• 专利附录
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    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a transmission device (2) for a flying machine (4) for transmitting data (D) inside the flying machine (4), the flying machine (4) containing a network of electric lines (6) formed of connected lines (8a-g) for supplying electrical energy (E) to consumers (10) in the flying machine (4), having at least two CPL elements (12a-f) ) connectable to a respective one of the lines (8a-g) for transmitting the data (D) between at least two of the CPL elements (12a-f) via the line network (6), at least one of the CPL elements (12a-f) having at least one filter connection (20), the filter connection (20) having at least one CPL connection (22a) connectable to a respective line of the lines (8a-g) and at least one power connection (22b) connectable to a respective line of the lines (8a-g), the CPL connection (22a) being energy and power conducting energized and energy-free data connection (22b).
    公开号:FR3064855A1
    申请号:FR1852464
    申请日:2018-03-22
    公开日:2018-10-05
    发明作者:Beatrice KORNEK-PERCIN；Gotz Wolk；Sven GASTEL；Oliver PLUCZINSKI；Benno Petersen
    申请人:Diehl Aerospace GmbH；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    (57) The invention relates to a transmission device (2) for a flying object (4) making it possible to transmit data (D) inside the flying object (4), the flying object (4) containing a network of power lines (6) formed of connected lines (8a-g) used to supply electrical energy (E) to consumers (10) in the flying machine (4), has at least two PLC elements ( 12a-f) which can be connected to a respective line of lines (8a-g) for the transmission of data (D) between at least two of the PLC elements (12a-f) via the network of lines (6), at least one CPL elements (12a-f) having at least one filter connection (20), the filter connection (20) having at least one PLC connection (22a) which can be connected to a respective line of lines (8a-g) and at least one energy connection (22b) which can be connected to a respective line of lines (8a-g), the PLC connection (22a) being an energy conductor and data and power connection (22b) energy-free and data-free.

    - 1 DESCRIPTION
    The invention relates to a transmission device for a flying object enabling data to be transmitted inside the flying object as well as a corresponding flying object.
    Practical experience shows that each new aircraft program is accompanied by an increase in the complexity of the wiring and, consequently, in the weight of the cable mass. New systems are integrated, which produce and consume more data. Data is transmitted either by a network bus like ARINC-664 (A664), or by other means such as CAN, ARINC-429 or discrete and analog lines. The electrical system has also become more complex, as the diversity of voltages increases (for example 28V DC, 115V AC, 230V AC or 270V DC).
    It is common practice in T avionics to separate data lines from electrical networks intended for power or power supply. The devices are then connected to an electrical power network and additionally wired with data lines. The number of data lines on a device may vary.
    Line carrier technology (CPL) removes a large part of these data lines since in addition to energy transmission, communication is also done through power lines. The use of the CPL technique in aircraft is known for example from the article '' Model based design of an avionics power line communications physical layer ', Jürgen Wassner, Stephen Dominiak, Javier Moya, Lucerne University of Applied Sciences & Arts, Lucerne, Switzerland ”. Thanks to PLC technology, power or power lines can also be used to transmit data, which saves weight.
    The aim of the invention is to improve the use of PLC technology in a flying machine.
    This object is achieved by a transmission device for a flying object enabling data to be transmitted inside the flying object, the flying object containing a network of electric lines formed of connected lines serving to supply electric energy. to consumers in the flying machine,
    -2- comprising at least two PLC elements which can be connected to a respective line of the lines for the transmission of data between at least two of the PLC elements via the line network, characterized in that
    - at least one of the PLC elements has at least one filter connection, the filter connection having at least one PLC connection which can be connected to a respective line of lines and at least one energy connection which can be connected to a respective line of lines,
    - the CPL connection being energy and data conductor and the energy conductive and data-free energy connection.
    In addition, this transmission device can have at least one, several or all of the following characteristics or variant embodiments:
    - at least one of the CPL elements is a filter which does not have a data interface for the input and / or output of the data and has at least one filter connection;
    - at least one of the CPL elements is a node which has at least one data interface for the input and / or output of the data and at least one filter connection;
    - at least one of the PLC elements is a client which has at least one data interface and at least one PLC connection but no energy connection;
    - at least two of the PLC elements are configurable, for mutual data exchange, with regard to a data channel which is used for the transmission of data via the line network;
    - at least one of the PLC elements has at least two different data interfaces and a different own data channel is associated with at least two identical data interfaces for the transmission of data via the line network;
    - at least one of the PLC elements is a node which is designed, as regards its PLC and / or energy connection, for the inductive coupling / decoupling of the data in the line, and / or,
    - at least one of the PLC elements is a client which is designed, as regards its PLC connection, for the capacitive coupling / decoupling of data in the line.
