法国专利FR3014913A1 TWO-LAYER MULTI-TONE METAL CABLE

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专利摘要:
The two-layer multi-strand wire rope comprises: - an inner layer (C1) consisting of an inner strand (TI), - an outer layer (C2) consisting of L> 1 outer strands (TE). Each inner and outer strand (TI, TE) comprises: - an inner layer (12, 12 ') respectively consisting of an inner wire (F1, F1'), - an intermediate layer (14, 14 ') respectively consisting of M Intermediate threads (F2, F2 '), and - an outer layer (16, 16') respectively consisting of N, N 'external threads (F3, F3'). The diameter DI of the inner strand (TI) is greater than the diameter DE of each outer strand (TE). Each outer wire (F3) has a diameter d3 greater than the diameter d3 'of each outer wire (F3). The outer layer (16 ') of each outer strand (TE) is unsaturated.
公开号:FR3014913A1
申请号:FR1362668
申请日:2013-12-16
公开日:2015-06-19
发明作者:Natacha Pirronneau；Emmanuel Clement；Thibault Rapenne；Stephane Laurent
申请人:Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland ；Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA；Michelin Recherche et Technique SA France；
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专利说明:

[0001] The invention relates to multi-strand cables that can be used in particular for reinforcing tires, particularly tires for heavy industrial vehicles. [2] A radial carcass reinforcement tire comprises a tread, two inextensible beads, two sidewalls connecting the beads to the tread, and a belt, or crown reinforcement, circumferentially disposed between the carcass reinforcement and the tread. rolling. This crown reinforcement comprises several layers of rubber, possibly reinforced by reinforcing elements such as cables or monofilaments, of metal or textile type. [3] The crown reinforcement generally comprises at least two superimposed crown plies, sometimes referred to as working plies or crossed plies, the reinforcement elements of which, generally metallic, are arranged substantially parallel to each other inside the plywood. a web, but crossed from one web to another, that is to say inclined, symmetrically or otherwise, with respect to the median circumferential plane, an angle which is generally between 10 ° and 45 °. The working plies generally comprise reinforcement elements having a very low elongation so as to ensure their function of guiding the tire. [4] The crown reinforcement may also comprise various other layers or layers of auxiliary rubber, of varying widths depending on the case, with or without reinforcing elements. By way of example, mention may be made of so-called protection plies responsible for protecting the rest of the belt from external aggressions, perforations, or so-called shrinking plies comprising reinforcing elements oriented substantially in the circumferential direction (zero-plies). degree), whether radially external or internal to the working plies. The protective plies generally comprise reinforcing elements having a high elongation so as to be deformed under the effect of a stress exerted by an indenter, for example a rock. [0008] A state of the art workbench reinforcing element comprising a two-ply multi-strand wire rope of structure 189.23 is known from the state of the art. This cable comprises an inner layer of the cable consisting of an inner strand and an outer layer of the cable consisting of 6 outer strands wound helically around the inner layer of the cable. [6] Each inner and outer strand comprises an inner layer of the strand consisting of 3 internal wires, an intermediate layer consisting of 9 wires and an outer layer of the strand consisting of 15 external wires. Each wire has a diameter equal to 0.23 mm. P10-3244_EN - 2 - [7] A heavy industrial vehicle tire, particularly for civil engineering, is subjected to numerous attacks. Indeed, the rolling of this type of tire is usually done on a rough surface sometimes leading to perforations of the tread. These perforations allow the entry of corrosive agents, for example air and water, which oxidize the metal reinforcing elements of the crown reinforcement, in particular crown plies, and considerably reduce the service life of the tire. . [8] A solution to increase the life of the tire is to fight against the spread of these corrosive agents. It is thus possible to cover each inner and intermediate layer of rubber during the manufacture of the cable. During this process, the rubber present penetrates the capillaries present between each layer of each strand and thus prevents the propagation of corrosive agents. Such cables, generally called cables gummed in situ, are well known in the state of the art. [009] Another solution to increase the life of the tire is to increase the breaking force of the cable 189.23. Generally, the breaking force is increased by increasing the diameter of the wires constituting the cable and / or the number of wires and / or the unit resistance of each wire. However, further increase the diameter of the son, for example beyond 0.50 mm, necessarily leads to a decrease in the flexibility of the cable which is not desirable, increase the number of son leads most of the time a drop in the penetrability of the strands by the rubber and increase the unit resistance of each wire requires significant investments in wire manufacturing facilities. [10] The object of the invention is a cable having a breaking force and improved penetrability with respect to the cable 189.23. [11] For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a two-layer multi-strand wire rope comprising: - an inner layer of the cable consisting of an inner strand, - an outer layer of the cable consisting of L> 1 outer strands each inner and outer strand comprising: - an internal and external strand inner layer respectively consisting of an inner wire, - an intermediate layer of the inner and outer strand respectively consisting of M and M 'intermediate wires, and - an outer layer of inner and outer strand respectively consisting of N and N 'external wires, wherein: D10-3244_EN - 3 - - the diameter D1 of the inner strand is greater than the diameter DE of each outer strand, - each outer strand of the inner strand has a diameter d3 greater than the diameter d3 'of each outer wire of each outer strand, - the outer layer of each outer strand is unsaturated. [12] The cable according to the invention has a breaking force and improved penetrability with respect to the cable 189.23. These two goals are achieved synergistically as explained below. [13] Beforehand, it is necessary to recall that, in the cable 189.23 of the state of the art, the outer strands are contiguous and thus form a vault around the inner strand giving the cable a relatively high breaking force. Breaking this vault usually results in a drop in the breaking force. Indeed, by removing the vault around the inner strand, the outer son of each outer strand come, during the pulling of the cable, exert a radial force directed towards the inside of the cable on the outer son of the inner strand while the arch allowed a distribution of this force both in a longitudinal component between the outer strands and in a radial component between the outer strands and the inner strand. [14] In the invention, thanks to the characteristic DI> DE, the cable according to the invention has spaces between the outer strands for the passage of the eraser.
