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    • 专利摘要:
    The light system (5) for an automotive vehicle has an optical module (1) and is intended to compensate for undesirable traveling or undoing effects caused by the manufacturing tolerances of the vehicle. optical part. The module has an imaging device provided with a pixellated spatial modulator (3), illuminated by a source (2), and a projection optics (18). A control unit (16) for controlling the modulator (3) receives first display commands representative of an image to be projected. This unit (16) converts each first display command (F1) into a second display command (F2) taking into account correction parameters, which are predefined on the basis of an identification identification. Geometric faults specific to projection optics. The control unit controls the modulator (3), such as a micro-mirror array (6), according to the second display commands (F2) so that the image actually projected (F3) by the imaging device corresponds to the image to be projected.
    公开号:FR3072531A1
    申请号:FR1759633
    申请日:2017-10-13
    公开日:2019-04-19
    发明作者:Pierre Albou；Vincent Godbillon
    申请人:Valeo Vision SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Method and system for selectively adjusting pixels in an optical module to compensate for geometric defects due to manufacturing tolerances
    The present invention relates to vehicle lighting, by using a modulator with spatial decomposition in pixels, for example in the form of a micro-mirror matrix (or DMD from the English “Digital Micromirror Device”), the micro-mirrors are controllable. The invention relates more particularly, in the automotive field, to a method and a system allowing an adjustment of the pixels of the image to be projected in order to compensate in the projected image for geometric defects inherent in the design or the assembly of the shaping optics.
    A lighting and / or signaling device for a motor vehicle is known, comprising a light source, a matrix of micro-mirrors or similar modulating device making it possible to decompose a light beam into pixels distributed in two dimensions. The matrix of micro-mirrors is generally used to reflect the light rays coming from the light source towards an optic for shaping the light beam, intended to project the figure formed on the matrix of micro-mirrors, in the form of an outgoing light beam. This light beam allows for example to illuminate the lane on which the motor vehicle comprising this lighting and / or signaling device circulates, or fulfills a signaling function.
    Such lighting devices are designed by mass production methods. There is necessarily a clearance between the constituent elements of the lighting and / or signaling device, on the one hand to allow easy assembly, and on the other hand because the parts are not generally machined but rather molded in plastic, which reduces production costs.
    It should be emphasized, in particular, the difficulty of perfectly aligning a modulator with spatial decomposition in pixels (also called high-definition pixelated spatial modulator, given the very large number of pixels that it is allowed to activate or deactivate) and the projection optical part, generally in the form of at least one lens. Due to the large numerical aperture of the lens used for the projection function, the image projection quality degrades significantly as soon as the lateral offset of the optical axis reaches 50 µm. In addition, it is in practice complicated to dynamically align the position of the elements (which includes the matrix of micromirrors or similar modulating device) during the manufacture of an optical module.
    The manufacturing and positioning tolerances of the elements that make up the optical system can then lead to geometric defects, perceptible on the projection screen internal to the lighting and / or signaling device if the latter has one, or well on a screen placed outside when the lighting and / or signaling device is designed to project a beam directly on the road and does not have an internal projection screen.
    Also, the projection lens most of the time generates other aberrations that blur the images. The phenomenon is accentuated by the abovementioned position shift.
    These geometric defects are accentuated when a large numerical aperture is necessary, for example with a coefficient close to or of the order of 0.7 (wide angle optics). There is therefore a need to provide better optical systems, in particular for a large digital aperture, without resorting to complex and costly parts or imposing tedious and costly adjustment operations to align the elements with one another.
    The invention therefore aims to avoid that the manufacturing tolerances, which are undergone at the time of production, do not translate into geometric defects (significant deformation or excessive displacement relative to the optical axis) of the shaped light beam as '' it arrives on the projection screen before leaving the vehicle or as projected directly onto the road.
    To this end, the invention relates to a method for compensating for geometric defects in a light beam projected by an optical module for a motor vehicle, the optical module comprising:
    - an imaging device, fitted with a high definition pixelated spatial modulator and projection optics,
    - a light source for generating light intended for the modulator,
    - and optionally, a projection screen adapted to receive a light beam transmitted by the projection optics, the method comprising the steps consisting essentially in:
    - receive a first command to display an image to project, intended for the high definition pixelated spatial modulator;
    transform the first display command into a second display command which takes correction parameters into account, the correction parameters being predefined on the basis of an identification of geometric defects which are specific to the projection optics, whereby the modulator is controlled so that the image actually projected by using the imaging device corresponds better to the image to be projected than without taking into account said correction parameters.
    Thanks to these provisions, it is possible to control and adapt the lighting, by providing a compensation effect for faults which dezone certain parts of the beam and / or which distort the appearance of this beam. This process allows, by a selective activation or deactivation of pixels of the modulator and possibly a modulation of the duration of activation of these pixels, adaptation without recourse to any mechanical device or additional part having an impact on the size.
    It is understood that the geometric faults which are specific to the projection optics correspond to all the faults which occur downstream, according to the direction of propagation of the light in the optical module, of the high definition pixelated spatial modulator. These include, slight alignment defects of one or more constituent elements of the projection optics (defects related to tolerances, in particular lateral) and inherent structural defects related to the complex shape of the projection lens .
    The method makes it possible to maintain an efficient method for the mass production of optical modules, leaving a degree of tolerance which facilitates assembly operations and minimizing the manufacturing constraints and the cost of the optical elements (a perfect lens being expensive for example, especially if it is a lens intended for a large digital aperture).
    The best match to the desired image results, of course, from the reduction of deviations or anomalies affecting the perception of the projected image. Typically, the geometric deviations or the variations in line thickness, measured on portions of the image, are reduced.
    Another advantage of the method is that the identification of geometric defects is carried out only once, and therefore does not require any more comparison steps during operation.