    The invention also relates to a flying machine containing a transmission device as mentioned above and at least one network of lines, in which a connected section of the network of electric lines is a section conducting data which is delimited by with respect to the rest of the line network with regard to data, in which all the lines leaving a connected section of the line network have a PLC element with filter connection and the leaving lines are connected to an energy-free connection of the filter connection of the CPL element located there.
    In addition, this flying machine can also report at least one, several or all of the following characteristics or variant embodiments:
    - the section contains a continuous line structure between two CPL elements with filter connection, which optionally branches off at least one line in the form of a branch line which is terminated on the end side by a customer or a filter;
    - the line network contains at least two virtual data networks;
    - at least two data channels are provided for the independent data transmission each time inside the section;
    - the network of lines has at least two sections separated from each other by at least one line free of data, and / or,
    -the flying object contains at least one consumer and at least one of the CPL elements is a component integrated into one of the consumers.
    As is apparent from the above discussion, this transmission device according to the invention is used to transmit data inside the flying object. A corresponding flying object presents a network of power lines in the form of an energy or power distribution network. The network of lines comprises at least one, but in general several, even a large number of connected lines. The line network is used to supply energy or electrical power to consumers in the flying object. The transmission device contains at least two PLC elements. Each of the PLC elements can be connected to at least one respective line of the lines of the line network. At least
    - two of the PLC elements are used for the transmission of data between the PLC elements on the line network. The data is therefore injected into one of the CPL elements, coupled by the CPL element into one of the lines of the line network, transmitted by the line network to the other CPL element, decoupled from the local line by the CPL element and can then be retransmitted or used, etc. from the CPL element.
    At least one of the CPL elements has a filter connection and is therefore in particular a filter or a node, as described below.
    The filter connection is formed by at least one PLC connection and at least one corresponding or present energy connection. The PLC connection makes it possible to connect the PLC element to one of the lines of the power line network to integrate the PLC element into the existing power line network and to be able to use a PLC communication (power or energy and data) on the lines which there are connected. The filter connection makes it possible to connect the PLC element to one of the lines of the power line network to integrate the PLC element into the existing power line network and to be able to use an energy transmission (only power or energy, no data ) on the line connected to it. Within the CPL element, energy is transported between at least one of the CPL connections and at least one corresponding energy connection through the CPL element. There is therefore no data transmission on the line network at the energy connection. In other words, the PLC element can be connected to lines or to the network of power lines to couple or decouple data in or from it to the PLC connection only on one side, but transport the energy on both sides between PLC connection and energy connection. Regarding the energy transported in the lines, the CPL element has an energy conducting filter connection on both sides on the line network. Regarding the data transported in the line, the CPL element is designed, at the filter connection, data conductor only on one side and data free compared to the lines on one side.
    In other words, the energy that is transported on the line can pass the PLC element bidirectionally. Data, on the other hand, cannot pass the PLC element, but all data transmission on the trunk network ends at the PLC connection of
    -5 the CPL element. Inside the line network, the filter connection therefore forms a blockage for the data and separates the line network into two parts, no data being present on the first part (at the energy connection). Data can be present only on the second part (at the PLC connection), to reach the network of lines up to the filter connection.
    The flying object is in particular an airplane, a helicopter or a UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle). The network of lines has at least one line. When the network of lines has several lines, these are connected, that is to say that there is a connection by electric lines from very first to very second point of the network of lines by respective lines and if necessary also intermediate elements such as connectors, electrical circuits, modules, etc. which are part of the line network.
    CPL elements can have zero (eg filter), one or more data interfaces. For example, data interfaces are designed for different protocols, network systems, data components, etc., that is, it is possible to connect different data lines / data channels to different interfaces. data. For example, one data interface is designed for a CAN bus, another for Ethernet communication, another for an A429 connection. The PLC elements can also have one or more energy and / or PLC connections, so that the PLC element can be connected, for example, to lines of different network voltages or different forms of voltage such as direct voltage or alternating voltage at the same time. In the case of several connections, in a filter or a node (see below), at least one of the line connections, therefore energy or PLC connections, to which the line network can be connected is a connection of energy and at least one PLC connection.
