• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an installation tool (O) for a blind fastener (100) comprising a rod (110) on which an external body (120) is threaded, said external body (120) comprising a deformable portion (140) for purposes for creating a bulb under the action of the stem (110), the stem (110) comprising a rupture groove (114), remarkable in that it comprises a laying member (200) cooperating with said rod (110) and a placement check member (300) cooperating with said head (121) of the outer body (120), - the delivery member (200) having an action on the stem (110) for bulb creation purposes until rupture of the rod (110) at the rupture groove (114), - the laying check member (300) subjecting the detachable portion (122) of the head (121) of the outer body (120) to stress torsion by a shock-type rotation drive to break the thinned portion (123) of the outer body (120), the rupture resulting from a good installation and absence of failure resulting from improper installation. The invention also relates to a laying method and a suitable blind fastening. Applications: installation of blind fasteners.
    公开号:FR3067268A1
    申请号:FR1755177
    申请日:2017-06-09
    公开日:2018-12-14
    发明作者:Pierre Auriol；Jean-Luc Marquez；Vincent Brandon；Bertrand Jehenne
    申请人:ERIS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    TOOL FOR BLIND FASTENING, METHOD FOR FITTING AND BLIND FASTENING THEREOF
    FIELD OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to the field of blind fasteners and in particular to installation tools for ensuring their installation in the best conditions.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
    Until now, the majority of primary aeronautical structures (such as the fuselage, wings, empennage, etc.) are assembled by screwed and / or crimped links. The so-called “lockbolts” screws and fixings used are characterized by “flush” heads which do not come flush with the structure very much and do not have a recessed imprint.
    The field of aeronautical fasteners must nevertheless today be able to adapt to new demands concerning assemblies of aeronautical structures. The use of composite materials in primary structural areas requires the design of new structural fasteners with high mechanical performance without damaging the composite material. In addition, the high production rates make it necessary to resort to automating the assembly of primary structures, such as fuselage sections, or wing / fuselage junctions. Aircraft manufacturers are therefore now turning to “blind” and “single-side” or “one-side” type fasteners to provide the primary junctions, that is to say at high constraints in aeronautical assemblies. By their design, the installation of blind fasteners has the advantage of being relatively automated. However, it requires additional means in order not to damage the composite materials hosting said fasteners which must be aerodynamic and viable.
    A blind binding is conventionally composed of a central rod - or screw - allowing, by rotation or traction thereof, to deform one end of an external body on the blind side of the assembly in order to form a bulb. This external body
    - 2 is threaded on the rod and can be in one piece or composed of several portions including a movable deformable portion.
    A blind fastener therefore has the advantage of being installed in a bore with access to only one side of the assembly. The external body includes a head bearing against the assembly on the accessible side. The rod is conventionally preformed with a rupture groove so that once a predefined stress threshold is reached, the rod breaks. This feature prevents the rod from protruding after the attachment is installed.
    The use of blind fixings on external primary structures nevertheless raises the problem of controlling the installation without having access to the blind side. We distinguish a good installation from a bad one, in particular by the level of compression induced in the assembly. Good bulb formation and non-deformation of the head are also criteria.
    The tension installed in the assembly (compressive stress in the assembly and tensile in the binding) must be at least 50% of the theoretical breaking limit in axial traction of the binding. For example, for a fastening with a theoretical tensile breaking limit of 1335 daN, the installed tension must be at least 667 daN. The control of a good installation, therefore of a good level of compression of the sheets, must be able to be implemented in the installation of a blind fixing.
    Another parameter is that the second bearing, namely the elastic limit of the fixing must be equal to 75% of the theoretical breaking limit in axial tension.
    In addition, conventional structural blind fasteners generally have a series of imprints (cruciform, notched, for the most common) on the head of the external body making it possible to carry out the support functions during installation and sometimes of control. The entire fastening is held stationary by the fixed part of the installation tool, by means of said imprints. However, this type of imprint has a significant aerodynamic impact which it is necessary to take into account when these fasteners are intended for external aeronautical structures. In other words, the installation of a blind fastening can be done to the detriment of the aerodynamic qualities (imprint
    -3 aerodynamics, drag) and cosmetics (visual appearance after painting) of the head of the binding.
    The blind countersunk head fasteners available on the market today present various indentations necessary for fitting the fastener. There are also blind fixings with protruding footprints.
    An alternative to the presence of fingerprints is described in document US228271. This document describes a blind attachment with an external body comprising a head equipped with a protruding but detachable portion. The head has a geometry which allows it to cooperate with a tool to be maintained during installation. Once the attachment has been placed and the rod broken, the protruding head portion is then detached by the application of a torsional force on the head.
