• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A method for forming an electrical connection in a conduit for transporting a fluid. The pipe (1) comprises an inner hollow tube (2) and a heating layer (4) comprising first carbon fibers. A groove forming step (101) in which a groove (6) is formed in the heating layer is performed, an interface preparation step (102) in which a joining layer (7) is deposited on the heating layer of the groove, and a placing step (103) in which is wound on the junction layer a connecting strip (8) comprising second fibers formed of a second electrically conductive material.
    公开号:FR3015171A1
    申请号:FR1362507
    申请日:2013-12-12
    公开日:2015-06-19
    发明作者:Alexandre Lewandowski；Franck Rey-Bethbeder；Dominique Delaporte；Alain Lechon；Maurice Geli；Yann Buzare
    申请人:Total SE；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for forming an electrical connection on a device, for example a pipe for the transport of a fluid requiring, at least occasionally, reheating, said fluid comprising, for example, a hydrocarbon .
    [0002] STATE OF THE PRIOR ART More particularly, the invention relates to a method implemented on a device comprising a heating layer, said heating layer comprising first carbon fibers, the first electrically conductive material. The device is for example a heating pipe for the transport of a fluid comprising for example a hydrocarbon. The invention therefore aims to form an electrical connection on such a pipe (pipeline) to supply electricity to a conductive composite layer of electricity. This type of pipe is used in very cold environments, both on land and at sea, and sometimes at sea at very great depths. Under these conditions, the fluid may either freeze, coagulate, freeze, thicken or form paraffin or hydrate deposits. These fluid transformations can generate plugs and hinder the transport of fluid in the pipe. This is why these pipes can be heated to avoid these disadvantages. One technique is the electrical heating of these pipes by conductive copper lines placed around the pipes. The heating is first concentrated around these lines, and then distributed by conduction.
    [0003] This technique is thus inefficient. Another technique is the electric heating of these pipes by a layer of carbon fiber. CN2800021-Y discloses a hydrocarbon transport pipe, having a glass fiber reinforced plastic pipe, and a first electrically powered carbon fiber layer for heating the pipe. These pipes produce a better distributed heating. FR-2958991 discloses an improved conduct for the transport of a hydrocarbon, which further comprises a reinforcing layer adapted to improve the mechanical strength. This document also describes connection means between pipes and electrical supply means. However, these feed means are inefficient and complex to implement. FR-2958994 discloses a heating blanket useful for heating an element for the transport of a hydrocarbon, such as a pipeline, pipe, valve or wellhead. Document FR-2958995 describes another heating system for these elements, which comprises such a flexible heating membrane or cover. The device is thus for example a heating device substantially flat, or curved, rigid or flexible. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to improve the power supply means for these devices comprising a heating layer having electrically conductive carbon fibers. For this purpose, the method for forming the electrical connection comprises the following steps of forming an electrical connection: an interface preparation step in which a junction layer formed of a conductive junction material is deposited; electricity on at least one zone of the heating layer, and - a placing step in which is deposited on the junction layer a connecting strip comprising second fibers formed of a second electrically conductive material, and said connecting strip having at least one portion protruding from said device and forming a terminal for the power supply of the device. Thanks to these arrangements, an electrical connection is directly formed. This electrical connection has a low electrical resistance, and does not cause local heating in operation. This avoids a risk of damage to the heated device. The device is thus more reliable.