    There is therefore an “opening” at the filter connection of the line network or the latter passes through the filter connection. The energy and CPL connections are therefore two partial connections of the filter connection intended to receive a respective end of a line. A passage of energy between the partial connections is possible. Data, on the other hand, is present only at one of the partial connections on the line. The other partial connection is designed free of data. Only electrical energy is therefore present there, without any
    -6 data information. Consequently, between the energy connection and the PLC, there is a passage of the energy transported on the line, if necessary with bifurcation for the own consumption of the respective PLC element or, if necessary, of other consumers. However, there is no data traffic on the line network. From the data point of view, the filter connection therefore constitutes a termination or a filter for the section of the network of data conductive lines.
    According to the invention, there occurs at the location of the filter connection a separation of the PLC communication (data and energy on the line) from the rest of the electrical network (energy only, no data). According to the invention, there therefore occurs a dedicated propagation of data only on one side of the filter, in particular only on a section of the electrical network between two or more filters (or nodes, see below) which are turned l 'towards each other by their data conductor sides (PLC connections).
    The invention is based on the observation that, on a conventional electrical network, the PLC data propagates throughout the network. Everyone can, in principle, access data everywhere. According to the invention, however, there is a dedicated propagation of data only on one side of a filter (or of a node, see below) or between filter connections, therefore only in a section of the network. of power lines. The filter connection separates PLC networks or network parts from purely electric networks or network parts. The PLC network is therefore delimited at the filter connection, there is no longer any data traffic "beyond" the filter connection. A PLC network according to the invention or the device according to the invention thus makes it possible to connect conventional networks of flying machines (in which the current and the data are separated) in a flying machine.
    In a preferred embodiment, at least one of the CPL elements is a filter which does not have a data interface for data input and / or output and has at least one filter connection (20). In other words, a filter only contains the filter connection. A "filter connection" can also, in the form of a PLC element, be called a "filter".
    In a preferred embodiment, at least one of the CPL elements is a node. The node has at least one data interface. The node also has at least one filter connection as described ci3064855
    -7 above for the filter. The node therefore corresponds to a filter, but with a data interface or a functionality for coupling data into the line network or decoupling data from it via the data interface and the PLC connection. There is no passing of data in the line network as described above, but a passing of energy. Such a node serves, as a filter, to separate the network or the section of the PLC network carrying data and energy from the conventional power line network, conducting only energy, and to prevent any propagation of data. by allowing the passage of electrical energy. At such a node it is therefore possible to realize, from the data point of view, a branch line of the data network, at which the data traffic on the line network ends or, by means of the data interface , is extracted from it or introduced into it, while the power or electric power line continues on the network of lines.
    Such a data interface is used for input or output (different from the line network) of data on the relevant PLC element which presents it. The data interface can, but need not be, a physical "connection". It can also be another possibility of data exchange, p. ex. a physical or logical or virtual interface. The data interface can therefore be any possibility for exchanging data. In any case, data may be received there for processing or given for transmission.
    During the operation of the device, data is transmitted between the data interface of the node and a corresponding device in the form of a second PLC element, taking in this way the path starting from the data interface, passing through the node, the part of the line network which connects the node to the other CPL element, the other CPL element and in this one if necessary towards its data interface or are processed internally in the other CPL element. Data can also be transported the other way around.
    The corresponding device or the PLC element for the exchange of data with the node can be another node or any other PLC element which can send and / or receive data.
    In a preferred embodiment, at least one of the PLC elements is a client. The client presents, like the node, at least one data interface. The client also has at least one connection
    -8CPL, but no power connection. The customer therefore forms, from the point of view of the network of lines (in the case of several line connections), a CPL element passing through, i.e. data conductor on all sides and equipped for coupling and / or the decoupling of data in and / or from the line network. In particular, the customer may present, in connection with the line connections, only one or more unilateral end connections. The respective end connection is then a single PLC connection which does not have a corresponding connection for the passage of energy through the customer. The client is then designed only to receive a respective branch line end. No energy or data flow on the line network therefore takes place at the end connection. Only data can otherwise leave or reach the client at a (pure) data interface. The customer then constitutes a termination element for the line network in the form of a branch line. The end connection or the power supply line therefore conducts data and energy. The end connection consumes or extracts data or injects it into the line network.
