• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method for starting a fuel cell assembly, comprising a fuel processor and a fuel cell (70), characterized in that said method comprises the following steps: a) electric heating of a heating device fuel processor, b) heating the fuel processor components (10, 20, 30, 40, 11, 21, 50) to a fixed operating temperature; c) catalytically burning a vaporized fuel (B) in the fuel processor; start-up burner (50), then post-combustion of hydrogen in the post-burner (21), d) introduction of the fuel (B) into the preheated components of the fuel processor and stopping of the catalytic combustion in the starting burner (50) e) starting at least one reaction in the components of the fuel processor, and f) switching on the fuel cell (70).
    公开号:FR3063181A1
    申请号:FR1851216
    申请日:2018-02-14
    公开日:2018-08-24
    发明作者:Jochen Schurer；Gunther Kolb
    申请人:Diehl Aerospace GmbH；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DESCRIPTION
    The invention relates to a method for starting a fuel cell assembly, and a fuel cell assembly.
    DE 203 20 913 U1 discloses, for example, a method for starting a fuel cell assembly, and a fuel cell assembly. The known fuel cell assembly includes a fuel reserve, heating equipment and a fuel cell device. The heating equipment is heating equipment produced separately from the fuel cell device, which can only be used to start the fuel cell device by producing hot water and / or hot air. The fuel cell assembly can operate on a primary fuel consisting of butane or propane, which are usually also available for gas burners. In addition, the fuel cell assembly may include a latent heat accumulator to preheat the fuel cell after a restart. A reformer, then the fuel cell by a gas heated in the reformer, are then heated.
    Alternatively, document DE 203 20 913 also discloses heating equipment operating with electric current. This publication further provides for other heat sources, in particular electric heat sources, for heating a reformer and the fuel cell. The proposed system is complicated and takes up a lot of space. In addition, it is not suitable for fuel cells running on propylene glycol.
    EP 1 703 578 A1 discloses a fuel cell and reformer system with an external burner, as well as a method for starting the fuel cell and reformer system. To start the fuel cell and reformer system, you need a burner located outside the system to produce hot exhaust gas. The exhaust gas thus produced passes through part of the fuel cell and reformer system to heat the components of the fuel cell and reformer system to a specified temperature. By providing a burner exclusively used to start the system, the system needs the additional burner and thus has an increased volume. In addition, at the end of the start-up phase, there
    -2 avoid process gas return to the start-up burner, so an additional valve is necessary. In addition, such a burner often produces soot particles which can settle in the downstream reformer system. Covering a catalytic coating with soot particles decreases the efficiency and service life of the catalytic coating and reduces the possible heat transfer in heat exchangers. This greatly increases the maintenance requirements for such a system.
    The object of the invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the state of the art. In particular, it must provide an efficient method for starting a fuel cell assembly, the components of which can be used even during the continuous operation of the fuel cell assembly.
    The invention achieves this object by a method for starting a fuel cell assembly, comprising a fuel processor and a fuel cell, knowing that the fuel processor comprises the following components: a first evaporator, a reformer arranged downstream of the first evaporator, a steam conversion reactor, a PrOx reactor, a first heat exchanger, an afterburner and a start-up burner, characterized in that the process comprises the following stages:
    a) electric heating of a fuel processor heating device in order to heat a first gas,
    b) heating the fuel processor components to a fixed operating temperature by circulating the first heated gas through at least the first heat exchanger and the afterburner,
    c) catalytic combustion of a fuel vaporized or evaporated in the starting burner, then post-combustion of hydrogen in the post-burner in order to continue heating the first gas via at least one heat exchanger,
    d) introduction of the fuel into the preheated components of the fuel processor and stopping of the catalytic combustion in the starting burner,
    e) starting at least one reaction in the components of the fuel processor, until an outlet gas from a PrOx reactor has a predetermined CO content, and
    -3 f) switching on the fuel cell.
    "Fuel processor" means a set of reactors connected in series in which a fuel is converted by means of one or more reactions so as to produce a gas containing hydrogen which can be introduced into the fuel cell. During the reactions, it is especially necessary to reduce the CO content to a given value. Propylene glycol is particularly indicated as a fuel. The first gas contains oxygen. The fuel processor includes an evaporator in which the fuel is evaporated. Preferably, a mixture of propylene glycol and water is evaporated in the evaporator. The term "evaporation" also refers to the production of superheated steam.
