acrylic resin, styrene resin, polyester resin, polyamide resin, polycarbonate resin, thermoplastic polyurethane resin, polysulfone resin (polyether sulfone, Polysulfone, etc.), polyphenylene ether-based resins (such as polymers of 2,6-xylenol), cellulose derivatives (cellulose esters, cellulose carbamates, cellulose ethers, etc.), silicone resins (polydimethylsiloxane, poly Methylphenylsiloxane, etc.), rubber or elastomer (diene rubber such as polybutadiene, polyisoprene, styrene-butadiene copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene ball) And the like copolymer, acrylic rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber, etc.), etc.] and thermosetting resins (epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, diallyl phthalate resin, silicone resin, etc.). Preferred resins are thermoplastic resins.
[63] Examples of the olefin resins include C _2-6 olefins alone or copolymers (ethylene resins such as polyethylene and ethylene-propylene copolymers, polypropylenes such as polypropylene, propylene-ethylene copolymers and propylene-butene copolymers). Resin, poly (methylpentene-1), propylene-methylpentene copolymer, etc.), a copolymer of a C _2-6 olefin and a copolymerizable monomer (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, ethylene- (meth ) Acrylic acid copolymers, ethylene- (meth) acrylic acid copolymers or salts thereof (e.g. ionomer resins), copolymers such as ethylene- (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymers, and the like. Olefins (norbornene, dicyclopentadiene, etc.) alone or copolymers (for example, polymers having alicyclic hydrocarbon groups such as tricyclodecane exhibiting steric stiffness) Etc.), and a copolymer of the cyclic olefin and the copolymerizable monomer (ethylene-norbornene copolymer, propylene-norbornene copolymer, etc.), etc. The alicyclic olefin resin is, for example, a trade name ". ARTON ", a brand name" ZEONEX ", etc. can be obtained.
[64] Examples of the halogen-containing resin include vinyl halide-based resins (homopolymers of halogen-containing monomers such as polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, and polyvinyl fluoride; tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymers). Copolymers of halogen-containing monomers such as tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride- (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer Halogen-containing monomers such as copolymers of halogen-containing monomers and copolymerizable monomers, and vinylidene halide-based resins (polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinylidene fluoride, vinylidene chloride- (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer) Copolymers of vinylidene monomers and other monomers).
[65] The derivatives of vinyl alcohol-based resins include polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers, and the like. As the vinyl ester resin, a vinyl ester monomer alone or a copolymer (polyvinyl acetate, polypropionate, etc.), a copolymer of a vinyl ester monomer and a copolymerizable monomer (vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer, vinyl acetate-vinyl chloride copolymer) And vinyl acetate- (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer) or derivatives thereof. The derivatives of the vinyl ester resin include polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers, polyvinyl acetal resins, and the like.
[66] Examples of the vinyl ether resin include vinyl C _1-10 alkyl ethers alone or copolymers such as vinyl methyl ether, vinyl ethyl ether, vinyl propyl ether and vinyl t-butyl ether, copolymers of vinyl C _1-10 alkyl ethers and copolymerizable monomers. (Vinyl alkyl ether-maleic anhydride copolymer, etc.) is mentioned.
[67] As (meth) acrylic-type resin, the copolymer of a (meth) acrylic-type monomer alone or a copolymer, and a (meth) acrylic-type monomer and a copolymerizable monomer can be used. As a (meth) acrylic-type monomer, For example, (meth) acrylic acid; Methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, t-butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, octyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylate (Meth) acrylic acid C _1-10 alkyl such as ethylhexyl; Aryl (meth) acrylates such as phenyl (meth) acrylate; Hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates such as hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate and hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate; Glycidyl (meth) acrylate; N, N-dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylates; (Meth) acrylonitrile; (Meth) acrylate which has alicyclic hydrocarbon groups, such as a tricyclodecane, etc. can be illustrated. Examples of the copolymerizable monomers include styrene monomers, vinyl ester monomers, maleic anhydride, maleic acid, and fumaric acid. These monomers can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
[68] As (meth) acrylic-type resin, For example, poly (meth) acrylic acid ester, such as polymethyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate (meth) acrylic acid copolymer, methyl methacrylate (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer, meta Methyl acrylate- (meth) acrylic acid copolymer, (meth) acrylic acid ester-styrene copolymer (MS resin etc.) etc. are mentioned. Preferred (meth) acrylic resins include poly (meth) acrylic acid C _1-6 alkyl such as methyl poly (meth) acrylate, especially methyl methacrylate as a main component (50 to 100% by weight, preferably about 70 to 100% by weight). Methyl methacrylate type resin used is mentioned.
[69] Styrene-based resins include styrene-based monomers alone or copolymers (polystyrene, styrene-α-methylstyrene copolymers, styrene-vinyltoluene copolymers, etc.), styrene-based monomers and other polymerizable monomers ((meth) acrylic monomers, maleic anhydrides). And copolymers of maleimide monomers, dienes, and the like. As a styrene-type copolymer, for example, a styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (AS resin), a copolymer of styrene and a (meth) acrylic monomer [styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-methyl methacrylate-(meth Styrene- (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymers, such as an acrylic acid ester copolymer and a styrene methyl methacrylate (meth) acrylic acid copolymer], a styrene maleic anhydride copolymer, etc. are mentioned. Preferred styrene resins include polystyrene, copolymers of styrene and (meth) acrylic monomers [copolymers mainly composed of styrene and methyl methacrylate, such as styrene-methyl methacrylate], AS resins, styrene-butadiene air Coalescing and the like.
[70] Examples of the polyester resin include aromatic polyesters obtained from aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as terephthalic acid (poly C _2-4 alkylene terephthalates such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate and poly C _2-4 alkylene naphthalate). Single polyester such as C _2-4 alkylene arylate units (C _2-4 alkylene terephthalate units and / or C _2-4 alkylene naphthalate units) as the main component (e.g., 50 mol% or more, Copolyester etc. preferably contained as 75-100 mol%, More preferably, 80-100 mol%), liquid crystalline polyester, etc. can be illustrated. As the copolyester, a part of the C _2-4 alkylene glycol in the structural unit of the poly C _2-4 alkylene arylate is selected from polyoxy C _2-4 alkylene glycol, C _6-10 alkylene glycol, and alicyclic diol (cyclo Hexanedimethanol, hydrogenated bisphenol A and the like), diol having an aromatic ring (9,9-bis (4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl) fluorene, bisphenol A, bisphenol A-alkyl having a fluorenone side chain Copolyesters substituted with lenoxide adducts); And copolyesters in which some of the aromatic dicarboxylic acids are substituted with asymmetric aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as phthalic acid and isophthalic acid, aliphatic C _6-12 dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid and the like. The polyester-based resins also include lactone homopolymers or copolymers such as aliphatic polyesters obtained from aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as polyarylate-based resins and adipic acid, and ε-caprolactone. Preferred polyester resins are usually amorphous, such as amorphous copolyesters (eg, C _2-4 alkylene arylate copolyesters, etc.).
[71] As polyamide resin, aliphatic polyamide, such as nylon 46, nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 610, nylon 612, nylon 11, nylon 12, dicarboxylic acid (for example, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, adipic acid, etc.) And polyamides (eg, aromatic polyamides such as xylylenediamine adipate (MXD-6)) obtained from diamines (for example, hexamethylenediamine and methaxylylenediamine). The polyamide-based resin may be a lactam homopolymer or copolymer such as ε-caprolactam, and may be copolyamide without being limited to homopolymerized polyamide.
[72] The polycarbonate resin includes aliphatic polycarbonates such as aromatic polycarbonates based on bisphenols (such as bisphenol A), diethylene glycol bisallylcarbonate, and the like.
[73] Examples of the cellulose esters in the cellulose derivatives include aliphatic organic acid esters of cellulose (cellulose such as cellulose diacetate and cellulose triacetate; cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate and cellulose acetate butyrate). _1-6 organic acid esters), aromatic organic acid esters of cellulose (C _7-12 aromatic carboxylic acid esters such as cellulose phthalate, cellulose benzoate), inorganic acid esters of cellulose (for example, cellulose phosphate, cellulose sulfate, etc.) These can be illustrated, and mixed acid esters, such as an acetic acid and nitric acid cellulose ester, may be sufficient. Cellulose derivatives include cellulose carbamate stream (e.g., cellulose phenyl carbamate and the like), cellulose ethers (for example, cyanoethyl cellulose; hydroxy-C _2-4 alkyl such as hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose Cellulose, C _1-6 alkyl cellulose such as methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose or a salt thereof, benzyl cellulose, acetyl alkyl cellulose and the like).
[74] In addition, the resin component may be modified (for example, rubber modified) as necessary. Moreover, a continuous phase matrix can be comprised with the said resin component, and a dispersed phase component can also be grafted or block copolymerized to this matrix resin. As such a polymer, a rubber block copolymer (styrene-butadiene copolymer (SB resin) etc.), rubber graft styrene resin (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS resin), etc.) etc. can be illustrated, for example. have.
[75] The dispersed phase (light scattering factor) can be formed by addition of inorganic or organic fine particles or fibers to the matrix resin, addition of resins having different refractive indices to the matrix resin, and kneading. Examples of the inorganic or organic fine particles include inorganic particles such as inorganic oxides (silica, alumina, titanium oxide, etc.), carbonates (calcium carbonate, etc.), sulfates (barium sulfate, etc.), natural minerals or silicates (talcum, etc.); And crosslinked resin particles such as crosslinked styrene resins such as crosslinked polystyrene beads, crosslinked acrylic resins such as crosslinked polymethyl methacrylate, and crosslinked guanamine resins. The fibrous dispersed phase includes organic fibers, inorganic fibers and the like. The organic fibers may be heat resistant organic fibers such as aramid fibers, wholly aromatic polyester fibers, polyimide fibers and the like. Examples of the inorganic fibers include fibrous fillers (inorganic fibers such as glass fibers, silica fibers, alumina fibers, zirconia fibers), flaky fillers (mica, etc.), and the like.
[76] Preferred components constituting the continuous or dispersed phase include olefin resins, (meth) acrylic resins, styrene resins, polyester resins, polyamide resins, polycarbonate resins, and the like. In addition, the resin constituting the continuous phase and / or the dispersed phase may be crystalline or amorphous, and the continuous phase and the dispersed phase may be composed of amorphous resin. In a preferred embodiment, the crystalline resin and the amorphous resin can be combined. That is, one phase (for example, continuous phase) of a continuous phase and a dispersed phase can be comprised by crystalline resin, and the other phase (for example, dispersed phase) can be comprised by amorphous resin.
[77] As the crystalline resin, an olefin resin (polypropylene resin having a propylene content of 90 mol% or more, such as polypropylene and a propylene-ethylene copolymer, poly (methylpentene-1), etc.), vinylidene resin (vinylidene chloride resin) Etc.), aromatic polyester resins (polyalkylene arylate homopolymerized polyesters such as polyalkylene terephthalate and polyalkylene naphthalate), copolyesters having a content of an alkylene arylate unit of 80 mol% or more, liquid crystalline aromatics Polyester, etc.), polyamide type resin (aliphatic polyester which has short chain segments, such as nylon 46, nylon 6, nylon 66, etc.), etc. can be illustrated. These crystalline resins can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types. The crystallinity of the crystalline resin (such as crystalline polypropylene resin) is, for example, about 10 to 80%, preferably about 20 to 70%, more preferably about 30 to 60%.
[78] As resin which comprises a continuous phase, resin with high transparency and thermal stability is used normally. Resin which comprises a preferable continuous phase is crystalline resin with high fluidity as melt characteristics. When such resin and resin constituting the dispersed phase are combined, uniform mixing with the dispersed phase is possible. As the resin constituting the continuous phase, a resin having a high melting point or glass transition temperature (particularly, a crystalline resin having a high melting point, for example, a melting point or glass transition temperature of about 130 to 280 ° C, preferably about 140 to 270 ° C, Preferably, a resin having a temperature of about 150 to 260 ° C.) is excellent in thermal stability and film formability, and increases the withdrawal rate in melt film production, or facilitates film formation by melt film production. Therefore, the orientation treatment (or uniaxial stretching treatment) for improving the anisotropic scattering characteristic can be performed at a relatively high temperature (for example, about 130 to 150 ° C), the processing is easy, and the dispersed phase can be easily oriented. Moreover, even if it uses as a component of a display apparatus (liquid crystal display apparatus, etc.), it is stable in a wide temperature range (for example, the range of room temperature to about 80 degreeC). In addition, crystalline resins (such as crystalline polypropylene resins) are generally inexpensive. Preferred crystalline resins include crystalline polypropylene resins which are inexpensive and have high thermal stability.
[79] As the amorphous resin, for example, a vinyl polymer (ionomer ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene- (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl acetate, vinyl alcohol resin Vinyl monomer homopolymers or copolymers), (meth) acrylic resins (methyl polymethacrylate, methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer (MS resin), etc.), styrene resins (polystyrene, AS resins, styrene) Polyalkylene arylates in which a part of the methyl methacrylate copolymer, etc.), polycarbonate-based polymer, and amorphous polyester-based resin (aliphatic polyester, diol component and / or aromatic dicarboxylic acid component are substituted) Copolyesters, polyarylate resins, etc.), polyamide-based resins (aliphatic polyamides with long-chain segments, amorphous aromatic polyamides), heat Plastic elastomers (polyester elastomers, polyolefin elastomers, polyamide elastomers, styrene-based elastomers, etc.) and the like can be exemplified. In the amorphous polyester-based resin, as the polyalkylene arylate copolyester of the diol component (C _2-4 alkylene glycol) and (or) aromatic dicarboxylic acid components (terephthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid) (Poly) oxyalkylene glycols such as diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, and the like, as a part (for example, 10 to 80 mol%, preferably 20 to 80 mol%, more preferably about 30 to 75 mol%), Copolyester obtained from at least 1 sort (s) chosen from cyclohexane dimethanol, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, aliphatic dicarboxylic acid (adipic acid etc.), etc. are contained. These amorphous resins can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