    Document WO2013043673 describes a blind fixing element comprising a central bolt, a body and a blind retaining element (or sheath) placed on the central bolt, which can be inserted through an opening, the movement of the central bolt relative to the body causing an increase in the contact surface with a rear surface. The fastening element comprises an extension of the body provided with a clamping surface and an undercut formed between the body and the clamping surface, which is optionally designed to break when a torque equal to the sum is applied. the minimum fitting torque specified by the application and the maximum manufacturing tolerance torque for the undercut.
    In this second document, a method of fixing installation is also described which uses the detachable head part to check the installed torque by applying a twist to the detachable part and by separating the extension from the body by breaking the weakened part at this effect. The applied torsion is then greater than the minimum installed torque specified for fixing.
    If the installed fastener turns in the opening before the extension is separated from the body, the fastener is removed and replaced. However, the use of a torque installed in the binding as a parameter for verifying a good assembly may not be considered sufficient. Indeed, the torque installed in the binding depends on the friction conditions which vary according to
    -4the assembled materials, the possible presence of lubricant or any material interposed between the fixing and the assembly. This installed torque also depends on the diameter of the bulb obtained by deformation.
    The document also describes a method of dressing the fastening element in place, comprising machining through the upper surface of the fastening element, along a longitudinal axis of the central bolt of the fastening element and from the extension going from the external body of the fixing element to the intersection with the undercut formed between the external body and the extension, to remove the extension.
    The document EP2505655 describes a blind fastening comprising a body with an apparent face at a first end, traversed by a bore receiving a rod, a first end of which protrudes from the apparent face and the other end of which comprises a head capable of deforming a deformation zone when the rod translates, the visible face comprising holding means for immobilizing in rotation the blind attachment relative to a tool used to drive the rod in rotation, said holding means comprising at least one lug attached to the level of the visible face and projecting from the latter. This lug of the binding is connected to the body by a junction zone capable of breaking when the lug undergoes a force greater than a given threshold. A preferred embodiment proposes a configuration with several pins to distribute the forces. Similarly, a fitting tool cooperating with said lugs is described.
    It is difficult in this case to guarantee the rupture of all the pins. The variability of the counter-torque at the installation means that the lug (s) must be the subject of a specific dimensioning which is difficult to define. In addition, the plurality of pins requires the management of as many parts. Finally the translation of the rod defines a random positioning of the rupture zone of the rod according to the variable thicknesses of the assemblies. Given the variation in thicknesses to be clamped, it is impossible not to provide for a systematic leveling phase.
    Indeed, although such fixings do not have fingerprints, they can on the contrary have volumes in
    -5 projection resulting from the rupture. Thus, whether for this fixing or for those described in the documents cited above, the hazards linked to the rupture with regard to the fixing part remaining in place and projecting relative to the surface of the elements to be assembled, may require the establishment of a machining phase for the purpose of eliminating any protrusion.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    On the basis of this fact, the applicant has carried out research having as its object a tool for fitting a blind fixing such as that described, namely comprising a portion of the head of the external detachable body in order to take advantage of the advantages of such fixing without have the disadvantages.
    This research led to the design and production of a new installation tool allowing the installation of such fasteners in better conditions.
    The tool of the invention ensures the installation of a blind fixing comprising a rod on which an external body is threaded, the external body comprising a head and a detachable portion connected to said head by means of a thinned portion of external body. , the external body comprising one or more parts, said external body comprising a deformable portion for the purpose of creating a bulb under the action of the rod, the action of the rod possibly being by rotation or by traction, the rod comprising a rupture groove which breaks from a predefined stress threshold, the installation process consisting in carrying out the following operations:
    - positioning of the fixing in a hole passing through an assembly,
    - maintaining the fixation in the hole,
    - creation of a bulb for the purpose of fixing the assembly,
    - stem break,
    - rupture of the detachable portion of the head of the external body. The fitting tool is remarkable in that it comprises a fitting member cooperating with said rod and a fitting verification member cooperating with said head of the external body,
    - 6- the fitting member having an action on the stem for the purpose of creating the bulb until the stem breaks at the level of the breaking groove, the fitting verification member retaining the detachable portion of the head of the external body during the action of the laying member on the rod,
    the verification member subjecting the detachable portion of the head of the external body to a torsional stress by a rotational drive of the shock type which allows the production of a significant dynamic force produced in a very short time by subjecting said portion detachable from the head of the external body to at least one impact in a direction of rotation for the purpose of rupture of the thinned portion of the external body, the rupture resulting from a good installation and the absence of rupture resulting from a bad installation .
    Such a fitting tool makes it possible to implement a check after fitting (keying) of the correct installation according to the criteria sought for such a blind fixing without imprint by ensuring the correct positioning of the fixing by breaking the detachable part of the head of the external body.
