• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    TITLE An edge cabinet (1) having an electrical lock having a compartment (2) receiving an edge furniture component (3), a latch (4) movable between a closed position and an open position. In the closed position, the latch (4) blocks an edge furniture component (3), inside the compartment (2) and in the open position, the latch (4) releases the compartment (2) to receive the component of edge furniture (3) or extract it. An electromechanical actuator (5) activates the latch (4) between its closed position and its open position.
    公开号:FR3076542A1
    申请号:FR1900113
    申请日:2019-01-07
    公开日:2019-07-12
    发明作者:Christian Riedel；Michael Luedtke
    申请人:Airbus Operations GmbH；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description
    Title of the invention: "On-board furniture with electric cooking equipment for an airplane or a spacecraft" Technical field [0001] The present invention relates to an on-board furniture with electric cooking equipment for a vehicle, in particularly an airplane or spacecraft. The invention also relates to an airplane or a spacecraft equipped with such an on-board cabinet.
    Although the present invention can apply to multiple fields, the problem is which will be examined in more detail relates to passenger transport aircraft. The devices described can however be used in the same way in different vehicles and in all sectors of the transport industry, for example in road vehicles, rail vehicles, airplanes or vehicles traveling on water.
    PRIOR ART [0003] The on-board furniture fitted to passenger transport planes typically comprises one or more pieces of equipment or a component of on-board furniture which are individual modules having in common a monolithic basic structure for a variety of functions. integrated. For example an on-board cabinet of this type may have different components for the preparation of meals / drinks, housed in an extremely small space, for example water heaters for preparing hot water, coffee machines, ovens for convection, hotplates, sinks, refrigerator cooling vessels etc. Conventional embodiments of on-board furniture have multiple compartments for receiving containers or receptacles and / or containers on casters or carts. To fix the containers in their place, in a respective compartment, one or more mechanical latches are used, according to the characteristic embodiments, which are actuated manually by the cabin crew. For example, the locks are open to allow the container to be pushed into place and then to block it to keep it once pushed into the compartment. One of the missions of the cabin crew is to always check and ensure that containers and roller containers are properly locked in the onboard cabinet.
    Documents DE 10 2009 058 327 A1 and US 8,378,825 B2 describe systems and methods for storing in aircraft cabin furniture. Receiving devices such as boxes or carts are equipped with a transponder which provides an output, an identification signal characteristic of the content of the receiving device to which the transponder is attached.
    GOAL OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention aims to vis-à-vis this state of the art to develop automatic solutions to block the furniture on board.
    DESCRIPTION AND ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION
    To this end, the invention relates to an on-board cabinet comprising an electric lock having a compartment intended to receive an on-board cabinet component, a movable lock between a closed position and an open position, in the closed position on lock blocking the on-board furniture component, inside the compartment in which it is located and in the open position, the lock releasing the compartment for receiving or removing the on-board furniture component and an electromechanical actuator to activate the lock between its position closed and its position open.
    The invention also relates to an airplane or a spacecraft thus equipped with on-board furniture.
    In other words, the invention relates to an on-board cabinet with electrical cooking equipment. The edge cabinet has a compartment adapted to receive a cabinet component, a movable latch between a closed position and an open position; in the closed position, the lock blocks the component in the compartment, and in the open position, the lock opens the compartment to receive or to extract an on-board furniture component; an electromechanical actuator activates the latch between its closed position and its open position.
    The invention also relates to an airplane or a spacecraft equipped with on-board furniture comprising at least one on-board equipment according to the invention.
    The basic concept of the invention is to complete the current purely mechanical design of the locking means of the on-board furniture comprising electric actuators, thus enabling automated cooking. To do this, you can move a compartment lock using an electromechanical actuator to move from a closed position to an open position and vice versa. When the lock is closed, the furniture component such as for example a container, for example a container on wheels which has been introduced into the compartment, will be held there, blocked by the lock. In the closed state, the bolt or its bearing (for example a ball bearing or a rotary bearing) absorbs the mechanical loads exerted by the containers or the wheeled containers which, in principle move freely during the movements of the on-board furniture or from the plane.
    The solution of the invention offers advantages which can be guaranteed at any time, indicating that the lock is in principle closed correctly (or open).
    If this is not the case, the lock can be moved to the desired position at any time, using the actuator. In particular according to the invention the bolt and its actuator are designed so that the bolt remains movable in a purely mechanical manner, that is to say manually, between the closed position and the open position. Under these conditions, an example may consist in supplying on one side the electromechanical actuator which is activated only if the lock is not in the closed position, for example because it has not been activated or has been completely removed, to the closed position due to an error or negligence of the cabin crew. This can be done for example depending on whether or not a container or other components are located in the compartment. In addition, the actuator can be connected to an on-board furniture control system which makes it possible to activate the lock actuator (s) centrally, for example using a user interface. The on-board furniture control system itself can in turn be linked to a cabin management system.
