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    • 专利摘要:
    An apparatus includes a first group of perforation guns positioned circumferentially about a central longitudinal axis at a first axial position. The apparatus includes a second group of perforation guns positioned circumferentially about the central longitudinal axis at a second axial position. The first and second groups are configured in a closed position while the apparatus is lowered to a perforation position in a wellbore. After the descent of the apparatus to the piercing position, the first and second groups must move to an extended position and the first group must move axially so that the first group and the second group overlap at least partially.
    公开号:FR3062671A1
    申请号:FR1850001
    申请日:2018-01-02
    公开日:2018-08-10
    发明作者:Richard Ellis Robey；Christopher C. Hoelscher
    申请人:Halliburton Energy Services Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    PERFORATOR COMPRISING MOBILE GROUPS OF PERFORATION GUNS
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    The disclosure relates, in general, to the field of hydrocarbon production and, more particularly, the drilling of wells.
    During the production of hydrocarbons, a selective establishment of fluid communication can be created between the interior of a tubular column, such as a casing, a lost column, a tube, or equivalent, and the space ring surrounding the tubular column. Communication can be established by creating one or more tubular perforations. Generally, highly explosive shaped charges can be used to create the perforations. The explosion of the hollow charges can be carried out at a selected location at the bottom of the well, which often creates a jet of hydrodynamically formed material which penetrates into the tubular column, thereby forming an opening.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    The embodiments of the disclosure can be better understood by referring to the accompanying drawings.
    FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a system which includes a perforation tool, according to certain embodiments.
    FIG. 2 represents a cross section of a group of perforation guns in a closed position, according to certain embodiments.
    FIG. 3 represents two groups of perforation guns, in which the two groups are in the closed position while they are lowered into a wellbore, according to certain embodiments.
    FIG. 4 represents the two groups of perforation guns in the wellbore, in which the first group is in a deployed position and the second group remains in the closed position, according to certain embodiments.
    FIG. 5 represents the two groups of perforation guns in the wellbore, in which the two groups are in the deployed position, according to certain embodiments.
    FIG. 6 represents the two groups of perforation guns in the wellbore, in which the two groups remain in the deployed position and the first group is moved axially to overlap at least partially the second group, according to certain modes of production.
    7 shows a cross section of the two groups of perforation guns in the deployed position, according to certain embodiments.
    FIG. 8 represents a diagram of operations for configuring at least two groups of perforation guns for the purposes of perforation in a wellbore, according to certain embodiments.
    FIG. 9 shows an example of a computer system, according to certain embodiments.
    DESCRIPTION
    The following description includes examples of systems, apparatus, and methods which embody aspects of the disclosure. However, it is understood that the present disclosure can be put into practice without these specific details. For example, the present disclosure refers to borehole perforations for the production of hydrocarbons in illustrative examples. The aspects of this disclosure can also be applied to any other punching applications. In other cases, well-known instructions, structures and techniques have not been presented in detail so as not to obscure the description.
    Various embodiments include punching tools for punching wellbore in the production and recovery of hydrocarbons. For example, a punching tool, according to some embodiments, can be used in a wellbore to create holes in casings or other tubular elements to provide a passage for the flow of a fluid. Alternatively or in addition, such a perforation tool can also be used to penetrate a formation surrounding a wellbore. Some embodiments provide increased explosive conditioning, reduced fluid spaces, and high flow areas. Examples of downhole applications that can take advantage of these features include a hole for abandonment of a well, restrictions on a wellbore above the hole, and stratified tanks. For example, extremely high flow areas in casing may be necessary for a washing or cementing process before abandoning a well.
    In some embodiments, a perforation tool may include a first group of perforation guns in a first axial position and in a closed position around a central element or sleeve. The punching tool may include a second group of punching barrels at a second axial position and in the closed position around the element or central sleeve. The first and the groups of perforation guns can remain in the closed position until the perforation tool is lowered to a perforation position at the bottom of the well where a perforation is to occur. For example, in the closed position, a diameter of the first and second groups can be at a minimum. In the closed position, the first group of perforation barrels can be arranged so that the barrels are in tangential contact. Similarly, in the closed position, the second group of perforation barrels can be arranged so that the barrels are in tangential contact.
    Once the perforation tool has reached a position at the bottom of the well where a perforation is to occur, the first and second groups of perforation cannons can be deployed from the central element to a position deployed at a second radial position. For example, the first and second groups of perforation guns can be deployed to a second radial position to be in contact with the casing or formation. The first group can be moved axially so that the first group and the second group at least partially overlap. In certain embodiments, the perforation guns of the first group are arranged so as to be out of phase with respect to the perforation guns of the second group. As a result, after the first group and the second group overlap, a denser group of punches is formed than either of the two groups separately.
    Thus, individual perforation cannons can be hinged towards the perforation target and can allow the individual perforation cannons to come into contact with the casing or the exposed formation. In addition, a reduced diameter of groups of perforator guns in different phases can be lowered into the wellbore. These groups can then be joined (for example, at least partially overlapping) to create a large effective diameter perforating tool with a high explosive density (small phasing angle between the barrels).