    The reformer is a component of the fuel processor. In the reformer, the evaporated fuel, i.e. the second gas, is reformed by adding the first gas, so that a third hydrogen-containing gas is produced. The third gas contains parts of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen. The reformer is in exchange for heat with the post-burner, so that the post-burner can be used as heating for the reformer.
    Another component of the fuel processor is the so-called water vapor conversion reactor. The third gas is converted in the steam conversion reactor, with the addition of the first gas, to a fourth gas containing a lower proportion of carbon monoxide. The fourth gas is introduced into the so-called PrOx reactor, another component of the fuel processor, where it is converted to a fifth gas by additional addition of the first gas. In the PrOx reactor, the carbon monoxide content is further reduced, in particular by preferential oxidation of carbon monoxide. The fifth gas produced in the PrOx reactor can then be introduced into the fuel cell. The fifth gas contains hydrogen, from which electrical energy and water can be obtained in the fuel cell using an oxidizing agent.
    The fuel processor further includes at least the first heat exchanger, which is arranged such that it heats the evaporator. The fuel processor also includes the starter burner, which can be operated with the fuel. In steps a) and b), the fuel processor components
    -4 are heated by circulating the first heated gas, knowing that the first heat exchanger is heated by the first gas which flows through the evaporator, and that this first gas then circulates through the following components of the fuel processor: reformer , steam conversion reactor and PrOx reactor. The first heated gas flowing through the afterburner heats the reformer. The method uses only components that can be used even during continuous operation of the fuel cell assembly. The process does not produce harmful substances, in particular no soot, which would restrict the operation of the fuel cell.
    Preferably, step c) of the method comprises the introduction of a fuel downstream of the start-up burner and the post-combustion in a post-burner of the hydrogen and of the fuel introduced. By adding additional fuel to the post-burner, the temperature of the gas passing through the first heat exchanger is increased and the reformer is more strongly heated.
    According to an additional configuration, step c) of the method further comprises the use of a first heat exchanger having a catalytic coating, and the introduction of a fuel downstream of the post-burner and the catalytic combustion of the fuel in the first catalytically coated heat exchanger. The catalytic combustion in the first heat exchanger generates additional heat which, in this case, can be used directly to heat the evaporator. The first gas flowing through the evaporator is thus brought to a higher temperature.
    A mixture of propylene glycol and water is used appropriately as fuel. As the first gas, air is preferably used.
    The fuel processor conveniently includes a second heat exchanger, which heats the first gas upstream of the starter burner and which cools the first gas or a third gas downstream of the reformer and upstream of the steam conversion reactor. . This means that the first gas can be preheated before the start-up burner, in particular from step d), and that at the same time a predefined temperature profile can be established between the different components of the fuel processor. .
    According to a particularly preferred configuration, a heating device is electrically heated and / or a fuel is burned by catalysis in the starting burner, as desired. The provision of a heater and a catalytic combustion device in the starter burner in turn increases the degree of integration of the fuel cell assembly, thereby avoiding an additional separate device .
    In a suitable configuration, the starting burner is activated during the operation of the fuel cell. If a first gas continues to flow through the starter burner, an undesirable backflow, in particular of hydrogen, can be avoided without providing for another component.
    The invention further relates to a fuel cell assembly with a fuel processor and a fuel cell, comprising:
    a first evaporator, a reformer arranged downstream from the first evaporator, a steam conversion reactor, a PrOx reactor and a first heat exchanger, characterized in that the fuel processor comprises a start-up burner followed by 'A post-burner, which is arranged downstream of the PrOx reactor and upstream of the first heat exchanger, knowing that the first heat exchanger is preferably connected in heat transmission to the evaporator. The heat produced can thus be used to evaporate the fuel. In particular, the heat produced is used where it is needed. This increases the efficiency of the fuel cell assembly.
    Within the meaning of the invention, "connected in heat transmission" means that a heat exchange takes place between the elements connected in heat transmission. It is appropriate that two elements connected in heat transmission are arranged in a common housing or stacked one on the other, or that one of the elements is integrated in the other.
    Preferably, the starter burner comprises a heating device for electrically heating a first gas and a device for the catalytic combustion of a fuel. The heater may include a heat accumulator and / or a heating element
    -6electric. The start-up burner is therefore suitable both for generating a low temperature for a first start-up phase and for generating a higher temperature for a second start-up phase. The starter burner thus designed can also be used during the operation of the fuel cell to regulate the temperature of the fuel cell assembly or to regulate the exhaust gas from the fuel cell.