    Such a tool also allows installation in good conditions with regard to the rupture of the detachable parts. The shock drive technology prevents any protrusion requiring a straightening or leveling operation. Indeed, an impact drive will ensure a frank rupture of the detachable part. In addition, by subjecting the detachable part of the head of the external body to a specific torsional stress and according to a very high torque, this drive technology makes it possible to better take into account the tension installed in the assembly and therefore better s '' ensure the latter by breaking the detachable part.
    The visual absence of a projecting element thus guarantees good installation. Conversely, if the detachable part of the head of the external body remains present, the installation was not carried out in good conditions such as a bad installed tension, a badly formed bulb or a deformed head. It is thus possible to ensure a visual verification of correct installation for each attachment from outside the assembly.
    -7The impact drive is known in the field of wrenchers called impact wrenches. In certain embodiments, it implies a notion of angle of rotation "in a vacuum" which makes it possible to guarantee a shock or rather a minimum dynamic force produced in a very short time. This means of setting in motion is used for operations of screwing and unscrewing of bolts requiring great power. It is not known as a means of breaking an element for the purpose of verifying the correct installation of a fastener. It is therefore a question of the new use of a known means. In addition, shock driving is not recommended in aeronautical applications because the stress in the fixing is poorly controlled due to the use of shocks.
    A tool bringing together a setting member acting on a blind fixing rod and a checking member consisting of an impact drive means the purpose of which is to obtain a rupture, is also not known.
    According to another particularly advantageous characteristic of the invention, the fitting member ensures rotation of the rod for the purpose of creation by screwing the bulb until the rod breaks at its rupture groove. The implementation of a torsional stress prevents the axial displacement in translation of the rod and ensures precise positioning of the rupture zone as close as possible to the surface of the assembly and despite possible variations in the thickness of the 'assembly. If such a characteristic participates in obtaining a fixation posed with a small aerodynamic footprint and a smooth cosmetic appearance, it generates a new difficulty. Indeed, the rupture of the outer body portion connecting the detachable part to the rest of the outer body is in no way obvious. During the first tightening phase, the external body must be able to not turn. The detachable part of the head of the external body then supports a counter torque. However, the vagaries of a screwed fastening (due to the materials, friction, etc.) mean that the torque transmitted to the external body during tightening by screwing (counter torque) can vary from 30 to 70% (constituent thus a lack of repeatability).
    The variability of the laying torques and the problem of sliding during the second break are technical problems which have not been raised and a fortiori resolved by the prior art.
    --8 The plaintiff conducted research in order to obtain the desired technical effect. The curves below represent forces during installation.
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    The two curves shown in short dashed lines and located under the upper curve are the two curves representing the extreme vagaries of the counter torque experienced by the thinned portion connecting the detachable portion to the head of the external body. These two curves depend on the engine torque represented by said upper curve.
    SI corresponds to the stress threshold from which the rod breaks and S2 corresponds to the stress threshold from which the thinned connection portion between the detachable portion and the head of the external body breaks.
    We can clearly see on this curve the first motor torque intended to obtain a tightening force, the breakage of the rod at the level of SI, its stop and the second motor torque intended to obtain the breakage of said thinned portion at level S2 if the tightening has been carried out.
    It is therefore necessary to have a thickness of material for the thinned connecting portion (between the detachable part of the head of the external body and said head of the external body) sufficient to withstand the counter-torque undergone by the external body and not to break despite this variation in tightening torque before breaking the rod (this
    - 9 premature break being represented by the blackened area). On the other hand, if the necessary torque S2 is too high, that is to say that the thinned connecting portion connecting the detachable part of the head of the external body to said head of the external body is too oversized, it is no longer possible to detach it.
    We can then obtain the following curves:
    Monitoring of installation parameters
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    It is understood that the oversizing of the thinned portion leads to an inability to break it if the means ensuring the second verification phase is not suitable. A sliding phenomenon occurs.
    Hence the solution of a shock drive, that is to say jerking which allows the production of a dynamic effort and to obtain the curves below illustrating two hypotheses.
    For an assumption where the effective tightening (dotted curve) is less than the installation torque, we obtain the following curve:
    - 10Monltoring of installation parameters *
    Case of effective tightening <SI installation torque - impact rupture - no sliding o, see i, s »
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    For an assumption where the effective tightening is greater than the installation torque, we obtain the following curve
    1S.S0
    Monitoring of installation parameters
    Case of effective tightening »SI installation torque - impact rupture - no slippage
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    The exploitation of an impact drive on the detachable portion of the head of the external body for the second phase which will be applied to the thinned portion of detachable connection to the head of the external body, makes it possible to connect the production part of a dynamic effort. This significant effort produced in a very short time
    - 11 short allows, while having a strong counter-torque during the first screwing phase, to achieve a rupture of the external body during the verification phase that the effective tightening is less than or greater than the installation torque.