    According to an option, the second display command differs in particular from the first display command by the selective activation of all or part of a row of pixels, defined in a margin area (at the edge or on the side of a border) by the modulator.
    According to one particularity, the correction parameters are adapted to modify the activation statuses of the pixels in order to compensate for at least one of the following defects:
    a lateral shift of the contour of the light beam transmitted by the projection optics;
    a deformation of the outline of the light beam transmitted by the projection optics.
    According to a particular feature, the correction parameters compensate for distortion effects by determining in the position offset modulator to be applied selectively for pixel areas previously identified during a calibration phase allowing identification of geometric defects. In practice, these are typically stretching or contraction effects which, due to the discreet side of the modulator, end up being translated by offsets, but also by variations in luminance, i.e. variations in grayscale if we reason in digital image. It should be noted that the expression gray levels applies to the variation in luminance regardless of the effective color of the light beam. Thus it corresponds to an indication of the luminance of the beam, whether it is white or has a color, for example red or amber or of any other color,
    According to another particular feature, the correction parameters and / or the second display command are stored in a memory available to a control unit. Typically, this control unit activates the second display command.
    It is understood that the memory available to the control unit can make it possible to store data representative of the calibration, in particular the correction parameters, and / or one or more predefined images which correspond to the result of the correction.
    According to a particular feature, the correction parameters are obtained after:
    - obtaining, by using at least one test pattern, a determined series of offset information, relating to the differences in position and shape affecting the test pattern as projected (projection on a projection screen internal to the module, adapted to receive a light beam transmitted by the projection optics, or projection directly to the outside),
    - calculation of correction parameters to be applied to the light beam transmitted from the modulator as a function of the determined series of offset information,
    - activation or deactivation of one or more pixels of the modulator according to the correction parameters; this is typically based on a reserve of unused pixels when the system is properly adjusted, pixels that are used for corrections when they require moving (offsets, tolerances) and / or enlarging the image (distortion) which will be projected.
    According to one particularity, to compensate for the distortion (linked to the design of the optics or to the lateral play), the pixels of the modulator are broken down into zones and the offset to be applied for each zone is applied to obtain the good projected shape. The division into zones can make it possible to define at least four zones (optionally of equal surface area), and preferably at least nine zones for example.
    According to a particular feature, a command to display a test pattern is stored in a memory available to the control unit, the test pattern being displayed in a preliminary step of identification and definition of the correction parameters.
    According to one feature, at the level of the modulator, the target preferably extends over a central sector and at least over four complementary sectors of equal size between them, formed around the central sector. It is understood that the target extends partly away from a central area of the pixels of the modulator, which makes it possible to identify certain defects to which correspond correction parameters.
    According to one particular feature, to compensate for blurring, a test pattern defining desired patterns is used and the reduction in the number of active pixels to be applied to the modulator is calculated to project a test pattern which has the same pattern boundaries as for the desired patterns, as well as the ratio of active / inactive pixels to be applied to compensate for the drop in flow linked to the reduction in pixels used. More generally, certain lines will be thinned so that once projected they have the desired thickness. This can improve certain contours, especially those parallel to the target lines.
    A process according to the invention may include one or more of the following characteristics:
    - the modulator has a single power supply input and can selectively activate a number of pixels greater than or equal to 1000.
    - activation is optionally enabled by controlling a movement of a mobile element provided in each micro-mirror of a matrix of micro-mirrors (each mobile micro-mirror having at least two positions, one of which is active and the 'other inactive for lighting).
    the correction parameters are adapted to modify durations or frequencies of activation of the pixels in order to compensate for a loss of sharpness of the projected image, in particular near the periphery of the light beam transmitted by the projection optics (it is allowed to manipulate the luminances or gray levels). The loss of sharpness can, most often, be defined as a widening of the pattern with the appearance of at least one blurred edge.
    - the identification of all or part of the geometric defects includes the following steps:
    a) switch on the light source;
    b) making active a series of pixels defined by the modulator to create a test pattern distributed in different pixel areas of the module, the series of pixels having a contour, continuous or discontinuous, making it possible to define a predefined shape parameter of the test pattern, and
    c) use the test pattern to define all or part of the correction parameters.
    - step c) comprises at least one of the following sub-steps:
    i) compare the shape parameter of the target as projected with the predefined shape parameter, ii) define the correction parameters as a function of comparison results obtained in sub-step i).
    - step c) includes the following sub-steps:
    - estimate a parameter representative of a blur in the target as projected,
    - use at least blur compensation in the correction parameters depending on whether or not a sharpness threshold is exceeded by the estimated parameter.
    According to one particular feature, the beam transmitted from the modulator is of the segmented type with at least one cut.
    According to a particular feature, the beam leaving the optical module is a segmented code type beam (the cut is a horizontal code type cut, for example formed by one or more upper edges of one or more segments of the beam) or of the road type segmented (the cut is a vertical cut, for example formed by one or more lateral edges of one or more segments of the beam).
    According to one option, the segmented beam comprises at least one line of light segment resulting for example from horizontally juxtaposed or partially superimposed segments, each light segment being associated with all or part of a row of selectively activatable pixels, the activation of this row or portion of row of pixels causing said light segment to light up.
    According to one feature, the light source is an electroluminescent element or a group of electroluminescent elements, for example one or more LED diodes. Each of these elements can be connected to a control circuit belonging to the control unit.
    The command of the pixels by the control unit provides flexibility of adjustment and it is understood that this control allows fine adjustment of the projected image (image which can be projected ad infinitum from the projection optics or from the 'projection screen).
    Another object of the invention is to provide a light system to at least partially correct the undesirable deformations in the projected beam, caused by certain manufacturing tolerances of an optical module of the type with high definition pixelated spatial modulator.