    In a preferred embodiment, at least two of the PLC elements can be configured for the mutual exchange of data relating to a data channel which is used to transmit the data via the trunk network. In particular, the data channel is configurable with regard to the frequency band which is used to transmit data over the line network. In particular, the frequency position and / or the bandwidth of the frequency band are configurable. We can thus define in which frequency range this determined data transmission takes place and also what bandwidth, i.e. data capacity, is available for this data or communication channel for transmission within the network of lines.
    In a preferred embodiment, at least one of the CPL elements has at least two different data interfaces. A data channel, in particular a specific, different or segregated frequency band, is associated in the transmission device with at least two or each group of identical data interfaces provided for mutual communication, for the transmission of data via the network of power lines. It is thus possible to manage on the network of lines
    -9electric at least two parallel virtual data channels, each of the data channels being associated with a group of identical data interfaces. It is thus possible to create parallel virtual data networks on the power line network, on which individual and mutually segregated data traffic is possible. An individual CPL element or different CPL elements can each present different data interfaces.
    In a preferred embodiment, at least one of the PLC elements is designed at its energy and / or PLC connection for the inductive and / or capacitive coupling or decoupling of the data in the line. Each of the "capacitive" or "inductive" connection concepts offers its own advantages and drawbacks widely known in electrical engineering.
    In a preferred variant of this embodiment, at least one of the PLC elements is a node which, as regards its energy and / or PLC connection, is designed for inductive coupling / decoupling of the data in the line. Inductive coupling / decoupling is particularly advantageous for nodes because it makes it possible to carry out in a particularly simple way the passage of energy, but the delimitation of data towards one side of the network of lines.
    In a preferred variant of this embodiment, at least one of the PLC elements is a client. The customer is designed, as regards its PLC connection, for the capacitive coupling / decoupling of data in the line. Since customers do not produce data delimitation on the line, capacitive data coupling is particularly advantageous here.
    In a preferred embodiment, at least one of the PLC elements has a gateway functionality and / or a router functionality and / or a filter functionality. Such PLC elements make it possible to produce conventional or known data network structures on the PLC section of the line network.
    The object of the invention is also achieved by a flying object according to the invention. The flying object and at least part of its embodiments as well as their respective advantages have already been described in substance in relation to the transmission device according to the invention.
    The flying object contains a transmission device according to the invention as well as at least one of the networks of power lines mentioned in connection with this transmission device. A section
    - 10connected from the network of power lines is a data conductive section which is delimited, with regard to the data, with respect to the remaining part of this network of lines. To do this, all the lines that leave from a related section, that is to say each of the lines that leave from it, contain a filter or a node as they have been described above. In particular, two of these CPL elements are nodes. The power lines that leave the section are in all cases connected to the data-free energy connection of the relevant filter connection of the corresponding PLC element (filter or node).
    In the flying object according to the invention, all the parts of the line network which do not belong to the section are therefore free of data with respect to the data present in the section. In particular, all the CPL customers who belong to the section are located inside the section; at the limits of the section, where (pure energy) lines exit or enter, only nodes or filters are present.
    In a preferred embodiment, the section contains a continuous line structure between two PLC elements with filter connection (node or filter), which optionally branches off at least one line in the form of a branch line which is terminated on the side end by a client or filter. In particular, a single continuous line is present between two PLC elements with respective filter connection (node or filter). Continuous line structure branches off in the section, therefore between the filter connections, possibly lines in the form of branch lines which are themselves terminated on the end by customers or filters. In particular, other PLC elements (notably customers with more than one PLC connection) are arranged inside the section, therefore not at its limits.
    The respective branch line ends at the end connections, the respective section at the filter connections, the network of lines can only be extended with a line carrying energy, but no data. This gives a particularly simple and easy-to-carry CPL section on the line network.
    In a preferred embodiment, the line network contains at least two virtual data networks, in particular inside the section. Data traffic within virtual networks takes place completely independently or segregated from one
    - 11 on the other, so that the two networks can be used at the same time or in parallel.