    Example system
    FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a system which comprises a perforation tool, according to certain embodiments. As illustrated in FIG. 1, a wellbore maintenance system 100 comprises a maintenance platform 102 which extends over and around a wellbore 104 which penetrates into an underground formation 14.
    The wellbore 104 can be used to recover hydrocarbons, to store hydrocarbons, to get rid of various fluids (for example, recovered water, carbon dioxide, etc.), to recover water ( for example, potable water), to recover geothermal energy, or the like. The wellbore 104 can be drilled in the underground formation 106, according to any suitable drilling technique. Although illustrated as extending vertically from the surface in Figure 1, in some embodiments, the wellbore 104 may be horizontal, deflected to any suitable angle, and / or curved over one or more parts of the wellbore 104. The wellbore 104 generally includes an opening disposed in the ground having a variety of shapes and / or geometries, and the wellbore 104 may be cased, uncased, and / or cupped.
    The maintenance platform 102 can be one of a drilling platform, a completion platform, a reconditioning platform, a maintenance platform, or another mast structure and can support a tubular column of wellbore 108 in the wellbore 104. In certain embodiments, a different structure can support the tubular column of the wellbore 108, for example an injector head of a spiral tube platform. In some embodiments, the maintenance platform 102 may include a derrick with a working bridge through which the tubular wellbore column 108 extends downward from the maintenance platform 102 into the wellbore drilling 104. In some embodiments, such as at an offshore location, the maintenance platform 102 may be supported by piers extending down to the seabed. The maintenance platform 102 can be supported by columns resting on hulls and / or on pontoons which are ballasted under the surface of the water, which can be called semi-submersible platform. In an offshore location, casing can extend from the maintenance platform 102 to exclude seawater. It is understood that other transport mechanisms can control the integration and removal of the tubular column from wellbore 108 in wellbore 104, for example a traction work coupled to a lifting device, a smooth cable mimic, a wired line imitator (for example, as a winching device), another maintenance, a spiral tube unit and / or any other device.
    The wellbore tubular column 108 may include various wellbore tubular members 110, a punching tool 112 and, optionally, other tools and / or assemblies located above and / or below the punching tool 112. The wellbore tubular members 110 may include any type of production train or production column, including, but not limited to, a production tube, a train of pipes joints, a smooth cable, a power line, a spiral tube, and other types of transportation known in the fields of drilling, completion or logging for transporting tools, such as the perforating tool 112 , down a borehole.
    In some embodiments, the perforation tool 112 may include two or more than two groups of perforation guns (described above in more detail). Each perforation cannon may comprise one or more explosive charges which can be triggered to explode, to perforate casing, if present, a wall of the borehole 104, and / or to form perforation tunnels in the underground formation 106. Perforation can recover fluids, such as hydrocarbons, from underground formation 106, for surface production, to store introduced fluids (eg, hydrocarbons, aqueous fluids, etc.) in underground formation 106, and / or getting rid of various fluids in underground formation 106.
    The perforation tool 112 may include a plurality of shaped charges. Generally, the explosive charge assemblies used, as well as the perforation charges, comprise a generally cylindrical or cup-shaped housing having an open end, within which is mounted a shaped explosive generally configured in the form of a hollow cone having its side concave opposite the open end of the housing. The concave surface of the explosive is covered with a thin metallic coating which is pushed by an explosion to hydrodynamically form a jet of material having fluid-like properties during the explosion of the explosive. This jet of viscous material has good penetrating power to pierce the well pipe, its concrete covering and the surrounding earth formation. Typically, explosive charge assemblies are configured so that the coatings along their concave surface define simple conical coatings having a small radius apex at a radius angle of about 5 degrees to about 60 degrees. Other loads have an apex having a hemispherical, half-ellipse, part of a parabola, part of a hyperbola, semicircle, cone, frustoconical, or other shape with a coating having a uniform thickness.
    Generally, explosive materials, such as HMX, RDX, PYX or HNS, are coated or mixed with binders, such as a wax, or synthetic polymer reactive binders, such as that sold under the trade name of KEL- F. The resulting mixture is hot or cold pressed to approximately 90% of its theoretical maximum density directly in the explosive charge mounting box. The resulting explosive charge assemblies are triggered by means of an auxiliary detonator or a priming charge positioned at or near the top of the explosive charge assembly and located so that a detonating fuse, a detonating cord or a detonator can be positioned near the primer charge.
    Explosive charge assemblies can be designed either in the form of charges with high penetration, or in the form of charges for large diameter hole. Generally, explosive charge assemblies designed for use in piercing guns can contain 5 to 60 grams of a powerful explosive, and those designed as high penetration charges can generally penetrate concrete from 10 inches to 50 inches. Large-diameter explosive charge hole kits for use in cannons can create holes on the order of about an inch in diameter and penetrate concrete about 9 inches.