    The fuel cell assembly according to the invention allows a high degree of integration. The waste heat can be used optimally. The fuel cell assembly can operate without soot. This significantly reduces the maintenance cost of the fuel cell assembly.
    In an advantageous configuration, the starting burner has at least a first chamber and a second chamber, knowing that the first chamber intended for catalytic combustion has a coating of catalyst and that the second chamber is designed for the preheating of gas. The first bedroom can be arranged in the second bedroom. The catalyst coating is suitable for the combustion of a vaporized or evaporated mixture of propylene glycol and water. It is also preferably suitable for the combustion of hydrogen. This feature ensures that no unburned hydrogen can escape from the fuel cell assembly through the starter burner if the back pressure is insufficient.
    Preferably, the first chamber of the starting burner is preceded by a fuel atomization or evaporation device. The atomization or evaporation device can be part of the starter burner.
    The first heat exchanger conveniently includes a device for the catalytic combustion of a fuel. This device can in particular consist in that internal surfaces and / or plates arranged in the first heat exchanger are coated with a catalytic coating, and the fuel is burned by catalysis on this catalytic coating.
    According to a suitable additional configuration, the post-burner is connected in heat transmission to the reformer. The reformer can thus be heated by the post-burner.
    In the sense of the invention, "connected in heat transmission" means that a heat exchange takes place between the elements connected in heat transmission. It is appropriate that two elements connected in heat transmission are arranged in a common housing or stacked one on the other, or that one of the elements is integrated in the other.
    According to an additional configuration, the PrOx reactor is connected in heat transmission to a second evaporator and the second evaporator is designed to evaporate the fuel, knowing that the evaporated fuel can be introduced upstream of the reformer. In the PrOx reactor, heat is produced by the PrOx reaction, a preferred oxidation reaction. The heat produced can be used to further evaporate the fuel. This further increases the efficiency of the fuel cell assembly.
    A second heat exchanger is conveniently disposed upstream of the start-up burner, and the second heat exchanger is a counter-current heat exchanger which is designed to cool a gas downstream of the reformer and upstream of the conversion reactor to the water vapour. The second heat exchanger makes it possible at the same time to cool a gas leaving the reformer, the third gas, before introduction into the conversion reactor to water vapor, and at the same time to preheat a first gas, in particular of air, which must be introduced into the starter burner.
    According to an additional configuration, the steam conversion reactor is connected to a third heat exchanger which is designed to preheat the first gas, knowing that a supply line for the first heated gas is disposed between the burner of start-up and afterburner. This third heat exchanger thus serves to cool the steam conversion reactor and at the same time to heat a first gas to be introduced into the after-burner.
    A three-way valve is conveniently arranged downstream of the PrOx reactor, through which an exhaust gas from the PrOx reactor can be led, as desired, upstream of the start-up burner, downstream of the start-up burner by means of a battery bypass fuel, or downstream of the starter burner by the fuel cell.
    Such a three-way valve makes it possible to switch between different operating states of the fuel cell assembly. This valve increases the degree of integration of the battery assembly to
    -8combustible. If the PrOx reactor exhaust gas is introduced upstream of the start-up burner, the fuel processor components can be first heated to a first operating temperature, so that reactions in the fuel processor components can be started. . Through a bypass, the reactions in the fuel processor components can be controlled so that the exhaust gas from the PrOx reactor has the composition necessary to be introduced into the fuel cell. Switching on the fuel cell triggers the operation of the fuel cell.
    According to an additional configuration, the starting burner is arranged in line between the second heat exchanger and the post-burner. The starter burner is thus fully integrated into the arrangement of the fuel cell assembly.
    The following description explains the invention in more detail with drawings. The drawings are schematic representations including:
    Figure 1 shows the structure of a fuel cell assembly according to the invention with a fuel processor, Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a fuel processor, Figure 3 is a block diagram of a set of fuel cell with fuel processor, Figure 4 is a block diagram of the fuel processor during a first phase of the start-up procedure, Figure 5 is a block diagram during catalytic combustion in the starter burner, Figure 6 is a block diagram during partial load reforming, and Figure 7 is a block diagram during operation of the fuel cell.