    According to one characteristic, the electromechanical actuator comprises an actuator element with a shape memory alloy. Shape memory alloys (also called SMA alloys) or memory metals are particularly advantageous elements for the present application because they make it possible to produce an actuator in a very small and very light footprint. For example, a magnetic alloy with shape memory changes shape or length by magnetic induction and this change can be used to transmit a force and move the lock.
    According to another characteristic, there is provided an encoder designed as a measurement transducer to determine the current position and / or the current orientation of the lock.
    Correspondingly, the encoder can for example be designed as a rotary / linear encoder. Under these conditions, the encoder will make it possible, for example, to detect the optical, electrical, magnetic and / or mechanical position or orientation and to provide an electrical signal at the output, for example by evaluating the modulation of the magnetic field, by inductive sensors, Hall effect sensors or the like. For this purpose, the encoder is for example designed as an incremental encoder, that is to say which performs firm measurements for counting making it possible to detect the distance traveled and / or the direction of movement and / or the change of angle. or direction of rotation. As an alternative or in addition, there are solutions such as, for example, continuous operating measurement systems, absolute value encoders, etc.
    According to one example, the electromechanical actuator is triggered by electromechanical means, for example by a stepping motor, a servo motor or similar means. The encoder is generally used to detect the current position and / or the alignment of the lock and / or the actuator and compare this position to a desired reference position or a reference alignment, for example the current closed or open position . In the event of deviation from the desired position, the lock can be activated correspondingly to put it in the correct position using the actuator. This is done for example with a control unit.
    According to a development there is provided a component detector. The component detector detects the presence of a furniture component in a compartment. A variety of techniques can be used to make this component detector. According to the characteristic example, the component detector uses the RLID (radio frequency identification) technique, for example by a near field communication system (NLSC system). For this, the components of the on-board cabinet are correspondingly equipped with one or more RIFD transponders. The component detector can for example be integrated into the compartment or be provided on the edge of the compartment opening so as to be able to directly detect the container or the roller container which is introduced into the compartment.
    According to characteristic embodiments, it is thus possible by way of example, to use additional information elements or data to be read for the furniture component; these pieces of information or this data can be saved in a data memory coupled to the RFID transponder, this information concerning the furniture component. For example, such data elements include indications concerning the content and / or the state of the component. According to other examples, it is possible to use other detector or sensor techniques as a variant or in addition, to detect the presence of a piece of furniture in the compartment, for example optical, infrared, ultrasonic, using mechanical or other switches. Knowledge of the presence of a furniture component can be used, for example, to automatically close the locks of compartments into which one or more components have been inserted.
    According to a development there is provided a control unit designed to control the electromechanical actuator to actuate the lock. The control unit comprises for example an actuation means, a decoder / coder unit, a data memory, a microprocessor or other means. For example, an on-board furniture structure can be formed of several on-board furniture each having an individual control unit. The individual control units of the on-board furniture can in turn be controlled by a centralized controller, according to another closed loop or in open loop mode. However, it is alternatively possible to have a central controller of the furniture structure to directly control the various on-board furniture.
    According to one development, the control unit exchanges the locking data by a wireless link with the electromechanical actuator, the coder and / or the component detector. For example a local wireless network such as for example a radio network can be used to exchange data between the different components. For example, the electromechanical actuator can be connected by a cable-free connection to the control unit, by a radio module or the like.
    According to a development, the control unit is a wired unit for exchanging locking data with the electromechanical actuator, the encoder and / or the component detector. In principle it is thus possible, apart from the electrical connection of the actuator, to have other cable connections such as a data transmission cable. To have electromagnetic compatibility (also called EMC compatibility) it is possible to use shielded cables or lines, shielded on-board circuits or other circuits.
    According to one development, the control unit evaluates the current position of the lock, the current orientation and / or the presence of a component in the compartment. The control unit can be designed to control the electromechanical actuator from this information. For example, provision can be made to automatically close all the locks of the furniture of the structure in which a component is housed in a compartment. According to a characteristic example, the locks are automatically closed at the end of a predefined time window if this has not been done manually during the intervention.
    According to one development, there is provided a display unit coupled to the control unit and displaying the locking data. For example, a structure can be made up of several edge units, each of which has a specific display unit. As a variant, it is however also possible to have a central display unit for the entire structure.
