• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A baking membrane (7) for a tire having a shape of revolution about a central axis and having a flexible wall of crosslinked rubber whose outer surface is intended to come into contact with the inner surface of a tire blank during the baking, the outer surface having a raised structure having a plurality of air exhaust channels. According to the invention, said raised structure has first grooves (100) for evacuation of air arranged at a distance of between 2 and 5 mm, and having a depth of between 0.4 and 1 mm, two adjacent grooves defining therebetween an inter-throat area (500) having second duct channels (1000) of air duct made to communicate with each other and with at least one of the grooves (100), the grooves each having a groove (100); depth between 0.01 and 0.4mm and being located between 0.2 and 1mm from each other.
    公开号:FR3077757A1
    申请号:FR1851269
    申请日:2018-02-15
    公开日:2019-08-16
    发明作者:Frederic Pialot；Alain Faugeras；Jose Merino Lopez
    申请人:Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present invention relates to the field of tires and relates to the curing membranes used in the processes for manufacturing tires.
    Tires are usually obtained by molding and vulcanizing a tire blank inside a baking mold. The outer walls of the tire blank are pressed against the rigid inner walls of the baking mold using a flexible baking membrane which deploys inside the blank under the effect of a fluid. under pressure. The pattern of the tread of the mold linings and that of the shells is thus printed on the raw casing which is vulcanized using heat. The cooking membrane is deployed inside the raw casing before cooking and it folds down at the end of cooking, it must withstand mechanical stress, temperature, wear and it must be able to be easily detached baked tire.
    A green tire blank is generally obtained by winding and successive laying of various components based on elastomers, in particular plies, reinforced or not reinforced strips, rods and their protections, on a rotary confection drum. During the preparation, the air is trapped between the different layers and components of the blank and exits when the blank is subjected to the vulcanization pressure. For this, the vulcanization mold has vent openings to let the air that exits at the interface between the external surface of the blank and the rigid parts of the baking mold. The internal surface of the blank is in contact with a flexible and waterproof baking membrane because it contains the heat transfer fluid which also pressurizes and deploys the membrane. As for the external surface of the blank, the air trapped between the internal surface of the tire and the baking membrane must be evacuated to avoid the appearance of air pockets which can cause, when present, defects on the surface internal of the baked tire. These defects are generally blisters present on the internal surface of the tire or even in the internal structure of the tire, which leads to appearance defects, to the loss of performance of the tire, or even to the decohesion of the internal layers of the tire. .
    -2 [0004] In order to allow the evacuation of the air present between the internal surface of the tire and the baking membrane, the latter is provided with air evacuation grooves. These grooves are often produced in the form of helical channels arranged at regular intervals on the external surface of the membrane, in the circumferential direction thereof, between the central zone defined by the equatorial plane of the membrane and the fixing heels in press of it. In fact, during the deployment of the cooking membrane inside the blank, it initially rests on an annular part located at the equatorial plane of the blank and the ridges channel the air present between the blank and the membrane towards the heels thereof and it is evacuated via vent orifices at the level of the mold parts. However, to allow good air evacuation, these grooves must be fairly deep. In addition, the membrane must be as thin as possible in order to be able to transmit the calories during the draft. However, it has been found that such deep grooves weaken the membrane and reduce its service life.
    To overcome this problem, the document JP2005280259 proposes a cooking membrane having circumferential grooves on its external surface and the area of which between two adjacent grooves is divided into several hexagonal islands separated from one another by fine notches. During the deployment of the membrane, the presence of the notches ensures a fairly uniform deformation of the membrane and reduces the risk of cracks thereof, even for membranes having a fairly thin thickness. However, the contact area between the blank and the flat hexagonal islands is quite large and the evacuation of air pockets present at the islands is not satisfactory.
    Document WO2010 / 143094 proposes a solution to remedy this problem, a solution which consists in using a membrane similar to that of the previous document in combination with a tire blank, the inner layer of which is produced by laying and winding narrow strips. . The tire blank thus participates, by its construction, in the evacuation of the air trapped between its internal surface and the external surface of the baking membrane. Having, admittedly, an air evacuation capacity greater than that of the membrane of the previous document, this solution
    -3 implies a particular construction of the tire blank and, consequently, of the manufacturing devices, suitable elastomer components, etc.