    To this end, a light system for a motor vehicle is proposed, allowing the implementation of the method described above, the system comprising:
    - an optical module comprising:
    - an imaging device, fitted with a high definition pixelated spatial modulator and projection optics,
    - a light source for generating light intended for the modulator,
    - and optionally a projection screen adapted to receive a light beam transmitted by the projection optics (screen not provided when the light beam is intended to be projected endlessly, that is to say at a great distance from the lighting system, a distance at least 10 times greater, in particular 20 times greater, in particular 100 times greater than the dimensions of the lighting system);
    - a modulator control unit, designed and arranged to drive the modulator and adapted to receive first display commands, each of the first display commands being representative of an image to be projected;
    the control unit comprising adjustment means for converting each first display command into a second display command which takes into account correction parameters, the correction parameters being predefined on the basis of an identification of faults which are specific to the projection optics, the control unit controlling the modulator according to the second display commands so that the image actually projected by the imaging device corresponds better to the image to be projected than without taking the correction parameters into account.
    According to a particular feature, the high definition pixelated spatial modulator comprises a matrix of micro-mirrors, the micro-mirrors of the matrix of micro-mirrors being each movable between:
    a first position in which the micro-mirror is arranged to reflect, in the direction of the projection optics, light rays reaching it from the light source or from a light emission unit which includes said light source .
    - And a second position in which the micro-mirror is arranged to reflect the light rays reaching it from the light source or from a light emission unit which includes said light source, away from the optics projection (outside the entrance pupil of the projection optics).
    According to one feature, the projection optics defines a large opening angle, for, preferably, a numerical opening greater than 0.5 and preferably greater than 0.7.
    A light system according to the invention may include one or more of the following characteristics:
    - the high definition pixelated spatial modulator is illuminated by the light source in an illuminated area and defines a determined plurality of pixels distributed in parallel rows of pixels, at least one first row of pixels possibly being initially located outside the illuminated area due to oversizing of the spatial modulator.
    - a margin zone to allow oversizing corresponds to a peripheral zone having a frame format, in order to define a surplus of pixels at the top, bottom, left and right of the nominal surface which is sufficient to create the desired image in the absence of geometric defects (in the case of a micro-mirror matrix, an advantage associated with oversizing is also the possibility, if desired, of limiting heating caused by lighting on the non-reflecting edge of the matrix) .
    - the active surface where the pixels are defined may present, in one or more margin areas, a surplus of pixels compared to a pixel format defined in each of the first display commands (this is why it is possible to catch up with a defect of decentering or a barrel distortion, for which the image must be enlarged in the corners or a cushioned distortion for which the image must be dilated towards the center of its edges).
    the control unit is adapted to selectively control the high definition pixelated spatial modulator in order to selectively activate one or more margin zones located along edges or edge portions of the active surface where the pixels are defined, depending correction parameters (of course, the term "activate" can simply mean that one or more pixels / mirrors are switched to the active state).
    - The imaging device is suitable for projecting an outgoing light beam of the segmented type having at least one cut.
    the pixels of the high definition pixelated spatial modulator are distributed along one or parallel to a first axis and define rows parallel to the first axis which are distributed at different levels along a second axis perpendicular to the first axis, knowing that the first axis typically corresponds to a horizontal axis and the second axis corresponds to a substantially vertical axis, in an operating configuration of the light system in a motor vehicle.
    - the control unit has a memory storing the correction parameters and / or information representative of the second display commands.
    According to another particularity, the light system comprises two optical modules each comprising:
    - an imaging device, fitted with a high definition pixelated spatial modulator and projection optics, and
    - a light source for generating light intended for the modulator, each light beam transmitted by one of the projection optics being received on at least one projection screen.
    Preferably, the control unit is configured to control the modulator of each of the two optical modules by taking into account a first set of correction parameters associated with a first of the two optical modules and a second set of correction parameters associated with a second of the two optical modules. Typically, the correction parameters of the first set are predefined on the basis of an identification of geometric defects which are specific to the projection optics in the first optical module, while the correction parameters of the second set are predefined on the basis identification of geometric faults which are specific to the projection optics in the second optical module.
    There may also be provided a motor vehicle lighting and / or signaling light, for projecting at least one light beam, the light comprising: a housing;
    a closing glass; and a light system according to the invention.
    It can also be provided to form a light assembly, which has a first component and a second component formed by:
    two lights;
    - two projectors; or a light and a projector, the light assembly being provided with a light system with two optical modules as mentioned above, the two optical modules being distributed one in the first component and the other in the second component.
    Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear during the following description of several of its embodiments, given by way of nonlimiting examples, with reference to the attached drawings in which:
    - Figure 1 schematically shows an example of a lighting projector for a motor vehicle comprising an optical module and implementing a correction of geometric defects;
    - Figure 2 shows schematically in section a detail of a matrix of micro-mirrors forming the pixelated spatial modulator in high definition, used in the optical module of Figure 1;
    - Figure 3 illustrates in a simplified way the setting of the pixels of the modulator by locating along two axes of the surface of the modulator which is active for the production of the beam leaving the optical module, in order to allow the image actually projected to be adjusted;
    - Figure 4 is a diagram of steps implemented in accordance with a method of compensating for geometric defects according to the invention;
    - Figures 5A and 5B show schematically, respectively, a light distribution which would be correct in the absence of significant geometric defects in the optics, and the light distribution to be effectively configured to obtain the desired photometric rendering, taking into account the defects geometric.
    - Figure 6A illustrates an example of deformation observed between the commanded image and the image which appears on the projection screen of the optical module, in the absence of correction.
    - Figure 6B illustrates, in a detail view of Figure 6A, an example of deformation observed with a blurring effect which makes certain patterns of the projected image thicker.
