• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A novel and improved method and apparatus are described which consist of a low data rate channel set, resulting in a high data rate channel with reduced peak amplitude. The low baud rate channel sets 90, 92 are phase rotated before being added and transmitted. The amount of phase rotation depends on the number of channels used to form the high transfer rate channel 102. In one embodiment in which two low transmission rate channels 90, 92 are used, the in-phase and quadrature phase components of the two channels are complex (94, 96) before being up-converted using the in-phase and quadrature phase sinusoids. . For a high rate channel consisting of two or more low rate channels, the in-phase and quadrature phase components of each channel are up-converted using a set of sinusoids phase offset from each other.
    公开号:KR20010012534A
    申请号:KR1019997010489
    申请日:1998-06-16
    公开日:2001-02-15
    发明作者:타이드맨에드워드지.주니어.；레자이파르라멩；글라우저올리비에；첸타오
    申请人:밀러 럿셀 비；퀄컴 인코포레이티드；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    REDUCED PEAK-TO-AVERAGE AMPLITUDE MULTICHANNEL LINK} with reduced peak-to-average amplitude
    The IS-95 standard defines over the air interface using code division multiple access (CDMA) technology to provide more efficient and robust cellular service. CDMA technology allows multiple channels to be established within the same radio frequency (RF) electron spectrum through data modulation in which one or more pseudo random noise (PN) codes are transmitted together. 1 presents a simplified illustration of a mobile phone system, constructed in an IS-95 manner. The mobile phone 10 (also called a wireless terminal) communicates with the base station 12 via a CDMA modulated RF signal, and the base station controller 14 provides a call control function to allow mobile phone communication to be performed. A mobile switching center (MSC) 16 provides route calling and switching functions to a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 18.
    Performing communication within the same RF band enables adjacent base stations to use the same RF spectrum, which increases the efficiency with which effective bandwidth is used. Other portable standards typically require adjacent base stations to use different RF spectrum. The use of the same RF band also facilitates the performance of "soft handoff", which is a more robust method of transitioning a wireless terminal (usually a mobile phone) between the coverage areas of two or more base stations. Soft handoff is a condition where a wireless terminal interfaces with two or more base stations at the same time, which increases the likelihood that at least one interface is always maintained during the transition. Soft handoff can be contrasted with hard handoff, which is adopted in most other mobile phone systems, where the interface with the first base station is terminated before the interface with the second base station is established.
    Another advantage of using the same RF band to perform communication is that the same RF device can be used for low rate channel set transmission. This allows the same RF device to be used to generate high transmission rate channels, formed by highly multiplexed multiplexing for a low transmission rate channel set. Transmission of multiple channels using the same RF device is not possible to transmit multiple channels using the same RF device at the same time because the channels are frequency-divided to a greater extent than in CDMA systems, with frequency division and time division multiple access (FDMA and In contrast to TDMA) systems. As the World Wide Web, video conferencing, and other network technologies have created demand for such high rate channels, this feature is another feature of IS-95 that can transmit high rate channels using the same RF device. It has been an important advantage.
    Although channel bundling makes it easier to form high transfer rate channels within a CDMA system, the overall system performance obtained with this bundling is not optimal. This is because the multi-channels being added produce waveforms with peak-to-average amplitudes that are larger than those for low transmission rate sequential channels. For example, the amplitude of the data waveform for sequential channels following BPSK data modulation used under IS-95 is +1 or -1. Thus, the peak-to-average ratio is essentially that of a sine wave. For a high baud rate channel that adds four low baud rate channels, the amplitude of the waveform can be +4, -4, +2, -2 and 0. As such, the peak-to-average amplitude of the bundled channels will be much larger than sinusoidal and, thus, unbundled channels.