    Example of a perforation tool
    Figure 2 shows a cross section of a group of perforation guns in a closed position, according to some embodiments. FIG. 2 represents a cross section of a group 200 within a casing 202 of a wellbore. Referring to FIG. 1, the group 200 can be part of the perforation tool 112 positioned in the wellbore 104. In certain applications, the wellbore may or may not include a casing. For example, 202 may be the surrounding subsurface formation in place of the casing around the wellbore. Group 200 includes punch cannons 208, 210, 212, 214, 216, and 218. The number of punch cannons in a group can be smaller or larger than the example of five shown in Figure 2. Each the perforation barrel may be located in an individually sealed hollow holder, in which each perforation barrel may include explosive shaped charges which are triggered upon perforation, as further described above. Additionally, one or more similar groups can be positioned above or below group 200 in a punching tool, as further described below.
    As shown in Figure 2, the group 200 is in a closed position, which can be defined as being a first axial position. In the closed position, a fluid space 206 is defined between the internal wall of the casing 202 and the perforation barrels 208 to 218. A central element 204 may be in the center of the group 200. The central element 204 may comprise a tool with diametric deployment to move the perforation guns 208 to 218 outward towards the casing 202 in a deployed position (a second axial position), as further described below. In some embodiments, the perforation barrels 208 to 218 may be positioned circumferentially at a first equal angular spacing around the central member 204. In the closed position, the perforation barrels 208 to 216 may be close to the the central element 204 or in contact with the central element 204. In addition, in the closed position, each of the perforation cannons 208 to 216 can be close to the two adjacent perforation cannons or in contact with the two adjacent perforation cannons. For example, the perforation cannon 208 may be in contact with the perforation cannons 210 and 216. The perforation cannons 210 and 212 may be in contact with each other. The punch cannons 212 and 214 can be in contact with each other. The perforation guns 214 and 216 can be in contact with each other.
    FIG. 3 represents two groups of perforation guns, in which the two groups are in the closed position while they are lowered into a wellbore, according to certain embodiments. In this example, FIG. 3 represents the group 200 and a group 300 positioned in the wellbore 202. The groups 200 and 300 are in two different axial positions along a central longitudinal axis of the central element 204. The group 200 is at a first axial position. The group 300 is in a second axial position. As described above, the group 200 comprises five perforation cannons 208 to 218. Similarly, the group 300 can also comprise five perforation cannons. Because of the angle of view, Figure 3 shows only four of the five perforation cannons in group 300 - perforation cannons 308,
    310, 314, and 316. The fifth perforation cannon for group 300 is shown in Figures 6 and 7 in the form of a perforation cannon 602, which is further described below. The perforation guns of group 300 are in the closed position.
    In the closed position, the perforation cannons in the group 300 can be close to the central element 204 or in contact with the central element 204. In addition, in the closed position, each of the perforation cannons in the group 300 may be close to the two adjacent perforation guns or in contact with the two adjacent perforation guns. For example, the perforation barrel 308 may be in contact with the perforation cannons 310 and 316. The perforation cannons 310 and 602 (shown in Figures 6 and 7) may be in contact with each other. Punch guns 602 and 314 can be in contact with each other. Punch guns 314 and 316 can be in contact with each other.
    Each perforation cannon in group 300 can be in an individually sealed hollow support, in which each perforation cannon can comprise explosive shaped charges which are triggered during a perforation, as described above. In some embodiments, the perforation cannons of group 300 may be positioned circumferentially at the first equal angular spacing around the central member 204. Therefore, the perforation cannons in group 200 and the perforation cannons in the group 300 can have an identical angular spacing. Although having the same angular spacing, in some embodiments, the perforation guns in group 300 have a phase shift with respect to the perforation guns in group 200. For example, the perforation guns in group 300 can have an angular spacing with a phase shift of approximately a quarter to a half of the value of the angular spacing of the perforation guns in group 200. With both groups 200 and 300 in the closed position, there is a fluid space between each group and the wall of the wellbore.
    In some embodiments, the perforation guns in the group 200 and the perforation guns in the group 300 may have different angular spacings. Although in this example the same number of punch cannons is shown in each group, in some other embodiments, the number of punch cannons can vary between groups. In addition, although two groups are shown in this example, in some other embodiments, there may be a larger number of groups in the punching tool, in which each of the different groups is positioned at a position different axial along the central member 204 in the closed positions while the punching tool is lowered to the punching position in the wellbore.
    Figures 4 to 7 show the movements and positions of groups 200 and 300 after the descent of the punching tool to a position in the wellbore where the punching must take place. FIG. 4 shows the two groups of perforation guns in the wellbore, in which the first group is in a deployed position and the second group remains in the closed position, according to certain embodiments. In this example, the perforation guns 208, 210, 212, 214, and 216 in group 200 remain in the closed position.
    However, the perforation guns 308, 310, 602, 314, and 316 in the group 300 are moved to a second radial position which can be defined as being a deployed position. The perforation cannons in group 300 can be moved to the deployed position by articulating a deployable part of the central element 204 which is coupled to the perforation cannons in group 300. The deployable part of the central element 204 is shown on Figure 7, further described below. In the deployed position, the perforation guns 308, 310, 602, 314, and 316 can be close to the wall of the wellbore 202 or in contact with the wall of the wellbore 202.
    FIG. 5 represents the two groups of perforation guns in the wellbore, in which the two groups are in the deployed position, according to certain embodiments. The perforation barrels 308, 310, 602, 314, and 316 in group 300 remain in the closed position.