    In the different figures, the same references designate identical or similar elements. Certain elements may have been enlarged on the drawings, in order to facilitate understanding.
    FIG. 1 represents a first embodiment of an optical module 1 which can form or form part of a light system 5 of a motor vehicle, for example a front light or a rear light. The optical module 1 forms a light emitting device configured to implement one or more functions, some of these functions being subject to photometric regulations.
    The optical module 1 comprises, as illustrated, a light emission unit 20, a matrix of micro-mirrors 6 (or DMD, for “Digital Micromirror Device”), a control unit 16, by example in the form of a controller 16, making it possible to control micro-mirrors 12 of the matrix of micro-mirrors 6 and a projection optics 18 (or shaping optics). The control unit 16 can be optionally relocated, for example to allow the control of several optical modules 1. It is understood that the light system 5 for a motor vehicle can receive commands initiated centrally and corresponding for example to a command from a lighting and / or signaling function or another photometric function.
    A preferred photometric function associated with the optical module 1 is a lighting and / or signaling function visible to a human eye. These photometric functions can be the subject of one or more regulations establishing requirements for colorimetry, intensity, spatial distribution according to a so-called photometric grid, or even ranges of visibility of the light emitted.
    The optical module 1 is for example a lighting device constituting a headlight 10 - or headlight - of a vehicle. It is then configured to implement one or more photometric functions, for example chosen from a low beam function called "code function", a high beam function called "road function", an anti-fog function.
    Alternatively or in parallel, the optical module 1 is a signaling device intended to be arranged at the front or at the rear of the motor vehicle.
    When it is intended to be arranged at the front, the photometric functions that can be implemented by using the optical module 1 (possibly in addition to those that it implements as a lighting device) include a direction change indication function, a daytime running light function known by the acronym DRL, for "Daytime Running Light", a front light signature function, a position light function, a so-called "Side- marker ”, which comes from English and can be translated by side signage.
    When it is intended to be arranged at the rear, these photometric functions include a reversing indication function, a stop function, a fog function, a direction change indication function, a rear light signature function, a lantern function, a side signaling function.
    A light source 2, which is here part of the unit 20, is provided to generate the light rays, which form a radiation R1 directed towards the matrix of micromirrors 6. The light source 2 can consist of an electroluminescent element such as a light emitting diode (or LED) or an LED array. In the case of a group of electroluminescent elements, these are preferably tightened in the same zone comparable to a single source of lighting. A laser diode, if necessary coupled with a collimator system and possibly a wavelength conversion device, can also make it possible to form the radiation R1.
    In the case of a rear light signaling function, the light source 2 may be red. In the case of a function for a front light, the light source 2 is preferably white.
    Although the drawings show a matrix of micro-mirrors 6, it is understood that the light rays emitted by the light source 2 can be directed, by means of suitable optics, to any type of high-definition pixelated spatial modulator 3, which breaks down the received radiation R1 into pixels. In an alternative embodiment, a pixel matrix provided with optically active surfaces in the form of pixels, of the “LCD” type (from the English Liquid Crystal Display), can be used. A device with a transmissive LCD screen may indeed be suitable and, in this case, the optical path of the R1 radiation can be replaced by an optical path internal to the LCD device, if necessary without detours. More generally, it is understood that a first radiation R1 can be received on a surface subdivided in a very fine way to define pixels with a high definition, typically with more than 1280 by 720 pixels, and whose configurations can be modulated. The change of state is preferably allowed for each pixel, in a manner known per se.
    The light emission unit 20 can also be provided with the collimating lens 4 adapted to direct the radiation R1 on the modulator 3. It is also possible, in this unit 20, to have "imaging" optics giving a converging beam.
    In the example illustrated in FIG. 1, it is preferred to use a collimating lens 4 or a set of collimating lenses to receive the light from the light source 2, so that the collimated light is received on an active face, substantially rectangular , of the micro-mirror array 6.
    By way of nonlimiting example, a converging lens can make it possible to carry out collimation. In this case, the light source 2 is advantageously arranged in the vicinity of the focal point of the converging lens in order to ensure a substantially beam-like shape of the light rays of the radiation R1 propagating between the light emission unit 20 and the matrix of micro-mirrors 6. Alternatively or in addition, the light emission unit 20 comprises a reflecting mirror. In this case, the light source 2 is advantageously arranged in the vicinity of the object focus of this reflecting mirror.
    The headlight 10 for a motor vehicle illustrated in FIG. 1 can be housed in a box 14 or be delimited by this box 14. The box 14, as illustrated, comprises a body 14a forming a hollow interior space receiving at least in part the optical module 1. A cover 14b, at least partly transparent, is coupled to the body 14a to close the interior space. As illustrated, the cover 14b also forms a recess, partially receiving the optical module 1, in particular all or part of the projection optics 18.
    The cover 14b is for example made of plastic resin or other suitable plastic. The lighting projector 10 may include several optical modules 1 which are then adapted to emit neighboring beams, the beams preferably overlapping in part. In particular, the lateral ends of the neighboring beams can be superimposed. It is also possible to superimpose the lower edge of one with the upper edge of the other in another distribution of the beams, for example to make beam modifications digitally, and to obtain adaptive driving beam functions of the ADB type. (from English “Adaptive Driving Beam”) and dynamic directional lighting beam known by the acronym DBL (from English “Dynamic Bending Light”).
    Here the projection optics 18 allows the shaping of the reflected radiation R2 after the reflection on the matrix of micro-mirrors 6, making it possible to define an outgoing beam 40. More generally, the imaging device provided in the optical module 1 includes the high definition pixelated spatial modulator 3 and the projection optics 18.