    [0004] In various embodiments of the method according to the invention, one or more of the following provisions may also be used. According to one aspect of the invention, the device is a conduit for the transport of a fluid, and wherein the conduit comprises: - an inner hollow tube extending in a longitudinal direction and for conveying a fluid into the tube , and said heating layer located in the thickness of the pipe, and before said steps of forming an electrical connection, the following steps are carried out: a throat forming step in which a groove is formed in the heating layer, said groove being intended to receive the electrical connection, and wherein: in the interface preparation step, the junction layer is deposited on an area of the heating layer released in the throat made during the throat forming step, and - at the placing step, the connecting strip is wound around the pipe, in the groove and on the joining layer, and said portion protrudes from the groove. According to one aspect of the invention, the groove comprises a first surface in the longitudinal direction and a second surface in a direction opposite to the longitudinal direction, and wherein the tie layer is deposited on a single surface of the first and second surfaces. surfaces. According to one aspect of the invention, the groove has a triangular or trapezoidal shape, said groove extending throughout the thickness of the heating layer. According to one aspect of the invention, the groove is formed by machining the heating layer. According to one aspect of the invention, a protective step is further carried out in which a protective layer is formed by depositing on the connection strip a composite strip comprising third fibers embedded in a matrix, said third fibers being formed. A third non-electrically conductive material. According to one aspect of the invention, after said steps of forming an electrical connection, a heating step is performed in which the electrical connection is heated to crosslink at least the junction layer. According to one aspect of the invention, the joining material is a polymer charged with electrically conductive particles. According to one aspect of the invention, the particles are silver, copper, graphene, carbon black, carbon nanotubes. According to one aspect of the invention, the second fibers are braided. According to one aspect of the invention, the second material is copper.
    [0005] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge during the following description of at least one of its embodiments, given by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings: - Figure la is a longitudinal sectional view of a composite heating pipe; Figure 1b is a side cross-sectional view of the pipe of Figure 1a; - Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pipe of Figure 1 modified according to a first step of the method for forming an electrical connection; FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pipe of FIG. 1 modified according to a second step of the method for forming an electrical connection; FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pipe of FIG. 1 modified according to a third step of the method for forming an electrical connection; FIG. 5 is a view in longitudinal section of the pipe of FIG. 1 modified according to a fourth step of the method for forming an electrical connection; FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the succession of steps of an embodiment of the method for forming an electrical connection on the conduit of FIG. 1; - Figure 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a pipe on which the process is repeatedly applied to make several electrical connections; Figures 8 to 10 are cross sections of pipes made with three winding variants of the connection strip in the groove. In the different figures, the same reference numerals designate identical or similar elements. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS In the present description, the terms "front" and "back" are used with respect to the longitudinal direction X. The terms "upper" or "up" and "lower" or "toward bottom "are used with respect to the vertical direction Z, upwards, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction X and the transverse direction Y. The term" pipe "of the present invention is to be understood as being a device comprising a tube for conveying a fluid at least between an inlet and an outlet, the device may comprise other elements, such as a valve, or multiple branches.
    [0006] Figures la and lb show a pipe 1 for applying the method according to the invention, said pipe 1 being in longitudinal section along a plane XZ and in cross section along a plane YZ. In these figures, only one upper half above the X axis is shown, the other lower half being substantially identical by symmetry with respect to the X axis. The pipe 1 comprises a hollow tube 2, extending into the longitudinal direction of axis X between a first and second end la, lb of the pipe. This tube 2 comprises an inner surface 2a near the X axis, and an outer surface 2b further from the X axis. Inside the inner surface 2a extends a cavity 2c between an inlet and an outlet of the cavity located at each end. The cavity 2c is adapted to transport the fluid between said inlet and outlet. Line 1 has a substantially cylindrical section in the YZ plane, but other shapes could be made. The tube 2 may be made of an electrically conductive material, such as steel, as shown in the figures for the present embodiment of the conduit. The tube 2 may be made of an electrically insulating material, for example a polymer. This material may advantageously be a polyamide (PA), or a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). On this tube 2, there is for example at least the following layers, from the inside (near the X axis) to the outside (at a distance from the X axis): a first insulation layer 10 a heating layer 4, and a second insulating layer 5. The pipe 1 may comprise other layers. For example, the tube may be covered with a protective layer to limit corrosion of said tube, usually steel. For example, the tube may also be covered with an adhesion layer to facilitate adhesion of the next layer (insulation layer 3) to said tube. For example, the pipe may also include an outer layer of thermal insulation, for example above or integrated with the second insulation layer 5. The first and second electrical insulation layers 3, 5 are electrically insulating. They consist, for example, of a polymer or a composite comprising glass fibers embedded in the polymer (matrix) or of a composite comprising fibers known under the name "Kevlar" (or kevlar for the rest) embedded in the polymer. The polymer is advantageously adapted to adhere well to the other layers: the tube 2 and the heating layer 4. This polymer is optionally identical to that used in the heating layer 4 and / or in the tube 2 as mentioned above. The heating layer 4 is a composite comprising at least carbon fibers embedded in a polymer. This polymer may advantageously be a polyamide (PA), or a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). The carbon fibers are able to conduct an electric current to heat the tube by Joule effect.