    The perforation guns 208, 210, 212, 214, and 216 in the group 200 are moved to the second radial position (the deployed position). The perforation guns in group 200 can be moved to the deployed position by articulating a deployable part of the central element 204 which is coupled to the perforation guns in group 200. In the deployed position, the perforation guns 208, 210 , 212, 214, and 216 may be close to the wall of the wellbore 202 or in contact with the wall of the wellbore 202.
    FIG. 6 represents the two groups of perforation guns in the wellbore, in which the two groups remain in the deployed position and the first group is moved axially to overlap at least partially the second group, according to certain modes of production. In this example, the group 300 is moved so as to be approximately at an axial position identical to that of the group 200. In certain embodiments, the group 300 is moved so as to provide at least a partial overlap with the group 200. As can be seen, since the perforation guns of the two groups have been moved to a deployed position, there is space to allow the groups to overlap.
    To further illustrate, Figure 7 shows a cross section of the two groups of perforation guns in the deployed position, according to some embodiments. FIG. 7 represents a cross section of group 200 and group 300 within the casing 202 of a wellbore. In the deployed position, a fluid space is essentially eliminated between the internal wall of the casing 202 and the perforation guns of the groups 200 and 300. In addition, the group 300 is now positioned axially to at least partially overlap the group 200.
    The central element 204 can be positioned in the center of the perforation guns for both the group 200 and the group 300. Unlike the central element 204 in the closed position shown in Figure 2, the central element 204 in FIG. 7 has been moved to a deployed position to move the perforation guns for groups 200 and 300 in their deployed position near the casing 202.
    After the axial movement of the perforation guns of the group 300 to at least partially overlap the perforation cannons of the group 200, the perforation cannons of the group 300 are interlaced with the perforation cannons of the group 200.
    In this example, the perforation barrel 208 is positioned adjacent to the perforation barrel 310 and the perforation barrel 308. The perforation barrel 308 is adjacent to the perforation barrel 216. The perforation barrel 216 is adjacent to the perforation barrel 316. The perforation cannon 316 is adjacent to the perforation cannon 214. The perforation cannon 214 is adjacent to the perforation cannon 314. The perforation cannon 314 is adjacent to the perforation cannon 212. The perforation cannon 212 is adjacent to the perforation cannon 602. The perforation cannon 602 is adjacent to the perforation cannon 210. The perforation cannon 210 is adjacent to the perforation cannon 310.
    In the deployed position, the perforation guns in the groups 200 and 300 may be close to the casing 202 or in contact with the casing 202. In addition, in the deployed and interlaced position, each of the perforation cannons of the groups 200 and 300 may be close to the two adjacent perforation guns or in contact with the two adjacent perforation guns. For example, the perforation cannon 208 may be in contact with the perforation cannons 310 and 308. The perforation cannons 308 and 216 may be in contact with each other. Punch guns 216 and 316 can be in contact with each other. The perforation barrels 316 and 214 can be in contact with each other. The perforation barrels 316 and 214 can be in contact with each other. The perforation guns 214 and 314 can be in contact with each other. Punch guns 314 and 212 can be in contact with each other. The perforation guns 212 and 602 can be in contact with each other. The punch cannons 602 and 210 can be in contact with each other. The perforation guns 210 and 310 can be in contact with each other.
    Consequently, after the group 200 and the group 300 have overlapped, a group of perforators is formed which is denser than either of the two groups separately. Thus, multiple groups of piercing guns may be in a small radial position as they have descended to the bottom of the well to a piercing position. After reaching the punch position, the punch cannons can then be deployed and overlap to create an increased fill density.
    Example of perforation operations
    FIG. 8 represents a diagram of operations for configuring at least two groups of perforation guns for the purposes of perforation in a wellbore, according to certain embodiments. At least some operations on the process diagram 800 of Figure 8 can be performed based on the execution of program / instruction code stored on one or more machine readable media. For example, at least some of the operations can be carried out using a programmable logic controller (PLC) with electronic actuators, hydraulic logic using a series of pistons and orifices, mechanical movement of at least part of the central element 208 relative to another, and any other type of downhole manipulation method.
    A perforation tool comprising a first group of perforation guns and a second group of perforation cannons is lowered into a wellbore (802). The first and second groups of punch cannons are both in a closed position. The first group of perforation guns is in a first axial position. The second group of perforation guns is in a first axial position. Referring to Figure 3, group 200 and group 300 in the hole punch went down into the wellbore in the closed position. In addition, group 200 and group 300 can be in different axial positions so that there is no overlap. The perforation guns in group 200 and the perforation guns in group 300 may have the same angular spacing. Although having the same angular spacing, in some embodiments, the perforation guns in group 300 have a phase shift with respect to the perforation guns in group 200. For example, the perforation guns in group 300 can have an angular spacing with a phase shift of approximately a quarter to a half of the value of the angular spacing of the perforation guns in group 200.