    According to one development, the display unit is a touch screen for entering and exiting orders from the control unit. For example, the touch screen can be fixed to the structure and / or to on-board furniture allowing this touch screen to control part or all of the on-board furniture. In principle, such displays / control units are incorporated or linked to a cabin management system.
    According to one development, the compartment has at least two latches and corresponding electromechanical actuators. In principle, the embodiments have exactly two locks, but also probably three, four or more locks which are each activated by a corresponding electromechanical actuator.
    According to one development, the component is a container or a container on wheels or a similar means.
    According to another development, the on-board furniture structure has several compartments and latches as well as electromechanical actuators.
    The above embodiments and developments can be combined with one another in any way. In addition, other embodiments of development and complement of the invention also encompass the combinations which have not been explicitly mentioned or even characteristics of the invention as described above.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention will be described below in more detail with the aid of an embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings in which: [0031] [fig.l] is a front view diagram of an on-board furniture structure with electrically-locked on-board furniture corresponding to an embodiment of the invention, [fig.2] is a diagram of the locking system of the on-board furniture structure in FIG. 1, [fig.3] is a diagram of a locking system for an on-board cabinet corresponding to an alternative embodiment of the invention, [fig. 3] is a diagram of the lock of FIG. 3, [FIG. 5] is a schematic side view of an airplane equipped with a structure according to FIG. 1 and [0036] [FIG. 6] schematically shows the flow diagram d 'a method of controlling the on-board furniture of Figure 1.
    In the figures, identical or similar elements have the same references and their description will not be systematically repeated.
    DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT
    [Figure 1] schematically shows an on-board furniture structure (10) having several on-board furniture (1) according to an embodiment of the invention. The structure (10) is fitted, for example, to a passenger cabin of an airplane (100), in particular of a passenger transport airplane as shown by way of example in FIG. 5.
    In this embodiment, the structure (10) is divided only by way of example, into three edge units (1). Each of these edge pieces (1) has one or more compartments (2) for receiving one or more pieces of furniture (1). One of the on-board cabinets (1) (lower left of Figure 1) has a compartment (2) receiving two components (3) which in this case are two wheeled containers. In the right part of the structure (lower right part in Figure 1) there is a compartment (2) for a single container on wheels. Above the two edge cabinets (1) there is a third cabinet (1) which can receive three components (3) in respective compartments (2), for example food containers. The compartments (2) can for example have standard dimensions to receive standardized containers.
    Each of the compartments (2) has two or three latches (4) fixed to the respective piece of furniture (1). Each of the latches (4) is movable between a closed position and an open position. In the closed position, the component (3) placed in the compartment (2) is locked or is kept blocked in the compartment (2) by the lock (4). In the open position, the lock releases the compartment (2) which allows the component (3) to be inserted into or removed from it. For example in the case of the edge cabinet (1) on the lower left side in FIG. 1, a container on wheels is held by a latch (4) (in the upper right part of the component (3)). However, if this lock (4) has not been properly closed, this appears by its oblique position. A second latch (4) on the left side above (4) is still in the open position. Contrary to this, the component (3) of the edge cabinet (1) on the lower right side has been correctly locked in the edge cabinet (1) by the three latches (4). Depending on the intended use, one may provide two or three or more latches (4) per compartment (2). For example in the aviation sector, to have redundancy, it is advantageous to have at least two locks (4).
    According to this embodiment, each of the locks (4) shown is actuated by an electromechanical actuator (5) to put the lock (4) in the closed position or in the open position. This will be detailed with reference to the following figures.
    [Figure 2] is a diagram of the locking system of the furniture structure (10) of Figure 1. Each of the edge furniture (1) of the structure (10) has several latches (4) each coupled an electromechanical actuator (5). Figure 2 mainly shows by way of example the selected components of the system. The left of the figure shows a detailed lock (4) shown in section with its electromechanical actuator (5) while in the right part of the figure, the electromechanical actuators (5) of the other locks (4) are simply shown schematically for exemple. The electromechanical actuators (5) are for example fitted with a stepping motor or with servomotors or the like allowing the lock (4) to be rotated or pivoted by an angle of ± 90 °, 180 ° or 270 °, to move the latch from its closed position to its open position or vice versa. It is clear that we can have other angular values. In addition, each lock (4) has a magnetic contact (14) or similar means as a reference point which makes it possible, in an extremely simple manner, to detect the particular position and / or current orientation of the lock (4). For example, the modulation of a magnetic field can be evaluated using inductive sensors, Hall sensors or the like to detect the position and / or orientation of the latch (4). In order to have the appropriate force or the transmission of the force, it is possible to use pinions such as planetary pinions or the like, additionally provided. These means are not shown. One can envisage an encapsulated structure for such means.