    [0007] The electrical resistance R of such a heating layer 3 between the first and second ends (1a, 1b) of the pipe can be approximated by the following formula: ## EQU1 ## 2 cc wherein: - po, is a resistivity of carbon fibers, for example having pfibre value = 1.9.10-5.Qm at a temperature of 20 ° C, which is substantially 1100 times more resistive than the copper to 20 ° C., L is a length of the heating layer 4 between the first and second ends (1a, 1b) in the longitudinal direction X, - Dmoy is an average diameter of the heating layer 4, - 4 is a thickness of the heating layer in a transverse direction, and - a is an angle of inclination formed by the carbon fibers with respect to the direction of the X axis. Thanks to the angle of inclination of the carbon fibers. in the heating layer 4, it is possible to obtain a desired electrical resistance R for the Due to this heating layer 4 comprising well-distributed carbon fibers in the polymer material 25 of this layer, the heating is more homogeneous around the tube 2. In addition, if one or more carbon fibers were broken in one place from the pipe, the electric current can still continue to pass through the other carbon fibers, not broken. Thus, the electrical characteristics (resistance) are poorly degraded. The different layers of the pipe 1 can be made by known means using preformed composite strips, each preformed strip 35 extending in one direction and comprising L fibers (carbon, glass or Kevlar) embedded in a polymer matrix . The fibers are optionally oriented in said direction of the preformed strip.
    [0008] The present invention aims to provide the electrical connection for supplying electricity to the heating layer 4 of the pipe 1. In particular, it is proposed to use a method 100 to form an electrical connection 10 in which the following steps (FIG. 6): - a groove formation step 101 in which a groove 6 is formed in the heating layer 4, - an interface preparation step 102 in which a junction layer 7 consisting of a junction material electrically conductive on at least one zone of the heating layer 4 of the groove 6, and - a positioning step 103 in which is wound on the junction layer 7 (and possibly on the layer a connection strip 8 comprising second fibers formed of a second electrically conductive material, and said connecting strip 8 having at least a portion 8a protruding from said groove 6 for ormate a terminal adapted for the supply of electricity to the pipe. The zone of the heating layer is a part of said layer on which the tie layer is added to improve electrical conduction. The electrical connection 10 is therefore all the following elements: groove 6 filled with at least one junction layer 7 and a connection strip 8. Additionally, the preceding steps may be followed by a step of protection 104 in which a protective layer 9 is formed by winding on the connecting strip 8 a composite strip comprising third fibers embedded in a matrix, said third fibers being formed of a third non-electrically conductive material, for example glass or Kevlar. Finally, a heating step 105 is optionally carried out in which the electrical connection 10 is heated to crosslink at least the junction layer 7, and possibly the other layers of the electrical connection: the connection strip 8, the protective layer 9. Figures 2 to 5 show the pipe 1 in longitudinal section X in the state of successive steps 101 to 104, respectively. In FIG. 2, the groove 6 is formed in a continuous duct 1, that is to say having all over its profile the three layers stacked on the tube 2: the first insulation layer 3, the heating layer 4 and the second insulating layer 5. The groove 6 is for example formed by machining on this pipe in its raw state, for example by removal of material, and for example by a method of turning the pipe. This groove 6 is a notch having a triangular or trapezoidal radial section with at least two lateral internal surfaces 6a, 6b which face each other in the longitudinal direction X. These first and second surfaces 6a, 6b are advantageously inclined relative to the longitudinal direction X, for example an angle between 30 degrees and 60 degrees. The groove 6 extends from the outside towards the inside (towards the X axis) and passes through at least the second outermost insulation layer 5. It then passes through the heating layer 4 partially or entirely. It also advantageously extends in a small proportion in the first insulation layer 3, for example only 10 percent of its thickness. This ensures that the entire thickness of the heating layer 4 is cut by the groove 6.