    The implementation of a shock drive is then particularly advantageous in that it allows more margin on the detachable part of the head of the external body, in particular in the case where the vagaries of a screwed fixing make that the variation of the resulting counter-torque on said head is not negligible.
    A slight oversizing of the thinned connecting portion of the detachable part to said head makes it possible to resist the resulting backlash when the external body is placed on said head. The verification of the pose by means of a shock on a thinned area makes it possible to break the detachable part of the head of the external body while ensuring the holding (without breaking) of this detachable part during the prior phase of pose.
    In addition, an impact rupture of a thinned metal portion makes it possible to obtain a frank rupture without chips or burrs.
    Thus, the meeting of the two installation and installation verification bodies on the same tool requires the resolution of several new technical problems:
    - maintaining the position of the pose verification member during the setting in motion of the other, managing the setting in motion means likely to result in a smooth movement and in a jerky movement that is to say, shock,
    - do not detach the detachable part of the head from the external body which undergoes a significant counter-torque during installation,
    - authorize the detachment of said detachable part of the head from the external body during the verification if the attachment is correctly placed,
    - the management of two detachable elements (the detachable part of the rod and the detachable part of the head).
    The control means can thus be implemented by visual control of the binding which, after installation, has an aerodynamic and cosmetic appearance, smooth, free of any imprint.
    According to another particularly advantageous characteristic of the invention, the positioning tool is remarkable in that it comprises at least one digital control module controlling the different movements and monitoring the torques achieved for the movements of the two organs for the purposes implementation of a good installation and implementation of a verification thereof. The use of a digital control for monitoring two couples for the implementation of a method of fitting a blind fastener is innovative.
    As explained above, the correct installation of a blind fastener is characterized in particular by an installed tension level at least equal to 50% of the theoretical breaking limit of the part.
    The principle of double groove (a rupture groove on the rod and a thinned portion of the external body) and therefore double rupture of the detachable parts of the fixing used by the tool of the invention makes it possible to overcome tightening impressions on the fixing head, bothersome from the cosmetic and aerodynamic point of view.
    In addition, this double break makes it possible to control the correct installation of the binding by means of the break on the head of the external body of the binding, which break is calibrated.
    Such a tool can thus guarantee the tightening of the assembly according to the standard specifications of the fixing while respecting the following constraints:
    - restricted access to the binding, head side only accessible,
    - small aerodynamic footprint (maximum projection 150 microns sought),
    - smooth cosmetic appearance (called flush),
    - robotic installation.
    Other particularly advantageous characteristics complement, associated or not, the characteristics described above of the invention:
    - The external body of the binding is in two parts with a movable part deforming under the action of the rod for the purpose of creating the bulb;
    the setting member is set in motion by an electric or pneumatic motor;
    - 13 - the pose verification member is set in motion by an electric or pneumatic motor;
    the tool comprises a single motor driving the fitting member and the fitting verification member separately by means of a suitable reduction sub-assembly;
    - The fitting member drives the fitting verification member by means of a suitable reduction sub-assembly.
    According to another particularly advantageous characteristic of the invention, the verification member comprises an angle of rotation "in a vacuum" which is between 60 ° and 240 °. This angle goes beyond a simple functional game and is defined to guarantee the shock or rather a minimum dynamic force produced in a very short time.
    According to another particularly advantageous characteristic, the significant effort is an effort corresponding to at least twice the effort necessary to break the thinned connecting portion connecting the detachable portion to the head of the external body and the very short time is less time to a second.
    Another object of the invention relates to the installation method of the invention which includes a phase of installation verification.
    This method of fitting a blind fastener comprising a rod on which an external body is threaded, the external body comprising a head and a detachable portion connected to said head by means of a thinned portion of external body, the external body comprising a or several parts, said external body comprising a deformable portion for the purpose of creating a bulb under the action of the rod, the rod comprising a rupture groove which breaks from a predefined stress threshold, the method of pose consisting in carrying out the following operations:
    - positioning of the fixing in a hole passing through an assembly,
    - maintaining the fixation in the hole,
    - creation of a bulb for the purpose of fixing the assembly,
    - stem break,
    - rupture of the detachable portion of the head,
    - 14is remarkable in that it comprises the following operations:
    - drive the rod smoothly in rotation for the purpose of creating the bulb until the rod breaks at the level of the rupture groove while retaining the detachable portion of the head of the external body, drive in shock rotation in producing a significant dynamic force in a very short time, the detachable portion of the head of the external body to exert a torsional stress for the purpose of rupture of the thinned portion of the external body, the rupture resulting from a good installation and the absence of breakage resulting from improper installation.
    This process can be implemented by one or more tools. As explained above, the implementation of a shock drive is particularly advantageous in that it allows more margin to be available on the detachable part of the head of the external body, in particular in the event that the hazards of a screwed fixing means that the variation of the resulting counter-torque on said head is not negligible.