[0002] Although the vault described above is broken, in the cable according to the invention, the high penetrability of the outer strands made possible by the unsaturation of the outer layer of the outer strands allows the gum having penetrated, on the one hand, between external strands and, secondly, between the outer strands and the inner strand, to at least partially restore the vault and thus limit the loss of breaking strength of the cable. In addition, this feature allows the gum to infiltrate between the outer layers of the inner and outer strands so as to create a gum mattress at least partially absorbing the radial component of the force between the inner and outer strands. [15] By definition, an unsaturated layer of yarns is such that there is sufficient space in this layer to add at least one (P + 1) th yarn of the same diameter as the P yarns of the layer, with several yarns then be in contact with each other. [16] Furthermore, by virtue of the characteristic d3> d3 ', each outer wire of the inner strand can support the radial component of the force exerted by the outer strands on the inner strand when the cable is pulled. This characteristic d3> d3 'makes it possible to restore or even improve the breaking strength of the cable with respect to a cable comprising a vault formed by the outer strands. P10-3244_EN - 4 - [17] In addition, as already described above, the unsaturation of the outer layer of the outer strands and the DI> DE characteristic of the cable according to the invention make it possible to ensure excellent penetrability of the gum through the outer strands and between the outer strands which allows to obtain a strongly penetrated inner strand.
[0003] The cable according to the invention is therefore less subject to the propagation of these corrosive agents. [18] The propagation of the corrosive agents of the cable according to the invention is also improved thanks to the characteristic according to which the inner layer of each inner and outer strand consists of only one wire. Indeed, the three son of the inner layer of the cable of the state of the art delimit a central capillary greatly promoting the propagation of corrosive agents. [19] The diameter of each strand and each wire can be measured by microscopic observation. The diameter of each strand is equal to the diameter of the circle circumscribing the corresponding strand. [020] By wire means, by definition a cable formed of son consist predominantly (that is to say, for more than 50% of these son) or integrally (for 100% son) of a metal material. The invention is preferably implemented with a steel cable, more preferably carbon pearlitic (or ferritoperlitic) steel, hereinafter referred to as "carbon steel", or else stainless steel (by definition, steel comprising at least 11 % chromium and at least 50% iron). But it is of course possible to use other steels or other alloys. [21] When carbon steel is used, its carbon content (% by weight of steel) is preferably between 0.4% and 1.2%, especially between 0.5% and 1.1% ; these levels represent a good compromise between the mechanical properties required for the tire and the feasibility of the wires. [22] The metal or steel used, whether in particular carbon steel or stainless steel, may itself be coated with a metal layer, for example improving the setting properties. use of the metal cable and / or its constituent elements, or the properties of use of the cable and / or the tire themselves, such as adhesion properties, corrosion resistance or resistance to aging. According to a preferred embodiment, the steel used is covered with a layer of brass (Zn-Cu alloy) or zinc. In a preferred embodiment, the inner wire of each outer strand has a diameter d1 greater than the diameter d2 'of each intermediate wire of said outer strand. P10-3244_EN - 5 - [23] In an even more preferred embodiment, the inner wire of each outer strand has a diameter d1 greater than the diameter d3 'of each outer wire of said outer strand. [24] Thus, in these two preferred embodiments, unsaturation of the outer layer of each outer strand is obtained by using different diameters of the son according to the layer of each outer strand. This increases the penetrability of the rubber through the outer strands. The restoration of the vault is amplified and thus the breaking strength of the cable is increased. This better penetration also makes it possible to further limit the propagation of corrosive agents. [025] Preferably, DI / DEk1.05 and more preferably DI / DEk1.10. Thus, it promotes more the passage of the gum. Preferably DI / DE1,20 and more preferably DI / DE1,15. This limits the outer diameter