    FIG. 1 represents the essential components of a fuel cell assembly 1, which comprises a fuel processor 2 and a fuel cell 70. The fuel processor 2 comprises the following fuel processor components: a first evaporator 10, a reformer 20, a steam conversion reactor 30 and a PrOx reactor 40. A fuel B is evaporated by the first evaporator
    -910. The second gas leaving the first evaporator 10 is designated by the reference G2. The second gas G2 is introduced with a first gas G1 into the reformer 20, in which it is converted into a third gas G3. By adding a first gas G1, the third gas G3 can be introduced into the steam conversion reactor 30, where it is converted into a fourth gas G4. By adding the first gas Gl, the fourth gas G4 is introduced into the PrOx 40 reactor. The exhaust gas from the PrOx 40 reactor forms a fifth gas G5, which can be introduced into the fuel cell 70. A sixth gas G6 is produced in the form of exhaust gas from the fuel cell 70, which gas is burned in an afterburner 21 by adding the first gas G1 and / or the second gas G2. A start-up burner 50 is necessary to start the illustrated assembly of fuel cell 1.
    FIG. 2 represents the fuel processor 2, which includes the first evaporator 10, the reformer 20, the water vapor conversion reactor 30, the PrOx reactor 40, the start-up burner 50, the post-burner 21 and a first heat exchanger 11. The components of the fuel processor are fluidly connected together in the above order. Each of these fuel processor components has a housing, an input and an output. In particular, each component also has a second entry. The first evaporator 10 and the first heat exchanger 11 are arranged so that the first evaporator 10 can be heated by the first heat exchanger 11. The reformer 20 and the post-burner 21 are interconnected so that the reformer 20 can be heated by the after-burner 21. The exhaust gas from the first heat exchanger 11 is discharged from the fuel cell assembly 1. The PrOx reactor 40 includes a second outlet for supplying a gas to the fuel cell 70, or a line connected between the PrOx reactor 40 and the start-up burner 50 and provided with a line bypass, in particular a valve. An additional inlet is provided between the start-up burner 50 and the after-burner 21, through which the PrOx 40 reactor can be connected or hydrogen can be introduced.
    FIG. 3 schematically represents an exemplary embodiment of the fuel cell assembly 1. The first evaporator 10 is coupled in heat transmission to the first heat exchanger
    11. Optionally, a fourth heat exchanger 12 can also be
    - 10 coupled to the first evaporator 10 in heat transmission. The fuel B is introduced into the first evaporator 10. The outlet of the first evaporator 10 is fluidly connected to the reformer 20 via a first line L1. A second line L2, through which the first gas Gl is introduced into the first line L1, opens into the first line L1. The second line L2 is connected to the fourth heat exchanger 12. The third gas G3 produced in the reformer 20 is conveyed by a third line L3 to a second heat exchanger 60 then, downstream of the second heat exchanger 60, by a fourth line L4 in the water vapor conversion reactor 30. A pipe for the supply of the first gas G1 can lead into the fourth pipe L4. The fourth gas G4 produced in the water vapor conversion reactor 30 is introduced into the PrOx 40 reactor via a fifth line L5. A supply line for the first gas G1 can lead into the fifth line L5. The steam conversion reactor 30 is connected in heat transmission to a third heat exchanger 31.
    The PrOx 40 reactor has an additional input to introduce the first Gl gas. In the configuration shown, the PrOx reactor 40 is connected in heat transmission to a second evaporator 41. This allows the heat produced in the PrOx 40 reactor to be dissipated. The second evaporator 41 comprises a supply line for the introduction of fuel B, and an outlet which opens into the first pipe L1 via a sixth pipe L6. The first evaporator 10 and the second evaporator 41 can be designed alternately or in addition as superheaters.
    The exhaust gas produced in the PrOx 40 reactor, the fifth gas G5, is led to a three-way valve 80 by a seventh line L7. Three lines run off from the three-way valve 80: an eighth line L8 leads from the three-way valve 80 to a supply line for the starter burner 50, which is identified as the twelfth line with the reference L12, a ninth line L9 opens into a post-burner supply line 21, which is the thirteenth line L13, and a tenth line L10 leads from the three-way valve 80 to the fuel cell 70. The exhaust gas from the cell fuel 70 is conveyed via an eleventh line L11 to the thirteenth line L13. The ninth line L9 and the eleventh line
    - 11 Lll can lead into one another, so that only one of the two lines L9, Lll leads into the thirteenth line L13.
    Via the twelfth line L12, either the fifth gas G5 or the first gas G1 is introduced into the starting burner 50 and is burned or even heated there. The exhaust gas from the start-up burner 50 and / or the air heated in the start-up burner 50 is supplied to the after-burner 21 via the thirteenth line L13. The exhaust gas from the post-burner 21 is brought into the first heat exchanger 11 via a fourteenth line L14, possibly with the addition of additional fuel B, and it leaves the heat exchanger 11 as the seventh gas G7 .