    Both networks are inside the line network or the particular section on the same line or on the same line section. The virtual network presents, in particular for a data transmission from a first to a second PLC element, maximum values defined with regard to the latency time and the variance. In particular, networks have a low latency and a low variance. This allows for networks that can operate in real time. Thanks to the maximum latency, it is ensured that data arrives at a recipient at a defined time, for example five milliseconds after sending. The variance (jitter) for this time is small and is, for example, one millisecond, so that this results in a total data propagation time of four to six milliseconds.
    In a preferred embodiment, at least two data channels, in particular frequency bands, are provided for the respective, segregated data transmission, within the section. As explained above, several virtual data channels or networks, independent of each other, are thus possible inside the section or on a single physical line.
    In a preferred embodiment, the line network has at least two sections separated from each other, connected by at least one data-free line. In other words, there are in the power line network at least two subnets which are certainly electrically connected with regard to the energy to be transmitted, but cannot communicate data with each other on the connecting lines or do not touch and are completely separated from each other. The two subnets are therefore independent of each other from a data point of view and form, in other words, two "PLC islands" in the otherwise data-free power line network. A cross-sectional connection of the sections from the data point of view is then necessary, for example via a pure data line (no energy transmitted) between two data interfaces, each in one of the sections.
    In a preferred embodiment, the flying object contains at least one consumer which is in particular controlled by PLC technology. At least one of the CPL elements is an integrated or integral component in the consumer. CPL clients are especially interesting for
    - 12 such components, but other CPL elements are also possible as integrable components. By connecting the consumer with a PLC element integrated into the network of power lines, the consumer is therefore connected to the network of lines not only with regard to energy or power, but also to data. It automatically results from the connection to one of the data conducting lines a data interface (PLC) with the line network or a network configuration. The type of network configuration depends on the integrated PLC element; for example, with a client you get a data pass on the line, with a filter the end of a data line or with a node or filter a power pass on the line. The result is a consumer with an integrated PLC element that can be installed particularly simply and easily on the plane.
    The invention is based on the following observations, observations or reflections and also presents the following embodiments. The embodiments are sometimes, for simplicity, also called "the invention". The embodiments may also contain parts or combinations of the embodiments mentioned above or correspond to them and / or, where appropriate, include embodiments not mentioned above.
    The introduction of the line carrier technique allows data to be transmitted over the current lines. Until now, data and current were carried on separate lines. This results in electrical data networks into which individual systems / components can inject data or from which data can be taken. This saves weight by eliminating dedicated data lines, reducing the complexity of the wiring and therefore simplifying installation of the components. This offers great advantages, particularly in the cabin area, for example during retrofitting. It is also possible to exploit the advantages of the line carrier technology not only in aircraft, but also in helicopters or UAVs.
    The result of the invention is an on-line carrier current architecture (CPL) for planes, helicopters and UAVs or architectures which can be used in these. The invention allows flexible, capacitive and / or inductive coupling of PLC elements provided with different digital interfaces which communicate on the same power line.
    - 13 Different data signals can be transmitted at the same time and in a segregated manner from each other. In this CPL architecture, the CPL elements (in particular customers, node) can assume different functions (for example gateway, routing, filtering). This results in a configuration possibility with regard to the distribution and availability of data volume in the form of bandwidth allocation via a virtual network using a configurable frequency range.
    Powerline elements with different digital data interfaces which communicate on the same power line can be flexibly coupled by capacity and / or by induction. Different data signals can be transmitted simultaneously and in a segregated manner. There is a configuration possibility regarding the distribution and availability of data volume in the form of bandwidth allocation via a virtual network using a configurable frequency range. A PLC network according to the invention can also be extended so that the systems can communicate via several PLC networks. This results, in particular, in the following PLC network components:
    A CPL node is a small LRU (Line Replaceable Unit Unit replaceable online) used to segregate two networks (gateway). The PLC node uses an inductive coupling method. The coupler is variable depending on the currents and voltages of the electrical network or couplers of different dimensions are used.
    A PLC client constitutes an interface. A PLC client can be a single chip that is part of a device and can be connected to the electrical network. The CPL client can however also be produced in the form of a small LRU which is connected to an existing consumer via a data interface and therefore only retransmits data. The PLC client uses a capacitive method for the connection with the PLC network (in particular the line network).
    A PLC filter is an independent device which separates an electrical data network (in particular a part) from a pure electrical network, without data (in particular a data-free section of the line network). The CPL filter is also part of the CPL node.