[80] As resin which comprises a dispersed phase, resin which has high transparency, is easily deformed at the orientation processing temperature, such as uniaxial stretching temperature, and has practical thermal stability is used normally. In particular, when a resin having a melting point or glass transition temperature lower than that of the continuous phase is used, the aspect ratio of the dispersed phase particles can be easily increased by an orientation treatment such as uniaxial stretching. In addition, the melting point or glass transition temperature of the resin constituting the dispersed phase is often lower than the resin constituting the continuous phase, for example, about 50 to 180 ° C, preferably about 60 to 170 ° C, more preferably Resin of about 70-150 degreeC may be sufficient.
[81] Among the amorphous resins constituting the dispersed phase, at least one resin selected from amorphous copolyester resins and polystyrene resins is preferable. When the dispersed phase is composed of amorphous copolyester-based resin, not only the transparency is high but also the glass transition temperature is about 80 ° C., for example, so that the dispersed phase can be easily deformed at an orientation treatment temperature such as uniaxial stretching, and even after molding. It can stabilize in the temperature range of (for example, about room temperature to about 80 degreeC). In addition, amorphous copolyesters (e.g., ethylene glycol / cyclohexanedimethanol = 10/90 to 60/40 (mol%), in particular 25/75 to 50/50 (mol%) of diol components are used). Polyethylene terephthalate copolyester which can be obtained by use, or copolyester which can be obtained using 9,9-bis (4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl) fluorene having a fluorenone side chain as a diol component. ) Has a high refractive index (for example, about 1.57), and mixing with the crystalline resin (polypropylene resin or the like) is relatively good.
[82] Since the polystyrene resin has high refractive index and transparency, and the glass transition temperature is high at about 100 to 130 ° C, anisotropic scattering sheet having excellent heat resistance can be produced. In addition, inexpensive polystyrene-based resins can produce preferred anisotropic scattering sheets in a relatively small proportion of crystalline resins (such as polypropylene-based resins) as continuous commercial resins, and at relatively low extraction ratios in melt film production. Moreover, when rolling after molten film manufacture, it shows very high anisotropy.
[83] In order to impart light diffusivity, the continuous phase and the dispersed phase are composed of components having different refractive indices. The difference in refractive index between the continuous phase and the dispersed phase is, for example, about 0.001 or more (eg, about 0.001 to 0.3), preferably about 0.01 to 0.3, and more preferably about 0.01 to 0.1.
[84] As a combination of such resin, the following combination is mentioned, for example:
[85] (1) a combination of an olefin resin (especially a propylene resin) with at least one selected from acrylic resins, styrene resins, polyester resins, polyamide resins and polycarbonate resins,
[86] (2) a combination of a styrene resin and at least one selected from a polyester resin, a polyamide resin, and a polycarbonate resin, and
[87] (3) Combination of polyester resin and at least 1 sort (s) chosen from polyamide resin and polycarbonate resin.
[88] As a preferable combination of the crystalline resin which comprises a continuous phase, and the amorphous resin which comprises a dispersed phase, For example, crystalline polyolefin resin (such as crystalline polypropylene resin) and amorphous polyester (polyalkylene terephthalate co) And polyalkylene arylate copolyesters such as polyesters) and combinations with one or more resins selected from polystyrene-based resins.
[89] In the light diffusion layer, the ratio of the continuous phase and the dispersed phase is, for example, continuous phase / dispersed phase (weight ratio) = 99/1 to 30/70 (for example, 95/5) depending on the type of resin, melt viscosity, light diffusivity, and the like. To about 40/60 (weight ratio)), preferably about 99/1 to 50/50 (for example, 95/5 to 50/50 (weight ratio)), and more preferably about 99/1 to 75/25 It can be appropriately selected in the range of.
[90] The light-diffusion film may contain a compatibilizer as needed. The use of a compatibilizer can enhance the miscibility and affinity of the continuous phase and the dispersed phase, prevents the formation of defects (defects such as voids) even when the film is subjected to an orientation treatment, and can prevent a decrease in transparency of the film. . Moreover, adhesiveness of a continuous phase and a dispersed phase can be improved, and even if a film is uniaxially stretched, adhesion of a dispersed phase to a stretching apparatus can be reduced.
[91] The compatibilizer may be selected from conventional compatibilizers according to the type of the continuous phase and the disperse phase, and may be, for example, a modified resin modified with an oxazoline compound, a modifying group (carboxyl group, acid anhydride group, epoxy group, oxazolinyl group, etc.), diene or Diene-based copolymers (such as random copolymers) obtained by copolymerization with a rubber-containing polymer [for example, a diene monomer homopolymerizable or a copolymerizable monomer (such as an aromatic vinyl monomer); Diene graft copolymers such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS resin); Styrene-butadiene (SB) block copolymers, hydrogenated styrene-butadiene (SB) block copolymers, hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers (SEBS), hydrogenated (styrene-ethylene / butylene-styrene) block copolymers Diene block copolymers or hydrogenated products thereof], dienes or rubber-containing polymers modified with the above-described modifying groups (epoxy groups and the like), and the like. These compatibilizers can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
[92] As a compatibilizer, a polymer (random, block or graft copolymer) having the same or common components as the constituent resin of the polymer blend system, or a polymer having affinity for the constituent resin of the polymer blend system (random, block or graft copolymer) ) Is used.
[93] As said diene monomer, conjugated diene, for example, butadiene, isoprene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, piperylene, 3-butyl-1,3-octadiene, phenyl- And C _4-2O conjugated dienes which may have substituents such as 1,3-butadiene. A conjugated diene can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types. Among these conjugated dienes, butadiene and isoprene are preferable. As an aromatic vinyl monomer, styrene, (alpha) -methylstyrene, vinyltoluene (p-methylstyrene, etc.), pt-butylstyrene, divinylbenzene, etc. are mentioned, for example. Among these aromatic vinyl monomers, styrene is preferred. These monomers can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
[94] In addition, the said modification is a monomer (for example, carboxyl group-containing monomers, such as (meth) acrylic acid in a carboxyl group modification, maleic anhydride in an acid-anhydride group modification, a (meth) acrylic-type monomer and a maleimide group in an ester group modification). In the modification, it can be carried out by copolymerizing an epoxy group-containing monomer such as a glycidyl (meth) acrylate in the maleimide monomer and the epoxy modification. Epoxy modification can also be carried out by epoxidation of unsaturated double bonds.
[95] Preferred compatibilizers are epoxidized diene-based block copolymers or epoxy modified, such as unmodified or modified diene copolymers, especially modified block copolymers (e.g., epoxidized styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) block copolymers). Diene block copolymer). The epoxidized diene block copolymer has not only high transparency but also a softening temperature of about 70 ° C., which is relatively high, and makes it possible to homogeneously disperse the dispersed phase by commercializing the resin in most combinations of the continuous phase and the dispersed phase.
[96] The block copolymer can be composed, for example, of conjugated diene blocks or partial hydrogenated blocks thereof and aromatic vinyl blocks. In the epoxidized diene block copolymer, some or all of the double bonds of the conjugated diene block are epoxidized. The ratio (weight ratio) of the aromatic vinyl block and the conjugated diene block (or its hydrogenated block) is, for example, an aromatic vinyl block / conjugated diene block = 5/95 to 80/20 (for example, 25/75 to 80). / 20), More preferably, it is about 10/90-70/30 (for example, about 30/70-70/30), and is usually about 50/50-80/20. In addition, the epoxidized block copolymer having an aromatic vinyl block (styrene block or the like) of about 60 to 80% by weight has a relatively high refractive index (for example, about 1.57), and the dispersed resin (amorphous copolyester). Etc.), the dispersed phase can be uniformly dispersed while maintaining light scattering property by the dispersed phase resin.
[97] The number average molecular weight of the block copolymer can be selected, for example, in the range of about 5,000 to 1,000,000, preferably about 7,000 to 900,000, and more preferably about 10,000 to 800,000. Molecular weight distribution [ratio of weight average molecular weight (Mw) and number average molecular weight (Mn) (Mw / Mn)] is 10 or less (about 1-10, for example), Preferably it is about 1-5.
[98] The molecular structure of the block copolymer may be linear, branched, radial or a combination thereof. As a block structure of a block copolymer, a multiblock structure, such as a monoblock structure and a tereblock structure, a 3-chain radial tereblock structure, a 4-chain radial tereblock structure, etc. can be illustrated, for example. As such a block structure, when the aromatic diene block is X and the conjugated diene block is Y, for example, XY type, XYX type, YXY type, YXYX type, XYXY type, XYXYX type, YXYXY type, (XY-) ₄ Si type , (YX-) ₄ Si type, etc. can be illustrated.
[99] The proportion of the epoxy groups in the epoxidized diene-based block copolymer is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.1 to 8% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 6% by weight, more preferably 1 to 5% by weight in terms of oxygen concentration of the oxirane. About%. The epoxy equivalent (JIS K 7236) of the epoxidized block copolymer may be, for example, about 300 to 1,000, preferably about 500 to 900, more preferably about 600 to 800.
[100] In addition, the refractive index of the compatibilizer (epoxylated block copolymer, etc.) may be about the same as that of the dispersed phase resin (for example, the difference in refractive index between the compatibilizer and the dispersed phase resin may be about 0 to 0.01, preferably about 0 to 0.005). have.
[101] The epoxidized block copolymers can be obtained by conventional diepation block copolymers (or partially hydrogenated block copolymers) by conventional epoxidation methods, such as epoxidants (peracids, hydroperoxides, etc.) in inert solvents. It can be prepared by epoxidizing the block copolymer.
[102] The amount of the compatibilizer used may be selected, for example, in the range of 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 15% by weight, more preferably about 1 to 10% by weight of the entire resin composition.
[103] In a preferred light diffusing film, the ratios of the continuous phase, the disperse phase, and the compatibilizer are as follows:
[104] (1) Continuous phase / dispersed phase (weight ratio) = about 99/1 to 50/50, preferably about 98/2 to 60/40, more preferably about 90/10 to 60/40, especially 80/20 to 60/40 degree, and
[105] (2) Disperse phase / compatibilizer (weight ratio) = about 99/1 to 50/50, preferably about 99/1 to 70/30, more preferably about 98/2 to 80/20.
[106] By using each component in such a ratio, it is possible to uniformly disperse the dispersed phase even by directly melt kneading the pellets of each component without mixing each component in advance, and to prevent the formation of voids by orientation treatment such as uniaxial stretching. And an ultraviolet absorbing light-diffusion film having high transmittance and anisotropy.
[107] More specifically, for example, (a) a crystalline polypropylene resin as a continuous phase, an amorphous copolyester resin as a dispersed phase, and an epoxidized SBS (styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer) as a compatibilizer is a continuous phase. / Disperse phase = 99/1 to 50/50 (weight ratio) (particularly 80/20 to 60/40 (weight ratio)), disperse phase / compatibilizer = 99/1 to 50/50 (weight ratio) (particularly 98/2 to 80 / 20 (weight ratio)), (b) crystalline polypropylene resin as continuous phase, polystyrene resin as dispersed phase, epoxidized SBS as compatibilizer, continuous phase / dispersed phase = 99/1 to 50 / 50 (weight ratios) (particularly 90/10 to 70/30 (weight ratios)), dispersed phase / compatibilizer = 99/1 to 50/50 (weight ratios) (particularly 99.5 / 0.5 to 90/10 (weight ratios)) If the resin composition is used, it is easy to mix and melt film production is carried out by mixing only by supplying raw materials. Neunghamyeo, it is possible to form the light diffusing film does not have voids performed for uniaxial stretching.
[108] As a ultraviolet absorber, a benzotriazole type ultraviolet absorber [N-hydroxyphenyl benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-5), for example. '-t-butylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-3', 5'-di-t-butylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-3'-t -Butyl-5'-methylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-3 ', 5'-di-t-butylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (2 '-Hydroxy-3', 5'-di-t-amylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-4'-octyloxyphenyl) benzotriazole, 2,2-methylene bis [4 -(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) -6- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) phenol], [2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-methacryloxyphenyl)- 2H-benzotriazole] etc.], a benzophenone ultraviolet absorber [2-hydroxy benzophenone, 2, 4- dihydroxy benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4- alkoxy benzophenone (2-hydroxy-4- Methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-dodecyl Oxybenzophenone, bis (2-methoxy-4-hydroxy-5-sulfobenzophenone), 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-sulfobenzophenone, etc.), 2,2'-dihydroxy- 4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone, bis (2-methoxy-4-hydroxy-5-benzoylphenylmethane), etc.], benzoate-based ultraviolet absorber [2,4-di-t-butylphenyl-3, 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate and the like], salicylic acid ultraviolet absorber [henyl salicylate, pt-butylphenyl salicylate, p-octylphenyl salicylate and the like], triazine ultraviolet absorber [2- (4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) -5-hexyloxy-phenol and the like] may be exemplified. These ultraviolet absorbers can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types. As a preferable ultraviolet absorber, a benzotriazole type ultraviolet absorber and a benzophenone type ultraviolet absorber are mentioned.