    Increased peak-to-average amplitude places greater demands on the system's transmission amplifier, and may reduce the maximum data rate or the maximum range in which the system operates. This is due to several factors, the most important of which is that the average data transfer rate depends on the average transmit and receive power, and the increased peak-to-average waveforms increase the maximum transmit power to maintain a given average transmit power. It requires power. Thus, larger and more expensive transmission amplifiers are needed to provide the same performance for elevated peak-to-average waveforms. Nevertheless, it is highly desirable to bundle a low rate channel set to generate a high data rate channel of the CDMA scheme. Thus, for bundled low transmission rate CDMA channels, there is a need for methods and equipment that reduce the peak-to-average transmission amplitude ratio.
    The present invention is directed to a novel and improved method and apparatus for using a lower set of transmission rate channels to generate a higher transmission rate channel with reduced peak-to-average amplitude. The low rate channel set is phase rotated before being added and transmitted. The amount of phase rotation depends on the number of channels used to form the high transfer rate channel. In an embodiment in which two low transmission rate channels are used, the in-phase and quadrature-phase components of the two channels are complex products before being upconverted using the in-phase and quadrature phase sinusoids. . For high rate channels consisting of two or more low rate channels, the in-phase and quadrature phase components of each channel are up-converted using a set of sinusoids with phase offsets relative to each other.
    The present invention relates to wireless telecommunications. More specifically, the present invention relates to a novel and improved method and apparatus for generating a high data rate channel with a reduced peak-to-average amplitude using a lower set of rate rate channels.
    1 is a block diagram of a mobile phone system;
    2 is a block diagram of a transmission system used to generate a reverse link signal;
    3 is a block diagram of a high baud rate transmission system;
    4 is a block diagram of a high transmission rate transmission system, constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
    5 is a signal graph provided to illustrate the advantages of the present invention;
    6 is a block diagram of a high rate transmission system, constructed in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
    7 is a block diagram of a high rate transmission system, constructed in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; And
    8 is a signal graph provided to illustrate the advantages of the present invention.
    A method and apparatus are described using a low set of bit rate channels to generate a high bit rate channel with reduced peak-to-average amplitude. In the following description, the present invention is described with respect to a signal generated according to the reverse link waveform of the IS-95. The invention is particularly suitable for the use of such waveforms, but can also be used for signals generated in accordance with other communication protocols. For example, the present invention may be used in a system that generates a signal in accordance with the forward link waveform of the IS-95. Systems and methods for generating signals in accordance with the IS-95 standard scheme, assigned to the assignee of the present invention and referenced herein, are disclosed in US Patent 5,103,459 entitled "System and Method for Generating Signal Waveforms in a CDMA Cellular Telephone System". Is disclosed.
    2 is a block diagram of a transmission system used by the wireless terminal 10 to generate a reverse link traffic channel of 1, in accordance with the IS-95 standard. The data 48 to be transmitted is transmitted at one of four transmission rates, called "full rate", "1/2 rate", "1/4 rate" and "1/8 rate", respectively. , Which is provided to the convolutional encoder 50 in 20 kHz segments, called frames, each frame having half as much data as before, thus transmitting data at half the transmission rate. Data 48 is acoustic information vocoded at variable transmission rates from a data source, such as a vocoder system, where low transmission frames are used when there is little information, such as during pauses in conversations. The convolutional encoder 50 convolutionally encodes the data 48 to produce an encoded symbol 51, and the symbol repeater 52 performs a full rate frame on which the encoded symbol 51 is repeated. Repeated enough to generate an amount of data equal to < RTI ID = 0.0 > For example, for a total of four copies, three additional copies of a quarter-rate frame are generated. There is no additional copy of the full rate frame.
    Block interleaver 54 blocks interleaved repeated symbols 53 to generate interleaved symbols 55. Modulator 56 performs 64-modulation on interleaved symbol 55 to produce Walsh symbol 57. That is, one of the 64 possible orthogonal Walsh codes, in which each code constitutes 64 modulation chips, is transmitted and indexed by six interleaved symbols 55. The data burst randomizer 58 performs gating on the Walsh code 57 with such a pseudo random burst that only one complete instance of the data is transmitted using the frame rate information.
