• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In the access control process to a plurality of removable data carriers of the data station, a test is performed to check whether two different bit values have been received at one bit position of the identification number transmitted synchronously by the data carriers . Only those data carriers having a bit value at the bit position set by the data station in the identification number are selected for further adjustment. Suitably, frequency shift keying modulation is used to transmit the bit value of the identification number. A filtering means is provided in the receiver for separating the received signal into frequencies associated with the bit values and for recognizing simultaneous reception of different bit values at one bit position.
    公开号:KR19990035826A
    申请号:KR1019980700485
    申请日:1996-06-20
    公开日:1999-05-25
    发明作者:로버트 라이너
    申请人:디어터 크리스트, 베르너 뵈켈；지멘스 악티엔게젤샤프트；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Method for controlling access from a data station to a removable data carrier
    IBM Technical Laid-Open Publication No. 37, April 1994, which is incorporated herein by reference. 04B, pages 235-237 discloses a data transmission system for automatic identification of a vehicle. When the base station transmits a signal at the set frequency, the result is that the vehicle is registered while the multiple access protocol is being processed. The mobile stations have a transmission channel for transmitting their identification indication to the base station. Multiple access protocols take this into account when two or more vehicles access the same transport channel. After registration is performed, confirmation is given to the vehicle by the base station.
    The "direct contactless identification system and smart card" of the GME Expert Report 13 published by the VDE publishing company of Berlin and Offenbach in 1994, which is a reference, has various implementations of data carriers and base stations for data transmission Options are disclosed. A data carrier operating on the principle of frequency shift keying (FSK) is described on page 11. The FSK modulated by the carrier by the switch is described on page 16. Data carriers including LC tuning circuits are disclosed on pages 25 and 29. The complete transmission system in which the data carrier module includes two coil circuits and whose output signal is supplied to the demodulation device for data reception is described on page 34.
    The present invention relates to a method of controlling access from a data station to at least two removable data carriers. In addition, the invention also relates to a mobile carrier and a data station as well as to a system comprising a mobile data carrier and a data station for carrying out the method.
    In the case of mobile data carriers, in particular for mobile data carriers communicating with the data station without direct contact, multiple data carriers may be located in the reception area of the data station. Therefore, some measure must be provided to avoid collisions with other data carriers located in the receiver during transmission and reception of data from the data station to one of the mobile data carriers. In principle, coordination methods have been used in wire-based bus systems. These adjustment methods, particularly those known on the so-called CAN bus, are based on connected bus subscribers who can also receive and evaluate messages sent to each other. In contrast to wire base bus subscribers, mobile data carriers are not enough to receive messages by other mobile data carriers since they have very low transmit power, and these adjustment methods, known in wire base bus systems, are applied directly to mobile data carriers I can not. In addition, these adjustment methods require complex control means for each bus subscriber.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention is described in more detail in the following text with reference to the figures shown in the drawings.
    Figures 1 (a) through (d) illustrate bit patterns for identification tags of various data carriers and bit patterns received at data stations associated with a particular method portion.
    2 is a diagram of a circuit implementation for a data carrier and a data station;
    It is an object of the present invention to specify a method of controlling access from a data station to at least two removable data carriers, which method reliably prevents collisions and can be easily implemented.
    It is a further object of the present invention to specify a circuit design method suitable for carrying out the present method in a data station, a mobile data carrier as well as a system comprising a data station and at least two data carriers.
    According to the invention, the first mentioned object relating to the method is obtained by a method according to the characteristics of claim 1.
    The mobile data carrier is claimed in claim 8, the data station in claim 11, and the system for performing the method is specified in claim 14.
    In the case of the solution according to the invention, it is not necessary to " monitor " the data movement between the mobile data carrier and the data station to another data carrier. The control method for adjustment is essentially required for the data station.
    If two different bit values are found by the data station at one bit position in the identification tag transmitted by the data carrier, then the next step of the adjustment method, using the bit values specified by the data station, . If a bit value is always given priority, a rule of preference between data carriers results, the rule of priority being dependent on the identification tag. The instructions then sent from the data station to the data carrier need not conveniently include any variable elements in the bit values that define the next step of the adjustment. Alternatively or additionally, it may be provided that the bit value is determined as a function of the intensity of the signal field for continuity of the adjustment method. If the reception of the signal is weak, this means that the data carrier has entered or left the membrane receiver. At that time, the receive connection between the data station and the data carrier will be much better or even be interrupted. It is therefore advantageous to give preference to the data carrier for which the signal is received more strongly in the adjustment.