of the cable and thus maximizes the metal mass that can be put in a sheet. On the other hand, it reduces the thickness of the sheet and therefore the heating, the rolling resistance and the mass of the tire. . [26] Preferably, M = M 'and N = N'. Alternatively, we may have 1 / 141V1 'and / or N # N'. [27] Preferably, the son of the same layer of a predetermined strand (internal or external) are substantially all identical. Advantageously, the outer strands are substantially all identical. By "substantially identical" is meant that the wires and strands are identical to the industry tolerances. [28] In a preferred embodiment, the assembly constituted by the inner and outer layers of the cable has a diameter D less than or equal to 6 mm, preferably 5 mm and more preferably 4.3 mm. [029] In a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the diameter D of the assembly constituted by the inner and outer layers of the cable to the average inter-strand distance E of the outer layer is less than or equal to 500, preferably to 100 and more preferably 50. [30] Thus, it further promotes the passage of the rubber between the outer strands and thus the restoration of the cable vault. [31] The average inter-strand distance E of the outer strands is defined, on a section of the cable perpendicular to the main axis of the cable, as the smallest distance separating, on the outer layer, two adjacent strands of the stratum external. [032] Optionally, the intermediate layer of each outer strand is saturated. P10-3244_EN - 6 - [33] The saturation of the intermediate layer of each outer strand makes it possible to ensure that each outer strand comprises sufficient intermediate wires and therefore a maximum breaking force possible. [34] By definition, a saturated layer is such that there is not enough room in this layer to add at least one (P + 1) th thread of the same diameter as the P son of the layer. [35] Preferably, the intermediate layer of each outer strand is non-compact which, despite the saturation of this layer, the passage of the gum. [036] By definition, a non-compact layer is such that there are spaces for the gum to pass between the layers of the layer. [037] Preferably, the outer layer of the inner strand is unsaturated. Thus, it increases the penetrability of the gum in the inner strand and therefore the propagation of corrosive agents. [038] Preferably, the intermediate layer of the inner strand is saturated. Thus, it is ensured that the inner strand comprises sufficient intermediate son and therefore a force to breaking as high as possible. [039] Preferably, the intermediate layer of the inner strand is non-compact which allows, despite the saturation of this layer, the passage of the gum. [040] In one embodiment, the inner wire of the inner strand has a diameter d1 greater than the diameter d3 of each outer wire of the inner strand. [41] Thus, the outer layer of the inner strand is desaturated so as to allow the gum to penetrate into the core of the inner strand. [42] In one embodiment, the inner wire of the inner strand has a diameter d1 greater than the diameter d2 of each intermediate wire of the inner strand. [43] Thus, the intermediate layer of the inner strand is desaturated so as to allow the gum to penetrate into the core of the inner strand. [44] Preferably, each intermediate wire of the inner strand has a diameter d2 greater than the diameter d2 'of each intermediate wire of each outer strand. [045] Thus, increasing the resistance of the inner strand to the radial component of the force exerted by the outer strands on the inner strand during the traction of the cable. [46] According to optional cable characteristics: [47] - Each intermediate wire of the inner strand has a diameter d2 equal to the diameter d3 of each outer wire of the inner strand. P10-3244_EN - 7 - [48] - Each intermediate wire of each outer strand has a diameter d2 'equal to the diameter d3' of each outer wire of said outer strand. [49] In a preferred embodiment, M = M '= 6. [50] In a also preferred embodiment, N = N '= 11. [051] Advantageously, the diameter of the inner, intermediate and outer wires of each inner and outer strand is from 0.15 mm to 0.50 mm, preferably from 0.20 mm to 0.45 mm and more preferably from 0, 25 mm to 0.40 mm. Such diameters are compatible with use in a tire. [52] In a preferred embodiment allowing a reduction of the contact pressures between the outer layers of the inner and outer strands and thus a breaking force gain, the outer layers of each inner and outer strand are wound in torsion directions different. Alternatively, the outer layers of each inner and outer strand are wound in the