    The gated Walsh chip is directly sequence modulated using a pseudo random (PN) long channel code 59 at a transmission rate at which four long channel code chips for each Walsh chip generate modulated data 61. The long channel code forms the channelization function for the reverse link and is unique for each mobile phone 10 and is known to each base station 12. For forward links, to which the present invention can be applied, shorter Walsh codes are used for channelization. The modulated data 61 is spread by modulation using the in-phase pseudo random spreading code PN I to produce a I-channel data and a half copy of the spreading code chip by the delay 60. After being delayed by a duration, it is spread through modulation using a quadrature spreading code (PN Q ) and copied into a second copy to produce Q-channel data. Both I-channel data and Q-channel data are low pass filtered (not shown) before being used as in-phase and quadrature phase carrier signals of phase shift keying (PSK) modulation, respectively. The modulated in-phase and quadrature phase carrier signals are added together before being transmitted to a base station or other receiving system (not shown).
    Dotted line 70 represents the boundary between the process performed within the first integrated circuit (left) and the RF system (right) for one implementation of the present invention. Thus, an integrated circuit for performing the left and top processes of the dividing line 70 for one channel is shown and is widely used. In addition, it should be understood that all references to carrier signals merely refer to a system that upconverts the signal to carrier frequency, which may be related to successive upconversion steps, mixing steps, and the use of sinusoidal signals. In addition, although the present invention is described in the context of performing offset-QPSK spreading, its general principles may be applied to systems that perform other known modulation techniques, including QPSK and BPSK modulation.
    3 is a block diagram of a transmission system used to bundle two low transmission rate channels that do not incorporate any aspect of the present invention to create a high transmission rate link. Preferably, channel A is generated in the first integrated circuit 80 and channel B is generated in the second integrated circuit 82, but such a configuration is not necessary to practice the present invention. In addition, channels A and B are preferably coded according to the process of one channel, as described above with respect to FIG. 2 (coding not shown). Within integrated circuit 80, the channel A channel A long code being modulated using a (long code A), using statue spreading codes PN I, and after a one-half chip delay, a quadrature spreading code PN Q Using diffuse. Similarly, within integrated circuit 82, channel B is modulated using channel B long code (long code B), using in-phase spreading code PN I , and after a half chip delay, quadrature phase spreading code PN Spread using Q.
    The long codes A and B must be unique so that the channels can be demodulated on their own and preferably orthogonal to each other. Various methods and systems for generating a set of channel codes are known and may be readily developed. One method is described in US Pat. No. 5,442,625 entitled “CODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS SYSTEM PROVIDING VARIABLE DATA RATE ACCESS TO A USER”, which is referenced herein. Other systems and methods are pending US Patent Application No. 08 / 654,443 and "SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR" entitled "HIGH DATA RATE CDMA WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM", both of which are assigned to the assignee of the present invention and referenced herein. TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING HIGH SPEED DATA IN A CDMA WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM. "US Patent Application No. ________, filed May 1, 1997.
    Outside the integrated circuits 80 and 82, the PN I spread channel A data is added with the PN I spread channel B data to produce the added in-phase data 120. In addition, the PN Q spread channel A data is added with the PN Q spread channel B data to produce the added quadrature phase data 122. As can be clearly seen, the added in-phase data 120 and the added quadrature phase data 122 can have values of +2, 0 and -2, where the -1 value is logical 0 and the +1 value is logical 1 Indicates. The added in-phase data 120 is up-converted to the in-phase carrier, the added quadrature phase data 122 is up-converted to the quadrature phase carrier, and the up-converted signal is added to generate the transmission signal 128.