    It is determined whether the punching tool has been lowered to a designated punching position in the wellbore (804). Thus, the perforation tool continues to descend into the wellbore until it reaches the location where a perforation is to take place. Referring to Figure 1, the punching tool 112 is lowered into the wellbore 104 until the designated punching position is reached. If the perforation tool has not yet been lowered to the designated perforation position, the operations remain at 804. If the perforation tool has been lowered to the designated perforation position, operations continue 806.
    The first group of perforation guns is deployed from the closed position to a deployed position (806). Referring to Figure 4, the perforation cannons of group 300 are deployed to the position deployed outward to be close to the casing 202 or in contact with the casing 202.
    The second group of perforation guns is deployed from the closed position to a deployed position (808). Referring to Figure 5, the perforation cannons of group 200 are deployed to the position deployed outward to be close to the casing 202 or in contact with the casing 202.
    The first group is moved axially to a position such that the first group and the second group overlap at least partially (810). Referring to FIG. 6, the perforation cannons of group 300 are moved axially to at least partially overlap the perforation cannons of group 200. As described above, the overlap can take place because the deployed positions and the positions of the perforation of group 300 are out of phase with respect to the positions of the perforation cannons of group 200. As shown in FIG. 6, the perforation cannons of group 300 and the perforation cannons of group 200 can be at approximately the same position axial.
    The perforation tool is activated to operate the perforation guns of the first and second groups to create holes in the casing, the surrounding formation, etc. (812). Each perforation cannon can include one or more explosive charges which can be triggered to explode, to perforate casing, if present, a wall of the wellbore, to form perforation tunnels in the underground formation, etc.
    After the perforation, the first group is moved axially to return to the first axial position (814). Referring to Figures 5 and 6, the group 300 can be moved from its position shown in Figure 6 to its position is shown in Figure 5, thereby eliminating the overlap between the two groups.
    The first and second groups can then be retracted to the closed position (816). Referring to Figures 3 and 4, groups 300 and 200 can be retracted from the deployed position to the closed position.
    The perforation tool is brought back to the surface (818). Referring to Figure 1, the punching tool 112 can be raised in the wellbore 104 to the surface.
    In certain situations, after the explosion, the groups can be damaged, fragmented, dissolved, etc. significantly. In these situations, the central element 204 of the punching tool can be recovered or abandoned. Therefore, operations from 814 to 816 are not necessary.
    The process diagram is provided to aid understanding of the illustrations and should not be used to limit the scope of the claims. The diagram shows an example of operations which may vary within the scope of the claims. Additional operations can be performed; fewer operations can be performed; operations can be executed in parallel; and the operations can be executed in a different order. For example, the operations presented in blocks 806 and 808 can be performed in parallel or at the same time.
    Example of a computer (0053] FIG. 9 represents an example of a computer system, according to certain embodiments. The computer system comprises a processor 901 (possibly comprising multiple processors, multiple cores, multiple nodes and / or implementing a processing The computer system comprises a memory 907. The memory 907 can be a system memory (for example, one or more from among a cache, an SRAM, a DRAM, a zero capacitor RAM, a Dual transistor RAM, eDRAM, EDO RAM, DDR RAM, EEPROM, NRAM, RRAM, SONOS, PRAM, etc.) or any of the possible embodiments already described above of readable media The computer system also includes a 903 bus (for example, PCI, ISA, PCI-Express, HyperTransport® bus, InfïniBand® bus, NuBus, etc.) and a 905 network interface (for example, a Fiber Channel interface , an Ethernet interface, u a small internet computer system interface, a SONET interface, a wireless interface, etc.).
    The computer system also includes a 911 puncher control device. The 911 puncher control device can perform one or more operations to control a punch tool (as described above).
    Any of the previously described functionalities can be partially (or entirely) implemented in hardware and / or on the processor 901. For example, the functionality can be implemented with an application-specific integrated circuit, in a logic implemented in processor 901, in a coprocessor on a peripheral device or a card, etc. In addition, the embodiments may include fewer components or additional components not shown in Figure 9 (for example, video cards, audio cards, additional network interfaces, peripheral devices, etc.). The processor 901 and the network interface 905 are coupled to the bus 903. Although illustrated as being coupled to the bus 903, the memory 907 can be coupled to the processor 901.
    It will be understood that each block of schematic illustrations and / or functional diagrams, and that combinations of blocks on the schematic illustrations and / or functional diagrams, can be implemented by a program code. The program code can be supplied to a processor on a universal computer, a specialized computer, or another machine or other programmable device.
    As will be understood, the aspects of the disclosure can be embodied by a system, method or program code / instructions stored on one or more supports readable by a machine. Aspects, therefore, can take the form of hardware, software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or a combination of software and hardware aspects that can all be generally designated in this document by “circuit”, “module” or “system. The functionality presented in the form of individual modules / units in the example illustrations can be organized differently depending on any one of a platform (operating system and / or hardware), an application ecosystem, interfaces, programmer preferences, programming language, administrator preferences, etc.
    ] 0057] Any combination of one or more machine-readable media can be used. The machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium.