[109] A ultraviolet absorber can be selected according to the kind of resin used, and the compound which has compatibility or solubility with respect to resin is used normally. When the light diffusing layer comprises an ultraviolet absorber, the ultraviolet absorber is usually dissolved or undispersed mainly in the continuous phase.
[110] The usage-amount of a ultraviolet absorber can be selected, for example in the range of about 0.1-10 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of resin which comprises a layer or continuous phase containing a ultraviolet absorber, Usually 0.1-5 weight part, Preferably 0.2 to 2,5 parts by weight, more preferably about 0.5 to 2 parts by weight. In addition, the usage-amount of a ultraviolet absorber is normally selected in the range which bleed out does not occur.
[111] In addition, the ultraviolet absorber may be used in combination with various stabilizers (antioxidants, heat stabilizers), especially light stabilizers that prevent deterioration of the resin. Examples of stabilizers include ultraviolet stabilizers (nickel bis (octylphenyl) sulfide, [2,2-thiobis (4-t-octylphenolate)]-n-butylamine nickel, nickel-dibutyldithiocarbamate, and the like. ), A hindered amine light stabilizer ([bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, etc.]), and the like.
[112] As long as the light scattering properties are not adversely affected, ultraviolet absorbing fine particles (for example, inorganic fine particles such as zinc oxide and titanium oxide) are not impaired in light scattering properties, light transmittance, etc. (for example, 0.01 to 1). It can also be used together in a small amount of about (% by weight).
[113] The light diffusing film may also contain conventional additives such as plasticizers, antistatic agents, flame retardants, fillers and the like.
[114] When giving directivity to an anisotropic light-diffusion film, the difference in refractive index between continuous resin and dispersed phase particles is, for example, about 0.005 to 0.2, preferably about 0.01 to 0.1, and the average length of the long axis of the dispersed phase particles is, for example, It is about 1-100 micrometers, Preferably it is about 5-50 micrometers. The aspect ratio is, for example, about 10 to 300 (for example, 20 to 300), preferably about 50 to 200, and about 40 to 300.
[115] The thickness of the light diffusion film is about 3 to 300 μm, preferably about 5 to 200 μm (eg, 30 to 200 μm), and more preferably about 5 to 100 μm (eg, 50 to 100 μm). to be. In addition, the total light transmittance of the light diffusion film is, for example, 85% or more (85 to 100%), preferably 90% or more (90 to 100%), more preferably 85 to 95% (for example, 90 to 95). In addition, the haze value is 50% or more (e.g., 55 to 95%), preferably 60% or more (e.g., 60 to 90%), more preferably 70 to 90%, especially 80 to 90%. It is enough. If the total light transmittance is small, the luminance tends to be lowered. If the haze value is small, the light cannot be uniformly diffused from the light guide plate, thereby degrading display quality.
[116] In the light-diffusion film of the laminated structure, the transparent resin constituting the transparent resin layer can be selected from the resins exemplified above, but in order to increase the heat resistance and blocking resistance, heat-resistant resin (such as a glass transition temperature or a high melting point resin), Crystalline resin etc. are preferable. The glass transition temperature or melting point of the resin constituting the transparent resin layer may be about the same as the glass transition temperature or melting point of the resin constituting the continuous phase, for example, about 130 to 280 ° C, preferably 140 to 270 ° C. Degree, More preferably, it may be about 150-260 degreeC.
[117] The thickness of a transparent resin layer may be the same grade as the said light-diffusion film. For example, when the thickness of the light scattering layer is about 3 to 300 µm, the thickness of the transparent resin layer may be selected from about 3 to 150 µm. The thickness ratio of the light diffusion layer and the transparent resin layer is, for example, light diffusion layer / transparent resin layer = about 5/95 to 99/1, preferably about 50/50 to 99/1, more preferably 70/30 to 95/5 or so. The thickness of the laminated film is, for example, about 6 to 600 µm, preferably about 10 to 400 µm, and more preferably about 20 to 250 µm.
[118] In addition, a release agent such as silicone oil may be applied to the surface of the light diffusing film in a range that does not impair optical characteristics, and corona discharge treatment may be performed. Moreover, the uneven part extended in the X-axis direction (long-axis direction of a dispersion phase) of a film can also be formed in the light-diffusion film which has anisotropy. When such an uneven part is formed, high anisotropic light scattering property can be provided by a film.
[119] [Method of Manufacturing Light Diffusion Film]
[120] The light-diffusion film which has anisotropy can be obtained by disperse | distributing and orienting the component (resin component, a fibrous component, etc.) which comprise a dispersed phase in resin which comprises a continuous phase. For example, the resin constituting the continuous phase and the components constituting the dispersed phase (resin component, fibrous component, etc.) may be blended by conventional methods (eg, melt blending method, tumbler method, etc.) as necessary to melt mixing. And the melted mixture can be extruded from a T die or a ring die or the like to perform film molding to disperse the dispersed phase components. Moreover, it can manufacture by shaping | molding using conventional film shaping | molding methods, such as the coating method which apply | coats the composition which consists of a light-scattering component and binder resin, and the lamination method, the casting method, the extrusion method, etc. which laminate the said composition on a base film.
[121] In addition, the light-diffusion film which has ultraviolet absorbency can be manufactured by combining resin, a light-scattering component, and a ultraviolet absorber. For example, a film can be manufactured by the coating method which apply | coats the composition which consists of a ultraviolet absorber, a light-scattering component, and binder resin, the extrusion lamination method which laminates the said composition, etc. on a base film. In addition, the light-diffusion film of a single layer structure can be manufactured by shape | molding the resin composition containing resin, a light-scattering component, and an ultraviolet absorber using conventional film forming methods, such as a casting method and an extrusion molding method.
[122] Moreover, the light-diffusion film which has a laminated structure which consists of a light-diffusion layer and the transparent (resin) layer laminated | stacked on at least one surface of this light-diffusion layer corresponds to the resin composition comprised from the component corresponding to a light-diffusion layer, and a transparent resin layer. A coextrusion molding method for coextrusion molding a resin composition composed of components to produce a film, a method for laminating the other layer by extrusion lamination with respect to one layer prepared in advance, and a dry lamination method for laminating the light diffusing layer and the transparent resin layer produced respectively. And the like can be formed. In addition, in order to provide ultraviolet absorbency, it is preferable that at least the resin composition corresponding to a transparent resin layer contains a ultraviolet absorber.
[123] In addition, the orientation treatment of a dispersed phase is (1) the method of manufacturing a film | membrane, drawing an extrusion sheet, (2) the method of uniaxially stretching an extrusion sheet, (3) the method of (1), and ( It can carry out by the method of combining the method of 2). (4) A light-diffusion film having anisotropy can also be formed by a method of solution blending each of the above components and producing a film by a casting method.
[124] Melting temperature is the temperature more than melting | fusing point of a resin component (continuous phase resin, disperse phase resin), for example, 150-290 degreeC, Preferably it is about 200-260 degreeC. The drawing ratio (drawing magnification) is, for example, about 2 to 40 times, preferably about 5 to 30 times, and more preferably about 7 to 20 times. The draw ratio is, for example, about 1.1 to 50 times (eg, about 3 to 50 times), preferably about 1.5 to 30 times (eg, about 5 to 30 times).
[125] In addition, in the case of combining drawing and drawing, the drawing ratio may be, for example, about 2 to 10 times, preferably about 2 to 5 times, and the draw ratio may be, for example, about 1.1 to 20 times (for example, About 2 to 20 times), preferably about 1.5 to 10 times (for example, about 3 to 10 times).
[126] In the anisotropic light-diffusion film of the present invention for expressing moderate anisotropy, it is preferable to prepare a film while drawing an extrusion sheet in a melt film production method, and the drawing ratio (drawing magnification) is, for example, about 1.5 to 40 times, preferably. Preferably it is about 2 to 10 times, more preferably about 3 to 7 times, usually 1.5 to 6 times (for example, 1.5 to 5 times), especially about 2 to 5 times.
[127] Methods of easily increasing the aspect ratio of the dispersed phase include a method of uniaxially stretching a film (eg, a film prepared by cooling the film). The uniaxial stretching method is not particularly limited, for example, a method of stretching both ends of the solidified film (tensile stretching), and a pair of rolls (two rolls) facing each other in parallel with a plurality of series (for example, two series) The film is inserted into each of the two rolls, and the film is placed between the two rolls on the incoming side and the two rolls on the outgoing side, and the two rolls on the outgoing film transfer speed of the two rolls on the entering side. The method of extending | stretching by making it faster (stretch between rolls), the method of inserting a film between a pair of rolls which oppose each other, and the method of rolling a film by roll pressure (roll rolling), etc. are mentioned.
[128] Preferred uniaxial stretching methods include methods that facilitate mass production of films, for example, inter-roll stretching, roll rolling, and the like, and these methods are used as first-stage stretching methods for biaxially stretched films and methods for producing retardation films. In particular, according to the roll rolling, not only the amorphous resin but also the crystalline water can be easily stretched. That is, normally, when uniaxially stretching the resin sheet, the neck in which the thickness and width of the film is reduced easily tends to occur. On the other hand, in the roll rolling method, the neck in can be prevented and the stretching process of the film can be stabilized. Can be. In addition, since the film width is reduced before and after stretching and the thickness in the width direction can be made uniform, light scattering characteristics can be made uniform in the width direction of the film, and it is easy to maintain product quality, and the use rate of the film (yield) ) Can also be improved. Moreover, a draw ratio can be set widely. In addition, in the case of roll rolling, since the film width can be maintained before and after extending | stretching, the reduction ratio reciprocation of a film thickness and draw ratio become substantially the same.
[129] The pressure of the roll rolling is, for example, about 1 × 10 ⁴ to 1 × 10 ⁷ N / m (about 0.01 to 10 t / cm), preferably 1 × 10 ⁵ to 1 × 10 ⁷ N / m (about 0.1 To 10 t / cm).
[130] The draw ratio can be selected from a wide range, for example, a draw ratio of about 1.1 to 10 times, preferably a draw ratio of about 1.3 to 5 times, more preferably a draw ratio of about 1.5 to 3 times. Roll rolling can be performed, for example at the thickness reduction rate (rolling down rate) about 0.9 to 0.1, Preferably about 0.77 to 0.2, More preferably, about 0.67 to 0.33.
[131] The stretching temperature may be equal to or higher than the melting point or glass transition temperature of the dispersed phase resin. Further, as the resin constituting the continuous phase, the dispersed phase resin is melted using a resin having a higher glass transition temperature or higher melting point than the dispersed phase resin (for example, about 5 to 200 ° C, preferably about 5 to 100 ° C). When uniaxially stretching while softening, the dispersion phase resin deforms very easily compared with the continuous phase resin, so that the aspect ratio of the dispersed phase particles can be increased, and a film having particularly high light scattering anisotropy can be obtained. Preferable extending | stretching temperature is about 100-200 degreeC (110-200 degreeC), for example, Preferably it is about 110-180 degreeC (130-180 degreeC). In addition, the temperature of roll rolling may be the temperature near melting | fusing point as below melting | fusing point of resin, when continuous phase resin is a crystalline resin, and when glass is continuous below or below glass transition temperature when continuous phase resin is amorphous resin, It may be a temperature.
[132] [Surface Light Source Device and Liquid Crystal Display Device Using Light Diffusion Film]
[133] The light-diffusion film of this invention can be used for various apparatuses and units.
[134] 4 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing an example of the surface light source device and the transmissive liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
[135] In Fig. 4, the display device 21 is a liquid crystal display unit (or liquid crystal display panel) 22 as an irradiated object having a liquid crystal cell in which liquid crystal is enclosed, which is disposed behind the display unit (or panel), And a surface light source unit 23 for illuminating the display unit 22.
[136] The surface light source unit 23 is constituted by a tubular light source 24 such as a fluorescent tube (cold cathode tube), a translucent plate member, and a light guide member (light guide plate) 25 in which the tubular light source is adjacent to each other, and the tubular light source ( A reflecting mirror 26b for reflecting light from the light source to the side of the light guiding member 25, arranged behind the light guiding member 25 and also from the tubular light source 24. Is provided in the front direction (the display unit side) to reflect the light toward the display unit 22 or a reflecting layer 26a. Light from the tubular light source 24 is incident on the side of the light guide member 25 and exits from the flat exit surface to illuminate the display unit. However, in general, the luminance distribution of the emitted light from the tubular light source 24 is not uniform, and the luminance distribution in the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the tubular light source 24 is nonuniform. Therefore, even if light is emitted from the exit surface through the light guide member 25, the display unit 22 cannot be uniformly shined. In addition, ultraviolet light generated from the tubular light source 24 passes through the light guide member (light guide plate) 25 and exits from the exit surface and leaks.