    In addition to each of the locks (4) is associated an encoder (7) made as a measurement transducer to determine at least the current position or the current orientation of the lock (4). For this, the encoder (7) is directly coupled to the electromechanical actuator (5). The two components are connected by wiring (12) to the control unit (9). The wiring (12) comprises for example not only electric power cables but also data transmission lines or the like. Each on-board cabinet (1) has a dedicated control unit (9). In each case, the control unit controls the electromechanical actuators (5) of the on-board cabinet (1) to activate the latches (4). Figure 2 shows by way of example two control units (9) of the on-board furniture (1) of Figure 1; for each control unit (9) in each case, by way of example, there are two electromechanical actuators (5) with encoders (7); other control units (9) and actuators (5) as well as encoders (7) are shown by dots. It is also possible in addition, for example not only to detect the current position and / or the current orientation but also the starting position, in absolute and / or the final position of the lock (4). In general, one or more absolute reference points for the latch (4) can be obtained or determined using a corresponding sensor. In principle, such a reference point is measured by optical, electromagnetic or mechanical means.
    Each on-board cabinet (1) has a component detector (8) for detecting the presence of a component (3) in one or more compartments (2). This component detector is for example an infrared detector, an optical detector (a light barrier), an RLID detector, an ultrasonic detector etc. The respective control unit (9) is wired with the associated component detector (8).
    The control units (9) exchange locking data with the components, that is to say with the electromechanical actuators (5), the encoders (7) and / or the component detectors (8) and serve to control the electromechanical actuators (5) from these detections to adjust the latches (4). Such locking data includes for example the current position and / or the current orientation of the lock (4) or even that of the reference points, absolute for the locks (4). Furthermore, the locking data contains the indication of the presence of one or more components (3) in one or more compartments (2).
    In this exemplary embodiment, each on-board cabinet (1) also has a display unit (11) coupled to the control unit (9) and which makes it possible to display the locking data. In particular, the display unit (11) is a touch screen designed in particular for entering and exiting orders from the control unit (9). The control units (9) or activation means of each on-board cabinet (1) are managed in this embodiment according to FIG. 2 by a central controller (15) of the structure (10). According to alternative embodiments, the structure (10) has only a general display unit (11) which allows the furniture (1) to be controlled. For example, the display unit (11) has an adjustable touch screen which is appropriately hinged to one of the cabinets (1). The central controller (15) can for example be connected to a network (CAN) of the cabin management system.
    [Figure 3] is a diagram of a structure locking system (10) corresponding to an alternative embodiment of the invention. Unlike the structure of Figure 2, the electromechanical actuators (5) of this embodiment are not connected by cables to the control units (9) of the on-board furniture (1). Instead, the electromechanical actuators (5) are connected by a wireless link (13) to the other parts of the system in particular to the control units (9). In connection with the embodiment of Figure 2, this has the advantage of eliminating the cables. However, it is possible to supply electrical power to the electromechanical actuators (5) always by cables. Thus overall the installation is space-saving, light and is carried out at a lower cost.
    [Figure 4] shows different diagrams of one of the locks (4) of Figure 3 or of Figure 2 (the sectional view of the upper part of Figure 4 and from the front view in the part figure 4). The electromechanical actuator (5) of the latch according to this embodiment has an actuator element (6) with a magnetic alloy with shape memory. The actuator (6) expands and contracts according to the excitation generated by a magnetic field. The actuator (6) is connected on one side to the latch (4) so that the change in length of the actuator (6) results in the rotation of the actuator (6) to 90; this corresponds to the movement of the lock between its open position and its closed position.
    [Figure 6] shows the flowchart of a method M for controlling the structure (10) of Figure 1.
    The method M includes the step M1 of verifying that the latches (4) of the structure (10) are locked. This information can for example be read in a central database communicating with the central controller (15) of the structure (10). As a variant or in addition, this information can also be obtained directly by detection using the detectors (8) to determine which of the respective components (3) has been introduced and must be locked in an appropriate manner.
    The method M also includes the step M2 consisting in checking whether one or more of the locks (4) have been controlled from one or more display units (11) (for example a touch panel) or by a general user interface (which can be linked to the management system cabin). If this is the case then in the next step M6, the corresponding locks (4) are directly activated or adjusted. For this, the method M also has a step M7 consisting in checking all the latches (4) to determine whether they are in the position provided. Otherwise the process returns to step M2.