    A machine readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, a system, apparatus or device which uses any one or a combination of electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared technology or semiconductor to store a program code. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of machine-readable storage media may include the following: portable floppy disk, hard drive, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), reprogrammable read only memory (EPROM) or flash memory), portable read-only compact disc (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. In the context of this document, a machine-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that can contain or store a program intended to be used by or in connection with a system, apparatus or device for executing 'instructions. A machine-readable storage medium is not a machine-readable signal medium.
    A machine-readable signal carrier may include a propagated data signal containing a machine-readable program code, for example in a baseband or part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated signal can take various forms, including, but not limited to, electromagnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A machine-readable signal medium can be any machine-readable medium which is not a machine-readable storage medium and which can communicate, propagate or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus or device.
    A program code carried on a machine-readable medium can be transmitted using any suitable medium, in particular, but not limited to, wirelessly, by a cable line, by a fiber optic cable , by RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the above.
    A computer program code for implementing operations for the aspects of the disclosure can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, in particular an object-oriented programming language, such as Java® programming language, C ++ or equivalent; a dynamic programming language, like Python; a scripting language, such as the Perl programming language or the PowerShell scripting language; and conventional procedural programming languages, such as "C" programming language or similar programming languages. Program code can be run entirely on a stand-alone machine, can be run in a distributed fashion across multiple machines, and can be run on one machine while providing results to another machine and / or accepting input from from another machine.
    The program code / instructions can also be stored on a machine-readable medium which can direct a machine to operate in a particular way, so that the instructions stored on the machine-readable medium produce an article of manufacture comprising instructions which implement the function / action specified in the block or blocks of the process diagram and / or the functional diagram.
    Although the aspects of the disclosure are described with reference to various implementations and operations, it will be understood that these aspects are illustrative and that the scope of the claims is not limited to these. In general, the perforation techniques, as described in this document, can be implemented with installations compatible with all hardware systems. Various variations, modifications, additions and improvements are possible.
    Several cases can be provided for components, operations or structures described in the document in the form of a single case.
    Finally, the boundaries between the various components, the various operations and the various databases are somewhat arbitrary, and particular operations are illustrated in the context of specific illustrative configurations. Other functionality allocations are contemplated and may fall within the scope of the disclosure. In general, structures and functionality presented as separate components in the example configurations can be implemented as a combined structure or a combined component. Likewise, structures and functionality presented as a single component can be implemented as separate components. These and other variations, modifications, additions and improvements may fall within the scope of the disclosure.
    Examples of embodiments
    In some embodiments, an apparatus includes a first group of perforation guns positioned circumferentially around a central longitudinal axis at a first axial position. The apparatus includes a second group of perforation guns positioned circumferentially around the central longitudinal axis at a second axial position. The first and second groups are configured in a closed position while the apparatus is lowered to a puncture position in a wellbore. After the device is lowered to the piercing position, the first and second groups must move to an extended position and the first group must move axially so that the first group and the second group overlap at least partially.
    In some embodiments, the perforation guns of the first group are out of phase with respect to the perforation guns of the second group in the closed position.
    In some embodiments, the perforation guns of the first group and the second group are at an essentially equal angular spacing in the closed position.
    In some embodiments, the first group and the second group do not overlap axially while the apparatus is lowered to the perforation position in the wellbore.
    In certain embodiments, each perforation gun of the first and second groups comprises an explosive charge to be detonated.
    In certain embodiments, the apparatus comprises a central element positioned along the central longitudinal axis, in which the perforation guns of the first group and the perforation guns of the second group are in contact with the element central in the closed position.
    In certain embodiments, in the first group, each perforation barrel is in contact with at least one other perforation barrel in the closed position. In addition, in the second group, each perforation barrel is in contact with at least one other perforation barrel in the closed position.
    In certain embodiments, the first group must move axially so that the first group and the second group overlap at least partially before the drilling of the wellbore on the basis of an explosion of the first and second groups of perforation guns.
    In some embodiments, the perforation guns of the first and second groups must explode to perforate at least one of a casing of the wellbore and a surrounding formation.
    In some embodiments, after the descent of the device to the perforation position, the first group must move axially so that the first group and the second group are essentially at an identical axial position.
    In some embodiments, an apparatus includes a perforation tool having a central longitudinal axis for placement in a wellbore extending through an underground formation. The punching tool includes a central member positioned along the central longitudinal axis. The perforation tool also includes a first group of perforation guns positioned circumferentially around the central longitudinal axis and at a first axial position. The perforation tool includes a second group of perforation cannons positioned circumferentially around the central longitudinal axis. The first and second perforation guns include explosive charges for perforating at least one of a downhole tubular member in the wellbore and the underground formation. The first and second groups must circumscribe a first radial position until the drilling tool has descended into the wellbore to a drilling position. After the perforation tool descends to the perforation position, the first and second groups of perforation guns must deploy to a second radial position having a diameter which is greater than the first radial position and the first group must move axially so that the first group and the second group overlap at least partially before the perforation.
    In some embodiments, the perforation guns of the first group and the perforation guns of the second group are in contact with the central element in the first axial position.
    In certain embodiments, in the first group, each perforation barrel is in contact with at least one other perforation barrel in the first axial position. In the second group, each perforation barrel is in contact with at least one other perforation barrel in the first axial position.