    The PLC network according to the invention has particular characteristics compared to commercial PLC networks (application
    - domestic): it offers a robust and deterministic transmission with a low latency and a low variance. It achieves configurable data bandwidths of up to one gigabit per second. To avoid disturbances on other networks, the PLC node segregates a PLC network from the electrical network without conventional data. In this CPL architecture, the CPL elements (in particular the CPL clients or the CPL nodes) can assume different functions (for example, gateway, routing, filtering). This PLC network drastically simplifies the installation work as well as the complexity in the case of retrofitting and generates great advantages during retrofitting, as for example for the cabin parts of an aircraft, by the simple and rapid installation during the transformation or refitting of cabin elements. This new technology can be integrated even into existing electrical systems of airplanes, helicopters or UAVs, thereby saving weight.
    Other advantages, effects and advantages of the invention result from the description below of preferred embodiments of the invention as well as from the appended figures. Are shown on a schematic drawing of principle:
    fig. 1 an airplane with a network of power lines and a PLC section, fig. 2 an airplane with two networks of lines each comprising a section, fig. 3 an aircraft with a network of lines and a PLC section.
    FIG. 1 symbolically shows a transmission device 2 for a flying machine 4, here an airplane, in which the transmission device 2 is mounted. The flying object 4 contains a network of lines 6 of which several lines 8a-g are shown in detail in the figure
    1. The network of lines 6 is mainly used for the distribution of energy E in the flying machine 4 to consumers 10 of which only one is shown by way of example. Data D is transmitted in the flying machine 4 mainly by data lines 9a, b. The data lines 9a, b are pure data lines used exclusively for the transport of data D and not that of energy E. The lines 8a, b are pure current lines which are used exclusively for the transmission of energy E and not that of data D.
    Lines 8c-g physically correspond to lines 8a, b, therefore originally used to transport energy E, but transport
    - 15 also D data thanks to “superimposed” PLC technology. The transmission device 2 contains in this example six PLC elements 12a-f for the transmission of data D between some of the PLC elements 12a-f on the network of lines 6 or its lines 8c-g. The CPL elements 12a, b are nodes 14, the CPL elements 12c-f are clients 24.
    The nodes 14 each contain a data interface 16 for the input of data D into the node 14 from outside the network of lines 6 on the data lines 9a, b or their output therefrom. They also have line connections for connecting the nodes 14 to the line network 6: the nodes 14 each have a PLC connection 22a and an energy connection 22b. The CPL connection 22a and the energy connection 22b of one of the nodes form a filter connection 20 on this node 14. With regard to the energy E transported in the lines 8a-c, the CPL connection 22a and the connection 22b energy are each conductor of energy. The energy E therefore crosses without obstacle all the line sections 8a, b, c, which together form a continuous line structure. The energy E therefore comes from line 8a, b, each time through the connection of filter 20 conducting energy on both sides, in line 8c or vice versa. With regard to data D, the filter connection 20 is made data conductor on one side, namely at the CPL connection 22a, and free of data on the other side of the filter connection 20, at the connection energy 22b. Data D can pass the filter connection 20 to the PLC connection 22a, that is to say be exchanged between the node 14 and the line 8c, but not to the energy connection 22b. Data D cannot therefore arrive from node 14 or from line 8c in line 8a, b or vice versa. On this "side" of node 14, the data D is therefore transported via the data interface 16 separated by the data line 9a, b.
    In particular, data D on the energy conducting lines can only be exchanged between line 8c and node 14 and must leave the line at node 14 to go to data line 9.
    On the network of lines 6, a section 34 identified by a double arrow is therefore a data-carrying section 34, all the lines starting from section 34, here lines 8a, b, being each time connected to an energy connection 22b free of data from the respective filter connection 20 of nodes 14. In the example, section 34 is further formed by a single continuous line structure in the form of line 8c
    - between the CPL elements 12a, b which each have the filter connection 20. Only bypass lines in the form of lines 8d to 8g, which are terminated by clients 24, are connected between the two.
    The rest of the electrotechnical system 35 of the flying object 4 is only suggested. This is connected to section 34 by means of conventionally separate wiring for energy E (pure energy line 8b) and data D (pure data line 9b) via node 14.
    The “blocking” for the data in node 14 with respect to lines 8a, b in the direction of the exit from section 34 is symbolized by a diode diagram oriented in the blocking direction.