    An object of the invention is to remedy the drawbacks of the aforementioned documents and to propose a solution to improve the air discharge capacity of a cooking membrane, without negative consequences on the life of the latter. ci, in order to improve the vulcanization quality of a tire blank, regardless of the method of manufacturing the blank.
    This objective is achieved by the invention which provides a baking membrane for tires having a shape of revolution around a central axis and comprising a flexible wall of crosslinked rubber, the external surface of which is intended to come into contact with the internal surface of a tire blank during curing, the external surface having a relief structure comprising several air exhaust channels, characterized in that said relief structure has first channels forming exhaust air grooves air arranged at a distance p2 from each other of between 2 and 5mm, and having a depth h2 of between 0.4 and 1mm, two adjacent grooves defining between them an inter-groove area comprising second channels forming grooves air ducting made so as to communicate with each other and with at least one of the grooves, the grooves each having a depth h3 of between 0.01 and 0, 4mm and being located at a distance between 0.2 and 1mm from each other.
    According to the invention, there is thus practiced on the entire external surface of the useful part of the membrane of the air evacuation channels whose dimensions are chosen so as to be able to perform a good drainage of the air. More particularly, by making very fine and very close grooves, we are certain, on the one hand to be able to always have a channel which channels an air bubble, in any place and, on the other hand, we significantly increase the surface area of the membrane and therefore the volume of air channeled through the membrane.
    In addition, by communicating many very fine and close grooves with deeper grooves and more spaced, but fewer, we obtain a gradual evacuation of the volume of air captured at the grooves. This allows to have a volume of air evolving over time and an easier evacuation of air
    -4 drained. The air volume is therefore locally (at the level of the furrow) low, but overall (at the level of the membrane) very large.
    With the relief structure of the invention, we manage to drain the air at all points the air included, its volume increasing over time, which allows to evacuate the air gradually and quickly .
    Preferably, an inter-groove area comprises grooves and ribs produced in the form of curved lines entangled one in the other. This makes it possible to distribute the grooves and the ribs well on the surface of the inter-groove area.
    Advantageously, the sum of the areas of the grooves is greater than that of the ribs of an inter-groove area. This allows for a large collection volume at the grooves.
    In a first embodiment, the grooves are rectilinear and parallel to each other, being arranged at the same distance p2 from one another. Such rectilinear parallel grooves arranged at a regular distance constitute channels for collecting air from grooves situated between two adjacent grooves and ensure a progressive drainage of the volume of air coming from the grooves.
    In a second embodiment, the grooves define a honeycomb structure, said honeycomb structure being composed of several regular hexagons of height equal to p2. Such a honeycomb structure or hexagonal paving of the surface makes it possible to cover the surface of the membrane well, the regular hexagon having the largest possible surface for a given perimeter.
    Preferably, the membrane comprises several grooves parallel to each other, arranged at a predetermined distance pl from one another, with pl> p2, and produced so as to communicate with at least one groove. Thus, the grooves, deeper and less numerous than the grooves, allow a progressive drainage of the air received from the grooves.
    Advantageously, said grooves extend between the two heels of the membrane or between a heel and an area bordering the equatorial plane of the membrane. This makes it possible to channel the air at the level of the heels from where it is evacuated via the vents made in the mold parts opposite.
    The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a cooking membrane by a vulcanization process in a vulcanization press comprising a fixed rigid core and two movable rigid shells, in which said grooves and said grooves are obtained by at least one chemical etching operation on said core.
    Another object of the invention is a method of cooking a pneumatic blank in a baking mold comprising rigid molding parts and using a flexible baking membrane, characterized in that the blank tire cooperates with a membrane according to the invention during baking.