    In some embodiments, the perforation guns of the first group are out of phase with respect to the perforation guns of the second group in the first axial position.
    In some embodiments, the perforation guns of the first group and the second group are at an essentially equal angular spacing in the first axial position.
    In some embodiments, the first group and the second group do not overlap axially while the apparatus is lowered to the perforation position in the wellbore.
    In certain embodiments, a method comprises lowering a perforation tool in a wellbore to a perforation position, in which the perforation tool comprises a first group of perforation guns in a closed position to a first axial position and a second group of perforation guns in the closed position to a second axial position. The method includes, in response to lowering the perforator to a perforation position in the wellbore, passing the first group of perforation guns from the closed position to a deployed position and passing the second group of perforation guns perforation from the closed position to the deployed position. The method also includes, in response to lowering the perforator to a puncture position in the wellbore, moving the first group axially so that the first group and the second group at least partially overlap and puncturing the wellbore on the basis of an explosion of the first and second group of perforation guns.
    In some embodiments, the perforation guns of the first group are out of phase with respect to the perforation guns of the second group in the closed position.
    In certain embodiments, a central element is positioned along a central longitudinal axis for the perforation tool, in which the perforation guns of the first group and the perforation guns of the second group are in contact with the central element in the closed position.
    In certain embodiments, in the first group, each perforation barrel is in contact with at least one other perforation barrel in the closed position. In the second group, each perforation barrel is in contact with at least one other perforation barrel in the closed position.
    Additional embodiments may include various combinations of features and elements from the exemplary embodiments described above. For example, one embodiment may include elements from three of the exemplary embodiments, while another embodiment includes elements from five of the exemplary embodiments described above.
    The use of the phrase "at least one of" before a list with the conjunction "and" should not be treated as an exclusive list and should not be interpreted as a list of categories with an element from each category , unless otherwise stated. A clause which mentions “at least one among A, B, and C” can be violated with only one of the elements listed, several of the elements listed, and one or more of the elements in the list and another element not listed.
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    THE CLAIMS ARE AS FOLLOWS:
    1. Punching tool (112) comprising:
    a first group (200) of perforation guns (208, 210, 212, 214, 216) positioned circumferentially around a central longitudinal axis at a first axial position; and a second group (300) of perforation guns (308, 310, 602, 314, 316) positioned circumferentially around the central longitudinal axis at a second axial position, wherein the first and second groups (200; 300 ) are configured in a closed position while the punching tool is lowered to a punching position in a wellbore (104), in which, after lowering the punching tool to the position of perforation, the first and second groups must move to a deployed position and the first group must move axially so that the first group and the second group overlap at least partially.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. The perforation tool (112) according to claim 1, in which the perforation cannons (208, 210, 212, 214, 216) of the first group (200) are in phase shift relative to the perforation cannons (308, 310, 602, 314, 316) of the second group (300) in the closed position.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. The perforation tool (112) according to claim 2, wherein the perforation barrels (208, 210, 212, 214, 216; 308, 310, 602, 314, 316) of the first group and the second group (200; 300) are at essentially equal angular spacing in the closed position.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. The perforation tool (112) according to claim 1, wherein the first group (200) and the second group (300) are configured not to overlap axially while the perforation tool is lowered to the position perforation in the wellbore (104).
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. The perforation tool (112) according to claim 1, wherein each perforation barrel (208, 210, 212, 214, 216; 308, 310, 602, 314, 316) of the first and second groups (200; 300) includes an explosive charge to detonate.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. The perforation tool (112) according to claim 1, further comprising a central element (204) positioned along the central longitudinal axis, in which the perforation barrels (208, 210, 212, 214, 216) of the first group (200) and the perforation barrels (308, 310, 602, 314, 316) of the second group (300) are in contact with the central element in the closed position.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. The perforation tool (112) according to claim 6, in which, in the first group (200), each perforation barrel (208, 210, 212, 214, 216) is in contact with at least one other perforation barrel in the closed position, and wherein, in the second group (300), each perforation barrel (308, 310, 602, 314, 316) is in contact with at least one other perforation barrel in the closed position.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. The perforation tool (112) according to claim 1, wherein the first group (200) must move axially so that the first group and the second group (300) overlap at least partially before the drilling of the wellbore (104) on the basis of an explosion of the first and second groups (200; 300) of perforation guns (208, 210, 212, 214, 216; 308, 310, 602, 314, 316).
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. The perforation tool (112) according to claim 1, wherein the perforation barrels (208, 210, 212, 214, 216; 308, 310, 602, 314, 316) of the first and second groups (200; 300) are configured to explode to puncture at least one of a casing of the wellbore (104) and a surrounding formation (106).
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. The perforation tool (112) according to claim 1, in which the first group (200) is configured to move axially after the descent of the perforation tool to the perforation position so that the first group and the second group (300) are essentially at an identical axial position.
