• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method for measuring the wear of the discs (2) of an aircraft brake (1) provided with a wear indicator (6) mounted movably on a fixed part of the brake (1) and moving as the discs wear. The method comprises using a camera (8) to take at least one photograph of the wear indicator, and analyzing the photograph to estimate a position of the wear indicator and deduce a wear therefrom. some discs.
    公开号:FR3068098A1
    申请号:FR1755828
    申请日:2017-06-26
    公开日:2018-12-28
    发明作者:Baptiste Arribe
    申请人:Safran Landing Systems SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a method for measuring the wear of the brake discs of an aircraft.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    The brakes of modern aircraft include a stack of discs (also called a heat sink) which are pressed against each other by means of pistons or plungers to generate a braking moment capable of slowing down the wheel with which the brake is associated. The discs are likely to wear out with each braking and it is important to know their state of wear to plan their replacement by a stack of discs of adequate thickness. In this regard, the brakes are generally equipped with at least one wear indicator which is slidably mounted on a fixed part (for example the hydraulic crown of the brake) and which is required to come into contact with the face of the facing discs. pistons of the brake, so that it moves in its housing as the discs wear. Its position is therefore indicative of the state of wear of the disc stack.
    To give an order of magnitude, the heat sinks are typically changed after 2000 to 4000 landings, which depending on the rate of use of the aircraft, represents one year of operation of the aircraft. During this time, the disc stack has lost 5 to 6 centimeters in thickness.
    The operators responsible for maintenance regularly check the position of the wear indicator (typically at a weekly frequency) to check the state of wear of the discs, and replace them with new discs if the wear indicator reaches a maximum wear position. It is an elementary process, reliable, but does not allow to precisely estimate the current wear of the discs of the brake inspected. This process makes it difficult to automatically monitor the wear of the brake discs of a given aircraft.
    To improve monitoring of the brakes in service, it was proposed in document US2009 / 0205910 to replace this wear indicator with a wear sensor capable of generating at any time a signal representative of the state of wear of the discs. . However, such a sensor requires an expensive specific development. It must be very reliable, not to break, not to drift. The environmental conditions for its operation are severe: vibrations, carbon dust, spraying with liquids, high temperatures. In addition, all aircraft have several braked wheels, therefore several brakes, for example four (A320, B737), eight (A330, B787), twelve (B777), sixteen (B747 or A380) braked wheels, and it is important to distinguish all wear signals from multiple brakes, to associate them with the right heat sink. Finally, such a sensor involves a modification of the brakes in service, a modification of the electrical wiring reaching the level of the brakes, which generates significant requalification costs, and involves modification campaigns of the aircraft in service.
    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    The invention aims to propose a method for measuring wear of aircraft brake discs, allowing reliable monitoring of wear, but not requiring modification of the current brakes.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    With a view to achieving this aim, a method for measuring the wear of the discs of an aircraft brake is provided, provided with a wear indicator mounted movably on a fixed part of the brake and moving progressively. measurement of disc wear. The method of the invention comprises taking at least one photograph of the wear indicator, while the aircraft is stationary on the ground and analyzing the photograph to estimate a position of the wear indicator.
    The analysis of each of the photographs can be done directly by the camera which served to take the photograph. Alternatively, the photograph can be sent for storage and analysis to a remote receiver, for example an airline or brake manufacturer maintenance server. In practice, the photograph can be taken by the operator using a simple smartphone.
    By associating the estimate of wear with a number of flights made by the aircraft at the time of shooting, it is then possible to follow the wear of the discs during their lifetime and thus verify the proper functioning of the brakes, or generate statistics on the use of brakes. The number of flights performed can be entered by the operator, or deducted from flight data provided by the company.