    The matrix of micro-mirrors 6 is for example rectangular, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 3. The matrix of micro-mirrors 6 thus mainly extends in a first direction of extension, between lateral ends 6a, 6b of the matrix of micro-mirrors 6. In a second direction of extension, which may correspond to a vertical dimension (height), there are also two opposite end edges 6c, 6d which are typically parallel to one another.
    As can be seen in FIG. 2, the matrix of micro-mirrors 6 can optionally be covered with a layer CP of protection of micro-mirrors 12 which is transparent. The pivot axis of each of the micro-mirrors 12 can allow, for example, a rotation of plus or minus 10 ° relative to a nominal position without rotation.
    With reference to FIG. 1, the matrix of micro-mirrors 6 is here essentially defined by an electronic chip 7, fixed to a printed circuit board 8 via a suitable socket (or "socket") 9. A cooling device, here a radiator 11, is attached to the printed circuit board 8 to cool the printed circuit board 8 and / or the chip 7 of the micro-mirror array 6. To cool the chip 7 of the array micro-mirrors 6, the radiator 11 may have a projecting relief passing through an opening in the printed circuit board 8 to be in contact with this chip 7, the socket 9 leaving a passage for this projecting relief. A thermal paste or any other means favoring thermal exchanges, accessible to those skilled in the art, can be interposed between the protruding relief and the matrix of micro-mirrors 6.
    The control unit 16 is here connected to the matrix of micro-mirrors 6 or another type of high definition pixelated spatial modulator 3, for example through the printed circuit board 8. The control unit 16 can here control changes in position of each of the micro-mirrors 12 of the micro-mirror array 6. In the case of an LCD-type pixel array, the states of the pixels are also similarly controllable by the control unit 16. Such a control unit 16 can be part of the projector 10 by being integrated in the housing 14 or it can be separated and relocated remotely from the optical module 1.
    It can be considered that the control unit 16 is part of the light system 5 which combines the functions of light projection and correction of the display commands.
    FIG. 6A shows an example of deformation observed in the prior art between the image F1 sent to the modulator 3 and the image F3 which appears on the projection screen E1 of the optical module, in the absence of correction. FIG. 6B further illustrates the problem of blurring with particularly inhomogeneous lighting, creating thinned sub-zones 21 and enlarged sub-zones 22.
    As illustrated in FIG. 1, the control unit 16 is configured to at least partially correct the distortions caused by the imaging optics, by generating a display command F2 which distorts the pattern of pixels to be activated normally on the modulator 3 (pattern corresponding to the initial display command, or first display command F1, a representation of which is visible at the top of FIG. 1). The second display command F2 takes into account correction parameters in order to compensate for distortions, generally caused by defects in the curvature of a lens or other optical element.
    For example, a normally vertical line, as shown in the number 1, could be curved concave to the left by such distortions when projected on the E1 projection screen. To correct this type of distortion, the relevant pixels on modulator 3 which are activated to form this vertical line are changed from pixels which are in a straight line to pixels which are curved concave to the right (or concave to the left, if d ' other optical elements are present which reverse the direction of curvature perceived by the driver). This change is integrated, in the form of a correction parameter, in the display command F2.
    The degree of curvature or compensation for the distortion of the imaging optics which is programmed in the pixels of the modulator 3 can be obtained by using a test pattern M, during an initial calibration phase 50 (cf. FIG. 4) to identify and define the correction parameters.
    To compensate for the centering defect (and possibly the perimeter deformation), the implementation of compensation for this type of image distortion may require a distribution of pixels with a number of pixels greater than that which would be necessary. if no image distortion correction was applied.
    Indeed, while the high definition pixelated spatial modulator 3 is illuminated by the light source 2 in an illuminated area delimited by a perimeter, this modulator 3 can define a determined plurality of pixels 30 distributed in parallel rows of pixels, with a surplus of pixels which is such that at least one first row of pixels can be found situated outside the perimeter of the illuminated area. The modulator 3 is then oversized, for example by a few tens of micrometers or a hundred micrometers, so as to present this type of rows of pixels at the margin. This first row of pixels, distal from a central point of symmetry of the modulator 3, cannot be used. However, due to the oversizing, another distal row of pixels, parallel and opposite to the first row may be used if this is necessary to compensate for geometric defects, in particular a centering defect, affecting the projection. Thus, the second display command F2 can be distinguished from the first display command F1 by the selective activation of all or part of such another distal row of pixels. This is applicable for compensation for a centering defect in the illuminated area on the modulator 3. The control unit 16 can also make it possible to compensate for centering faults in the projection optics (and not upstream elements 4 and 2). In this case, provision is made to illuminate the entire matrix 6, including the reserve pixels (which may then make it possible to correct the distortion).
    With reference to FIG. 1, the control unit 16 can have a memory 16a and adjustment means 17 for modifying the operating state of the pixels defined by the modulator 3. In the case of a micro-matrix mirrors 6, the adjustment means 17 make it possible to control the movement of the micro-mirrors 12. As illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 2, only part of the micro-mirrors 12 which have a first position effectively deflects the radiation R1, arriving from the light source 2 or from a light emission unit 20, for transmitting the light energy in the reflected radiation R2 which is directed towards the projection optics 18. The other micro-mirrors 12 are in a second inactive position (ineffective position for recovering light radiation in the projection optics 18) or possibly outside the illuminated area of the modulator 3.
    Here, in the micro-mirror array 6, each of the micro-mirrors 12 can be moved between:
    - the first position in which the micro-mirror 12 reflects incident light rays of radiation R1 in the direction of the projection optics 18,
    - And the second position in which the micro-mirror 12 transmits by reflection the incident light rays of the radiation R1 away from the projection optics 18, for example towards a device 19 for absorbing radiation which has an absorbent surface from light.