    The first heat exchanger 11 is equipped with a catalytic combustion device for fuel B. The catalytic combustion device for the first heat exchanger 11 is produced in the form of a catalytic coating of plates arranged in the first heat exchanger 11 .
    The start-up burner 50 comprises a heating device which can be electrically heated, and a device for the catalytic combustion of a fuel B. The start-up burner 50 preferably comprises a nozzle not shown in FIG. 3 for atomization or the evaporation of fuel B, so that combustion can take place with higher efficiency. Alternatively, the start-up burner 50 can be equipped with an additional evaporator to evaporate the fuel. Upstream of the twelfth line L12, the first gas G1 can be directed against the current through the second heat exchanger 60, so that the first gas G1 already heated can be introduced into the start-up burner 50.
    Figure 4 is a block diagram showing the fuel processor components of the fuel cell assembly 1 that are required for a first start-up phase, and the associated gas line. In a first start-up phase intended to heat the components of the fuel processor, only of the first gas G1 is directed through the components of the fuel processor. The first gas G1 is introduced by the first evaporator 10, or expediently by the fourth heat exchanger 12 thermally connected to the first evaporator 10. The first gas G1 passes successively through the reformer 20, the second heat exchanger 60 optionally present, the reactor 30 conversion to water vapor and the PrOx reactor
    - 1240, and is brought from the PrOx reactor 40 to the start-up burner 50. The start-up burner 50 has a heating device and thus heats the first gas Gl. The first gas G1 reheated in the start-up burner 50 flows through the after-burner 21 and the first heat exchanger 11. The first heat exchanger 11 transfers the heat to the first evaporator 10 and to the fourth heat exchanger 12 possibly present. The post-burner 21 heats the reformer 20.
    If a second heat exchanger 60 is present, it is possible to introduce first additional gas Gl into the second heat exchanger 60 upstream of the twelfth line 12. The components of the fuel processor 2 are brought to a first temperature T1 by this stage of the process.
    The second start-up phase is shown in the functional diagram of FIG. 5. The start-up burner 50 is heated to a second temperature T2 by catalytic combustion of a fuel B. The first gas Gl flows through the first evaporator 10 and / or the fourth heat exchanger 12. The air which is heated therein passes successively through the reformer 20, optionally the second heat exchanger 60, the steam conversion reactor 30 as well as the PrOx reactor 40, and is introduced upstream of the starting burner 50 in the twelfth line L12. In the starting burner 50, the fuel B now vaporized or evaporated is burned by catalysis. Optionally, the heater can also be electrically heated. The exhaust gas from the start-up burner 50 is conveyed via the thirteenth line L13 to the post-burner 21. Optionally, additional fuel B can be introduced into the thirteenth line L13. The exhaust gas from the start-up burner 50 as well as any fuel B that may be introduced are burned in the post-burner 21. If, as shown in FIG. 5, the post-burner 21 is connected to the reformer 20 in heat transmission, the waste heat from the post-burner 21 can be used for additional heating of the reformer 20. The exhaust gas from the post-burner 21 is conveyed via the fourteenth line L14 to the first heat exchanger 11. In the case of a first exchanger heat 11 fitted with a catalytic combustion device, additional fuel B can be introduced into the fourteenth line L14, so that additional catalytic combustion of fuel B is carried out in the first
    - 13 heat exchanger 11. The gas leaving the first heat exchanger is the seventh gas G7. The waste heat then produced is also used to heat the first evaporator 10 and if necessary the fourth heat exchanger 12.
    Figure 6 shows a block diagram of what is called partial load reforming, which follows the second start-up phase when the fuel cell is not yet switched on. During this stage of the process, the fuel B is also introduced into the first evaporator 10. In addition, fuel B can also be introduced into the second evaporator 41. During this stage of the process, the expected reactions are carried out in the various components of the fuel processor 2, namely the reformer 20, the water vapor conversion reactor 30 and the PrOx reactor 40. The exhaust gas from the PrOx 40 reactor, the fifth gas G5, is introduced in this stage of the process in the thirteenth line L13 downstream of the start-up burner 50 and upstream of the post-burner 21. In this stage of the process, the start-up burner 50 and, where appropriate, the second heat exchanger 60 mounted upstream are used to supply the first heated gas Gl. The start-up burner 50 can optionally further heat the first gas G1 by electric heating of the heating device.