    The invention will be better understood thanks to the following description, which is based on the following figures:
    Figure 1 is an axial sectional view of a tire half-mold comprising a membrane of the invention;
    Figure 2 is a perspective view of a core of a vulcanization mold of a cooking membrane of the invention;
    Figure 3 an enlarged view of a portion of the outer surface of the membrane according to a first embodiment of the invention;
    Figure 4 an enlarged view of a portion of the outer surface of the membrane according to a second embodiment of the invention;
    Figures 5a and 5b are views on an enlarged scale of the details B and C of Figures 3 and 4;
    FIG. 6a is a view on an enlarged scale of a part of the surface of a cooking membrane according to a preferred embodiment of the invention and FIG. 6b is a sectional view produced with the plane A-A ' in Figure 6a.
    In the various figures, identical or similar elements have the same reference. Their description is therefore not systematically repeated.
    FIG. 1 schematically illustrates half of a baking mold 1 for tires, the mold being illustrated in the closed position, that corresponding to the baking operation of a tire blank 2. The mold illustrated in Figure 1 is of the type in two molding parts 4 and 5 coming into contact with each other at the equatorial plane E of the blank. The molding parts comprise, in known manner, several rigid parts defining, in the closed position of the mold, a molding cavity 6, having a shape of revolution around the central axis XX ′, the internal walls of which are made so as to define, after molding, the external surface of the tire. The molding parts 4 and 5 are driven by actuators provided for this purpose to close the mold cavity 6 before starting the curing of the tire blank and open it at the end of curing so as to be able to extract the cured tire . In the center of the mold 1 is placed a central rod 10 which supports two disc-shaped trays 11, 12 arranged at an axial distance from each other and in which a cooking membrane 7 is fixed by its ends. cooking 7 is fixed in a leaktight manner by its ends or heels 8, 9 to the plates 11, 12, an inlet orifice, respectively an outlet, for heat transfer fluid and which communicates in a leaktight manner with the interior of the membrane being provided at the level of the plate 11.
    In what follows, an axial direction designates a direction parallel to the axis XX ', a radial direction designates a direction perpendicular to the axis XX' and a circumferential direction is a direction perpendicular to the direction radial.
    The cooking membrane 7 is an elastic and expandable hollow body used for molding and vulcanizing a tire in a supported baking mold, within a baking press. More particularly, the cooking membrane 7 comprises a tubular body, the external surface of which forms a useful part 20, intended to come into contact
    -7from the internal surface of the tire blank, useful part delimited by end parts forming beads 8, 9 of the membrane. The external surface of the useful part 20 of the membrane generally has a relief structure, for example being provided with grooves for evacuating the air included between the baking membrane and the tire blank during baking.
    In operation, the tire blank 2 is introduced into the molding cavity 6 and is centered relative to the axis X-X ’of the mold. When heat transfer fluid is injected under pressure inside the cooking membrane 7, in general steam or air mixed with nitrogen, it deploys and takes a general toroidal shape at inside the tire casing. When it deploys under the effect of the pressure of the heat transfer fluid, its flexible wall extends until it presses the raw envelope against the rigid walls of the baking mold. During this phase, the membrane must evacuate the air included in the tire when it is made. The surface of the membrane has for this purpose a relief structure.
    To manufacture a membrane is used, in a generally known manner, a vulcanization press comprising a core and two rigid, metal shells, the membrane being constituted by the sleeve obtained by a compression molding of a block of inserted butyl rubber between the shells and the nucleus. The pattern of the external surface of the useful part of the membrane is printed on the core which is a convex part, easier to machine than the shells which are concave parts. The membrane is therefore vulcanized upside down, the relief structure being located inside the membrane during its manufacture. After vulcanization, the membrane is extracted and turned over, like a sock, so as to bring its relief structure back to the outside of the membrane.
    FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a core 15 used in a vulcanization mold for a cooking membrane 7 of the invention. The core 15 has a shape of revolution around an axis Y-Y ’, an axis which coincides with that of the tire blank when the membrane and the blank are arranged in the baking mold 1.