    Once the bit value for the further query of the identification tag is determined in this manner, the data station transmits an instruction whereby other data carriers that do not have a defined bit value at this bit position are switched to a passive state, You will not be able to participate in sending and receiving. Once the one data carrier and the subsequent coordination method for data transmission / reception are completed, the data station reactivates the adjustment method from the beginning with other data carriers that have not yet been processed. The tuning method is repeated until all the data carriers located in the receiver of the data station have been processed.
    When two different bit values of an identification tag are found in one bit position, the adjustment method can be accelerated in that only that part after this bit position is used for further transmission of the identification tag by the data carrier have. In addition, after identification of receipt of a different bit value at the bit position of the identification tag, the data station may stop further transmission of the identification tag by an instruction sent to the data carrier.
    The frequency modulation is performed on the bit values of the identification tags transmitted, in order to execute the data carrier and the data station. The first modulation frequency is assigned to the first logic state of the bit position of the identification tag and the second modulation frequency (FSK-frequency shift keying) is assigned to the second logic state. The FSK signals are modulated onto the carrier by, for example, amplitude or phase modulation, or a combination thereof. This is done for example by means of an element connected to the coil of the tuning circuit of the data carrier via a clocked switch at the first frequency or the second frequency. Depending on the device used (eg resistors, diodes or capacitors) and the type of circuit (eg series circuit or parallel circuit), the current and / or voltage of the coil is changed to match the modulation frequency. As a result, side bands dependent on the clock frequency are modulated onto the carrier. These side waves may be demodulated at the data station in a corresponding manner to recover the transmitted bit value. The receive carrier frequency may also be used as a carrier for convenience, whereby the tuning circuit of the data carrier is pressed by the data station or is used as a sub-carrier (e.g., a signal obtained by distribution from a pressurized carrier).
    The receiving circuit of the data station is designed in such a way that both of the modulation frequencies can be identified side by side to identify the presence of two different bit values at one bit position of the identification tag. For this reason, the received signal is advantageously filtered by a band-filter action at a first modulation frequency, filtered by another band-filter action at a second modulation frequency, and then compared with a threshold value. The control device determines from this the presence of two different bit values at one bit position of the identification tag. The control device also conveniently evaluates the reception level of the first frequency or the second frequency to control further progress of the adjustment method as a function of the adjustment method.
    A data carrier with one data station, for the movement of messages without direct contact, is, for example, a smart card without direct contact. It includes a tuning circuit 50 inductively coupled to the tuning circuit 60 at the data station 61 (Fig. 2). The data carrier 51 receives power supply from the signal emitted from the tuning circuit 60. The carrier frequency and the clock frequency of the data carrier 51 are likewise driven from the signal emitted by the data station 61. Each of the three data carriers symbolically shown in Fig. 2 has a unique identification number assigned to it and usually stored by the manufacturer. Therefore, the identification number is different by at least one bit position. Figure 1 shows three examples of 8-bit long identification numbers. In practice, the identification number is considerably longer due to the very large number of data carriers.
    In order to perform the adjustment, in other words, to prioritize the processing of the data carrier 51 by the data station 61, one command is transmitted at the data station 61, which is located at the receiver of the data station Can be received by all data carriers, and as a result the data carriers will transmit their identification numbers. The transmission of the identification number is performed simultaneously for all the data carriers based on the clock coupling to the transmission frequency of the data carrier 61. The bit order of FIG. 1 (b) is then received at the data station. As will be described in more detail below, the data station 61 is designed to identify different bit values " 1 " and " 0 " simultaneously in one bit position. The two logic states " 1 " and " 0 " are identified at the third bit position of the data received simultaneously according to Fig. This is the result of the fact that the three identification numbers according to Fig. 1 (a) have a logical state of both at the third bit position. The states of both are also received in the sixth, seventh, and eighth bit positions in a corresponding manner.
    After receipt of the logical state of both at the third bit position is identified at the data station, the bit value is determined for further communication during the adjustment method, the adjustment is continued with the identification card, . In this case, the adjustment is continued with the identification cards having " 1 " at the third bit position of the identification number. Other identification cards, especially those with a " 0 " in the third bit position of the identification number, are switched to a manual state by an instruction from the data station such that one data carrier is selected and data movement of this data carrier is completed Will no longer be able to participate in further steps of this adjustment method. The next other data carrier is reactivated again by an instruction from the data station. Data carriers having a bit value of " 1 " at the third bit position are requested to be transmitted again by the data station with their identification number. The other bit values are now received at the sixth bit position. Once again, the identification card having a bit value of " 0 " at the sixth bit position is switched to the manual state by the data station. The communication continues with another card having a bit value of " 1 " in its place, and the data station requests the identification card to transmit the identification number once again. There is no ambiguity in any bit position in the received identification data (Fig. 1 (d)). Only one data carrier is now active. The data station now performs the desired message movement with the data carrier. After the data movement is completed, this data carrier has been processed and is deactivated and the other data carrier is reactivated. Using the same arbitration method, the following data carriers are selected for message communication. During the tuning process, the data station acts as a so-called ruler.