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Wellbore maintenance system (100) comprising:
    a perforation tool (112) having a central longitudinal axis for placement in a wellbore (104) extending through an underground formation (106), the perforation tool comprising, a central member (204) positioned along from the central longitudinal axis; a first group (200) of perforation guns (208, 210, 212, 214, 216) positioned circumferentially around the central longitudinal axis and at a first axial position; and a second group (300) of perforation cannons (308, 310, 602, 314, 316) positioned circumferentially around the central longitudinal axis, the first and second perforation cannons having explosive charges for perforating at least one from a downhole tubular element in the wellbore and the underground formation, in which the first and second groups (200; 300) must circumscribe a first radial position until the perforation tool has descended into the wellbore to a puncture position, in which, after the perforation tool has been lowered to the puncture position, the first and second groups of puncture guns must deploy to a second radial position having a diameter which is greater than the first radial position and the first group must move axially so that the first group and the second group overlap at least partially before the perforation not.
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. The wellbore maintenance system (100) according to claim 11, in which the perforation cannons (208, 210, 212, 214, 216) of the first group (200) and the perforation cannons (308, 310, 602, 314, 316) of the second group (300) are in contact with the central element (204) in the first axial position.
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    13. Wellbore maintenance system (100) according to claim
    12, in which, in the first group (200), each perforation barrel (208, 210, 212, 214, 216) is in contact with at least one other perforation barrel in the first axial position, and in which, in the second group (300), each perforation barrel (308, 310, 602, 314, 316) is in contact with at least one other perforation barrel in the first axial position.
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    14. The wellbore maintenance system (100) according to claim 11, in which the perforation guns (208, 210, 212, 214, 216) of the first group (200) are in phase shift with respect to the guns of perforation (308, 310, 602, 314, 316) of the second group (300) in the first axial position.
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    15. The wellbore maintenance system (100) according to claim 14, in which the perforation guns (208, 210, 212, 214, 216;, 310, 602, 314, 316) of the first group and of the second group (200; 300) are at essentially equal angular spacing in the first axial position.
    [16" id="c-fr-0016]
    The wellbore maintenance system (100) according to claim 11, wherein the first group (200) and the second group (300) are configured not to overlap axially while the punching tool (112) descended to the puncture position in the wellbore (104).
    [17" id="c-fr-0017]
    17. Method (800) for configuring at least two groups of perforation cannons comprising:
    lowering a perforation tool (112) into a wellbore (104) to a perforation position, wherein the perforation tool comprises a first group (200) of perforation guns (208, 210, 212, 214, 216) in a closed position to a first axial position and a second group (300) of perforation guns (308, 310, 602, 314, 316) in the closed position to a second axial position (802); and in response to lowering the punch tool to a punch position in the wellbore, passing the first group of punch guns from the closed position to a deployed position (806);
    passing the second group of perforation guns from the closed position to the deployed position (808);
    moving the first group axially so that the first group and the second group at least partially overlap (810); and puncturing the wellbore on the basis of an explosion of the first and second group of perforation cannons (812).
    [18" id="c-fr-0018]
    18. The method (800) according to claim 17, in which the perforation guns (208, 210, 212, 214, 216) of the first group (200) are in phase shift relative to the perforation guns (308, 310, 602, 314, 316) of the second group (300) in the closed position.
    [19" id="c-fr-0019]
    19. The method (800) of claim 17, wherein a central member (204) positioned along a central longitudinal axis for the punching tool (112), wherein the punching barrels (208, 210, 212 , 214, 216) of the first group (200) and the perforation barrels (308, 310, 602, 314, 316) of the second group (300) are in contact with the element
    10 central in the closed position.
    [20" id="c-fr-0020]
    20. The method (800) according to claim 19, in which, in the first group (200), each perforation barrel (208, 210, 212, 214, 216) is in contact with at least one other perforation barrel in the position
    15 closed, and wherein, in the second group (300), each punch cannon (308, 310, 602, 314, 316) is in contact with at least one other punch cannon in the closed position.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US10920542B2|2021-02-16|
    US20190271214A1|2019-09-05|
    WO2018144021A1|2018-08-09|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP3612710A4|2017-04-19|2020-11-25|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Downhole perforator having reduced fluid clearance|US2690123A|1950-09-11|1954-09-28|Standard Oil Dev Co|Jet gun perforator for wells|
    US2664158A|1950-09-11|1953-12-29|Standard Oil Dev Co|Gun for perforating casing|
    US7363970B2|2005-10-25|2008-04-29|Schlumberger Technology Corporation|Expandable packer|
    US7861785B2|2006-09-25|2011-01-04|W. Lynn Frazier|Downhole perforation tool and method of subsurface fracturing|
    US7997353B2|2008-07-18|2011-08-16|Schlumberger Technology Corporation|Through tubing perforating gun|
    GB201009781D0|2010-06-11|2010-07-21|Expro North Sea Ltd|Perforating gun and method of perforating a well|
    US9593551B2|2013-12-20|2017-03-14|Schlumberger Technology Corporation|Perforating packer sampling apparatus and methods|EP3565947A4|2017-04-06|2020-08-19|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Assembly for wellbore perforation|
    法律状态:
    2019-01-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2020-02-21| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20200221 |
    2020-10-16| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20200910 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    PCT/US2017/016570|WO2018144021A1|2017-02-03|2017-02-03|Perforator having movable clusters of perforator guns|
    IBWOUS2017016570|2017-02-03|
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