    4 is a block diagram of a transmission system used to bundle two low transmission rate channels to generate one high transmission rate channel, constructed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Channel A is generated in the first integrated circuit 90 and channel B is generated in the second integrated circuit 92. Channels A and B are preferably encoded according to the process of one channel, as described above with respect to FIG. 2 (encoding is not shown). Within integrated circuit 90, channel A is modulated using long code A, spread using in-phase spreading code PN I to produce in-phase channel A data 94, and after half chip delay, quadrature phase spreading Spread using code PN Q to produce quadrature phase channel A data 96. Similarly, within integrated circuit 92, channel B is modulated with long code B, spread using in-phase spreading code PN I to produce in-phase channel B data 98, and after a half chip delay, quadrature phase spreading Spread using code PN Q to produce quadrature phase channel B data 99.
    Outside integrated circuits 90 and 92, in-phase channel A data 94 is a 0 ° phase carrier (COS ( C t)) and quadrature phase channel A data 96 is a 90 ° phase carrier (SIN ( C t)). In addition, in-phase channel B data (98) provides a 90 ° phase carrier (COS) C t + 90 °) and quadrature phase channel B data 96 is 180 ° phase carrier (SIN ( C t + 90 °)). The up-converted signal is added at the adder 100 to produce a signal 102 consisting of two bundled low rate link. As shown in FIG. 4, channel B is up-converted using the in-phase and quadrature phase carriers rotated 90 ° with respect to the in-phase and quadrature phase carriers used to up-convert channel A. Thus, channel B is said to be phase rotated by 90 ° relative to channel A. As will be explained below, a 90 ° rotation of channel B prior to addition to channel A offsets the phase so that it does not fall in a straight line as a vector, reducing the peak transmission amplitude. Reducing the peak amplitude increases the efficiency with which RF transmit amplifiers are used.
    5 is an amplitude graph of various sinusoidal signals illustrating the advantages of the present invention. Signal 114 is a transmission signal generated on the in-phase channel of the unrotated high transmission rate system, shown in FIG. Signal 116 is a transmission signal generated on the in-phase channel of the phase rotated, high transmission rate system shown in FIG. 3, where channel B is modulated with a sinusoidal rotated 90 ° relative to channel A. Although only in-phase channels are shown to simplify the illustration of the present invention, the illustrated principles can also be applied to quadrature phase channels and the sum of in-phase and quadrature phases. Times A, B, and C represent data transitions, thus defining three data sets. For three cycles, the data transmitted on channels A and B are (+ 1, + 1), (+ 1, -1) and (-1, -1), respectively.
    In the case of the unrotated signal 114, the signal transmitted during time A is (2) COS ( (+1) COS equal to C t) C t) + (+1) COS ( C t). The signal 114 transmitted during time B is (+1) COS (where the sum is zero, as shown in the graph). C t) + (-1) COS ( C t). The signal transmitted during time C is (-2) COS ( (-1) COS equal to C t) C t) + (-1) COS ( C t). Thus, signal 114 typically consists of a sinusoidal or zero amplitude signal of amplitude two.
    In the case of rotated signal 116, the signal transmitted during time A is (1.4) COS ( (+1) COS equal to C t + 45 °) C t) + (+1) COS ( C t + 90 °). As is apparent, this is an amplitude reduction of about 30% compared to signal 114 for the same time. During time B, signal 116 is (1.4) COS ( (+1) COS equal to C t-45 ° C t) + (-1) COS ( C t + 90 °). During time C, signal 116 is (1.4) COS ( (-1) COS equal to C t + 215 °) C t) + (-1) COS ( C t + 90 °). Thus, signal 116 is composed of a sine wave of amplitude 1.4 as compared to a sinusoidal wave of amplitude 2 or a signal 114 of zero amplitude, and thus has a lower peak-to-average ratio than signal 114. This reduction in peak-to-average amplitude is also experienced for the quadrature phase component of the combined signal, and thus the overall peak-to-average transmission amplitude reduction allows for more efficient use of the transmission amplifier.