    The reaction in the PrOx 40 reactor is started either by introducing the first Gl gas into the fifth line L5, or by introducing the first Gl gas by an additional inlet in the PrOx 40 reactor.
    To end the start-up procedure or for the complete operation of the fuel cell assembly 1, the fuel cell 70 is coupled to the fuel processor 2. This means that the exhaust gas from the PrOx reactor 40 is introduced into the fuel cell 70. This is shown in FIG. 7. The exhaust gas from the fuel cell 70, in particular an anode gas from the fuel cell 70, is returned downstream from the burner of starting 50 and upstream of the post-burner 21 in the fuel processor 2. The other reactions in the fuel processor 2 continue in the reformer 20, the steam conversion reactor 30 and the PrOx reactor 40. The exhaust gas from the fuel cell is subjected to afterburning in the post-burner 21 possibly with the addition of
    - 14 fuel B, or burned by catalysis in the first heat exchanger 11 with the addition of additional fuel B. The seventh gas G7 is evacuated from the heat exchanger IL In this stage of the process also, from the first gas G1 possibly preheated still flows through the starter burner 50.
    The parts, components, elements and constitutive objects of the invention represented in the attached figures are referenced as follows:
    : fuel cell assembly: fuel processor: first evaporator: first heat exchanger: fourth heat exchanger: reformer: post-burner: steam conversion reactor: third heat exchanger: PrOx reactor: second evaporator: start-up burner: second heat exchanger: fuel cell: three-way valve
    B: fuel
    G1: first gas
    G2: second gas
    G3: third gas
    G4: fourth gas
    G5: fifth gas
    G6: sixth gas
    G7: seventh gas
    LI: first driving
    L2: second line
    L3: third line
    L4: fourth line
    L5: fifth line
    L6: sixth line
    - 15L7: seventh pipe
    L8: eighth line
    L9: ninth line
    L10: tenth driving
    Lll: eleventh conduct
    L12: twelfth line
    L13: thirteenth driving
    L14: fourteenth pipe
    Tl: first temperature
    T2: second temperature
    Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described and shown in the accompanying drawings. Modifications remain possible, in particular from the point of view of the constitution of the various elements or by substitution of technical equivalents, without thereby departing from the scope of protection of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Method for starting a fuel cell assembly (I), comprising a fuel processor (2) and a fuel cell (70), knowing that the fuel processor (2) comprises the following components: a first evaporator ( 10), a reformer (20) arranged downstream of the first evaporator (10), a reactor (30) for conversion to water vapor, a PrOx reactor (40), a first heat exchanger (II), a post -burner (21) and a start-up burner (50), characterized in that said method comprises the following stages:
    a) electric heating of a fuel processor heating device (2) in order to heat a first gas (Gl),
    b) heating the components of the fuel processor (2) to a fixed operating temperature by circulating the first heated gas (Gl) through at least the first heat exchanger (11) and the after-burner (21),
    c) catalytic combustion of a vaporized or evaporated fuel (B) in the starting burner (50), then post-combustion of hydrogen in the post-burner (21) in order to continue heating the first gas (Gl) via the minus a heat exchanger,
    d) introduction of the fuel (B) into the preheated components of the fuel processor (2) and stopping of the catalytic combustion in the starting burner (50),
    e) starting at least one reaction in the components of the fuel processor (2), until an outlet gas from a PrOx reactor (40) has a predetermined CO content, and
    f) switching on the fuel cell (70).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that step c) comprises:
    introduction of a fuel (B) downstream of the start-up burner (50) and post-combustion in a post-burner (21) of the hydrogen and of the introduced fuel (B).
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that step c) comprises:
    - 17 use of a first heat exchanger (11) having a catalytic coating, and introduction of a fuel (B) downstream of the post-burner (21) and catalytic combustion of the fuel (B) in the first heat exchanger ( 11) with catalytic coating.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a mixture of propylene glycol and water is used as fuel (B).
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that air is used as the first gas (Gl).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fuel processor (2) comprises a second heat exchanger (60), which heats the first gas (Gl) upstream of the start-up burner (50) and which cools the first gas (Gl) or a third gas (G3) downstream of the reformer (20) and upstream of the steam conversion reactor (30).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, as desired, a heating device is electrically heated and / or a fuel (B) is burned by catalysis in the starting burner (50).
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the start-up burner (50) is activated during the operation of the fuel cell (70).