[137] Therefore, in the present invention, a light diffusing film 27 and a prism sheet 28 in which a cross-sectional triangular micro-prism is formed in parallel in a predetermined direction are provided on the emission surface side (the light emission surface side of the surface light source unit) of the light guide member 25. It is arrange | positioned by sequential lamination. Therefore, the light from the tubular light source 24 is diffused and uniformized by the light diffusing film 27 through the light guide member 25, and is condensed forward by the prism sheet 28, and the brightness is increased to increase the display unit. (22) can be seen from the back. In the case where the light diffusing film 27 is an anisotropic light diffusing film, since it can provide high anisotropic light scattering property with a single film, the structure of the surface light source device and the liquid crystal display device is not required without requiring a white scattering body composed of phosphors. It can be simplified. In addition, when the light-diffusion film 27 is a film which has ultraviolet absorbency, since the light from the tubular light source 24 turns into visible light which does not contain an ultraviolet-ray substantially, a light guide plate, a diffusion sheet, and a prism sheet (if necessary) As a result, yellowing such as a brightness enhancement sheet) can be prevented, and a change in color of the display surface of the liquid crystal display can be suppressed. Moreover, in general, it can suppress that the polarizing plate and its protective film (cellulose cellulose acetate layer etc.) adhere | attached on the surface of a liquid crystal display panel deteriorate. Therefore, display quality can be stabilized over a long period of time. In addition, since high light scattering properties and UV blocking properties can be imparted with a single film, the structures of the surface light source device and the liquid crystal display device can be simplified without the need of a white scattering body composed of an ultraviolet absorbing film or a phosphor.
[138] In the present invention, at least the light diffusing film can be disposed on the emission surface side of the surface light source unit, and it is not necessary to use it in combination with a prism sheet or a brightness enhancement sheet. In addition, the light diffusing film can be positioned between the surface light source unit and the display unit, and does not need to be laminated on the exit surface of the surface light source unit.
[139] As described above, the light diffusing film may have a single layer structure or a laminated structure. In addition, on the back side of the light guide member (light guide plate), various reflective means, for example, reflective means composed of wedge-shaped grooves without being limited to the reflective layer or the like may be formed.
[140] 5 is a schematic view for explaining another example of the surface light source unit with the light diffusing film. In this example, the light guide member (light guide plate) 35, the tubular light source 34 disposed adjacent to the light guide plate side portion, the light diffusing film 37 having a single layer structure laminated or arranged on the exit surface of the light guide plate 35, It is formed on the back surface of the light guide plate 35, and has a wedge-shaped reflecting groove (or reflecting irregularities) 38 for reflecting light from the light source in a flat exit plane direction with high directivity. The light diffusing film may have an ultraviolet absorber. Moreover, the light-diffusion film 37 of a single layer structure is comprised from several resin from which refractive index differs from each other, and has the phase-separation structure (or sea-island structure) in which the dispersed phase particle 37b was disperse | distributed in the continuous layer 37a.
[141] When the surface light source unit is composed of the light guide plate 35 and the light diffusing film 37 on which the wedge-shaped reflecting grooves 38 are formed, the light from the light source is guided by the light guide plate 35 which is arranged in close proximity to the tubular light source. The light guided to the light guide plate by the wedge-shaped reflecting groove 38 formed in the lower part of the light guide plate 35 can be reflected to the outgoing surface side while guiding. That is, the light from the tubular light source is almost specularly reflected at the inclined surface portion of the wedge-shaped reflecting groove 38 and is emitted from the upper surface of the light guide plate 35, and the emitted light is almost directional with a component that is substantially perpendicular to the upper surface of the light guide plate 35. This is a high exit light. In addition, the display unit can be illuminated by appropriately dispersing the emitted light (reflected light) from the light guide plate 35 with the anisotropic diffusion film. Therefore, it is not necessary to form a white scatterer on the back of the light guide plate, and the surface light source unit can be configured by simply stacking a light diffusing film on the light guide plate which can be manufactured simply and economically by molding or the like, and the structure is simplified. can do. In addition, the structure of the surface light source unit can be further simplified because the light guide plate and the light diffusing film can enhance anisotropic light scattering and condensing without requiring the prism sheet or the reflective film.
[142] In addition, the X-axis direction of the anisotropic light-diffusion film 17 is a long axis direction of the dispersed phase 17b normally. Therefore, the X-axis direction of the anisotropic light-diffusion film is arrange | positioned substantially perpendicular to the axial direction (Y-axis direction) of the tubular light source of a surface light source unit. In addition, the X-axis direction of the anisotropic light-diffusion film does not need to be completely perpendicular to the axial direction (Y-axis direction) of the tubular light source of the surface light source unit, and is arranged to be inclined within, for example, an angle of ± 15 °. You may.
[143] The transmissive display device (particularly the transmissive liquid crystal display device) of the present invention is composed of a display unit (liquid crystal display unit or the like) and the surface light source unit for illuminating the display unit. In this apparatus, although the anisotropic light-diffusion film may be arrange | positioned toward various directions, when the left-right direction of the display surface (liquid crystal display surface) seen from an observer is called Y-axis, the said anisotropic light-diffusion with respect to the Y-axis of a display surface is carried out. It is preferable to arrange along the Y axis (main light scattering direction) of a film or to match. In addition, the Y-axis direction of an anisotropic light-diffusion film does not need to fully correspond with the left-right direction (Y-axis direction) of a display unit, For example, you may arrange | position so that it may incline within the range of about +/- 15 degrees. By arranging the anisotropic light-diffusion film in this direction, the luminance distribution can be uniformed to reduce the angle dependence of the luminance on the display surface, so that the luminance in the left-right direction (horizontal direction) can be uniformed, and the standard such as TCO can be adjusted. Can be satisfied.
[144] Further, in the surface light source device, the light diffusing film can be disposed on the light path emitted from the light exit surface (light exit surface) of the surface light source unit, that is, on the light exit surface (light exit surface) side of the surface light source unit, It may be arranged in a stacked form laminated on the light emitting surface (output surface) using the, or may be disposed between the light emitting surface of the surface light source unit and the display unit. In addition, the prism sheet is not necessary, but is useful for condensing diffused light to illuminate the display unit. Even when the combination of the prism sheet and the light diffusion sheet is used, the positional relationship between the anisotropic light diffusion film and the prism sheet is not particularly limited. For example, the light diffusion film may be disposed on the downstream side of the optical path than the prism sheet. Although it may be arrange | positioned upstream, a prism sheet is normally arrange | positioned downstream of an optical path rather than a light-diffusion sheet.
[20] MEANS TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM As a result of earnestly examining in order to solve the said subject, when using the light-diffusion film which has moderate anisotropy and scattering (haze) in the surface light source unit which formed the wedge-shaped reflecting groove in the lower part of the light guide plate, the brightness will fall. It was found that the surface light source device can be suppressed and also meet the TCO standard. In addition, the inventors of the present invention can arrange the film having light diffusing property and ultraviolet absorbing property on the light emitting surface of the surface light source unit, which can reliably prevent ultraviolet light leakage at a low cost with a high reliability over a long period of time. It was found that various structural members such as an apparatus and a liquid crystal cell can be effectively protected to prevent functional deterioration of the liquid crystal display device. The present inventors completed the present invention based on this fact.
[21] That is, the light-diffusion film (anisotropic light-diffusion film) of this invention is a light-scattering film which can scatter incident light in the advancing direction of light, Comprising: In scattering characteristic F ((theta)) which shows the relationship between scattering angle (theta) and scattered light intensity F, When the scattering characteristic in the X-axis direction is Fx (θ) and the scattering characteristic in the Y-axis direction is Fy (θ), Fx (θ) and Fy (θ) are gently attenuated as the scattering angle θ becomes the wide angle. And scattered light intensity characteristics satisfying Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) ≧ 1.01 in the range of scattering angle θ = 4 to 30 °. Further, the light scattering characteristics of the anisotropic light diffusing film may be 1.01 ≦ Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) ≦ 100 in a scattering angle θ = 4 to 30 °, and Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) ≧ 1.1 ( For example, it may be 1.1 ≦ Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) ≦ 500). Further, the light scattering film has a light scattering characteristic of 1.1 ≦ Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) ≦ 20 at a scattering angle θ = 18 °. The light scattering characteristics are 1.01 ≦ Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) ≦ 20 in the range of scattering angle θ = 4 to 30 °, and 1.1 ≦ Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) ≦ 10 at scattering angle θ = 18 °. It may be. Such a light diffusing film may have ultraviolet absorbency. When the light-diffusion film having the light scattering property is used, the luminance uniformity of the display surface can be realized even when viewed from a wide angle in the left and right directions.
[22] Further, Fx (θ) and Fy (θ) indicate scattered light intensity of transmitted light at scattering angle θ when light is incident perpendicularly to the anisotropic light diffusing film, respectively, and y is the main scattering direction of the anisotropic light diffusing sheet. And x represents a direction perpendicular to the main scattering direction in the plane of the anisotropic light diffusing film. Therefore, Fy (θ) represents the scattered light intensity in the main scattering direction of the anisotropic light diffusion sheet, and Fx (θ) represents the scattered light intensity in the vertical direction with respect to the main scattering direction of the anisotropic light diffusion sheet. In addition, the X-axis direction of an anisotropic light-diffusion film is a long axis direction of a dispersed phase particle normally, and the Y-axis direction of an anisotropic light-diffusion film is a short axis direction of a dispersed phase particle normally. Therefore, Fx (θ) represents the scattered light intensity in the major axis direction of the dispersed phase particles of the film, and Fy (θ) represents the scattered light intensity in the minor axis direction of the dispersed phase particles of the film.
[23] The present invention also includes a light diffusing film for disposing on the light emitting surface side of the surface light source unit, and also includes a light diffusing film having ultraviolet absorptivity for absorbing ultraviolet rays leaked from the surface light source unit. The light diffusing film may be an isotropic diffusion film for isotropically diffusing the incident light or an anisotropic diffusion film for anisotropic diffusion. That is, this light-diffusion film may have light anisotropy (or anisotropic light scattering). When such a film is used, luminance uniformity of the display surface can be realized even when viewed from a wide angle in the left and right and up and down directions as the surface light source device. For example, in the scattering characteristic F (θ) showing the relationship between the scattering angle θ and the scattered light intensity F, the scattering characteristic in the X-axis direction of the film is Fx (θ) and the scattering characteristic in the Y-axis direction is Fy (θ). When the scattering angle θ = 4 to 30 °, the above-mentioned light scattering characteristics, for example, Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) ≥ 1.01 (preferably Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) ≥ 1.1, Example For example, it may satisfy 1.1 ≦ Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) ≦ 500. Further, 1.1 ≦ Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) ≦ 20 at the scattering angle θ = 18 °. In such an anisotropic light-scattering film, it is possible to clearly realize the luminance uniformity in the left and right or up and down direction.
[24] The light diffusing film may be composed of at least a light diffusing layer, and is not limited to a single layer structure, but a laminated structure, for example, a light diffusing layer composed of a plurality of resins having different refractive indices, and a transparent layer laminated on at least one side of the light diffusing layer. It may have a laminated structure composed of. In the light-diffusion film which has ultraviolet absorbency, a ultraviolet absorber can be contained in a light-diffusion layer and / or a transparent layer, and is normally contained in at least a transparent layer. By arranging the transparent layer of such laminated films on the light emitting surface of the surface light source unit, the light diffusing layer can also be effectively protected to achieve ultraviolet light leakage prevention more stably.
[25] The light diffusion layer may be composed of a continuous phase and a dispersed phase (or dispersed phase particles) having different refractive indices. The continuous phase and the dispersed phase may be each composed of a thermoplastic resin, and the ratio of the continuous phase and the dispersed phase may be about continuous phase / dispersed phase = 99/1 to 50/50 (weight ratio). The continuous phase may be composed of crystalline resin (eg, crystalline polypropylene resin), and the dispersed phase may be at least one resin selected from amorphous resins (eg, amorphous copolyester resin and polystyrene resin). It may be composed of). The light diffusing film may also include compatibilizers for the continuous and disperse phases.
[26] The anisotropic diffusion film may be composed of continuous phase and dispersed phase particles having different refractive indices, and usually, the average aspect ratio of the dispersed phase particles is greater than 1, and the major axis direction of the dispersed phase particles is oriented in the X axis direction, which is the orientation direction of the film. . For example, the average length of the short axis of a dispersed phase particle is about 0.1-10 micrometers, and the average aspect ratio of a dispersed phase particle is about 5-500.