    6 is a block diagram of a transmission system configured according to a second embodiment of the present invention in which two channels are bundled to form a high transmission rate channel. In an aspect similar to that described above with reference to FIG. 4, the integrated circuit 90 generates in-phase channel A data 154 and quadrature phase channel A data 156, wherein the integrated circuit 92 is in-phase channel B data ( 158 and quadrature phase channel B data 160.
    Outside integrated circuits 90 and 92, in-phase channel A data 154 is added with quadrature phase channel B data 160 to generate added in-phase data 162, and quadrature phase channel A data 156 is in-phase. Added with channel B data 158 to generate added quadrature phase data 164. The added in-phase phase data 162 is up-converted to the in-phase carrier, the added quadrature phase data 164 is up-converted to the quadrature phase carrier, and the up-converted signal is added and transmitted to the signal 166.
    Those skilled in the art will recognize this as the complex product of channel A and channel B to produce a result consisting of in-phase (real) and quadrature phase (imaginary) components, which are upconverted to in-phase and quadrature phase carriers, respectively. By performing the complex product, a phase rotated waveform is generated without the need to generate additional phase offset sinusoids and thus simplify the necessary transmission process.
    7 is a block diagram of a transmission system, where N = 5, where N sets of channels are bundled to form a high transmission rate channel, constructed in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. In-phase and quadrature phase components of channel i = 0 .. 4 within integrated circuit 180 are generated as described above with reference to integrated circuits 90 and 92. Outside the integrated circuit 180, the in-phase component of each channel is sinusoidal COS ( C t + i / N · 180 °), where i is the channel number as assigned here and N is 5, which in the example shown is of the channel being bundled to form a high transmission rate channel. Likewise, the quadrature components of each channel are sinusoidal SIN ( Up conversion using C t + i / N · 180 °). The up-converted signals are added together and transmitted as signal 190.
    By rotating the phase of the carrier signal used for each channel from i = 0 to N-1 in the N-channel set by i / N · 180 °, the peak transmission amplitude generated by the added waveform is not rotated. The sinusoidal carrier is used to add up-converted channels to reduce the peak amplitude of the generated signal. This is because phase rotation with respect to the set of sinusoidal signals reduces the coherence that the amplitudes of the signal sets all peak at the same time. Thus, a given transmission amplifier can be used more efficiently for transmitting signals of high transmission rates. Although other phase offset intervals may be used, it is preferable to use phase offset intervals as described herein because they provide maximum equal spacing and phase difference.
    FIG. 8 is an amplitude graph of various sinusoidal signals further demonstrating the advantages of the present invention for the high rate channel of FIG. 7 configured by bundling five low rate rate channels. Signal 134 corresponds to the in-phase portion of the high transmission rate channel generated by adding five unrotated low transmission rate channels called channels A through E. Signal 132 corresponds to the in-phase portion of the high transmission rate channel generated by adding the five phase rotated low transmission rate channels as shown in FIG. Although only in-phase channels are shown to simplify the illustration of the present invention, the illustrated principles can also be applied to the quadrature phase channel and the sum of the in-phase and quadrature phase channels. Times D, E, and F represent data transitions, thus defining three data sets. For three cycles, the data transmitted on channels A through E are (+ 1, + 1, + 1, + 1, + 1), (+ 1, -1, -1, -1, + 1) and ( -1, -1, -1, -1, -1).
    In FIG. 8, it can be seen that during times D and F, the amplitude of the unrotated signal 130 is greater by the amount 134 than that of the rotated signal 132. This is because five rotated signals do not, while five low transmission rate channels add coherently during times D and F. During time E, the amplitude of unrotated signal 130 is smaller than that of rotated signal 132. This is because the five unrotated low baud rate channels add up more destructively over time E than the five rotated low baud rate channels. Thus, rotated signal 132 spreads the transmission energy more evenly over time, resulting in a lower peak-to-average amplitude ratio than unrotated signal 130. Thus, the present invention allows the transmission amplifier to be used more efficiently, including the use of low cost amplifiers or allowing a given amplifier to be used in a wider range.