    [0009] In the case of a notch of trapezoidal radial section, it further comprises a bottom surface 6c which extends horizontally parallel to the longitudinal direction X. The groove 6 thus has a width sufficient to install the electrical connection 10 In Figure 3, a junction layer 7 is deposited in the groove 6 formed in the previous step. This junction layer 7 is for example deposited on only one of the two surfaces among the first surface 6a and the second surface 6b. If the groove 6 (electrical connection 10) is made near a second end 1b of the pipe 1 in the longitudinal direction X, and the current to be generated in the heating layer 4 will have to propagate in said layer towards the first end la, it is especially necessary to cover the first surface 6a opposite the second end lb, as shown in the figures. This junction layer 7 is formed of an electrically conductive junction material. For example, the joining material is a polymer that is intrinsically electrically conductive or non-electrically conductive, and / or possibly charged with electrically conductive particles. The particles are selected from a list comprising a metal such as silver, copper, or graphene, carbon black, and carbon nanotubes. The particles are small elements of spherical, elliptical or any other shape. They have a size (greater distance) for example less than 0.1 mm, and preferably less than 0.01 mm.
    [0010] These particles can thus be mixed or loaded into a polymer without greatly affecting its viscosity. These particles are in powder form. This connecting material provides the electrical connection 10 with very good electrical conduction properties, that is to say a very low electrical resistance, which makes it possible to avoid localized heating in said electrical connection 10. In FIG. a connecting strip 8 is wound in the groove 6 from the bottom surface 6c to a thickness substantially equivalent to the heating layer 4. This connecting strip 8 is superimposed on the joining layer 7. a portion 8a of length of the connecting strip 8 out of the groove 6 (not wound in the groove). This portion 8a forms an electrical connection terminal used as an element for supplying the pipe 1 with electricity. Several variants are conceivable for winding the connecting strip 8 in the groove 6. These variants are presented at the end of the description and in FIGS. 8 to 10. The pipe or a set of pipes electrically connected to one another must comprise at least two electrical connections (two electrical connection terminals), the first being connected to a first phase of the power supply and the second being connected to a second phase of the power supply, to generate a current in the power supply layer. heating 4 of the pipe 1 via the connections 10. The power supply can be in current or in voltage, continuous or alternating type. This supply therefore has at least two phases, and is optionally three-phase. The connecting strip 8 comprises second fibers formed of a second electrically conductive material. The second fibers are braided or unbraided. The second material of these second fibers is, for example, copper. The assembly formed in FIG. 4, joining layer 7 and connecting strip 8 is optionally heated to cross-link the polymers of the matrices of its components. In FIG. 5, a protective layer 9 is formed on the connection strip 8 by winding on this connection strip 8 a composite strip comprising third fibers embedded in a matrix, said third fibers being formed of a third non-conductive material. electricity.
    [0011] The third material is for example glass or kevlar. The portion 8a remaining free of the connecting strip 8 is not covered. The composite strip of the protective layer 9 is wound on a first side and on a second side of this portion to keep this free portion 8a and protruding from the protective layer 9. The assembly formed in Figure 5, junction layer 7 The connection strip 8 and the protective layer 9 is optionally heated or optionally heated again to cross-link the matrix polymers of its components. The polymer used in the dies of the various composite materials is, for example, a polyamide (PA) or a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). Thanks to the method used, electrical connections can be formed anywhere in the length of the pipe 1. It is also possible to form more or less deep electrical connections in the layers of a pipe, as shown in FIG. 7. In this figure, the pipe 1 comprises five layers above the tube 2: a first insulation layer 32, a first heating layer 42, a second insulation layer 32, a second layer of insulation, heating 42, and - a third insulation layer 5. The materials of these layers are of the same type as those described above. For example, the insulation layers 32, 32, 5 are made of glass fibers embedded in a polymer matrix, and the heating layers 42, 42 are made of carbon fibers embedded in a polymer matrix, advantageously identical to the previous one. In the example of FIG. 7, there is formed as before: a first electrical connection 10a at level 5 of the first heating layer 41, a second electrical connection 10b at the level of the second heating layer 42, and a third electrical connection 10c between the first and second heating layers 41, 42. The third electrical connection 10c differs from the previous ones in that it does not include a free portion coming out of the pipe 1, and passing through the protective layer 9c , and in that the junction layer 7 extends in the groove 6 of the first heating layer 41 to the second heating layer 42. The two other electrical connections 10a, 10b have this free portion coming out of each of the respective protective layers 9a, 9b. With this pipe 1 with two heating layers and with these three electrical connections, the first and second electrical connections can be located on the same side of the pipe 1 in the longitudinal direction X, for example near the second end. la as shown in the figure. The third electrical connection 10c is located opposite the pipe near the second end 1b. The first heating layer passes electricity from a first end to the second end of line 1, while the second heating layer returns; it passes the electricity from the second end to the first end of the pipe 1. The power supply of the pipe 1 is on one side, it is easier to achieve. The two heating layers 41, 42 contribute to heating the pipe 1 by Joule effect. Such a pipe 1 is more thermally efficient. We now detail in Figures 8 to 10 alternative methods for winding the connection strip 8 in the groove 6.