[27] In addition, light diffusing films (such as anisotropic light diffusing films) usually have a thickness of about 3 to 300 µm, a total light transmittance of 85% or more (for example, 90% or more), and a haze of 50% or more (for example, More than 60%).
[28] The present invention also discloses a device (a surface light source device and a display device) using the light diffusing film. In the surface light source device of the present invention, the light diffusing film may be disposed on the light emitting surface side of the surface light source unit. The surface light source unit has a side portion disposed in close proximity to a light source (for example, a tubular light source), a light guide plate for guiding light from the light source, and formed under the light guide plate and outputs light guided to the light guide plate. It may be composed of a wedge-shaped reflecting groove for reflecting on the light surface side. When the light guide plate having the wedge-shaped reflecting grooves is used, since almost specular reflection of light incident on the inclined surface of the wedge can be used as illumination, the light diffusing film can be effectively used without requiring a white scattering body. As described above, the light diffusing film is composed of a light diffusing layer and a transparent layer laminated on at least one side of the light diffusing layer, and the transparent layer may be disposed on the light guide plate exit surface of the surface light source unit. In addition, the display device (e.g., a transmissive liquid crystal display device) of the present invention is arranged on a display unit (e.g., a liquid crystal display unit having a liquid crystal cell in which a liquid crystal is enclosed) and a rear side of the display unit, and furthermore the display unit. The surface light source device for illuminating a unit is provided. In this apparatus, the light diffusing film (particularly, the light diffusing film having anisotropic light diffusing property) can be arranged in various directions with respect to the surface light source unit, and for example, the Y-axis of the liquid crystal display surface in the left and right directions. In addition, you may arrange | position along the Y-axis (main light scattering direction) of a light-diffusion film with respect to the Y-axis of a liquid crystal display surface. By arranging the light diffusing film in this direction, it is possible to satisfy the standard (TCO, The Swedish Confederation of Professional employee) which requires luminance uniformity in the horizontal direction.
[29] In addition, in this specification, "film" is used by the meaning containing a sheet regardless of thickness.
[146] EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated in detail based on an Example, this invention is not limited by these Examples.
[147] In addition, the characteristic of the light-diffusion film used by the Example and the comparative example, the surface light source device using this, and a transmissive liquid crystal display device was evaluated in accordance with the following method.
[148] [Anisotropy]
[149] The scattered light intensity F with respect to scattering angle (theta) was measured using the measuring apparatus of FIG. In addition, the extending direction of the anisotropic scattering film was made into the X-axis direction and the direction orthogonal to this direction was made into the Y-axis direction. As an index of anisotropy, the values of R (θ) = Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) are shown in Tables 1 and 3.
[150] [Light Diffusion Characteristics]
[151] Haze value of the film was measured using NDH-300A by Nippon Denshoku. Haze values are shown in Tables 1 and 3.
[152] [Total Light Transmittance]
[153] The total light transmittance was measured in accordance with JIS K 7105 in the same manner as the method for measuring haze value. The total light transmittance is shown in Table 1.
[154] [Front luminance ratio of surface light source device]
[155] The surface light source device which made the lower part of the light-guide plate into the wedge shape was manufactured, the film was arrange | positioned on the exit surface of the said light-guide plate, and the brightness of the front was measured with the luminance meter (LS-110 by Minolta company). In addition, the luminance in Comparative Example 1 is referred to as "1", and the luminance ratio is shown in Table 2 by evaluating as the relative luminance ratio with respect to Comparative Example 1.
[156] In order to evaluate the uniformity of the left-right direction of the display body which concerns on a TCO standard, the surface light source device was rotated in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction), and the angle dependence of luminance was measured. That is, as shown in Fig. 3, the luminance meter is rotated at an angle of 18 ° and 40 ° with respect to the film surface to measure luminance, and each luminance is set to N (18 °) and N (40 °) and the ratio N (18 °) / N (40 °) is shown in Table 2 as an evaluation value corresponding to TCO. The closer this value is to 1, the better the device meets the TCO criteria.
[157] [Display quality in the vertical direction]
[158] The display quality when the display body was seen from the up-down direction was visually judged according to the following reference | standard, and it is shown in Table 2.
[159] ○: almost uniform
[160] △: slightly non-uniform
[161] ×: severely uneven
[162] Ultraviolet Absorption Characteristics
[163] The ultraviolet absorption characteristic of the light-diffusion film was measured with the Spectrophotometer U-3300 by the Hitachi Seisakusho Co., Ltd. Table 3 shows the transmittance for ultraviolet rays of 365 nm generated from mercury.
[164] [Accelerated Test of Ultraviolet Irradiation]
[165] The accelerated test of ultraviolet irradiation was performed by the "metal weather" by Daipra-Wintes Corporation. Moreover, it irradiated for 10 hours by the output of 75 mW at the temperature of 60 degreeC. In this test, the light diffusion film and the prism sheet (BEFIII manufactured by 3M) were overlaid, and the diffusion sheet was irradiated as an irradiated surface, and two color changes (degree of yellowing) were visually evaluated to evaluate the following criteria.
[166] ○: hardly discolored
[167] △: slightly yellowed
[168] ×: badly yellowed
[169] Ultraviolet Leakage Measurements from Surface Light Source Devices
[170] The surface light source device which made the lower part of the light-guide plate into the wedge shape was manufactured, the film was arrange | positioned on the exit surface of the said light-guide plate, the emission spectrum was measured by PHOTAL7000 by Otsuka Denshi, and the degree of ultraviolet leakage was investigated. In this surface light source device, 365 nm ultraviolet rays were emitted from the light guide plate. In addition, about the 365 nm ultraviolet-ray emission intensity | strength in an emission spectrum, when the film is arrange | positioned on the light guide plate, the grade which an ultraviolet-ray cuts off was evaluated by the following reference | standard.
[171] ○: 10% or less
[172] △: more than 10% less than 30%
[173] ×: 30% or more leaked
[174] <Example 1>
[175] 90 weight part of crystalline polypropylene resin PP (Grand Polymer Co., Ltd. product, F133, refractive index 1.503) as a continuous phase resin, Polystyrene resin GPPS (general-purpose polystyrene resin, Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. make) as a dispersed phase resin , GPPS # 30, refractive index 1.589) 9.5 parts by weight, epoxidized diene-based block copolymer resin (Compacted by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd., epofriend AT202; styrene / butadiene = 70/30 (weight ratio), epoxy 0.5 parts by weight of an equivalent of 750 and a refractive index of about 1.57) were used.
[176] The continuous phase resin and the dispersed phase resin were dried at 70 DEG C for about 4 hours, kneaded with a Benbury mixer and melted at about 220 DEG C in an extruder, and extruded from a T die to a cooling drum having a surface temperature of 60 DEG C at a drawing ratio of about 3 times. A film having a thickness of about 100 μm was produced. A center portion in the thickness direction of the cross section was observed by a transmission electron microscope (TEM), and the dispersed phase was approximately spherical (an aspect ratio of about 1.5 and an average particle diameter of about 5 μm) in the center portion. Were dispersed in the form of small rugby balls.
[177] Comparative Example 1
[178] A commercially available diffusion sheet for light guide plates (manufactured by Tsujiden Co., Ltd., condensing type D121) was used as a comparative example.
[179] <Example 2>
[180] 85 parts by weight of crystalline polypropylene-based resin PP (Grand Polymer Co., Ltd., F133, refractive index 1.503) as a component for the light-diffusion layer, polystyrene-based resin GPPS (general-purpose polystyrene-based resin, die-cell additive) Kaku Kogyo Co., Ltd., GPPS # 30, refractive index 1.589) 14.5 parts by weight, epoxidized diene-based block copolymer resin (Compacted by Daicel Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd., epofriend AT202; styrene / butadiene = 70 / 30 (weight ratio), epoxy equivalent 750, refractive index about 1.57) 0.5 weight part was used, and the said crystalline polypropylene resin PP was used as a component for transparent resin layers.
[181] The light-diffusion layer component and the transparent resin layer component were each dried at 70 ° C. for about 4 hours, and kneaded with a Benbury mixer to prepare a light-diffusion layer resin composition. The resin composition for light diffusing layer and the continuous phase resin (polypropylene resin) for forming the surface layer were melted at about 220 ° C. with a multilayer extruder, and the cooling drum having a surface temperature of 60 ° C. at three times the drawing ratio from the T die. It extruded and the surface layer (transparent resin layer) (45 micrometers in thickness) was laminated | stacked on both surfaces of a center layer (60 micrometers in thickness), and the laminated sheet (150 micrometers in thickness) of a three-layer structure was produced.
[182] When the light-diffusing layer at the center was observed by a transmission electron microscope (TEM), the dispersed phase was dispersed in the shape of a rugby ball shape having a substantially spherical shape (aspect ratio of about 1.4 and an average particle diameter of about 6 μm) to a small aspect ratio in the center layer. .
[183] <Example 3>
[184] A film was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that an amorphous copolyester-based resin was used instead of the dispersed phase resin. That is, 80 parts by weight of crystalline polypropylene-based resin PP (manufactured by Grand Polymer Co., Ltd., F133, refractive index 1.503) as a continuous phase resin, amorphous copolyester-based resin (PET-G, Eastman Chemical (EASTMAN CHEMICAL) as a dispersed phase resin. Manufacture, Eastar PETG GN071, refractive index 1.567) 19 weight part, Epoxidized diene-type block copolymer resin (made by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd., Epofriend AT202; styrene / butadiene = 70/30 as a compatibilizer) Weight ratio), epoxy equivalent 750, and a refractive index of about 1.57) 1 part by weight were used, and the same resin as that of the continuous phase resin was used for the surface layer (transparent resin layer).
[185] It melt | dissolved at about 220 degreeC with a multilayer extruder similarly to Example 2, and it extrude | extrudes with respect to the cooling drum of surface temperature 60 degreeC from the T die about 3 times of drawing ratio, and the surface layer (transparent number is transparent on both sides of a center layer (thickness 60 micrometer)) Layered layer) (thickness: 45 mu m) was laminated to prepare a laminated sheet (thickness: 150 mu m) having a three-layer structure.
[186] When the center layer (light diffusing layer) of the center was observed with the transmission electron microscope (TEM), the dispersed phase was dispersed in the shape of the rugby ball shape which has an aspect ratio of about 2.5 and an average particle diameter of about 6 micrometers.
[187] Comparative Example 2
[188] Using the same resin composition for diffusion layer and resin for surface layer as Example 3, it melt | dissolved with a multilayer extruder at about 220 degreeC, and extruded about 12 times of drawing ratio with respect to the cooling drum of surface temperature 60 degreeC from a T die, and a center layer ( The surface layer (transparent resin layer) (5 micrometers in thickness) was laminated | stacked on both surfaces of thickness 40 micrometers, and the laminated sheet (50 micrometers in thickness) of a 3-layered structure was produced. The obtained film had strong anisotropy.
[189] <Example 4>
[190] As a component for the light-diffusion layer of Example 2, polystyrene-based resin GPPS (high-molecular weight) instead of polystyrene-based resin GPPS (general-purpose polystyrene-based resin, manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd., GPPS # 30, refractive index 1.589) General purpose polystyrene resin, Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. make, GPPS # 40, refractive index 1.589) was used. In addition, it melt | dissolved at about 220 degreeC with a multilayer extruder similarly to Example 2, and it extrude | extrudes with respect to the cooling drum of surface temperature 60 degreeC from the T die about 3 times of drawing ratio, and the surface layer (both surfaces of a center layer (thickness 60 micrometers) The transparent resin layer) (45 micrometers in thickness) was laminated | stacked, and the lamination sheet (150 micrometers in thickness) of a 3-layered structure was produced.
[191] When the light-diffusion layer of the center layer was observed with the transmission electron microscope (TEM), the dispersed phase dispersed in the said center layer in substantially spherical shape (aspect ratio of about 1.2, average particle diameter about 8 micrometers). The obtained film showed weak anisotropy.
[192] Example 5
[193] In the same manner as in Example 3, 70 parts by weight of a crystalline polypropylene resin PP (Grand Polymer Co., Ltd., F109BA, refractive index 1.503) as a component for the light diffusion layer, and an amorphous copolyester-based resin (dispersed resin) PET-G, manufactured by Eastman Chemical Co., Ltd., Eastar PETG GN071, refractive index 1.567) 28 parts by weight, epoxidized diene-based block copolymer resin (manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd., epofrend AT202; styrene / 2 parts by weight of butadiene = 70/30 (weight ratio), epoxy equivalent 750, refractive index of about 1.57), and a polypropylene copolymer resin (FX-3) manufactured by Nippon Polychem Co., Ltd. as a component for the transparent resin layer. It was.
[194] The light diffusing layer component is melted at about 220 ° C. with a multilayer extruder, the component for transparent resin layer is melted at about 190 ° C. and joined in a multi-layer at the T die, and extruded to a cooling drum having a surface temperature of 60 ° C. with a drawing ratio of about 3 times. Then, a surface layer (transparent resin layer) (thickness 45 mu m) was laminated on both surfaces of the center layer (thickness 60 mu m) to prepare a laminated sheet having a three-layer structure (thickness 150 mu m). The obtained film showed almost the same anisotropy as in Example 3.
[195] Comparative Example 3