same direction of torsion. [53] In one embodiment for increasing the penetrability of each strand, the intermediate and outer layers of each strand are wound in different torsion directions. In another embodiment for increasing the breaking force of each strand, the intermediate and outer layers of each strand are wound in the same direction of torsion. [54] For the following, it is recalled that, in a known manner, the pitch represents the length, measured parallel to the axis of the cable, at the end of which a wire having this pitch performs a complete revolution about said axis of the cable. [55] The interleaf distance I of a layer is defined, on a section of the cable perpendicular to the main axis of the cable, as the smallest distance separating, on average on said layer, two adjacent wires of said layer. [056] According to optional characteristics independent of each other: the ratio d2 / 12 of the diameter d2 of the M intermediate wires of the inner strand to the mean inter-wire distance 12 between the M intermediate wires of the inner strand is such that d2 / I2k19 and preferably d2 / I2k25. The ratio d3 / 13 of the diameter d3 of the N external wires of the inner strand to the mean inter-wire distance 13 between the N outer wires of the inner strand is such that 5 d3 / I3 10 and preferably 7 d3 / I3 9. The ratio d 2 '/ 12' of the diameter d 2 'of the intermediate wires of each outer strand to the mean inter-wire distance 12' between the M 'intermediate wires of each outer strand is such that 5 d 2' / 12 '15 and Preferably, the ratio d '' / 13 'of the diameter d3' of the N 'outer wires of each outer strand to the mean inter-wire distance 13' between the N 'yarns. external of each outer strand is such that 3 d3 '/ 13' 10 and preferably 4 d3 '/ 13' 6. [57] Another object of the invention is a tire comprising at least one cable as defined above . [58] Preferably, the tire comprising a carcass reinforcement anchored in two beads and radially surmounted by a crown reinforcement itself surmounted by a tread which is joined to said beads by two flanks, said crown reinforcement comprises less a cable as defined above. [59] In a preferred embodiment, the crown reinforcement comprises a protective armature and a working armature, the armature comprising at least one cable as defined above, the armature being radially interposed between the tread and the reinforcement. [060] The cable is particularly intended for industrial vehicles chosen from heavy vehicles such as "heavy goods vehicles" - ie, metro, buses, road transport vehicles (trucks, tractors, trailers), off-the-road vehicles - agricultural or civil engineering machinery, other transport or handling vehicles. [61] Preferably, the tire is for civil engineering type vehicle.
[0004] Thus, the tire has a dimension in which the diameter, in inches, of the seat of the rim on which the tire is to be mounted is greater than or equal to 40 inches. [62] The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and with reference to the drawings in which: FIG. 1 is a sectional view perpendicular to the circumferential direction of a tire according to the invention; Figure 2 is a detail view of the area 1 of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a schematic sectional view perpendicular to the axis of the cable (assumed rectilinear and at rest) of a cable according to the invention; Figure 4 is a photograph of the actual cable according to the invention embedded in a rubber matrix, in a section similar to that of Figure 3; and Figures 5 to 8 are photographs similar to those of Figure 3 of control cables.
[0005] P10-3244_EN - 9 - [63] PNEUMATIC EXAMPLE ACCORDING TO INVENTION [64] Any range of values designated by the expression "from a to b" means the range of values from the "a" terminal to the terminal "b" that is to say including the strict limits "a" and "b". [065] In the figures, there is shown a reference X, Y, Z corresponding to the usual orientations respectively axial (X), radial (Y) and circumferential (Z) of a tire. [066] There is shown in Figures 1 and 2 a tire according to the invention and designated by the general reference 10. [067] The tire 10 is heavy vehicle type civil engineering, for example type "dumper". Thus, the tire 10 has a dimension of 53 / 80R63 type. [068] The tire 10 has a crown 12 reinforced by a crown reinforcement 14, two sidewalls 16 and two beads 18, each of these beads 18 being reinforced with a rod 20. The top 12 is radially surmounted by a tread 22 is joined to the beads 18 by the flanks 16. A carcass reinforcement 24 is anchored in the two beads 18, and is here wound around the two rods 20 and comprises