    The core 15 has an ovoid shape, more particularly it comprises three parts of substantially equal axial length including two front parts in frusto-cone
    - 8 joined by a cylindrical central part. The external surface 20 'of the core 15 constitutes the negative of the useful part 20 of the cooking membrane 7 and for this purpose has grooves 30' uniformly distributed on the external surface 20 'of the core allowing the molding of corresponding ribs in the membrane 7. During the manufacture of the membrane, the core molds the ribs on its internal part, the membrane is then turned over to be deposited in the baking mold. Two adjacent ribs of the membrane define between them an air discharge groove 30, several grooves 30 thus being uniformly distributed over the external surface of the membrane. The grooves 30 ′ are oriented so that the grooves of the membrane channel the air from the top of the tire blank towards the beads thereof. The grooves 30 ’are generally inclined relative to a meridian line of the membrane core, but can also be parallel to this one. In the example illustrated in Figure 2, the grooves 30 'are parallel to each other, they form an angle of about 30 ° with the meridian line of the core, each groove starts from a first circumferential position of the core to one of its ends which forms one of the heels of the membrane and arrives in a second circumferential position of the core at the opposite end. The grooves 30 have a depth h1, a width 11 and are spaced apart by a pitch pl on the circumference of the membrane.
    According to the invention, the external surface of the useful part 20 of the cooking membrane has a relief structure whose pattern varies with the dimensions of the relief and this up to a scale less than a millimeter. More particularly, in a first embodiment of the invention and as visible in FIG. 3, the surface of a groove zone 50 comprised between two adjacent parallel grooves 30 of the membrane is provided with grooves 100 for evacuating air. Several grooves 100 are produced in the form of straight lines parallel to each other and crossing the grooves 30. The grooves 100 thus communicate with the grooves 30. The grooves 100 have a width 12, a depth h2 and are spaced apart by a pitch p2, with 12 <11, h2 <hl and p2 <pl. In a variant (not illustrated in the drawings) the grooves 30 are absent, a network of parallel grooves 100 uniformly distributed is present over the entire external surface of the useful part 20 of the cooking membrane 7.
    In a second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4, the air exhaust grooves 100 are produced in the form of a hexagonal paving or forming a network of the honeycomb type. The grooves 100 therefore define between them inter-groove zones 500 in the shape of a regular hexagon. In another variant, as best seen in FIGS. 6a and 6b, the grooves 100 communicate with each other and with grooves 30. In another alternative embodiment of the invention (not illustrated in the drawings) the grooves 30 are absent, the network of honeycomb grooves 100 being present over the entire external surface of the useful part 20 of the cooking membrane 7.
    In addition, according to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, and as best seen in Figures 5a and 5b, the surface of an inter-groove area 500 between two adjacent grooves 100 is provided with grooves 1000 evacuation air communicating with each other and uniformly distributed over the surface between two grooves 100. The grooves 1000 communicate with each other and also with the grooves 100. The grooves 1000 have an average width3, a depth h3 and are spaced apart by an average pitch p3, with 13 <12, h3 <h2 and p3 <p2.
    The grooves 1000 are produced in the form of a tangle of curved lines etched on the surface of an inter-groove surface 500. More particularly, the grooves 1000 (hollow parts) and the ribs 2000 (parts in relief) are curved lines entangled in each other. The 1000 grooves communicate with each other either by being one in continuity with the other, or by intersecting, or when bifurcations or bridges are provided between two adjacent grooves. Two exemplary embodiments of such patterns are illustrated in FIGS. 5a and 5b. The grooves 1000 have a width 13 equal to or slightly greater than that of the ribs 2000, it is thus possible to define the pattern by the density of the grooves which is greater than 50% and for example comprised between 50 and 60% relative to that of the streaks 2000 The dimensional parameters of the grooves 30 uniformly distributed over the surface of the membrane are: the pitch pl whose values are between 10 and 35mm, the width 11 between 1 and 1.5mm and the depth hl between 1 and 1, 5mm.