    Another object of the invention relates to the blind fastening adapted to such a fitting tool.
    As explained above, this blind attachment comprises a rod on which an external body is threaded, the external body comprising a head and a detachable portion connected to said head by means of a thinned portion of external body, the external body comprising one or more several parts, said external body comprising a deformable portion for the purpose of creating a bulb under the action of the rod, the rod comprising a head and a detachable portion of the rod head connected to said head by a rupture groove which breaks from a predefined constraint threshold.
    According to the invention, the blind attachment is remarkable in that said thinned portion of the external body connecting the detachable portion of the head to said head is dimensioned so as to
    - resist the counter-torque which it undergoes during the creation of the bulb by rotation of the rod until the rupture of the rupture groove of the rod, and
    - 15- break during a shock drive if the binding is properly installed.
    This design is designed taking into account the materials used.
    According to a preferred but nonlimiting embodiment, the fixing is remarkable in that the external body is made of titanium and the rod is made of stainless steel or titanium. This combination of materials makes it possible to obtain the desired breaking stress thresholds so that the attachment is properly installed by the tool of the invention and that this installation can be verified by the same tool.
    According to another particularly advantageous characteristic of the invention, the detachable portion of the head of the rod is preformed so as to form an axial support so that a movement in translation is applied to the detachable portion detached from the head of the rod for ejection purposes, causes contact with the detachable portion detached from the head of the external body and its own ejection. Ejection is thus simplified and more easily automated. This preformation can take the higher dimensions, creating a protruding shoulder guaranteeing the training. The shoulder on the rod of a blind fastener is known. However, this shoulder has the new function of implementing the ejection of the detachable part of the external body at the same time as that of the rod.
    According to another particularly advantageous characteristic, the detachable portion of the head of the external body consists of a projection coming from the head of the external body, preformed to extend the hollow core passing through the external body and having an annular connection zone with the head . This detachable portion is not formed by one or more lugs. In practice, the rupture proposed by the annular connection zone of the detachable part is easier and easier to reproduce than a rupture simultaneously of several lugs.
    The fundamental concepts of the invention having just been exposed above in their most elementary form, other details and characteristics will emerge more clearly on reading the description which follows and with reference to the appended drawings, giving form of or any presence of a
    - 16titre of nonlimiting example, an embodiment of a fitting tool according to the invention.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    Figure la is a schematic drawing of a side view in section of a first embodiment of a blind fastener according to the invention;
    The figure lb is a drawing schematic of a exterior view of face of fixing the figure the ; The figure its the a drawing schematic of a exterior view in
    perspective of the fixing of Figure la;
    Figures 2a to 2f are schematic drawings of the sectional side views of the tool and of the fixing of Figure la installed in an assembly and illustrating the steps of the laying operation implemented by the tool of l invention;
    Figure 2g is a schematic drawing of a sectional side view of a blind fastener installed by the tool of the invention;
    Figure 2h is a schematic drawing of an external front view of the accessible side of the binding once installed;
    Figure 3 is a schematic drawing of a side view in section of another embodiment of a blind fastener according to the invention.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
    As illustrated in the drawings of FIGS. 1a, 1b and 1c, the blind fastener referenced 100 as a whole comprises a rod 110 on which an external body 120 is threaded.
    The external body 120 is therefore hollow and comprises a countersunk head 121 equipped with a detachable portion 122. This external body 120 comprises several parts:
    a fixed portion 130 fitted with said head 121 and bearing on the accessible face of the assembly to be produced,
    a mobile and deformable portion 140 for the purpose of creating a bulb under the action of the rod 110.
    To do this, this movable and deformable portion 140 is preformed with a hollow core 141 passing through, a portion 142 of which is tapped. One end of the rod 110 is preformed with a threaded portion 111 and is screwed into the threaded portion 142 of the movable and deformable portion 140.
    - A thinned annular connection portion defined by a rupture groove 123 connects the detachable portion 122 to the head 121 of the external body 120. This thinned rupture portion 123 of the external body 120 breaks from a predefined stress threshold S2.
    The rod 110 is positioned in the hollow core of the external body 120 and comprises a head 112 of rod 110 milled and equipped with a detachable portion 113, a thinned portion defined by a rupture groove 114 connects said detachable portion 113 to the head 112 of rod 110. This thinned portion 114 of the rod breaks from another predefined stress threshold Si lower or greater than that S2 defined for the rupture of the thinned portion 123.
    The detachable portion 113 of the head 112 of the rod 110 is of smaller diameter and projecting relative to the detachable portion 122 of the head 121 of the external body 120.
    These two detachable portions 122 and 113 have, according to the nonlimiting embodiment illustrated, a hexagonal external profile facilitating their association with tools having a suitable imprint. Of course, other profiles, mismatched or not, are possible.