a reversal 26 disposed towards the outside of the tire 20 which is shown here mounted on a rim 28. The carcass reinforcement 24 is surmounted radially by the crown reinforcement 14. [069] The carcass reinforcement 24 comprises at least one carcass ply 30 reinforced by radial carcass ropes (not shown) . The carcass cables are arranged substantially parallel to each other and extend from one bead 18 to the other so as to form an angle of between 80 ° and 90 ° with the median circumferential plane M (plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the tire which is located midway between the two beads 18 and passes through the middle of the crown reinforcement 14). [70] The tire 10 also comprises a sealing ply 32 made of an elastomer (commonly called inner rubber) which defines the radially inner face 34 of the tire 10 and which is intended to protect the carcass ply 30 from the diffusion of the tire. air from the interior space to the tire 10. [71] The crown reinforcement 14 comprises, radially from the outside to the inside of the tire 10, a protective armature 36 arranged radially inside the band 22, a working armature 38 arranged radially inside the protective armature 36 and an additional armature 40 arranged radially inside the armature 38. The protective armature 36 is thus radially interposed between the tread 22 and the reinforcement 38. P10-3244_EN -10- [72] The protective reinforcement 36 comprises first and second protective plies 42, 44 comprising reinforcement elements. strong metal protection, the first ply 42 being arranged radially inside the second ply 44. Optionally, the protective metal reinforcing elements have an angle at least equal to 10 °, preferably from 10 ° to 35 ° and preferably from 15 ° to 30 ° with the circumferential direction Z of the tire. [73] The working reinforcement 38 comprises first and second working plies 46, 48, the first ply 46 being arranged radially inside the second ply 48. Each ply 46, 48 comprises at least one metallic reinforcement element working comprising a cable 50 according to the invention. Optionally, the metal reinforcing elements of work are crossed from one working ply to another and make an angle at most equal to 60 °, preferably ranging from 15 ° to 40 ° with the circumferential direction Z of the tire . [74] The additional reinforcement 40, also called limiter block, whose function is to partially recover the mechanical stresses of inflation, comprises, for example and in a manner known per se, additional metal reinforcing elements, for example such as described in FR 2 419 181 or FR 2 419 182 making an angle at most equal to 10 °, preferably ranging from 5 ° to 10 ° with the circumferential direction Z of the tire 10. [75] EXAMPLE OF CABLE ACCORDING TO THE INVENTION [ 76] is shown in Figure 3 a cable 50 according to the invention. [77] The cable 50 is metallic and is of the multi-strand type with two cylindrical layers. Thus, it is understood that the strand layers constituting the cable 50 are two in number. The layers of strands are adjacent and concentric. The cable 10 is devoid of rubber when it is not integrated with the tire. [78] The cable 50 comprises an inner layer C1 of the cable 50 and an outer layer C2 of the cable 50. The inner layer C1 consists of a single inner strand TI. The outer layer C2 consists of L> 1 outer strands, that is to say several external strands TE wound helically around the inner layer C1 in a p-step. The cable 50 also comprises a band F consisting of a single wire wound helically around the outer layer C2 in a pitch pf. [79] The internal strand TI has an infinite pitch. The outer strands TE are wound helically in a winding direction of the outer strands, for example the direction S. The pitch p of the outer strands is such that 40 mm to 100 mm and preferably 50 mm to 90 mm. Here p = 70 mm. P10-3244 EN [80] The hoop F is helically wound in a winding direction of the hoop other than the winding direction of the outer strands. Thus, for example, the outer strands TE are wound in the direction S around the inner strand TI and the band F is wound in the direction Z. The pitch pf of the band F is such that 2 mm pf 10 mm and preferably 3 mm pf 8 mm. Here mp = 5.1 mm. [81] The assembly constituted by the internal C1 and outer C2 layers, that is to say the cable without the band F, has a diameter D greater than or equal to 4 mm and less than or equal to 6 mm, preferably at 5 mm and more preferably at 4.3 mm. The mean inter-strand distance E between two adjacent outer TE strands is greater than or equal to 30 μm, preferably 45 μm and more preferably 75 μm. The D / E ratio is less than or equal to 500, preferably 