    The clients 24 each have a data interface 16 and a PLC connection 22a. The CPL connection 22a is here an end connection 30 which is used only to receive one of the lines 8d-g or of the line ends and thus terminates a respective branch line 8d-g of the network of lines 6. The end connection 30 is designed as a data conductor and an energy conductor. This means that energy E and data D can both enter and exit the PLC connection 22a of clients 24.
    The data interface 16 is here represented by way of example partly inside the client 24 (CPL element 12d) and symbolizes a virtual or real internal client interface, when data D can also be processed internally at the customer. As shown in the example of the CPL element 12c, data D can however also pass through a physical data interface 16 and be available outside the client 24 or be injected there. In or using the CPL elements 12, it is also possible to derive energy E from the network of lines 6 for their own consumption.
    For the CPL element 12e, it is shown by way of example that the client 24 is integrated into the consumer 10 in order to supply it with energy E and make available, internally to the consumer, a data interface 16 for data exchange D.
    The possibility of a data exchange D within the network of lines 6 in the form of a data channel is shown in broken lines. The two nodes 14 do not participate in this data exchange which takes place between the CPL elements 12c and 12e on the one hand and between 12d and 12f on the other hand. For the mutual exchange of D data, the CPL elements 12 are configurable with regard to the frequency band which is
    - 17 used for data transmission via the line network. The PLC elements 12c, e thus use a first virtual channel, here a first frequency band, for the transmission of data, the PLC elements 12d, f a second virtual channel, here a second different frequency band. This results in particular on the single or the same line 8c two virtual data channels or networks 3 2a, b which can be used independently of one another, without disturbing each other and which are nevertheless produced simultaneously on the line 8c.
    At node 14, the filter connection 20 is designed for the inductive coupling or decoupling of the D data in line 8c. On the other hand, the PLC connections 22a of the clients 24 are designed for the capacitive coupling of the D data with the lines 8d-g.
    FIG. 2 shows a flying machine 4 which contains two separate networks of lines 6, each of which contains a section 34a, b. The networks of lines 6 each correspond in principle or in substance to that of FIG. 1 with the difference that another branch line 8j, which is also terminated by a client 24, branches off from line 8c each time. The upper network of lines 6 in FIG. 2 conducts energy E in the form of a voltage of 28V DC, the lower network of lines 6 with a voltage of 230V AC. The two networks of lines 6 are not only connected by energy conducting lines. Data communication or data exchange D is however possible due to the fact that data is exchanged on a separate data line 9c. A virtual network 32c is formed for this purpose. This uses a third data channel or a third frequency band to also maintain this data communication independent, from the data point of view, of the virtual networks 32a, b of the respective sections 34a, b. The CPL elements 12b and 12g each have, as nodes 14, a gateway functionality.
    In the case where the two networks of lines 6 alternately conduct the same form of voltage, here 28V DC, it is also possible to establish a single network of lines 6 by connecting lines 8b, i or constituting a single line 8 (shown dashed line). This line 8 is then free of data because of the connection with the energy connections 22b, each time free of data, of the CPL elements 12b, g and transmits only energy E. It is then in the figure 2 of a single network of lines 6 which has two sections 34a, b. Due to exempt binding
    - 18data, the two sections 34a, b remain independent of each other from a data point of view, with the exception of the virtual network 32c which operates on the same principle as described above.
    FIG. 3 shows a variant of a network of lines 6. Here, a CPL element 12g is produced in the form of a filter 36. The filter 36 does not have a data interface 16 but a filter connection 20 whose the CPL connection 22a is again designed as a data conductor and the energy connection 22b again free of data. It is therefore possible, at the location of the filter 36, to deviate from the rest of the network of lines 6 of energy E without data in another line 8k of the network of lines 6 to supply a consumer 10c.
    FIG. 3 also shows consumers 10a, b into which a respective client 24 is integrated in the form of an integrable component. Consumers 10a, b are large complex consumers, here two on-board kitchens separated from the flying object 4, here a wide-body airplane. The on-board kitchens have internal data networks in the form of CAN 40 buses. The data interfaces 16 of the CPL elements 12d, f are therefore CAN bus interfaces used to connect CAN 40 buses for data exchange. D with other components of the aircraft via the network of lines 6. The CPL elements 12c, e present data interfaces 16 in the form of interfaces A429 for the exchange of data D with the data lines 9c, d which are produced in the form of a separate A429 data network using conventional technology.