    With reference to FIG. 3, the control unit 16 can define a display command corresponding to a figure or to a pattern 25 on the matrix 6. Here it is a cross but it could be a shape annular, an alphanumeric character or any other geometrical element easily identifiable in the form of coordinates (horizontal coordinates H1, H2, H3, H4, etc. and vertical coordinates V1, V2, V3, V4, etc. as briefly illustrated in Figure 3 ) or vectors. As a function of correction parameters taken into account by the control unit 16, the routine applied by the adjustment means 17 may consist in modifying the position, the shape and / or adjusting the lighting on the zones of the periphery of the pattern. 25 in order to compensate for the distortions and aberrations identified and calibrated during an identification of the geometric defects.
    A vector table can typically be determined during such a step, in order to selectively modify the state of the pixels of the modulator 3. Such a vector table can list micro-mirrors 12 whose activation is to be selectively deleted, which have been determined as corresponding to “excess” light reflection zones in an initial calibration step, micro-mirrors 12 to be selectively activated in addition can also be specified in this table, in correspondence with the determination of light reflection zones "Missing" in the initial calibration step.
    For the case of using a matrix of micro-mirrors 6, the adjustment means 17 thus take into account the vector table so that the active pixels are readjusted. Typically, the memory 16a of the control unit 16 stores the data representative of the shifts in position induced by the geometrical faults specific to the projection optics 18. This data may already include compensations to be applied to correct such shifts or a program can be included in the adjustment means 17 to deduce from this data the compensation to be applied. Such position offset data forms all or part of the correction parameters.
    These data may be accompanied by factors to be applied to the gray levels, or even by linear combination coefficients of the values of the gray levels of the neighboring pixels giving the gray level to be given to the new pixel (displaced pixel). Typically, it is possible to provide that the displacements are calculated for each pixel individually, as well as the factors to be applied to the gray levels, by interpolation of the values found on the few points of the test pattern M.
    For the centering fault, FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the reverse deformation necessary to apply in the second display command F2, in order to compensate simultaneously for the deformation of the type shown in FIG. 6A, observed in the absence of correction.
    With reference to FIG. 4, the method for compensating for geometric defects in the light beam projected by the optical module 1 may have a calibration phase 50, preferably implemented before the first effective use of the optical module 1 in a motor vehicle . In this nonlimiting example, the calibration phase 50 is initiated following a step 60 of switching on the optical module 1, in which a first display command is transmitted to the modulator 3b. This first command here corresponds to a default command, provided without taking into account the assembly or structural hazards specific to the projection optics 18 and therefore only appropriate in the absence of geometric defects.
    The calibration phase 50 begins with step 51 of reception of the first command by the modulator 3. There follows a step 52 of generation of a configuration for using the pixels. FIG. 4 illustrates a case where the first display command essentially results in an offset linked to a centering defect. A step 53 for identifying faults can then begin, preferably by using a test pattern M that it is allowed to observe on the projection screen E1.
    The term "test pattern" is here to be understood in a usual sense in optics. Taking into account the context of lighting decomposing into pixels 30, a test pattern thus generally corresponds to a set of lines / elements of patterns of different widths and orientations. The test pattern M is used here to study in particular the sharpness limits, the deformations and distortion effects which are observed at the time of the projection of the radiation R2 by the projection optics 18.
    During the calibration phase 50, the collection and analysis of the information of position shifts and other aberrations is preferably automated, for example by using sensors and an image processing and fault identification program, by comparison between the expected position of the remarkable points of the test pattern M and the position actually obtained. The test pattern M is for example generated by making active a series of predefined pixels and which has at least one contour, continuous or discontinuous, making it possible to define a shape parameter of the test pattern M.
    Optionally, it is possible to generate a test pattern M which extends over the entire array of micro-mirrors 6, in order to identify the faults as exhaustively as possible. In such a test pattern M, transitions between dark or black pixels and light pixels are preferably numerous and distributed in all the pixel areas, which can then make it possible to generate a pattern 25 which is obviously larger and typically more complex. than that shown by way of illustration in FIG. 3.
    In step 53 for identifying the faults, offset information is identified and a determined series of offset information is generated, relating to the differences in position and shape affecting the test pattern M as projected on the projection screen E1. Then, the correction parameters can be obtained in a step 54 during which the correction parameters, to be applied in order to modify the light beam to be transmitted from the modulator 3, are calculated according to the determined series of information of offset.
    The memory 16a can then store the information representative of these correction parameters. For subsequent requests from the optical module 1, these correction parameters will be systematically taken into account, so as to modify the activation or deactivation of some of the pixels of the modulator 3.
    Typically, by steps 53 and 54, one or more shape parameters of the pattern M as projected can be compared with the predefined shape parameter (s) of the pattern. The results of this comparison make it possible to define at least part of the correction parameters. Distortion of the image outline, for example a local change in curvature, orientation or thickness (blurring) can also be compensated. It can thus be expected to estimate a parameter representative of a blur in the test pattern M as projected. Depending for example on whether or not a sharpness threshold is exceeded by the estimated parameter, an associated compensation can be integrated into the correction parameters. This type of compensation can be applied zone by zone. If the number of active pixels is reduced to limit a blurring effect in a certain area, an active / inactive pixel ratio can be recalculated in this area in order to compensate for the drop in flux linked to the reduction in pixels used. We can correct the thickening of certain lines, which is interesting, for example for line drawing or text.
    The correction parameters can also make it possible, if necessary, to modify durations or frequencies of activation of the pixels 30 of the modulator 3 in order to compensate for a loss of luminance of the projected image F3, in particular near the periphery of the light beam. transmitted by projection optics 18.
    After these steps, the calibration phase 50 can end. Alternatively, one can optionally test the relevance of the correction parameters by repeating steps 52 and 53, which can possibly make it possible to refine the correction parameters. Also, the calibration phase can be broken down into several sub-phases, in particular when the optical module 1 has several operating modes which have an impact on the shape, the cutting or the homogeneity of the desired outgoing beam 40.