    Preferably, the method comprises entering into the camera the identifier of the aircraft (for example its registration) and the position of the brake to be photographed. On the basis of these data, the method then comprises the step of generating a mask which is displayed on a display screen of the camera, so that the operator can make the mask and the image coincide viewed through the camera lens. This shooting aid considerably facilitates the analysis of the photograph, since it is taken at a substantially identical angle and distance each time.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be better understood in the light of the description which follows with reference to the figures of the appended drawings, among which:
    - Figure 1 is a perspective view of an aircraft brake known per se, equipped with a wear indicator;
    - Figure 2 is a view of a camera used by an operator for the implementation of the method of the invention, during shooting;
    - Figure 3 is a partial view of the brake of Figure 1 at the wear indicator.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION As illustrated in FIG. 1, a typical aircraft brake 1 comprises a torsion tube on which a stack of discs (or heat sink) 2 comprising stator discs 2A and rotor discs 2B is threaded to extend between a hydraulic crown 3 carrying pistons 4 and a rear plate fixed to the other end of the tube. The brake thus formed is threaded onto the axle of an aircraft undercarriage which receives a wheel, the rim of which comprises bars for driving the rotor discs 2B in rotation. The brake 1 is equipped with a wear indicator 6 (there are often two on a brake), here a simple metal rod mounted sliding on the hydraulic crown 3, and required to remain in contact with the disc stack , so that the wear indicator moves back as the discs wear out. The indicator can for example be coupled to a thrust plate disposed on the front of the heat sink 2, or be pushed towards the first stator by a spring. All this is well known and is only given by way of illustration.
    According to the invention, the maintenance operator who wishes to know the state of wear of the disk stack approaches the brake concerned with a camera 8, here a simple smartphone. The procedure of the invention comprises the following steps:
    - The operator starts an on-board application dedicated to wear measurement and installed on the camera;
    - The operator enters the identifier of the aircraft (for example its registration), and the position of the brake on the aircraft whose wear it wishes to measure;
    - As illustrated in FIG. 2, the application presents on the screen of the camera 8 a mask 10 specific to the brake thus identified, here a series of outlines in dotted lines;
    - The operator moves the camera 8 to place it so that the contour of the hydraulic crown 3 and the wear indicator 6 as seen by the lens of the camera and displayed on the display screen of the device coincides with the stylized contours of the mask 10;
    - Once the camera has been placed correctly, the operator takes the photograph, for example by pressing the virtual button 11 on the screen. The correct placement can, if necessary, be confirmed by the emission of an audible signal or even by highlighting the contours of the mask 10. Alternatively, the photograph can be triggered automatically as soon as it is identified that the camera shooting is correctly placed;
    - After validation of the photograph, it is analyzed to estimate the position of the wear indicator and therefore the wear of the heat sink discs.
    The analysis of the photograph is very much facilitated by the fact that the angle of view and the distance from the camera to the brake is identical from one photograph to another. Only the position of the wear indicator should be identified in a substantially constant visual environment. Simple visual recognition algorithms can then be used to reliably determine the position of the wear indicator. It is then immediate to associate with this position a wear of the stack of discs 2. The analysis of the photography can be carried out directly by the application on board the camera. Alternatively, the photograph can be sent automatically for analysis to a maintenance server, belonging for example to the airline or the brake manufacturer. The analysis of the photograph is then carried out remotely.
    It is therefore possible to constitute a database associating, for each brake or heat sink, the identifier of the aircraft position on the aircraft, on which it is mounted, its the multiple photographs taken and the associated estimates d wear, dates, time and geolocation of photographs, the number of flights made by the aircraft at the time of photography.
    This database makes it possible to follow the wear of each heat sink, to follow the overall wear of the heat sinks of a given aircraft, or to establish wear statistics by aircraft, by line served, by fleet of a company ... and allows to plan in advance an action to replace the brakes taking into account the foreseeable evolution of the wear of the heat sinks.
    In practice, the database also contains the serial number of each of the heat sinks of each of the brakes so that the wear data can be associated with the corresponding heat sink.
    The method of the invention therefore allows much richer processing of wear data from heat sinks, at the cost of developing a relatively simple application, without modifying existing brakes or developing an on-board wear sensor.
    According to a particular aspect of the invention, and to facilitate the analysis of the photograph, the free end of the wear indicator is fitted with an easily identifiable and localizable visual cue, for example a sphere 9 visible in FIG. 3 To improve its location, the sphere 9 is preferably painted in high contrast color, like fluorescent orange. To further facilitate the identification of the wear indicator on the photograph, the operator can locally clean the crown which is generally painted white to increase the contrast between the crown and the wear indicator.
    The invention is not limited to what has just been described, but on the contrary encompasses any variant coming within the scope defined by the claims.