    The following parts, elements, objects, components and articles are illustrated and referenced as follows in the appended figures:
    2 transmission device 4 flying machine 6 network of lines 8a-k line 9a-d data line 10 consumer 12a-g CPL element 14 node 16 data interface 20 filter connection 22a PLC connection
    22b energy connection 24 customer 30 end connection 32a-c virtual network 34a, b section 35 electrotechnical system 36 filtered 40 CAN bus D data E energy
    Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown in the accompanying drawings. Modifications remain possible, in particular from the point of view of the constitution of the various elements or by substitution of technical equivalents, without thereby departing from the scope of protection of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Transmission device (2) for a flying machine (4) making it possible to transmit data (D) inside the flying machine (4), the flying machine (4) containing a network of electrical lines ( 6) formed of connected lines (8a-k) serving to supply electrical energy (E) to consumers (10) in the flying object (4),
    - comprising at least two PLC elements (12a-g) which can be connected to a respective line of lines (8a-k) for data transmission (D) between at least two of the PLC elements (12a-g) via the network of lines (6), characterized in that
    - at least one of the CPL elements (12a-g) has at least one filter connection (20), the filter connection (20) having at least one CPL connection (22a) which can be connected to a respective line of lines (8a -k) and at least one energy connection (22b) which can be connected to a respective line of the lines (8a-k),
    - the PLC connection (22a) being energy and data conductor and the energy connection (22b) being energy and data-free.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Transmission device (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the PLC elements (12a-g) is a filter (36) which does not have a data interface (16) for the input and / or the data output (D) and has at least one filter connection (20).
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Transmission device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the PLC elements (12a-g) is a node (14) which has at least one data interface (16) for the data input and / or output (D) and at least one filter connection (20).
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Transmission device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    -21 at least one of the PLC elements (12a-g) is a client (24) which has at least one data interface (16) and at least one PLC connection (22a) but no energy connection (22b).
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Transmission device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two of the PLC elements (12a-g) are configurable, for mutual data exchange, with regard to a data channel which is used for data transmission (D) via the line network (6).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Transmission device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the PLC elements (12a-g) has at least two different data interfaces (16) and a different own data channel is associated with at least two identical data interfaces (16) for the transmission of data (D) via the line network (6).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Transmission device (2) according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one of the PLC elements (12a-g) is a node (14) which is designed, as regards its PLC connection (22a) and / or energy (22b), for the inductive coupling / decoupling of the data (D) in the line (8a-k).
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Transmission device (2) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that at least one of the PLC elements (12a-g) is a client (24) which is designed, as regards its PLC connection (22a) , for the capacitive coupling / decoupling of the data (D) in the line (8a-k).
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Transmission device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the PLC elements (12a-g) has a gateway and / or router and / or filter functionality.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Flying machine (4) containing a transmission device (2) according to one of the preceding claims and at least one network of lines (6), in which a connected section (34a, b) of the network of electric lines (6 ) is a data-carrying section (3 4a, b) which is delimited by
    -22report to the rest of the network of lines (6) with regard to the data (D), in which all the lines (8a-i) starting from a connected section (34a, b) of the network of lines (6) have a PLC element (12a-g) with filter connection (20) and the outgoing lines (8a-k) are connected to an energy connection (22b) free of data from the filter connection (20) of the PLC element (12a-g) found there.
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Flying vehicle (4) according to claim 10, characterized in that the section (3 4a, b) contains a continuous line structure between two CPL elements (12a-g) with filter connection (20), of which branches off optionally at least one line (8a-k) in the form of a bypass line which is terminated on the end side by a client (24) or a filter (36).
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. Flying vehicle (4) according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the line network (6) contains at least two virtual data networks (32a-c).
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    13. Flying machine (4) according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that at least two data channels are provided for the data transmission (D) each time independent inside the section (34a, b).
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    14. Flying machine (4) according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the network of lines (6) has at least two sections (34a, b) separated from one another by at least one line (8a-k) free of data.
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    15. Flying vehicle (4) according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that it (4) contains at least one consumer (10) and at least one of the CPL elements (12a-g) is an integrated component in one of the consumers (10).
    1/3
    12d, 24
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    法律状态:
    2020-03-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2021-03-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DEDE102017003137.1|2017-03-31|
    DE102017003137|2017-03-31|
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