    Then, the optical module 1 can operate in a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, by having a control unit 16 which controls the modulator 3, so as to systematically convert the first display command into a second display command which takes into account the correction parameters determined during the calibration phase 50.
    Thus, in the nonlimiting case of FIG. 4, it can be seen that following steps 60 and 61, respectively of switching on the optical module 1 and of reception by the modulator 3 of the first command (ie command without taking into account geometric faults), the control unit 16 recovers in step 55, in the memory 16a, the information representative of the correction parameters. This makes it possible to control the modulator 3 in an adjusted manner, during a step 56 of executing the second display control function.
    Step 62 of generating a configuration for using the pixels, functionally similar to step 52, then leads to customizing the use of the modulator 3 to compensate for the geometric defects specifically identified during the calibration phase 50.
    With reference to FIGS. 5A and 6A, one can see a visible effect of distortion which can affect the projection of a horizontal or cut-off delimitation 35. The projected image F3, may have a lighting defect, for example in the corners of the projection screen E1 (offset on the edges, visible in FIG. 6A). When the optical module 1 has such geometrical defects, here for a segmented beam, the method can be implemented so that the use of the pixels 30 is reorganized with a demarcation of the delimitations between the active pixels to form the radiation R2 and the inactive pixels. Here in this nonlimiting example, the pixels 30 are numerous enough to be able to correspond to a resolution of less than 1 °, preferably of the order of 0.1 ° or less. In addition, the upper area of the modulator 3 may have a surplus of pixels 30 compared to the pixel requirements initially planned, in order to have the margin necessary to apply the corrective effect.
    The process illustrated in Figure 4 or a similar process is then applied to take into account the correction parameters, in order to compensate for the distortion effect shown on the right of Figure 6A. In practice, here for a corner area of the micro-mirror matrix 6, the lighting of the pixels which was provided with the horizontal delimitation at a height level A0, as visible in FIG. 5A, is modified. By the effect of converting the first display command into a second display command, it is then possible to obtain, for the same corner area, a very different distribution of pixels 30, illustrated in FIG. 5B. Here, the separation at the height level A0 is replaced by a gradient with a gradual rise in the height level of the pixels 30 made active, up to a maximum height level A1. The added row portions LP1, LP2 and LP3 compensate for the lack of lighting located in the corner areas. With reference to FIG. 5B, the margin zone Z1 which has been added results from the definition of the correction parameters obtained during the calibration phase 50. This example for the margin zone Z1 is taken in the upper left corner of this which is shown in Figure 6A.
    Of course, other areas of the matrix of micro-mirrors 6 can be treated by subtraction of pixels 30, to avoid excess lighting. Indeed, the control unit 16 associated with the optical module 1 can also delete or add pixels 30, for example in the form of lines or portions of rows of pixels LP1, LP2, LP3, columns or column portions of pixels .
    After implementation and taking into account of the correction parameters, in particular during each use of the optical module 1 in a motor vehicle of the optical module 1, the image F3 projected on the screen E1 is more consistent with the desired image of the first display command F1. In certain cases where the optical module 1 is used for lighting purposes (in particular in the case of high beam or code lights), the fact of neutralizing or attenuating pixels 30 makes it possible to ensure that distortions or effects distortion does not dazzle participants in traffic, or only within regulatory limits.
    The memory 16a can optionally make it possible to store a default configuration state of the micro-mirrors 12 and this state can be modified by taking into account the correction parameters. Such a change then corresponds to a modification of the display command. Of course, the way of adjusting the distribution between active pixels and inactive pixels, by modifying the display command, can be carried out according to numerous variants.
    The method of correcting / compensating for geometric defects can operate to correct both an off-center and one or more distortions, and where appropriate certain more localized aberrations.
    One of the advantages of the optical module 1 is that it makes it possible to project a light beam which can be homogeneous, so that the projection optics 18 of this optical module 1 is perceived as perfectly assembled, without actually resorting to a mode of production and assembly which would be tedious or excessively expensive.
    It should be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention allows embodiments in many other specific forms without departing from the scope of the invention as claimed.
    Thus, while the optical module 1 has been illustrated for a case in which the projection screen E1 is defined internally with respect to the transparent wall forming the crystal of the transparent cover 14b, it is understood that part of the transparent cover 14b or another element forming part of the external housing 14 can define the projection screen. The projection optics 18 can for example be focused on a film formed on the external side of the glass rather than on a separate screen.
    Also, additional functions can be implemented as required. For example, in the context of wide angle optical imagery (numerical aperture of 0.5 or 0.6 or 0.7, by way of nonlimiting example), it is understood that an indication or marking within the outgoing light beam 40. The use of a high-definition pixelated spatial modulator 3 and the correction of aberrations makes it possible to form characters (letters, numbers or the like) with sufficient resolution to display messages or pictograms which are for example representative of the activation of a functionality or of a vehicle operating context for the attention of persons external to the vehicle.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Method for compensating for geometric defects in a light beam projected by an optical module (1) of a motor vehicle, the optical module (1) comprising:
    - an imaging device, provided with a high definition pixelated spatial modulator (3) and with projection optics (18),
    - a light source (2) for generating light intended for the modulator (3), the method comprising the steps consisting essentially in:
    - receive a first display command (F1) of an image to be projected, intended for the modulator (3);
    - transform the first display command (F1) into a second display command (F2) which takes correction parameters into account, the correction parameters being predefined on the basis of an identification of geometric defects which are specific to projection optics (18), whereby the modulator (3) is controlled so that the image actually projected (F3) by using the imaging device corresponds better to the image to be projected than without taking into account said correction parameters.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Method according to claim 1, in which the second display command (F2) differs in particular from the first display command (F1) by the selective activation of all or part of a row (LP3) of pixels (30), defined in a margin area by the modulator (3).