    As illustrated in the drawing in FIG. 2a, in order to carry out the correct installation and to make sure of the latter, a tool O comes to cooperate with the fastening 100 installed in a hole T passing through and with a milled edge provided in an assembly A shown according to the nonlimiting embodiment illustrated by the stacking of two sheets. The fastener 100 is positioned in the hole T with the countersunk head 121 of the external body 120 coming to bear on the milled edge of the hole T.
    For the sake of clarity, only the end of the tool O is illustrated. The latter is engaged on the projecting end of the binding 100 on the accessible side of the assembly A.
    The end of the tool O brings together a fitting member 200 cooperating with the detachable portion 113 of the head 112 of said rod 110 and a fitting verification member 300 cooperating with the detachable portion 122 of the head 121 of the external body 120 .
    The installation verification member 300 comprises a body adopting a cylindrical external shape with a hollow core 310 is also cylindrical and receives in pivot connection a portion of the installation member 200.
    - The hollow core 310 opens at the end of the body of the verification member 300 oriented towards the fastening 100. This end is preformed with an imprint 311 with which the detachable portion 122 of the head 121 of the external body 120 cooperates. for restraint during installation and training during installation verification.
    This imprint 311 is preformed in the central rear part of a recess 312 allowing the detachable portion 113 of the rod to come to cooperate with the distal portion of the fitting member 200 which is itself preformed of an imprint 210 arranged in withdrawal from the fingerprint 311 of the verification member 300.
    According to the preferred but nonlimiting embodiment illustrated, said setting member 200 comprises an ejector needle 320 coming to exert by means of a spring 321, an axial thrust against the detachable portion 113 during the ejection phase. During the installation and installation verification phases, the needle remains in the retracted position.
    According to a preferred but nonlimiting embodiment, the laying process consists in carrying out the following operations:
    positioning of the fastener 100 at the end of the tool O then positioning of the fastener 100 in a hole T passing through an assembly A by means of said tool O,
    holding the external body 120 in position by the tool O,
    creation of a bulb for the purpose of fixing the assembly by rotation of the rod 110, rotation implemented by the tool O,
    - rupture of the detachable portion 113 of the head 112 of the rod 110,
    rupture of the detachable portion 122 of the head 121 of the external body 120 in order to verify the correct installation,
    - evacuation of the detachable parts 113 and 122.
    This pose is described below in association with the succession of Figures 2a to 2g.
    According to another embodiment, the fixing 100 is installed in the hole T before the end of the tool O comes to cooperate with it.
    As illustrated in the drawing in FIG. 2a, the fitting tool O comes to cooperate with the projecting end of the fastener 100 so that its fitting member 200 cooperates with the detachable portion
    - 19113 of the rod 110 and that the verification member 300 cooperates with the detachable portion 122 of the external body 120.
    As illustrated on the drawing of Figure 2b, a movement of rotation Fl is printed to the organ laying 200 who results in rotation rod 110. The organ of verification 300 stays fixed
    during this rotation to propose a counter-torque. Due to the helical connection between the end 111 of the rod 110 and the threaded portion 142 of the movable portion 140, the rotation of the rod 110 drives the movable part 140 of the external body 120 in translation F2 towards the fixed part 130. The friction type interactions between said rod 110 and said head 121 of the external body also generate a resistant torque in opposition to the engine torque of installation on said rod 110. Also, the counter-torque undergone by the detachable portion 122 of said head 121 may vary within a wide range.
    As illustrated in the drawings of FIGS. 2c and 2d, the continuation of the rotational movement along the arrow F1 causes the movable part 140 to deform by gradually forming a bulb 143 which will come into contact with the blind side of the assembly A as illustrated in the drawing of figure 2e.
    At this stage, the support of the bulb 143 leads the rotation to exert a tightening creating a torsional stress at the level of the rupture groove 114 which, after crossing a predefined threshold SI, breaks. The detachable portion 113 is then detached from the head 112 of the rod 110. The rotation along the arrow F1 of the rod 110 ceases. The detachable part 113 remains in the tool O.
    A rotational movement (arrow F3) with shocks is then transmitted to the verification member 300 which transmits it to the external body 120 via the detachable part 122 according to a rotary movement arrow F3. The thinned part or rupture groove 123 breaks from the crossing of a stress threshold S2. If this rotation has the consequence illustrated, namely a rupture of the thinned part 123, the fastening 100 is considered to be well laid since the tension installed in the assembly is considered sufficient and that a smooth surface condition is obtained.
    If this rotation has the consequence not illustrated of a rotation of the fastener 100 in the hole T, the fastener 100 is considered as badly posed since the tension installed in the assembly is
    -20not enough to lead to the rupture of the throat 123. The improperly installed fixing is then removed.