100 and more preferably 50. Here, D = 4.19 mm, E = 83.3 μm and D / E = 49.9. [82] The inner strand TI has a diameter D1 greater than the diameter DE of each outer strand TE. Preferably, DI / DEk1.05 and more preferably DI / DEk1.10. Preferably DI / DE1,20 and more preferably DI / DE1,15. In this case, DI = 1.982 mm, DE = 1.792 mm and DI / DE = 1.11. Thus, the outer layer C2 of the cable 50 is non-compact. By definition, a non-compact layer of strands is such that there are spaces for the gum to pass between the strands of the layer. [83] The inner strand TI comprises an inner layer 12 of the strand TI consisting of a single inner wire Fl, an intermediate layer 14 of the strand TI consisting of M intermediate wires F2 wound helically around the inner layer 12 in a step p2 , and an outer layer 16 of the strand TI consisting of N external wires F3 wound helically around the intermediate layer 14 in a step p3. Here, M = 6 and N = 11. [84] We have p2 such that 7 mm p2 30 mm and preferably 10 mm p2 25 mm and more preferably 10 mm p2 18 mm. The M son F2 are helically wound in an intermediate layer direction 14 of the strand TI. Here p2 = 14 mm. [85] We also have p3 such that 10 mm, 40 mm, and preferably 15 mm, 35 mm and more preferably 15 mm, 25 mm. The N son F3 are helically wound in an outer layer direction 16 of the strand TI. Here p3 = 20 mm. [086] Preferably, the outer layer direction 16 of the strand TI is identical to the intermediate layer sense 14 of the strand TI, for example the direction S. Alternatively, these directions are different. [087] Each inner, intermediate and outer wire of the inner wire TI respectively has a diameter dl, d2 and d3. Each wire has a breaking strength, denoted Rm, such that 2500 Rm 3100 MPa. The steel of these threads is said to be of grade SHT ("Super High Tensile"). Each diameter of the internal wires d1, d2 intermediate and external d3 of the inner wire TI is from 0.15 mm to 0.50 mm, preferably from 0.20 mm to 0.45 mm and more preferably from 0.25 mm to 0.40 mm. Here dl = 0.38 mm and d2 = d3 = 0.35 mm. [88] The intermediate layer 14 of the inner strand TI is saturated and non-compact. Indeed, the average inter-son distance 12 between the intermediate son M F2 is here equal to 12.6 pm. [89] The ratio d2 / I2 is such that d2 / 12k19 and preferably d2 / I2k25. Here, d2 / 12 = 27.70. [90] The outer layer 16 of the inner strand TI is unsaturated. Indeed, the average inter-son distance 13 between the N external son F3 is here equal to 45.4 pm. [091] The ratio d3 / I3 is such that 5 d3 / I3 10 and preferably 7 d3 / I3 9. Here, d3 / 13 = 7.71. [92] Each outer strand TE comprises an inner layer 12 'of the strand TE consisting of a single inner wire F1', an intermediate layer 14 'of the strand TE consisting of M' intermediate wires F2 'wound helically around the inner layer 12 'in a pitch p2', and an outer layer 16 'of the strand TE consisting of N' external wires F3 'helically wound around the intermediate layer in a pitch p3'. Here, M '= 6 and N' = 11. [93] For each outer strand TE, considered unwound from around the inner layer C1, p2 'such that 7 mm p2' 30 mm and preferably 10 mm p2 '25 mm and more preferably 10 mm p2' 18 mm. The M 'son F2' are helically wound in an intermediate layer direction 14 'of the TE strand. Here p 2 '= 14 mm. [94] It is also p3 'such that 10 mm p3' 40 mm and preferably 15 mm p3 '35 mm and more preferably 15 mm p3' 25 mm. The N 'son F3' are helically wound in an outer layer direction 16 'TE strand. Here p3 '= 20 mm. [095] Preferably, the outer layer direction 16 'of the TE strand is identical to the intermediate layer direction 14' of the TE strand, for example the Z direction. As a variant, these directions are different. [096] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the winding directions of the outer layers 16 and 16 'are different. [097] Each inner, intermediate and outer wire of each outer strand TE has a diameter dl ', d2' and d3 ', respectively. Each wire has a breaking strength, denoted Rm, such that 2500 Rm 3500 MPa. The steel of these threads is said to be of grade SHT ("Super High Tensile"). Each diameter of the internal wires d1 ', intermediate d2' and external d3 'of each outer strand TE is from 0.15 mm to 0.50 mm, preferably from 0.20 mm to 0.45 mm and more preferably from 0, 25 mm to 0.40 mm. Here d '= 0.38 mm and d2' = d3 '= 0.30 mm. P10-3244_EN -13- [98] The intermediate layer 14 'of the TE strand is saturated and non-compact. Indeed, the mean inter-wire distance 12 'between the intermediate wires F 2' is here equal to 38 μm. [99] The ratio d 2 '/ 12' is such that 5 d 2 '/ 12' 15 and preferably 5 d 2 '/ 12' 10.