    [0012] In the first variant of Figure 8, the connecting strip 8 comprises a first end 8b placed at the bottom of the groove 6. The strip is then wound for example in a clockwise direction about the axis X, to cover said first end 8a in one or more successive layers, then extend radially towards the second end 8a which thus forms the portion 8b called "free". Only the second end 8a of the connection strip 8 is left free radially to form the electrical connection terminal.
    [0013] In the second variant of FIG. 9, the connection strip 8 comprises a first end 8b held radially at a distance from the groove 6. It is then wound in the groove 6, for example in a clockwise direction about the X axis, according to one or more turns. Then, it extends radially towards the second end 8a which thus forms the portion 8b called "free". The two ends 8a, 8b of the connecting strip 8 are radially free, each or both of them being able to form the electrical connection terminal.
    [0014] In the third variant of FIG. 10, the connecting strip 8 comprises a first end 8b placed at the bottom of the groove 6. The strip is then wound in a first direction, for example hourly around the X axis, until it covers said first end 8a into one or more successive layers. Then, it extends radially forming a loop 8c which returns radially towards its starting point. Then, the connecting strip 8 is in a second direction, for example anti-clockwise around the axis X (opposite to the first direction), by covering the preceding layers in one or more successive layers, until the second end 8a which can remain in the groove 6. The two ends 8a, 8b of the connecting strip 8 are in the groove 6, and an 8c loop intermediate the first and second end 8a, 8b, extends radially freely, to form the electrical connection terminal. The method according to the invention can also be applied to other heating devices (other than a pipe), such as devices as described in documents FR-2958994 (heating blanket) and FR-2958995 (inflatable system having a heating membrane). We will refer to the descriptions of these published documents for the implementation of these.
    [0015] Thus, these heating devices comprise, as for a heating pipe, a heating layer in their thickness which is composed of an electrically conductive material. This material comprises, for example, carbon fibers embedded in an elastomer.
    [0016] In the case of such heating devices, the method according to the invention also comprises the following steps: an interface preparation step 102 in which a junction layer formed of an electrically conductive junction material is deposited on at least one zone of the heating layer, and - a placing step 103 in which is deposited on the junction layer (and optionally on the heating layer) a connecting strip comprising second fibers formed of a second electrically conductive material, and said connecting strip having at least a portion protruding from said device and which forms a terminal for supplying electricity to this device.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. A method of forming an electrical connection on a device comprising a heating layer (4), said heating layer comprising first carbon fibers, first electrically conductive material, and wherein the steps of forming an electrical connection are performed following: - an interface preparation step (102) in which a junction layer (7) formed of an electrically conductive junction material is deposited on the heating layer, and - a step of setting up (103) in which a connecting strip (8) comprising second fibers formed of a second electrically conductive material is deposited on the joining layer (7), and said connecting strip having at least one portion (8a). 8b; 8c) protruding from said device and forming a terminal for the power supply of the device. 20
    [0002]
    2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the device is a conduit for the transport of a fluid, and wherein the conduit (1) comprises: an inner hollow tube (2) extending in a longitudinal direction ( X) and intended to transport a fluid in the tube, and - said heating layer (4) located in the thickness of the pipe, and in which is carried out before said forming steps 30 an electrical connection: - a step forming (101) groove in which a groove (6) is formed in the heating layer, said groove being adapted to receive the electrical connection, and wherein: in the interface preparation step (102) , the joining layer (7) is deposited on an area of the heating layer released in the groove made during the groove forming step (101), and - in the placing step (103), the connecting strip (8) is wrapped around the pipe (1), in the groove and on the layer of junction, and said portion protrudes from the throat.