    According to the progress, according to Fig. 1 (b), when two different bit values are received at the third bit position, the transmission of the other bit positions 4 to 8 is stopped by the data station by command. Furthermore, after the identification of the different bit values at the third bit position in the case of Fig. 1 (c), the data carriers can then be made to transmit only the bit values at bit positions 4 to 8, (d), only bit values of bit positions 7 to 8 can be transmitted. This increases the speed of the method of adjustment.
    In the case of selection of a bit value of " 1 " or " 0 " for continuation of the adjustment method after identification of ambiguity at the bit position, one logic state can be unconditionally specified by the data station. This results in an automatic priority rule that depends on the identification number. In addition, or alternatively, it is convenient to choose a bit value that provides a high reception level and thus can easily perform the most reliable and least disturbing transmission and reception operations in the experience.
    In the case of one of the data carriers 51 and the schematic circuit diagram of the data station 61, only circuit units essential to the content of the present invention are indicated. In particular, the receiving and evaluating apparatus of the data carrier 51 as well as the transmitting apparatus of the data station 61 are not shown for the sake of simplicity.
    The data carrier 51 includes a transmission tuning circuit 50 having a coil 52. [ The resistor 53 may be connected in parallel with the coil 52 and may be clocked through the switch 54. [ The switch 54 is switched by the control device 55 in a clock manner. The switching signal emitted from the control device 55 is at the switching frequency f 1 when the bit value "0" is transmitted, and is at the switching frequency f 2 different from the first switching frequency when the bit value "1" is transmitted .
    As a result of the resistor 53 connected in a clocked manner in parallel with the coil 52 of the tuning circuit 50, the side lobe is modulated onto the transmission carrier which presses the tuning circuit. In this case, the modulated frequency differs corresponding to the transmitted bit value "0" or "1". Instead of the resistor 53, many other electronic devices are possible, and other nonlinear devices are also possible, such as diodes, which preferably produce a capacitor or distortion element and thus produce side waves at multiple carrier frequencies. The carrier frequency transmitted by the data station may be used as the carrier frequency. The frequencies, so-called sub-carriers, which are different from the carriers of the data station but which are obtained therefrom, for example by splitting, are advantageously used. The modulation frequencies f 1 and f 2 must be located in such a way that the desired bit rate for data transmission can be obtained for the carrier.
    The data station 61 may be arranged so as not to move in a fixed position, or may move with respect to a part thereof, for example with a handset. The data carrier 51 is always free to move in contrast. The data station 61 includes a receiving tuning circuit 60 with a tuning circuit coil 62. The received signal is selected, converted to baseband and amplified by a normal receiver 63. The received signal includes a first filter 64 for filtering the signal at the first frequency f 1 for demodulation of the bit values "0" and "1" and a second filter 64 for filtering the signal at the second frequency f 2 65). The threshold detector 66 or 67 is connected next to the filters 64 and 65, respectively. In this way, the receive states " 0 " and " 1 " of both can be detected simultaneously for one bit position in the case of an identification number transmitted simultaneously by the data carrier. The output signals of the detectors 66 and 67 are evaluated in the controller 68 for the presence of the " 1 "," 0 " If a different bit value " 1/0 " is detected in one bit position, the control unit 68 also sets the bit value, and the adjustment method is continued. In order to continue with the bit value having a higher reception level, the detectors 66, 67 also notify the control device 68 of information about each reception level. For this reason, the level values are compared with each other in the control device 68, and the bit value " 1 " or " 0 "
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1" claim-type="Currently amended] A method for controlling access from a data station (61) to at least two removable data carriers (51)
    The data carriers synchronously transmitting an identification tag by a request from the data station,
    The data station verifies whether two different bit values have been received at least one bit position of the received identification tags,
    Wherein identification identifications of the data carriers have a bit value determined by the data station at the bit position if it is ascertained that two different bit values have been received in at least one bit position of the identification tags. Wherein only one carrier transmits at least a portion of the identification tag once again at the request of the data station.