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the correction parameters are adapted to modify the activation statuses of the pixels (30) defined by the modulator (3), in order to compensate for at least one of the following faults. :
    a lateral shift of the outline of the light beam transmitted by the projection optics (18);
    a deformation of the outline of the light beam transmitted by the projection optics (18).
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the correction parameters are adapted to modify durations or frequencies of activation of the pixels (30) of the modulator (3) in order to compensate for a loss of sharpness of the projected image (F3), in particular near the periphery of the light beam transmitted by the projection optics (18).
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the correction parameters and / or the second display command (F2) are stored in a memory (16a) available to a control unit (16) , the control unit (16) being adapted to activate the second display command (F2).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Light system (5) of a motor vehicle, allowing the implementation of the method according to any one of the preceding claims, the system (5) comprising:
    - an optical module (1) comprising:
    - an imaging device, provided with a high definition pixelated spatial modulator (3) and with projection optics (18),
    a light source (2) for generating light intended for the modulator (3), and
    - a control unit (16), designed and arranged to drive the modulator (3) and adapted to receive first display commands (F1), each of the first display commands (F1) being representative of an image to be plan;
    the control unit (16) comprising adjustment means (17) for converting each first display command (F1) into a second display command (F2) which takes into account correction parameters, the parameters of correction being predefined on the basis of an identification of geometric faults which are specific to the projection optics (18), the control unit (16) controlling the modulator (3) as a function of the second display commands (F2 ) so that the image actually projected (F3) by the imaging device corresponds better to the image to be projected than without taking the correction parameters into account.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. The system as claimed in claim 6, in which the high definition pixelated spatial modulator (3) comprises an array of micro-mirrors (6), the micromirrors (12) of the array of micro-mirrors (3) being each movable between :
    - A first position in which the micro-mirror (12) is arranged to reflect light rays (R1) reaching it from the light source (2) or from a light ray emission unit (20) which includes said light source (2), in the direction of the projection optics (18),
    - And a second position in which the micro-mirror (12) is arranged to reflect the light rays (R1) reaching it from the light source (2) or from a light ray emission unit (20) which includes the said light source (2), away from the projection optics (18).
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. The system as claimed in claim 7, in which the control unit (16) has a memory (16a) storing the correction parameters and / or information representative of the second display commands (F2).
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. The system of claim 7 or 8, wherein the imaging device is adapted to project an outgoing light beam (40) of segmented type having at least one cut.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. System according to any one of claims 7 to 9, comprising two optical modules (1) each comprising:
    - an imaging device, provided with a high definition pixelated spatial modulator (3) and with projection optics (18), and
    - a light source (2) for generating light intended for the modulator (3), each light beam transmitted by one of the projection optics (18) being received on at least one projection screen (E1), the unit control (16) being adapted to control the modulator (3) of each of the two optical modules (1) taking into account a first set of correction parameters associated with a first of the two optical modules (1) and a second set of correction parameters associated with a second of the two optical modules, the correction parameters of the first set being predefined on the basis of an identification of geometric defects which are specific to the projection optics (18) in the first optical module, while that the correction parameters of the second set are predefined on the basis of an identification of geometric defects which are specific to the projection optics (18) in the second module o ptical.
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Lighting and / or signaling light of a motor vehicle to project at least one light beam, the light comprising:
    a housing ;
    a closing glass; and a lighting system according to any one of claims 6 to 10.
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. Light assembly, having a first component and a second component formed by:
    two lights;
    - two projectors; or a light and a projector, the light assembly comprising a system according to claim 10, said two optical modules (1) being distributed one in the first component and the other in the second component.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20190116345A1|2019-04-18|
    CN109668115A|2019-04-23|
    CN109668115B|2021-09-21|
    JP2019142474A|2019-08-29|
    KR20190041940A|2019-04-23|
    US11025873B2|2021-06-01|
    EP3471409A3|2019-07-17|
    FR3072531B1|2021-01-29|
    EP3471409A2|2019-04-17|
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    法律状态:
    2019-04-19| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20190419 |
    2019-10-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2020-10-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2021-10-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1759633A|FR3072531B1|2017-10-13|2017-10-13|METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR SELECTIVELY ADJUSTING PIXELS, IN AN OPTICAL MODULE, TO REDUCE GEOMETRIC FAULTS DUE TO MANUFACTURING TOLERANCES|
    FR1759633|2017-10-13|FR1759633A| FR3072531B1|2017-10-13|2017-10-13|METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR SELECTIVELY ADJUSTING PIXELS, IN AN OPTICAL MODULE, TO REDUCE GEOMETRIC FAULTS DUE TO MANUFACTURING TOLERANCES|
    EP18196939.5A| EP3471409A3|2017-10-13|2018-09-26|Method and system selectively adjusting pixels, in an optical module, to compensate for geometrical faults due to manufacturing tolerances|
    KR1020180121478A| KR20190041940A|2017-10-13|2018-10-12|Method and system for selectively adjusting pixels, in an optical module, in order to amend geometric defects due to manufacturing tolerances|
    US16/158,531| US11025873B2|2017-10-13|2018-10-12|Method and system for selectively adjusting pixels, in an optical module, in order to amend geometric defects due to manufacturing tolerances|
    JP2018193810A| JP2019142474A|2017-10-13|2018-10-12|Method and system for selectively adjusting pixels, in optical module, in order to amend geometric defects due to manufacturing tolerances|
    CN201811199584.4A| CN109668115B|2017-10-13|2018-10-15|Method for correcting geometrical defects in a projected light beam|
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