    The dimensional parameters of the grooves 100 uniformly distributed over the surface of the membrane or over that of an inter-groove area 50 are: the pitch p2 whose
    - 10 values are between 2 and 5mm, the width 12 between 0.5 and 1mm and the depth h2 between 0.4 and 1mm.
    The dimensional parameters of the grooves 1000 which are themselves uniformly distributed over the surface of an inter-groove area 500, are: the average pitch p3 whose values are between 0.2 and 1mm, the average width 13 between 0.1 and 0.5mm and the depth h3 between 0.01 and 0.4mm. By mean pitch and mean width are understood the arithmetic mean values of the distances and respectively of the widths of the grooves 1000 of an inter-groove area 500.
    Thus, an inter-groove area 500 of hexagonal shape has an area between 3.5 and 22mm 2 and an inter-groove area 500 in the form of a parallelogram has an area between 15 and 157mm 2 . The external surface of the cooking membrane 7 is thus divided into small inter-groove zones 500, each being provided with fine and shallow grooves 1000 of air ducting towards the grooves 100. The grooves collect the air from the grooves and evacuate it towards the grooves 30 or, when the latter are absent, towards the heels of the membrane.
    In a first example of the first embodiment, the relief structure of the external surface of the cooking membrane 7 comprises several parallel grooves 100, as visible in FIG. 3, and grooves 1000 of the type illustrated in the Figure 5a being provided between the grooves 100, the grooves 30 being absent. For grooves 100 having a pitch p2 of 4mm, a width 12 of 0.8mm and a depth of 0.3mm and grooves a pitch p3 of 0.4mm, a width of 0.2mm and a depth of 0.1mm , the calculated external projected surface of the membrane increases by 124% and the volume of air drained by 191% compared to a standard membrane (we understand a membrane of the same dimensions provided only with grooves 30). When we add, in a second embodiment of the membrane according to this first mode, grooves 30 having a pitch of 10mm, a width of 1.2mm and a depth of 0.8mm, the calculated external projected area of the membrane increases by 123% and the volume of drained air increases by 403% compared to a standard membrane.
    - 11 In a first example of the second embodiment, the relief structure of the external surface of the cooking membrane 7 comprises several honeycomb grooves 100, as visible in Figure 4, and grooves 1000 of the type illustrated in FIG. 5b being provided between the grooves 100, the grooves 30 being absent. By a honeycomb structure on the external surface of the membrane, it is understood that this surface is divided into plots each having a regular hexagon shape and in which two series of adjacent plots in the shape of a regular hexagon meet by their bases. The regular hexagons of the honeycomb structure form inter-groove areas 500 in relief which are separated by hollow grooves 100.
    It is of course possible to provide an inter-groove area 500 according to the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3 with grooves 1000 produced according to the pattern illustrated in FIG. 5b and that produced according to the second mode illustrated in Figure 4 with grooves 1000 which are made according to the pattern illustrated in Figure 5a.
    For grooves 100 having a pitch p2 of 4mm, a width 12 of 0.8mm and a depth of 0.3mm and grooves a pitch p3 of 0.4mm, a width of 0.2mm and a depth of 0.1mm, the calculated external projected surface of the membrane increases by 132% and the volume of air drained by 235% compared to a standard membrane (we understand a membrane of the same dimensions provided only with grooves 30). When we add, in a second embodiment of the membrane according to this second mode, grooves 30 having a pitch of 10mm, a width of 1.2mm and a depth of 0.8mm, the calculated external projected area of the membrane increases by 129% and the volume of drained air increases by 436% compared to a standard membrane.
    The grooves 1000 and the grooves 100 are produced by chemical etching on the surface of the core 15, the grooves 30 being produced by mechanical machining.