    If the check made in step M2 shows that there was no input from the user interface, then we check in step M3 if a component (3) is in the respective compartment (2). If no component (3) is in the compartment (2) then in step M4 ’the adjustment of one or more associated locks (4) is triggered only from a manual movement. If the component (3) is in the compartment (2) then one or more locks (4) are activated in step M4 by proceeding manually. Only if the manual adjustment is not made or is not carried out correctly (for example because the latch (4) is not put in its final position) then in step M5, after a given time delay, the movement automatic one or more locks (4) is triggered by the control unit (9) or the central controller (15) in step M6.
    The method M can be applied until all the latches (4) of the structure (10) are closed correctly. It is clear that the method M is only an example and many possible variations depending on the application. For example, it cannot be foreseen that all the latches (4) are closed automatically, whether the components (3) are present or not, for example in an emergency or during turbulence.
    NOMENCLATURE OF MAIN ELEMENTS 1 On-board cabinet 2 Compartment 3 Component for a compartment 4 Lock 5 Electromechanical actuator 6 Actuator element 7 Encoder 8 Detector 9 Control unit 10 On-board furniture structure 11 Display unit 12 Wiring 13 Wireless link 14 Magnetic contact 15 Central controller 100 Airplane
    Ml Process step M2 Process step M3 Process step M4, M4 ’Process step M5 Process step M6 Process step M7 Process step
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    Claims [Claim 1] On-board furniture (1) comprising an electric lock having a compartment (2) intended to receive an on-board furniture component, a lock (4) movable between a closed position and an open position, in the closed position on latch (4) blocking the on-board furniture component (3), inside the compartment (2) where it is located and in the open position, the latch (4) releasing the compartment (2) to receive or remove the component of on-board furniture (3) and an electromechanical actuator (5) for activating the lock (4) between its closed position and its open position. [Claim 2] An onboard cabinet (1) according to claim 1, wherein the electromechanical actuator (5) comprises an actuator element (6) having a shape memory alloy. [Claim 3] Dashboard (1) according to claim 1 or 2, comprising an encoder (7) designed as a measurement transducer to determine at least one of the positions, the present position and the present orientation of the lock (4 ). [Claim 4] On-board cabinet (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a component detector (8) for detecting the presence of an on-board cabinet component (3) in the compartment (2 ). [Claim 5] Dashboard (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a control unit (9) for controlling the electromechanical actuator (5), for actuating the lock (4). [Claim 6] On-board cabinet (1) according to claim 5, according to which the control unit (9) is designed to exchange, by a cable-free connection, locking data with at least the electromechanical actuator (5) the encoder (7) or the component detector (8). [Claim 7] On-board cabinet (1) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the control unit (9) is wired to exchange lock data with the electromechanical actuator (5), the encoder (7) or the component detector (8). [Claim 8] Dashboard (1) according to one of claims 5 to 7, according to which the control unit (9) evaluates the present position of the lock (4), the present orientation of the lock (4) or the presence of an on-board furniture component (3) in the compartment (2) and controls the electromechanical actuator (5) according to the result. [Claim 9] Dashboard (1) according to one of claims 5 to 8, further comprising a display unit (11) coupled to the control unit (9) and displaying the locking data (4) . [Claim 10] Dashboard (1) according to claim 9, wherein the display unit (11) is a touch screen for entering or exiting control orders from the control unit (9). [Claim 11] Dashboard (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, according to which the compartment (2) has at least two latches (4) and the corresponding electromechanical actuators (5). [Claim 12] Dashboard (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the dashboard component (3) is a container or a wheeled container. [Claim 13] On-board cabinet (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the on-board cabinet (1) is designed with multiple compartments (2) with associated locks (4) and electromechanical actuators ( 5). [Claim 14] Airplane or spacecraft (100) having on-board furniture equipment (10) comprising at least one of the on-board furniture (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13.
    类似技术:
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    FR3048252A1|2017-09-01|LOCK ASSEMBLY WITH INDEPENDENT ACTUATION SLINGS
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    WO2022023654A1|2022-02-03|Transport platform and vehicle for securely transporting objects loaded onto the platform, and method for loading or unloading the platform
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN110015429A|2019-07-16|
    US20190210730A1|2019-07-11|
    DE102018200141A1|2019-07-11|
    CA3028292A1|2019-07-08|
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    法律状态:
    2020-01-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2021-01-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2022-01-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102018200141.3|2018-01-08|
    DE102018200141.3A|DE102018200141A1|2018-01-08|2018-01-08|PORCH COOKING MONUMENT WITH ELECTRIC LOCK FOR AN AIR-OR SPACE VEHICLE|
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