    The previous description of the selected embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will already be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without using inventive talent. Thus, the present invention should not be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope without contradicting the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1" claim-type="Currently amended] A method for generating a high rate channel using N sets of low rate channels,
    a) generating N sinusoid sets corresponding to the N phase offset sets;
    b) upconverting the N low bit rate channel sets using the N sinusoid sets to create an upconverted signal set;
    c) adding the upconverted signal set to produce an added signal; And
    d) transmitting said added signal.
    [2" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1, wherein the set of N phase offsets is the same as the set having an i / N · 180 ° value when i is an index from 0 to N-1.
    [3" claim-type="Currently amended] 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the low rate channel is transmitted on an overlapping band of the RF spectrum.
    [4" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1, wherein each of the channel set,
    Encoding the source data;
    Interleaving the source data;
    Modulating the source data with a unique channel code; And
    And modulating a first copy of the source data using an in-phase code and a second copy of the source data using a quadrature phase code.
    [5" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1,
    Generating a second set of N sinusoids with N phase offsets phase offset by 90 ° from the set of N sinusoids;
    Upconverting the in-phase component of each channel from the N channel sets using the N sinusoid sets; And
    And upconverting the quadrature phase component of each channel from the N set of channels using the second set of N sinusoids.
    [6" claim-type="Currently amended] N integrated circuit sets generating N low bit rate channel sets;
    A sine wave generator set for generating N sine wave sets corresponding to N phase offset sets;
    A multiplier set for upconverting the N low bit rate channel sets using the N sinusoid sets; And
    And an adder set for adding the N channels received from the multiplier set.
    [7" claim-type="Currently amended] 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the set of N phase offsets is equal to the set of i / N.180 [deg.] Values when i is an index from 0 to N-1.
    [8" claim-type="Currently amended] 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the N low transmission rate channels are transmitted on overlapping bands of the RF spectrum.
    [9" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 1,
    A second set of sinusoidal generators for generating a second set of N sinusoids that are phase offset by 90 ° from the set of sinusoids,
    The in-phase component of each channel from the N channel sets is modulated using the N sinusoid sets, and the quadrature phase component of each channel from the N channel sets is modulated using the second N sinusoid sets. System characterized.
    [10" claim-type="Currently amended] Means for generating a set of N low rate channel;
    Means for generating N sinusoid sets corresponding to N phase offset sets:
    Means for upconverting the N low rate channel sets using the N sinusoid sets; And
    And means for adding the N channels received from the multiplier set.
    [11" claim-type="Currently amended] 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the set of N phase offsets is equal to the set of i / N.180 [deg.] Values when i is an index from 0 to N-1.
    [12" claim-type="Currently amended] 12. The system of claim 10, wherein the N low rate channels are transmitted on overlapping bands of the RF spectrum.
    [13" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 10,
    A second set of sinusoidal generators for generating a second set of N sinusoids that are phase offset by 90 ° from the set of sinusoids,
    The in-phase component of each channel from the N channel sets is modulated using the N sinusoid sets, and the quadrature phase component of each channel from the N channel sets is modulated using the second N sinusoid sets. System characterized.
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    1997-06-17|Priority to US87729597A
    1997-06-17|Priority to US8/877,295
    1997-06-17|Priority to US08/877,295
    1998-06-16|Application filed by 밀러 럿셀 비, 퀄컴 인코포레이티드
    1998-06-16|Priority to PCT/US1998/012483
    2001-02-15|Publication of KR20010012534A
    2006-03-30|Application granted
    2006-03-30|Publication of KR100565933B1
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US87729597A| true| 1997-06-17|1997-06-17|
    US8/877,295|1997-06-17|
    US08/877,295|1997-06-17|
    PCT/US1998/012483|WO1998058457A2|1997-06-17|1998-06-16|Reduced peak-to-average amplitude multichannel link|
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