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Fuel cell assembly (1) with a fuel processor (2) and a fuel cell (70), comprising:
    a first evaporator (10), a reformer (20) arranged downstream of the first evaporator (10), a reactor (30) for conversion to water vapor, a PrOx reactor (40) and a first heat exchanger (11 ), characterized in that the fuel processor (2) comprises a start-up burner (50) followed by an after-burner (21), which is arranged downstream of the PrOx reactor (40) and upstream of the first heat exchanger heat (11).
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Fuel cell assembly (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the starting burner (50) comprises a device
    - 18 to electrically heat a first gas (Gl) and a device for the catalytic combustion of a fuel (B).
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Fuel cell assembly (1) according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the first heat exchanger (11) comprises a device for the catalytic combustion of a fuel (B).
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. Fuel cell assembly (1) according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the post-burner (21) is connected in heat transmission to the reformer (20).
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    13. Fuel cell assembly (1) according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the PrOx reactor (40) is connected in heat transmission to a second evaporator (41) and the second evaporator (41 ) is designed to evaporate the fuel (B), knowing that the evaporated fuel (B) can be introduced upstream of the reformer (20).
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    14. Fuel cell assembly (1) according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that a second heat exchanger (60) is arranged upstream of the starting burner (50), and the second exchanger heat (60) is a countercurrent heat exchanger which is designed to cool a gas downstream of the reformer (20) and upstream of the steam conversion reactor (30).
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    15. Fuel cell assembly (1) according to any one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that the reactor (30) for conversion to water vapor is connected to a third heat exchanger (31) which is designed to preheat the first gas (Gl), knowing that a supply line for the first heated gas (Gl) is arranged between the start-up burner (50) and the after-burner (21).
    [16" id="c-fr-0016]
    16. Fuel cell assembly (1) according to any one of claims 9 to 15, characterized in that a three-way valve (80) is arranged downstream of the PrOx reactor (40), by which a gas of the PrOx reactor exhaust (40) can be driven, as desired, upstream of the start-up burner (50), downstream of the start-up burner (50) by a bypass of the fuel cell (70), or downstream of the starter burner (50) by the fuel cell (70).
    [17" id="c-fr-0017]
    17. Fuel cell assembly (1) according to any one of claims 9 to 16, characterized in that the starting burner (50) is arranged in line between the second heat exchanger (60) and the post-burner (21).
    1/6
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    US7374833B2|2008-05-20|Device for a fuel cell supply
    JP5292389B2|2013-09-18|Hydrogen system and method for starting hydrogen system
    JP2020517070A|2020-06-11|Fuel cell system with annular reformer
    FR3063181A1|2018-08-24|METHOD FOR STARTING A FUEL CELL ARRAY, AND CORRESPONDING ASSEMBLY
    JP2010534911A|2010-11-11|FUEL CELL AND METHOD FOR OPERATING FUEL CELL DEVICE
    US7374591B2|2008-05-20|Method for starting a gas generating system
    JP2005353347A|2005-12-22|Fuel cell system
    US20060292410A1|2006-12-28|Fuel cell system for a vehicle
    CN111226337A|2020-06-02|Burner for fuel cell system having two reaction chambers
    WO2004059769A1|2004-07-15|System for reformation of fuel for supply to a fuel cell on a motor vehicle and method for operation thereof
    JP2010509716A|2010-03-25|Fuel cell system with a device for preheating the cathode charge
    JP3627687B2|2005-03-09|Fuel cell reformer
    US8163428B2|2012-04-24|Fuel cell system and method for operating the same
    JPH1186893A|1999-03-30|Fuel cell system
    WO2006040490A1|2006-04-20|Electric generator for motor vehicle
    EP1733446B1|2013-12-25|Device and method for cooling the power module of a fuel cell
    EP1733447B1|2013-12-04|Device and method for cooling a electricity generating unit comprising a fuel cell
    JP4049526B2|2008-02-20|Method for starting reformer for fuel cell
    JP2020113526A|2020-07-27|Fuel cell system and fuel cell system starting method
    JP2007103034A|2007-04-19|Fuel cell system and its starting method