[196] In the same manner as in Example 5, 70 parts by weight of the crystalline polypropylene resin PP (Grand Polymer Co., Ltd. product, F109BA, refractive index 1.503) as the component for the light diffusion layer, and the amorphous copolyester resin as the dispersed phase resin ( PET-G, manufactured by Eastman Chemical Co., Ltd., Eastar PETG GN071, refractive index 1.567) 28 parts by weight, epoxidized diene-based block copolymer resin (Compacted by Daicel Chemical Co., Ltd., Epofriend AT202; styrene / Butadiene = 70/30 (weight ratio), epoxy equivalent 750, refractive index of about 1.57) 2 parts by weight were used, and polypropylene copolymer resin (FX-3, manufactured by Nippon Polychem Co., Ltd.) was used as a component for the transparent resin layer. .
[197] In the same manner as in Example 5, the components for the light diffusion layer and the components for the transparent resin layer were each dried at 70 ° C. for about 4 hours, and kneaded with a Benbury mixer to form a resin composition for the light diffusion layer and a surface layer for forming a surface layer. The resin composition for light diffusion layer was melted at about 220 ° C. in a multi-layer extruder, the resin composition for transparent resin layer was melted at about 190 ° C. and joined in a multilayer at a T die, and the surface temperature was 60 ° C. with a drawing ratio of about twice. It extruded with respect to a cooling drum, the surface layer (transparent resin layer) (thickness 90micrometer) was laminated | stacked on both surfaces of the center layer (120 micrometers in thickness), and the laminated sheet (300 micrometers in thickness) of the three-layer structure was produced.
[198] When the central layer was observed by a transmission electron microscope (TEM), the dispersed phase was dispersed in a substantially spherical shape in the central layer.
[199] This sheet was uniaxially stretched by roll rolling (125 degreeC, rolling ratio twice (thickness reduction rate about 1/2), width reduction rate about 3%), and the film of 150 micrometers thickness was obtained. The film was observed by TEM (dymation with osmic acid), and the dispersed phase of the light-diffusion layer had an average length of about 30 µm in the major axis and an average length of about 1.5 µm in the minor axis, and an aspect ratio of 20 in the dispersion phase was very thin and long fiber. It had a shape of mold.
[200] <Example 6>
[201] 85 weight part of crystalline polypropylene resin PP (Grand Polymer Co., Ltd. product, F133, refractive index 1.503) as continuous phase resin, Polystyrene resin GPPS (general-purpose polystyrene resin, Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. make) as disperse phase resin , GPPS # 40, refractive index 1.589) 14.5 parts by weight, epoxidized diene-based block copolymer resin (Compacted by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd., EP Friend AT202; styrene / butadiene = 70/30 (weight ratio), epoxy 0.5 parts by weight of an equivalent of 750 and a refractive index of about 1.57) were used as components for the light diffusion layer. In addition, polypropylene copolymer resin (FX-3, manufactured by Nippon Polychem Co., Ltd.) was used as a component for the transparent resin layer.
[202] The light diffusing layer component is melted at about 220 ° C. with a multilayer extruder, the component for transparent resin layer is melted at about 190 ° C. and joined in a multi-layer at the T die, and extruded to a cooling drum having a surface temperature of 60 ° C. with a drawing ratio of about 3 times. Then, a surface layer (transparent resin layer) (thickness 45 mu m) was laminated on both surfaces of the center layer (thickness 60 mu m) to prepare a laminated sheet having a three-layer structure (thickness 150 mu m). The obtained film showed almost the same anisotropy as in Example 2.
[203] <Comparative Example 4>
[204] A film was prepared in the same manner as in Example 6, and a laminated sheet (thickness: 180 µm) having a three-layer structure was prepared by laminating a surface layer (transparent resin layer) (thickness: 30 µm) on both surfaces of the center layer (thickness: 120 µm). . The obtained film showed the same anisotropy which was slightly stronger than the film of Example 6, had large haze, and lowered front luminance.
[205] Comparative Example 5
[206] A film was prepared in the same manner as in Example 6, and a laminated sheet (thickness 150 µm) having a three-layer structure was prepared by laminating a surface layer (transparent resin layer) (thickness 65 µm) on both surfaces of the center layer (thickness 20 µm). . The obtained film showed the same anisotropy which was slightly weaker than the film of Example 6, and had a small haze and the nonuniformity was large when the display surface was seen from the up-down direction, and display quality was inferior.
[207] The results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
[208] Anisotropy R (4 °)Anisotropy R (18 °)Anisotropy R (30 °)Haze (%)Total light transmittance Example 11.061.52.48591 Comparative Example 11.021.041.068670 Example 21.021.42.08491.5 Example 31.43.86.58391.7 Comparative Example 22.1505007893 Example 41.041.231.308492.2 Example 51.323.55.58292.1 Comparative Example 31550050008091 Example 61.041.42.18491.9 Comparative Example 41.051.62.89390 Comparative Example 51.031.31.85593
[209] Front luminance ratioN (18) / N (40)Display quality level in the vertical direction Example 11.051.50A Comparative Example 1One1.84A Example 21.061.60A Example 31.161.40A Comparative Example 21.201.35B Example 41.121.68A Example 51.141.42A Comparative Example 31.081.22C Example 61.091.61A Comparative Example 40.981.49A Comparative Example 51.181.65C
[210] <Example 7>
[211] 90 weight part of crystalline polypropylene resin PP (Grand Polymer Co., Ltd. product, F133, refractive index 1.503) as a continuous phase resin, Polystyrene resin GPPS (general-purpose polystyrene resin, Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. make) as a dispersed phase resin , GPPS # 30, refractive index: 1.589) 9 parts by weight, epoxidized diene-based block copolymer resin (Compacted with Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd., EP Friend AT202; styrene / butadiene = 70/30 (weight ratio), epoxy 0.4 parts by weight of a benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorber (Shiba Specialty Chemicals, "Tinuvin 234") using an equivalent of 750 and a refractive index of about 1.57) 0.5 parts by weight, and an aminotriazine-based light stabilizer (Shiba Specialty) 0.1 parts by weight of Chemicals Co., Ltd., " Kimathorpe 944FD ") was used.
[212] The continuous phase resin, the dispersed phase resin, the ultraviolet absorber and the light stabilizer are dried at 70 DEG C for about 4 hours, kneaded with a Benbury mixer and melted at about 240 DEG C in an extruder, having a surface temperature of 25 DEG C with a drawing ratio of about 3 times from the T die. The film was extruded about a cooling drum to a thickness of about 100 μm.
[213] When the center part of the thickness direction of the cross section was observed with the transmission electron microscope (TEM), the dispersed phase was disperse | distributed in the form of the rugby ball with a substantially spherical shape (aspect ratio about 1.5, an average particle diameter about 5 micrometers), and a small aspect ratio. .
[214] Comparative Example 6
[215] A commercially available diffusion sheet for a light guide plate (manufactured by Reco Inc., "LUILITE TRX100") was used as a comparative example.
[216] <Example 8>
[217] 85 weight part of crystalline polypropylene resin PP (Grand Polymer Co., Ltd. product, F133, refractive index 1.503) as continuous phase resin, Polystyrene resin GPPS (general-purpose polystyrene resin, Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. make) as disperse phase resin , GPPS # 30, refractive index 1.589) 14 parts by weight, epoxidized diene-based block copolymer resin (Compacted by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd., EP Friend AT202; styrene / butadiene = 70/30 (weight ratio), epoxy 9 parts by weight of the crystalline polypropylene resin PP and a benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorber (Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd.), using 1 part by weight of 750 equivalents and a refractive index of about 1.57) as components for the light diffusion layer. 234 ") 0.4 parts by weight and 0.1 parts by weight of an aminotriazine-based light stabilizer (Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Inc., Kimasov 944FD") were used as components for the transparent resin layer.
[218] The light-diffusion layer component and the transparent resin layer component were each dried at 70 ° C. for about 4 hours, and kneaded with a Benbury mixer to mix the light-diffusion layer resin composition and the resin composition for transparent resin layer as a surface layer at about 240 ° C. in a multilayer extruder. Melted with a die, and extruded about 3 times of drawing ratio with respect to the cooling drum of surface temperature 60 degreeC, and laminated | stacked the surface layer (transparent resin layer) (thickness 45micrometer) on both surfaces of a center layer (thickness 60micrometer), and three layers A laminated sheet (thickness 150 μm) of the structure was produced.
[219] When the light diffusing layer at the center was observed by a transmission electron microscope (TEM), the dispersed phase was dispersed in the shape of a rugby ball shape having a substantially spherical shape (aspect ratio of about 1.4 and an average particle diameter of about 6 μm) to a small aspect ratio in the center layer. there was.
[220] Comparative Example 7
[221] The light-diffusion film was manufactured like Example 7 without using a ultraviolet absorber. That is, 90 weight part of crystalline polypropylene resin PP (Grand Polymer Co., Ltd. product, F133, refractive index 1.503) as a continuous phase resin, polystyrene resin GPPS (general-purpose polystyrene resin, Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. as a dispersed phase resin) ), GPPS # 30, refractive index 1.589) 9 parts by weight, epoxidized diene-based block copolymer resin (Compacted by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd., epo-friend AT202; styrene / butadiene = 70/30 (weight ratio) , 0.5 parts by weight of an epoxy equivalent of 750 and a refractive index of about 1.57) and 0.5 parts by weight of an aminotriazine-based light stabilizer [Kymasso 944FD] were used to prepare a light-diffusion film.
[222] Example 9
[223] 80 parts by weight of crystalline polypropylene-based resin PP (manufactured by Grand Polymer Co., Ltd., F133, refractive index 1.503) as a continuous resin, amorphous copolyester-based resin (PET-G, manufactured by Eastman Chemical Co., Ltd.) as a dispersed phase resin, Eastar PETG GN071, refractive index 1.567) 18 parts by weight, epoxidized diene-based block copolymer resin (Compacted by Daicel Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., epo-friend AT202; styrene / butadiene = 70/30 (weight ratio), epoxy equivalent) 750, refractive index of about 1.57) 1.3 parts by weight, 0.2 parts by weight of a benzotriazole ultraviolet absorber (Ciba Specialty Chemicals, "Tinuvin 234"), an aminotriazine type light stabilizer (Shiba Specialty Chemicals ( Note) The light diffusing film was manufactured by carrying out similarly to Example 7 using 0.2 weight part of "Kimathorpe 944FD" manufacture.
[224] <Comparative Example 8>
[225] A commercially available diffusion sheet for light guide plates (manufactured by Tsujiden Co., Ltd., condensing type D121) was used as a comparative example.
[226] <Example 10>
[227] As a component for the light-diffusion layer, 70 parts by weight of crystalline polypropylene-based resin PP (Grand Polymer Co., Ltd., F109BA, refractive index 1.503) as a continuous resin, amorphous copolyester-based resin (PET-G, Eastman as a dispersed phase resin) Chemical Co., Ltd., Eastar PETGGN071, refractive index 1.567) 28 parts by weight, epoxidized diene-based block copolymer resin (Compacted by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd., Epofriend AT202; styrene / butadiene = 70/30) Weight part), epoxy equivalent 750, and a refractive index of about 1.57) 2 parts by weight were used.
[228] 99.3 parts by weight of a polypropylene copolymer resin (manufactured by Nippon Polychem Co., Ltd., "FX-3") as a component for the transparent resin layer, and a benzotriazole ultraviolet absorber (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Inc., "Tinubin 234" 0.7 parts by weight was used.
[229] The components for the light diffusion layer and the components for the transparent resin layer were each dried at 70 ° C. for about 4 hours, and kneaded with a Benbury mixer to prepare a resin composition for transparent resin layers for forming the resin composition for the light diffusion layer and a surface layer. It melt | dissolved at about 240 degreeC in an extruder, and it extruded about 3 times of drawing ratios from the T die with respect to the cooling drum of 25 degreeC, and laminated | stacked 75 micrometers of surface layers (transparent resin layer) on both surfaces of 150 micrometers of light-diffusion layers, A laminated sheet (thickness 300 m) was produced. When the central layer was observed by a transmission electron microscope (TEM), the dispersed phase was dispersed in a substantially spherical shape in the central layer.
[230] This sheet was uniaxially stretched by roll rolling (125 degreeC, rolling ratio 2 times (thickness reduction rate nearly 1/2), width reduction rate about 3%), and the 150-micrometer-thick film was obtained. The film was observed by TEM (dymation with osmic acid), and the dispersed phase of the light diffusing layer 1 had a very elongated fibrous shape having an average length of about 30 μm and an average length of about 1.5 μm. there was.
[231] The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.
[232] UV transmittance (%)Haze (%)Anisotropy R (18 °) Example 72851.5 Comparative Example 650871.05 Example 83841.4 Comparative Example 760851.5 Example 9One843.5 Comparative Example 840861.04 Example 10One84400
[233] UV irradiation test diffusion sheetUV irradiation test prism sheetExposure of Ultraviolet Rays from Surface Light Sources Example 7AAA Comparative Example 6CCC Example 8AAA Comparative Example 7CCC Example 9AAA Comparative Example 8CCC Example 10AAA
[145] Use of the anisotropic light diffusing film of the present invention can simplify the structure and at the same time it is useful for increasing the luminance in the surface light source device and the display device. In addition, even when a light guide plate having a wedge-shaped reflecting groove is used, the luminance and visibility from the oblique direction can be increased. In particular, by combining with a light guide plate having a wedge-shaped reflecting groove, the function of the diffusion sheet and prism sheet (its protective sheet, if necessary) can be performed as one anisotropic light diffusion film, and the number of parts and structure can be simplified. In addition, the luminance can be increased, and the uniformity of the luminance can be improved even when the display body is viewed from the left and right directions. In addition, the surface light source device is provided with luminance non-uniformity in the vertical direction, but even when viewed in the vertical direction, the non-uniformity can be prevented by concealing the non-uniformity of luminance and the display quality can be improved. In addition, the use of a light diffusing film having ultraviolet absorbency enables stable display quality over a long period of time in a transmissive display device (transmissive liquid crystal display device, etc.), and effectively protects components from ultraviolet light leaking from a light source. can do. In addition, in the backlight using the wedge-shaped reflecting groove formed in the lower part of the light guide plate without using the white scattering material composed of phosphors, the component parts (e.g., diffusion film, prism sheet, brightness enhancement sheet, Liquid crystal display cells, etc.) can be effectively protected.