    In particular, although the described method includes the step of displaying a mask on the display screen to facilitate the positioning of the camera, we can do without this step if the analysis algorithm image is sufficiently perfected to identify the wear indicator and its position regardless of the angle of view and the distance from the camera to the brake concerned.
    Similarly, although the method described comprises the entry of an aircraft identifier, this data can be obtained by other means such as geolocation, or the reception of an identification signal emitted by the aircraft himself.
    Likewise, although the method described includes entering the position of the brake on the aircraft, this data can be obtained by other means. In particular, it is possible to ask the operator to respect a sequence of photographs of the brakes, so as to systematically identify which brake is photographed. For example, on an aircraft with four brakes of the A320 or B737 type, the operator will be asked to photograph the brakes in the order of their numbering (brakes from 1 to 4, starting from the left outer brake until the brake outside right), taking care to let him indicate if he changes the brake before each new photograph.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Method for measuring the wear of the discs (2) of an aircraft brake (1) fitted with a wear indicator (6) mounted movably on a fixed part of the brake (1) and moving as and as the discs wear out, characterized in that it comprises the use of a camera (8) to take at least one photograph of the wear indicator while the aircraft is stationary at ground, and the analysis of the photograph to estimate a position of the wear indicator and to deduce a wear of the discs.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Method according to claim 1, comprising the entry of an identifier of the aircraft, the entry of the position of the brake concerned, and the presentation on a display screen of the camera of a specific mask (10) to assist in the correct placement of the camera opposite the brake concerned by aligning an outline of part of the brake and / or of the wear indicator as visible on the display screen with the mask, before taking the photograph.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Method according to claim 1, in which the analysis of the photograph is carried out by an analysis algorithm installed in the camera.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Method according to claim 1, in which the estimate of the position of the wear indicator is stored in a database being associated with an identifier of the aircraft and the position of the brake on the aircraft.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Method according to claim 2, in which the estimation of the position of the wear indicator is associated with at least one of the following data:
    - the date and time of the photograph;
    - geolocation of photography;
    - the number of flights made by the aircraft at the time of the photograph.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. The method of claim 1, wherein the estimate of the position of the wear indicator is sent to a remote server for storage and statistical analysis.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. The method of claim 1, wherein the wear indicator is equipped with a visual mark (9) identifiable in the photograph.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US11001399B2|2021-05-11|
    FR3068098B1|2019-08-23|
    US20180370656A1|2018-12-27|
    EP3421834A1|2019-01-02|
    引用文献:
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    US20090205910A1|2008-02-14|2009-08-20|Eric Daniel Cahill|Brake wear measurement system|
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    US10937006B2|2017-06-09|2021-03-02|The Boeing Company|Method and system for evaluating corrosion loss|
    FR3068098B1|2017-06-26|2019-08-23|Safran Landing Systems|METHOD FOR MEASURING BRAKE DISC WEAR OF AN AIRCRAFT|
    US10941826B2|2018-09-12|2021-03-09|Honeywell International Inc.|Determining estimated remaining use of brake assembly|IT201700032900A1|2017-03-24|2018-09-24|Texa Spa|SYSTEM, METHOD AND MULTIFUNCTIONAL APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING THE PROFILE OF A BRAKE DISC AND THE PROFILE OF A TIRE OF A VEHICLE|
    FR3068098B1|2017-06-26|2019-08-23|Safran Landing Systems|METHOD FOR MEASURING BRAKE DISC WEAR OF AN AIRCRAFT|
    US11215436B2|2018-11-08|2022-01-04|Honeywell International Inc.|Measuring the length of a wear indicator|
    法律状态:
    2018-12-28| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20181228 |
    2019-05-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2020-05-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2021-05-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1755828|2017-06-26|
    FR1755828A|FR3068098B1|2017-06-26|2017-06-26|METHOD FOR MEASURING BRAKE DISC WEAR OF AN AIRCRAFT|FR1755828A| FR3068098B1|2017-06-26|2017-06-26|METHOD FOR MEASURING BRAKE DISC WEAR OF AN AIRCRAFT|
    EP18178357.2A| EP3421834A1|2017-06-26|2018-06-18|Method for measuring wear of the brake discs of an aircraft|
    US16/017,461| US11001399B2|2017-06-26|2018-06-25|Method of measuring aircraft brake disk wear|
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