[0006] Here, d2 '/ 12' = 7.90. The outer layer 16 'of the TE strand is unsaturated. Indeed, the average inter-son distance 13 'between the N' external son F3 'is here equal to 55.4 pm. The ratio d3 '/ 13' is such that 3 d3 '/ 13' 10 and preferably 4 d3 '/ 13' 6. Here, d3 '/ 13' = 5.42. Each outer wire F3 of the inner strand TI has a diameter d3 greater than the diameter d3 'of each outer wire F3 of the outer strand TE. In addition, each intermediate wire F2 of the inner strand TI has a diameter d2 greater than the diameter d2 'of each intermediate wire F2' of each outer strand TE. Each intermediate wire F2 of the inner wire TI has a diameter d2 equal to the diameter d3 of each outer wire F3 of the inner wire T1. Each wire F2 'of each outer wire TE has a diameter d2 equal to the diameter. d3 'of each outer wire F3' of said outer strand TE. The inner wire F1 of the inner wire TI has a diameter d1 greater than the diameter d2 of the intermediate wires F2 and to the diameter d3 of each outer wire F3 of the inner wire T1. The inner wire F1 'of each outer wire TE has a diameter dl 'greater than the diameter d2' of each intermediate wire F2 'and the diameter d3' of each outer wire F3 'of said outer strand TE. The cable according to the invention is manufactured using a method comprising steps that are well known to those skilled in the art. Thus, it is recalled that there are two possible techniques for assembling wire or metal strands: either by wiring: in such a case, the son or strands do not undergo torsion around their own axis, because of a synchronous rotation before and after the assembly point; or by twisting: in such a case, the son or strands undergo both a collective twist and an individual twist around their own axis, which generates a torque of untwisting each of the son or strands. The cable 50 is incorporated by calendering with composite fabrics formed of a known composition based on natural rubber and carbon black as reinforcing filler, conventionally used for the manufacture of reinforcements P10-3244_EN -14- top of radial tires. This composition essentially comprises, in addition to the elastomer and the reinforcing filler (carbon black), an antioxidant, stearic acid, an extension oil, cobalt naphthenate as adhesion promoter, finally a vulcanization system (sulfur, accelerator, ZnO). Composite fabrics reinforced by these cables comprise a rubber matrix formed of two thin layers of rubber which are superimposed on both sides of the cables and which respectively have a thickness of between 1 and 4 mm inclusive. The calender pitch (no laying of the cables in the rubber fabric) is between 4 mm and 8 mm inclusive. These composite fabrics are then used as a working ply in the crown reinforcement during the tire manufacturing process, the steps of which are otherwise known to those skilled in the art. COMPARATIVE MEASUREMENTS AND TESTS The cable 50 according to the invention was compared with several control cables T1, T2, T3 and T4. The cable 50, shown in FIG. 4, is a cable 126.30 FR according to the invention of structure [(0.38+ (6 + 11) x0.35) + 6x (0.38+ (6 + 11) x0.30 )] + 0.28 and whose sons are of grade SHT. The cable T1, shown in FIG. 5, is the cable 189.23 FR described in the preamble of the present application and of structure [(3 + 9 + 15) x0.23 + 6x (3 + 9 + 15) x0 .23] +0.26 and whose sons are of grade NT (for "Normal Tensile"). The cable T2, shown in FIG. 6, is a cable 77.35 FR of [(3 + 8) x0.35 + 6x (3 + 8) x0.35] +0.23 structure and whose wires are of HT grade. (for "High Tensile"). The breaking strength, denoted Rm, of the son of the cables T1 and T2 is such that 2500 M Pa Rm 3000 MPa. The cable T3, shown in FIG. 7, is a cable 126.35 FR of structure [(0.39+ (6 + 11) x0.35) + 6x (0.39+ (6 + 11) x0.35)] + 0.28 and whose sons are of grade SHT. The cable T4, shown in FIG. 8, is a cable 126.30 FR of structure [(0.38+ (6 + 11) x0.30) + 6x (0.38+ (6 + 11) x0.30)] + 0.28 and whose sons are of grade SHT. The tensile strength, denoted Rm, of the son of the cables T3, T4 and 50 is such that Rm> 3000 MPa.