    FR2899020A1|2007-09-28|Power module for use in e.g. motor vehicle, has catalytic burner supplied with anodic gas obtained from cell, oxygen rich gas and/or fuel, and another catalytic burner supplied with burned gas obtained from former burner and with fuel
    FR2904476A1|2008-02-01|Power module for motor vehicle, has anodic evacuation circuit mounted in downstream of fuel cell and connecting outlet of anodic compartment and burner, and phase-splitter circuits mounted in upstream of burner and downstream of fuel cell
    FR2879026A1|2006-06-09|ELECTRIC POWER GENERATING SYSTEM HOSTED ON A MOTOR VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH A FUEL CELL AND ASSOCIATED METHOD
    FR2886765A1|2006-12-08|Fuel cell system for motor vehicle, has condenser condensing water vapor resulting from combustion reaction of hydrogen and oxygen which are separated by separation membranes of separation enclosure, and pump circulating condensed water
    FR2865854A1|2005-08-05|Electric generator for motor vehicle, has reformer linked with catalytic burner and supplied with water from tank, and exchanger to exchange heat with water and/or fuel cell and compressed air and/or combustion gas of burner
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN108461781A|2018-08-28|
    BR102018003010A2|2018-10-30|
    DE102017001564B4|2020-01-16|
    CN108461781B|2022-02-01|
    US20180241057A1|2018-08-23|
    DE102017001564A1|2018-08-23|
    US10727510B2|2020-07-28|
    CA2995186A1|2018-08-20|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP0921585A2|1997-12-05|1999-06-09|dbb fuel cell engines GmbH|Device and method for steam reforming of hydrocarbons|
    EP0924161A2|1997-12-16|1999-06-23|dbb fuel cell engines GmbH|Process for operating a steam reformer, reformer using this process and process for operating a fuel cells system|
    US20030093950A1|2001-11-19|2003-05-22|Goebel Steven G.|Integrated fuel processor for rapid start and operational control|
    EP1465274A2|2003-04-03|2004-10-06|J. Eberspächer GmbH Co. KG|Fuel cell system and a burner arrangement for a fuel cell system|
    DE20320913U1|2003-12-22|2005-05-19|Truma Gerätetechnik GmbH & Co. KG|Reformer fuel cell system for a mobile device/space with a useful storage capacity has a fuel cell to generate electric current via a hydrogen-rich gas and a heating device|
    EP1703578A1|2005-03-16|2006-09-20|Truma Gerätetechnik GmbH & Co.|Reformer-fuel cell system with external burner|
    JP2002543033A|1999-05-03|2002-12-17|ヌーベラヒューエルセルズ|Self heat exchange reformer with integrated shift bed, preferential oxidation reactor, auxiliary reactor and equipment control|
    EP0924162A3|1997-12-16|1999-10-20|dbb fuel cell engines GmbH|Membrane for the separation of hydrogen, methanol reformer using this membrane and process for its operation|
    US6921595B2|2000-05-31|2005-07-26|Nuvera Fuel Cells, Inc.|Joint-cycle high-efficiency fuel cell system with power generating turbine|
    US6846585B2|2002-03-08|2005-01-25|General Motors Corporation|Method for quick start-up of a fuel processing system using controlled staged oxidation|
    US7537738B2|2003-01-21|2009-05-26|Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc.|Fuel processing system having a membrane separator|
    WO2006009495A1|2004-07-19|2006-01-26|Ab Volvo|Method of starting a fuel reforming process and a fuel reforming system|
    US20060251934A1|2005-05-09|2006-11-09|Ion America Corporation|High temperature fuel cell system with integrated heat exchanger network|
    JP4839821B2|2005-12-19|2011-12-21|カシオ計算機株式会社|Power supply system, power supply system control device, and power supply system control method|
    CN103236555B|2012-11-05|2015-01-28|华中科技大学|Solid oxide fuel cell system and thermoelectricity synergic control method|
    US10297847B2|2014-12-01|2019-05-21|Htceramix S.A.|SOFC system and method of operating a SOFC system|
    CN206907859U|2017-05-27|2018-01-19|晋城市阿邦迪能源有限公司|Ethanol reformation fuel cell generation|DE102019110343A1|2019-04-18|2020-10-22|e.Go REX GmbH|CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR AN ON-BOARD NETWORK OF AN ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN MOTOR VEHICLE AND A METHOD FOR OPERATING SUCH A CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT|
    CN111403772B|2020-03-06|2020-11-17|电子科技大学|Cold starting device of fuel cell and control method thereof|
    法律状态:
    2020-02-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2020-05-22| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20200522 |
    2021-02-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2022-02-16| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102017001564.3|2017-02-20|
    DE102017001564.3A|DE102017001564B4|2017-02-20|2017-02-20|Method for starting a fuel cell arrangement and fuel cell arrangement|
    [返回顶部]