    When the cooking membrane 7 is inflated inside the blank, it is initially supported on an annular part located at the equatorial plane E of the blank. More specifically, the ribs 2000 of the inter-groove areas 500 of this equatorial annular part bear on the blank which allows the air included in the grooves 1000 to be discharged into the network of grooves 100. During full deployment of the
    - 12 membrane, the entire outer surface of the baking membrane 7 is supported on the inner surface of the tire blank 2, the air captured on a sub-millimeter scale by the grooves 1000 of each inter-groove area 500 is channeled towards the grooves 100 and progressively evacuated via the grooves 30, when they are present, or even only via the network of grooves 100, towards the heels 8, 9 of the cooking membrane. This results in a gradual evacuation at the membrane of the volume of air captured at the grooves. This allows the volume of air captured at any point to change over time while being drained over the entire surface of the membrane, and thus to obtain an easier evacuation of the drained air.
    In a variant, the external surface of the cooking membrane is covered with an anti-stick coating, for example of the type produced on the basis of a silicone composition which hardens in the presence of water having a thickness of between 15 and 30pm.
    Other variants and embodiments of the invention can be envisaged without departing from the scope of its claims.
    Thus, one can use any other type of paving of the surface of the cooking membrane in place of hexagonal paving, for example paving using equilateral triangles or squares or by combining polygons of all kinds, not necessarily regular.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. A baking membrane (7) for a tire having a shape of revolution about a central axis and comprising a flexible wall of crosslinked rubber, the external surface of which is intended to come into contact with the internal surface of a tire blank during of cooking, the external surface having a relief structure comprising several air discharge channels, characterized in that said relief structure has first channels forming air discharge grooves (100) arranged at a distance p2 one of the other of between 2 and 5mm, and having a depth h2 of between 0.4 and 1mm, two adjacent grooves defining between them an inter-groove zone (500) comprising second channels forming grooves (1000) of air ducting made so as to communicate with each other and with at least one of the grooves (100), the grooves each having a depth h3 of between 0.01 and 0.4mm and being located at a distance between 0.2 and 1mm from each other.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that an inter-groove area (500) comprises grooves (1000) and ribs (2000) produced in the form of curved lines entangled one in the other.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Membrane according to claim 2, characterized in that the sum of the areas of the grooves (1000) is greater than that of the ribs (2000) of an inter-groove area (500).
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Membrane according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grooves (100) are rectilinear and parallel to each other by being arranged at the same distance p2 from one another.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Membrane according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the grooves (100) define a honeycomb structure, said honeycomb structure being composed of several regular hexagons of height equal to p2.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Membrane according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises several grooves (30) parallel to each other, arranged at a predetermined distance pl from one another, with pl> p2, and produced so to communicate with at least one groove (100).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Membrane according to claim 6, characterized in that said grooves (30) extend between the two heels of the membrane or between a heel and an area bordering the equatorial plane of the membrane.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. A method of manufacturing a membrane according to one of the preceding claims, by a vulcanization process in a vulcanization press comprising a fixed rigid core and two movable rigid shells, in which said grooves (100) and said grooves (1000 ) are obtained by at least one chemical etching operation on said core.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. A method of cooking a pneumatic blank in a baking mold comprising rigid molding parts (3,4) and using a flexible baking membrane, characterized in that the blank cooperates with a membrane according to one of claims 1 to 7 during the cooking operation.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US11090889B2|2021-08-17|
    US20200406565A1|2020-12-31|
    WO2019158852A1|2019-08-22|
    EP3752349A1|2020-12-23|
    FR3077757B1|2020-02-14|
    CN111741844A|2020-10-02|
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    法律状态:
    2019-02-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2019-08-16| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20190816 |
    2020-02-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2021-02-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2022-02-16| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1851269A|FR3077757B1|2018-02-15|2018-02-15|TIRE COOKING MEMBRANE|
    FR1851269|2018-02-15|FR1851269A| FR3077757B1|2018-02-15|2018-02-15|TIRE COOKING MEMBRANE|
    EP19710740.2A| EP3752349A1|2018-02-15|2019-02-13|Curing membrane for a tyre|
    CN201980012923.XA| CN111741844A|2018-02-15|2019-02-13|Curing bladder for a tire|
    US16/970,103| US11090889B2|2018-02-15|2019-02-13|Curing membrane for a tire|
    PCT/FR2019/050309| WO2019158852A1|2018-02-15|2019-02-13|Curing membrane for a tyre|
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