    To do this, the attachment can be destroyed by drilling. The unbroken part of the external body can then serve as a guide for centering and / or reference point reference for the drilling tool.
    As illustrated in the drawing in FIG. 2f, the detachable parts 113 and 122 are ejected from the tool O by the ejector 320. In order to facilitate this ejection, a different embodiment of blind fastening 100 ′ is proposed and illustrated by the drawing of FIG. 3. To do this, in this new embodiment, the blind binding referenced 100 ′ adopts the following differences opposite the blind binding 100 described above:
    the detachable portion 113 ′ of the head 112 ′ of the rod 110 ′ is preformed so as to form an axial support so that the translational movement of the ejector printed on the detached portion 113 ′ causes contact with the detachable portion 122 'from the head 121' from the external body 120 '.
    According to the illustrated embodiment, the detachable portion 113 'has a dimension greater than that of the hollow core passing through the external body 120' so as to guarantee said contact.
    As illustrated in the drawings of Figures 2g and 2h, the fastener 100 has a clear break once installed. The aerodynamic footprint is small and a cosmetic appearance is substantially smooth. Indeed, the remainder of the broken parts does not exceed 150 microns relative to the surface of the assembly A in accordance with the objectives of the invention.
    It is understood that the tool and the blind attachment, which have just been described and shown above, have been for the purpose of disclosure rather than limitation. Of course, various arrangements, modifications and improvements could be made to the above examples, without however departing from the scope of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Installation tool (O) of a blind fastening (100) comprising a rod (110) on which is threaded an external body (120), the external body (120) comprising a head (121) and a detachable portion ( 122) connected to said head (121) by means of a thinned portion (123) of external body, the external body (120) comprising one or more parts, said external body (120) comprising a deformable portion (140) to purposes of creating a bulb under the action of the rod (110), the action of the rod (110) being able to be by rotation or by traction, the rod (110) comprising a breaking groove (114) which breaks from a predefined stress threshold, the laying process consisting in carrying out the following operations:
    positioning of the fastener (100) in a hole (T) passing through an assembly,
    - maintaining the fixing (100) in the hole (T),
    - creation of a bulb for the purpose of fixing the assembly,
    - rupture of the rod (110),
    - rupture of the detachable portion (122) of the head (121) of the external body (120),
    CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT it comprises a fitting member (200) cooperating with said rod (110) and a fitting verification member (300) cooperating with said head (121) of the external body (120),
    the laying member (200) acting on the rod (110) for the purpose of creating the bulb until the rod (110) ruptures at the level of the rupture groove (114),
    the pose verification member (300) retaining the detachable portion (122) of the head (121) of the external body (120) during the action of the pose member (200) on the rod (110),
    - The pose verification member (300) subjecting the detachable portion (122) of the head (121) of the external body (120) to a torsional stress by a rotational drive of the shock type which allows the production of a significant dynamic force produced in a very short time by subjecting said detachable portion (122) of the head (121) of the external body (120) to at least one impact
    In a direction of rotation for the purpose of rupture of the thinned portion (123) of the external body (120), the rupture resulting from a good installation and the absence of rupture resulting from a bad installation.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Tool (O) according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT the fitting member (200) rotates the rod (110) for the purpose of creation by screwing the bulb until the rod breaks ( 110) at the level of the rupture groove (114).
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Tool (O) according to claims 1 and / or 2, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT the setting member (200) is set in motion by an electric or pneumatic motor.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Tool (O) according to claims 1 and / or 2, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT the pose verification member (300) is set in motion by an electric or pneumatic motor.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Tool (O) according to claims 1 and / or 2, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT it comprises a single motor driving the fitting member (200) and the fitting checking member (300) separately at by means of a suitable reduction subset.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Tool (O) according to claims 1 and / or 2, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT the fitting member (200) drives the fitting verification member (300) by means of a suitable reduction sub-assembly .