权利要求:
Claims (26)
[1" claim-type="Currently amended] In the scattering characteristic F (θ) showing the relationship between the scattering angle θ and the scattered light intensity F, when the scattering characteristic in the X-axis direction of the film is Fx (θ) and the scattering characteristic in the Y-axis direction is Fy (θ), Fx (θ) and Fy (θ) represent a pattern that is gently attenuated as the scattering angle θ becomes a wide angle, Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) ≧ 1.01 in the range of scattering angle θ = 4 to 30 °, and scattering The light-diffusion film which can scatter incident light in the advancing direction of light at 1.1 <= Fy ((theta)) / Fx ((theta)) <20 in angle (theta) = 18 degrees.
[2" claim-type="Currently amended] The light diffusing film of claim 1, wherein 1.01 ≦ Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) ≦ 100 in a scattering angle θ = 4 to 30 °.
[3" claim-type="Currently amended] The light diffusing film of claim 1, wherein 1.1 ≦ Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) ≦ 500 in a scattering angle θ = 4 to 30 °.
[4" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1, wherein the scattering angle θ = 4 to 30 ° and 1.01 ≦ Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) ≦ 20, and 1.1 ≦ Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) at the scattering angle θ = 18 °. A light diffusing film of ≤10.
[5" claim-type="Currently amended] The method according to claim 1, wherein the refractive index is composed of continuous phase molecules and dispersed phase particles, the average aspect ratio of the dispersed phase particles is greater than 1, and the major axis direction of the dispersed phase particles is oriented in the X axis direction which is the orientation direction of the film. Light diffusion film.
[6" claim-type="Currently amended] The light-diffusion film of Claim 4 whose average length of short axis of a dispersed phase particle is 0.1-10 micrometers, and the average aspect ratio of a dispersed phase particle is 5-500.
[7" claim-type="Currently amended] The light-diffusion film of Claim 1 which consists of an anisotropic light-diffusion layer which anisotropically diffuses transmitted light, and the transparent layer laminated | stacked on at least one surface of this light-diffusion layer.
[8" claim-type="Currently amended] The light diffusing film according to claim 1, having a thickness of 3 to 300 µm, a total light transmittance of 85% or more, and a haze of 50% or more.
[9" claim-type="Currently amended] The light diffusing film of claim 1 wherein the total light transmittance is at least 90% and the haze is at least 60%.
[10" claim-type="Currently amended] The light diffusion film according to claim 5, wherein the continuous phase and the dispersed phase are each composed of a thermoplastic resin, and the ratio of the continuous phase and the dispersed phase is continuous phase / dispersed phase = 99/1 to 50/50 (weight ratio).
[11" claim-type="Currently amended] The light-diffusion film of Claim 5 in which a continuous phase consists of crystalline resin and a dispersed phase consists of amorphous resin.
[12" claim-type="Currently amended] The light-diffusion film of Claim 5 in which a continuous phase consists of crystalline polypropylene resin, and a dispersed phase consists of 1 or more types of resin chosen from amorphous copolyester type resin and polystyrene type resin.
[13" claim-type="Currently amended] The light diffusing film of claim 5 further comprising a compatibilizer for the continuous and disperse phases.
[14" claim-type="Currently amended] The method according to claim 5, wherein the crystalline polypropylene-based resin constituting the continuous phase, at least one resin constituting the disperse phase and selected from amorphous copolyester-based resins and polystyrene-based resins, and epoxidized constituents Styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, wherein the ratio of the continuous phase and the dispersed phase is continuous phase / dispersed phase = 99/1 to 50/50 (weight ratio), and the ratio of the dispersed phase and the compatibilizer is dispersed phase / compatibilizer = 99 / It is 1-50 / 50 (weight ratio), and the light-diffusion film whose haze value is 80-90%.
[15" claim-type="Currently amended] The light diffusing film of claim 1, wherein the light diffusing film has ultraviolet absorbency.
[16" claim-type="Currently amended] The light-diffusion film for arrange | positioning at the light emission surface side of the surface light source unit which has ultraviolet absorbency.
[17" claim-type="Currently amended] The light diffusing film according to claim 16, comprising a light diffusing layer composed of a plurality of resins having different refractive indices from each other, and a transparent layer laminated on at least one side of the dichroic diffusing layer, wherein at least the transparent layer contains an ultraviolet absorber.
[18" claim-type="Currently amended] The light diffusing film of claim 16 having light scattering anisotropy.
[19" claim-type="Currently amended] The scattering characteristic F (θ) showing the relationship between the scattering angle θ and the scattered light intensity F, wherein the scattering characteristic in the X-axis direction of the film is Fx (θ), and the scattering characteristic in the Y-axis direction is Fy (θ). ), A light diffusing film having scattered light intensity characteristics satisfying Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) ≧ 1.01 in a scattering angle θ = 4 to 30 °.
[20" claim-type="Currently amended] The light-diffusion film of Claim 19 whose 1.1 <= Fy ((theta)) / Fx ((theta)) <20 in a scattering angle (theta) = 18 degrees.
[21" claim-type="Currently amended] The light diffusing film according to claim 19, wherein the scattering angle θ = 4 to 30 ° is 1.1 ≦ Fy (θ) / Fx (θ) ≦ 500.
[22" claim-type="Currently amended] A light guide plate, the side of which is disposed close to the light source, for guiding light from the light source, a wedge-shaped reflecting groove formed below the light guide plate, and reflecting light guided by the light guide plate to the light emitting surface side, and the light guide plate. The surface light source device provided with the surface light source unit comprised from the light-diffusion film of Claim 1 or 16 arrange | positioned at the light emission surface side of the said.
[23" claim-type="Currently amended] 23. The surface light source device according to claim 22, wherein the light diffusing film is composed of a light diffusing layer and a transparent layer laminated on at least one side of the light diffusing layer, and the transparent layer is disposed on the light guide plate light emitting surface of the surface light source unit.
[24" claim-type="Currently amended] A transmissive liquid crystal display device provided with a display unit and the surface light source device according to claim 22 disposed on the back of the display unit to illuminate the display unit.
[25" claim-type="Currently amended] A transmissive liquid crystal display device according to claim 24, wherein the display unit is a liquid crystal display unit having a liquid crystal cell in which liquid crystal is enclosed.
[26" claim-type="Currently amended] The light-diffusion film of Claim 24 in which the Y-axis orthogonal to the orientation direction of a light-diffusion film is arrange | positioned so that the Y-axis orthogonal to the orientation direction of a light-diffusion film may be parallel to the Y-axis of a liquid-crystal display surface. Transmissive liquid crystal display device.