    [0003]
    The method of claim 2, wherein the groove (6) comprises a first surface (6a) in the longitudinal direction and a second surface (6b) in a direction opposite to the longitudinal direction, and wherein the tie layer (7) is deposited on a single surface among the first and second surfaces. 15
    [0004]
    4. The method of claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the groove (6) has a triangular or trapezoidal shape, said groove extending throughout the thickness of the heating layer. 20
    [0005]
    5. Method according to one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the groove (6) is formed by machining the heating layer (4). 25
    [0006]
    6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein is further carried out a protection step (104) in which is formed a protective layer (9) by depositing on the connection strip (8), a strip composite (9) comprising third fibers embedded in a matrix, said third fibers being formed of a third non-electrically conductive material.
    [0007]
    7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, after said steps of forming an electrical connection, is carried out a heating step (105) in which the electrical connection is heated to cross at least the layer of junction (7).
    [0008]
    The method of one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the joining material is a polymer loaded with electrically conductive particles.
    [0009]
    9. The method of claim 8, wherein the particles are silver, copper, graphene, carbon black, carbon nanotubes. 10
    [0010]
    10. Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the second fibers are braided.
    [0011]
    11. The process according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the second material is copper.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    BR112016013460B1|2020-12-01|
    EP3080507B1|2017-11-29|
    US10283925B2|2019-05-07|
    NO3080507T3|2018-04-28|
    FR3015171B1|2016-01-01|
    UY35880A|2015-07-31|
    WO2015086955A1|2015-06-18|
    EP3080507A1|2016-10-19|
    AR098718A1|2016-06-08|
    US20160377215A1|2016-12-29|
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    FR3015171B1|2013-12-12|2016-01-01|Total Sa|METHOD FOR FORMING AN ELECTRICAL CONNECTION|FR3015171B1|2013-12-12|2016-01-01|Total Sa|METHOD FOR FORMING AN ELECTRICAL CONNECTION|
    DE102016106452A1|2016-04-08|2017-10-12|Woco Industrietechnik Gmbh|heater|
    CN107178683A|2017-08-01|2017-09-19|合肥威斯伏新材料有限公司|A kind of heat supply pipeline attemperator|
    CN109275210B|2018-10-12|2021-02-09|重庆墨希科技有限公司|High-reliability heating film based on graphene and preparation method thereof|
    法律状态:
    2015-11-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2016-11-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2017-11-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2019-09-27| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20190906 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1362507A|FR3015171B1|2013-12-12|2013-12-12|METHOD FOR FORMING AN ELECTRICAL CONNECTION|FR1362507A| FR3015171B1|2013-12-12|2013-12-12|METHOD FOR FORMING AN ELECTRICAL CONNECTION|
    EP14827468.1A| EP3080507B1|2013-12-12|2014-12-02|Method for forming an electrical connection|
    NO14827468A| NO3080507T3|2013-12-12|2014-12-02|
    US15/104,183| US10283925B2|2013-12-12|2014-12-02|Method for forming an electrical connection|
    BR112016013460-5A| BR112016013460B1|2013-12-12|2014-12-02|process to form an electrical connection|
    PCT/FR2014/053135| WO2015086955A1|2013-12-12|2014-12-02|Method for forming an electrical connection|
    ARP140104617A| AR098718A1|2013-12-12|2014-12-11|METHOD FOR FORMING AN ELECTRICAL CONNECTION|
    UY0001035880A| UY35880A|2013-12-12|2014-12-12|? METHOD FOR FORMING AN ELECTRICAL CONNECTION?|
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