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Tool (O) according to claims 1 and / or 2, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT the pose verification member (300) comprises an angle of rotation "in a vacuum" which is between 60 ° and 240 °.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Tool (O) according to claims 1 and / or 2, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT the significant effort is an effort corresponding to at least twice the effort necessary to break the thinned connecting portion (123) connecting the portion detachable (122) at the head (121) of the external body (120) and the very short time is less than one second.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Method for fitting a blind fastener (100) comprising a rod (110) on which an external body (120) is threaded, the external body (120) comprising a head (121) and a detachable portion (122) connected to said head (121) by means of a thinned portion (123) of external body (120), the external body (120) comprising one or more parts,
    -23 said external body (120) comprising a deformable portion for the purpose of creating a bulb under the action of the rod (110), the rod (110) comprising a rupture groove (114) which breaks from '' a predefined stress threshold, the fitting process consisting in carrying out the following operations:
    positioning of the fastener (100) in a hole (T) passing through an assembly,
    - maintaining the fixing (100) in the hole (T),
    - creation of a bulb for the purpose of fixing the assembly,
    - rupture of the rod (110),
    - rupture of the detachable portion (123) of the head (122),
    CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT it includes the following operations:
    - smoothly rotating the rod (110) to create the bulb until the rod (110) ruptures at the rupture groove (114) while retaining the detachable portion (122) of the head (121) of the external body (120), driving in shock rotation by producing a significant dynamic force in a very short time, by subjecting at least one impact in a direction of rotation, the detachable portion (12 3) of the head (121) of the external body (120) for exerting a torsional stress in order to rupture the thinned portion (123) of the external body (120), the rupture resulting from good installation and the absence of rupture resulting from improper installation.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Blind binding (100) comprising a rod (110) on which an external body (120) is threaded, the external body (120) comprising a head (121) and a detachable portion (122) connected to said head (121) by means of a thinned portion (123) of external body (120), the external body (120) comprising one or more parts, said external body (120) comprising a deformable portion for the purpose of creating a bulb under the action of the rod (110), the rod (110) comprising a head (112) and a detachable portion (113) of the rod head connected to said head (112) by a rupture groove (114) which breaks from a predefined constraint threshold,
    CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT said thinned portion (123) of the external body (120) connecting the detachable portion (122) to said head (121) is dimensioned so as to
    - resist the counter-torque which it undergoes during the creation of the bulb by rotation of the rod (110) until the rupture of the rupture groove (114) of the rod (110), and
    - break during an impact drive if the fixing (100) is properly installed.
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Blind fixing (100) according to the preceding claim, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT the detachable portion (113) of the head (112) of the rod (110) is preformed so as to form an axial support so that a movement in translation applying to the detachable portion (113) detached from the head (112) of rod (110) for ejection purposes, causes contact with the detachable portion (122) detached from the head (121) of the body external (120) and its own ejection.
    类似技术:
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    BE512403A|
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20200139425A1|2020-05-07|
    EP3634663A1|2020-04-15|
    WO2018224793A1|2018-12-13|
    FR3067268B1|2019-08-09|
    ES2895979T3|2022-02-23|
    EP3634663B1|2021-08-04|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US20120263556A1|2011-04-14|2012-10-18|Pratt John D|Fastener and method of installing same|
    US20130061452A1|2011-09-14|2013-03-14|John D. Pratt|Fastener and method of installing same|
    WO2013043673A1|2011-09-19|2013-03-28|Monogram Aerospace Fasteners. Inc.|Blind fastener with removable wrenching means and method of removing the wrenching means|CN112977870A|2021-05-20|2021-06-18|成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司|Method for designing riveting inclined riveting clamp of closed angle area of airplane component assembly|US2282711A|1940-11-14|1942-05-12|Howard J Eklund|Rivet|
    FR2970530A1|2011-01-13|2012-07-20|Airbus Operations Sas|BLIND FASTENING EQUIPPED WITH A SELF-SAFE HOLDING SYSTEM|WO2021041508A1|2019-08-26|2021-03-04|Sps Technologies, Llc|Two-piece blind fastener and installation tool|
    USD909857S1|2019-08-27|2021-02-09|Sps Technologies, Llc|Blind fastener bolt head|
    USD920774S1|2019-08-27|2021-06-01|Sps Technologies, Llc|Blind fastener|
    USD909856S1|2019-08-27|2021-02-09|Sps Technologies, Llc|Blind fastener bolt|
    USD935877S1|2019-08-27|2021-11-16|Sps Technologies, Llc|Blind fastener nut|
    法律状态:
    2018-12-14| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20181214 |
    2019-06-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2020-06-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2021-06-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1755177A|FR3067268B1|2017-06-09|2017-06-09|INSTALLATION TOOL FOR A BLIND FIXATION, INSTALLATION METHOD AND ADAPTED BLIND FASTENING|
    FR1755177|2017-06-09|FR1755177A| FR3067268B1|2017-06-09|2017-06-09|INSTALLATION TOOL FOR A BLIND FIXATION, INSTALLATION METHOD AND ADAPTED BLIND FASTENING|
    PCT/FR2018/051338| WO2018224793A1|2017-06-09|2018-06-08|Setting tool for a blind fastener, setting method and suitable blind fastener|
    ES18740267T| ES2895979T3|2017-06-09|2018-06-08|Blind Fixation Placement Tool, Placement Method and Adapted Blind Fixation|
    US16/619,489| US20200139425A1|2017-06-09|2018-06-08|Setting tool for a blind fastener, setting method and suitable blind fastener|
    EP18740267.2A| EP3634663B1|2017-06-09|2018-06-08|Setting tool for a blind fastener, setting method and suitable blind fastener|
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