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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DE10292319B4|2012-03-08|

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WO2002099474A1|2002-12-12|

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WO2002099474A8|2005-06-23|

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US20030156238A1|2003-08-21|

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DE10292319T5|2004-09-23|

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KR100865625B1|2008-10-27|

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US6917396B2|2005-07-12|

引用文献:

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公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

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法律状态:
2001-06-01|Priority to JPJP-P-2001-00166127

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2001-06-01|Priority to JP2001166127

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2002-04-08|Priority to JPJP-P-2002-00105651

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2002-04-08|Priority to JP2002105650A

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2002-04-08|Priority to JPJP-P-2002-00105650

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2002-04-08|Priority to JP2002105651A

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2002-05-30|Application filed by 다이셀 가가꾸 고교 가부시끼가이샤

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2002-05-30|Priority to PCT/JP2002/005313

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2003-04-14|Publication of KR20030029647A

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2008-10-27|Application granted

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2008-10-27|Publication of KR100865625B1

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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JPJP-P-2001-00166127|2001-06-01|

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JP2001166127|2001-06-01|

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JPJP-P-2002-00105650|2002-04-08|

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JP2002105651A|JP4033700B2|2002-04-08|2002-04-08|Light diffusion film|

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JPJP-P-2002-00105651|2002-04-08|

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JP2002105650A|JP4205359B2|2002-04-08|2002-04-08|Surface light source device and liquid crystal display device|

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PCT/JP2002/005313|WO2002099474A1|2001-06-01|2002-05-30|Light diffusion film, surface illuminant device and liquid crystal display device|