    [2" claim-type="Currently amended] The method according to claim 1,
    Wherein the detected bit value with a greater signal strength is determined as a bit value determined by the data station (61).
    [3" claim-type="Currently amended] 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
    Once the data station 61 has confirmed that at least two bit values have been received at one of the bit positions, transmission of the remaining bit positions of the identification tag from the mobile data carriers 51, And is suspended upon request.
    [4" claim-type="Currently amended] 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
    If two different bit values are found to have been received in at least one bit position of the identification tag, then the data station 61 then causes the data carriers 51 to transmit a lower bit position or a higher bit position The access control method comprising:
    [5" claim-type="Currently amended] The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    If two different bit values are found to have been received in at least one bit position of the identification tag, then the data carriers comprising bit values different from the bit values defined at the bit positions are transmitted / received The data station does not perform transmission and reception of other data any more until it is completed.
    [6" claim-type="Currently amended] 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
    The logical states (" 0 "," 1 ") of the identification tag are transmitted by a data carrier in a frequency modulation manner, and in each case one filtering process f 1 , f 2 ) Is applied to the received signal of the data station.
    [7" claim-type="Currently amended] The method according to claim 6,
    A first frequency (f 1) is first assigned to a logical state ( "0") and a second frequency (f 1) is a carrier signal corresponding to the bit value that is assigned to a second logic state, the transmission is the first frequency or And modulated at a second frequency.
    [8" claim-type="Currently amended] 8. A mobile data carrier for carrying out the method of any one of claims 1 to 7,
    And a tuning circuit (50) for inductively coupled signal transmission to the data station (61), wherein the oscillation of the tuning circuit comprises a signal at a first frequency or a signal at a second frequency Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 1, < / RTI >
    [9" claim-type="Currently amended] 9. The method of claim 8,
    A control device 55 for transmitting a signal of a first frequency f 1 or a second frequency f 2 as a function of a bit to be modulated ("0", "1" Further comprising a modulation device (54, 53) acting on the tuning circuit (50) for modulation of the carrier.
    [10" claim-type="Currently amended] 9. The method of claim 8,
    The tuning circuit 50 includes an inductance 52 and an element 53 which can be connected to the inductance 52 via a switch 54 which is connected to the first bit Is switched at a frequency (f 1 ) assigned to the value or at a frequency (f 2 ) assigned to the second bit value.
    [11" claim-type="Currently amended] 8. A data station for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 7,
    Comprising a tuning circuit (60), each of the first frequency assigned to the bit value of the identification of the received signal tags (f 1) and the second frequency (f 2) for inductively receiving a signal transmitted from the data carrier Filter means (64, 65) connected to the tuning circuit (60) for separating into one frequency range and two different bits connected to the filter means (64, 65) And a control device (68) capable of confirming receipt of the value.
    [12" claim-type="Currently amended] 12. The method of claim 11,
    (66, 67) connected to two signal paths between the filter means (64, 65) and the control device (68) for each case of a first frequency and a second frequency. .
    [13" claim-type="Currently amended] 13. The method according to claim 11 or 12,
    (66, 67) for each case of a first frequency and a second frequency, said detection means being connected to a signal path between said filter means (64, 65) and said control device The determination being made by the control unit (68) as a function of the reception level.
    [14" claim-type="Currently amended] 8. A system for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 7,
    Characterized in that it comprises at least two mobile data carriers (51) according to one of claims 8 to 10 and one data station (61) according to any one of claims 11 to 13 system.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE19528599A1|1997-02-06|
    ES2143203T3|2000-05-01|
    JP3554335B2|2004-08-18|
    WO1997006503A1|1997-02-20|
    EP0842483B1|2000-02-16|
    EP0842483A1|1998-05-20|
    KR100404014B1|2005-05-09|
    RU2175815C2|2001-11-10|
    JPH10512078A|1998-11-17|
    DE19528599C2|1999-05-27|
    AT189845T|2000-03-15|
    CN1199128C|2005-04-27|
    CN1197522A|1998-10-28|
    DE59604461D1|2000-03-23|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    1995-08-03|Priority to DE19528599.9
    1995-08-03|Priority to DE1995128599
    1996-06-20|Application filed by 디어터 크리스트, 베르너 뵈켈, 지멘스 악티엔게젤샤프트
    1999-05-25|Publication of KR19990035826A
    2005-05-09|Application granted
    2005-05-09|Publication of KR100404014B1
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE19528599.9|1995-08-03|
    DE1995128599|DE19528599C2|1995-08-03|1995-08-03|Method for controlling access from a terminal to mobile data carriers|
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