[0007] P10-3244 EN -15- [0120] Torque measurements [0121] The breaking force measurement denoted Fm (maximum load in N) is performed under tension according to the ISO 6892 standard of 1984. Table 1 below shows the results obtained from breaking strength Fm. The rupture force before aging Fi is measured on a manufactured cable having been stored under normal conditions of pressure and temperature for a period of less than or equal to 4 months. The breaking force after aging Fr is measured on a manufactured cable having been heated at 150 ° C. for 1 hour. The breaking force of the gummed cable Fg is measured on a non-aged gummed cable (storage for a period of less than or equal to 4 months). Air permeability test This test makes it possible to determine the longitudinal permeability to air of the cables tested, by measuring the volume of air passing through a specimen under constant pressure for a given time. The principle of such a test, well known to those skilled in the art, is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the treatment of a cable to make it impermeable to air; it has been described for example in ASTM D2692-98. The test is performed here on cables from manufacturing and not aged. The raw cables are previously coated from the outside with a so-called coating gum. For this, a series of 10 cables arranged in parallel (inter-cable distance: 20 mm) is placed between two layers or "skims" (two rectangles of 80 x 200 mm) of a diene rubber composition in the green state, each skim having a thickness of 5 mm; the whole is then locked in a mold, each of the cables being kept under a sufficient tension (for example 3 daN) to ensure its straightness during the establishment in the mold, using clamping modules; then the vulcanization (baking) is carried out for about 10 to 12 hours at a temperature of about 120 ° C and a pressure of 15 bar (rectangular piston 80 x 200 mm). After which, the assembly is demolded and cut 10 pieces of cables thus coated, in the form of parallelepipeds of dimensions 7x7x60 mm, for characterization. A conventional rubber diene rubber composition based on natural rubber (peptized) and carbon black N330 (65 phr), comprising the following usual additives: sulfur (7 phr), is used as coating gum. ), sulfenamide accelerator (1 phr), ZnO (8 phr), stearic acid (0.7 phr), antioxidant (1.5 phr), cobalt naphthenate (1.5 phr) (phr parts per hundred parts) elastomer); the E10 module of the coating gum is approximately 10 M Pa. The test is carried out on 6 cm of cable length, so coated by its surrounding rubber composition (or coating gum) in the cooked state, in the following manner: air is sent to the cable inlet, under a pressure of 1 bar, and the volume of air at the outlet is measured using a flow meter (calibrated for example from 0 to 500 cm3 / min). During the measurement, the cable sample is locked in a compressed seal (eg a dense foam or rubber seal) in such a way that only the amount of air passing through the cable from one end to the other, along its longitudinal axis, is taken into account by the measure; the tightness of the seal itself is checked beforehand with the aid of a solid rubber specimen, that is to say without cable. The average air flow measured (average of 10 specimens) is even lower than the longitudinal imperviousness of the cable is high. As the measurement is made with an accuracy of ± 0.2 cm3 / min, measured values less than or equal to 0.2 cm3 / min are considered to be zero; they correspond to a cable which can be described as airtight (totally airtight) along its axis (i.e., in its longitudinal direction). The procedure is similar to measure the flow rate of each inner and outer strand. The inner and outer strands are obtained by separating the inner and outer strands from each other. The results of the tests carried out on the control cables T1 to T4 and 50 according to the invention are summarized in Table 1 below. The word "NM" means that the test has not been carried out and no measurement has been made. The diameter is indicated in base 100 relative to the cable Ti. Thus, for a cable T of diameter D (T), the value of D in base 100 D (T, 100) is given by the relation D (T, 100) = D (T) / D (T1). The decay Dv force breaking due to the aging of the cable is equal to the ratio (Fi-Fr) / Fi in which Fi is the breaking force before aging and Fr is the breaking force after aging. The decay Dg breaking force due to the exfoliation of the cable is equal to the ratio (Fi-Fg) / Fi in which Fi is the breaking force before aging and Fg is the breaking force after scrubbing the cable. The breaking force of the web Fm is measured by considering the breaking force of the gummed cable Fg. This breaking strength Fm is indicated in base 100 with respect to a sheet comprising the cable Ti. Thus, for a ply comprising tensile force T ropes Fm (T), the value of Fm in base P10-3244_FR -17- 100 Fm (T, 100) is given by the relation Fm (T, 100) = Fm (T) / Fm (T1). For each cable, the breaking strength of the web was calculated for the same inter-cable distance. Those skilled in the art will be able to choose the inter-cable distance corresponding to the desired level of reinforcement. Table 1 Cable T1 T2 T3 T4 50 Denomination 189.23 EN 77.35 EN 126.35 EN 126.30 EN 126.30 EN NT HT SHT SHT SHT E (pm) 0 0 0 0 87.3 12 (pm) 66 15 19 38 12.6 13 (pm) 11/53 55 47.6 12 '(pm) 66 15 19 38 38 13' (pm) 11/53 55 55 Cable diameter (base 100 94 121 104 109 100) without ferrule F Force at break (N) without aging Fi 20297 18231 32085 26794 25357 Force at rupture (N) 20003 16676 NM 23363 22798 after aging Fr Force at rupture (N) of 20608 18126 31466 26845 25327 gummed cable Fg Decrease Dv (%) 1,4 8,5 NM 12,8 10 , 1 Decrease Dg (% -1.5 0.6 1.9 -0.19 0.1 Strength at breakwater 100 92 132 126 115 Fm (base 100) Internal strand Flow (cm3.min-1)> 100 50 80 64 5 Number of points to 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% Null rate External strand External strand rate> 100 1 20 9 0 (cm3.min-1) Number of points at 0%> 25% 0% 0% 100% Nil Flow Cable Average Flow (cm3.min-1)> 400 35 120 50 8 P10-3244 EN -18- [0137] Regarding the penetrability of the cables tested, it is noted that the cable 50 According to the invention, the average flow rate is much lower than that of all the control cables T1 to T4. Thus, the cable 50 according to the invention has improved penetrability. The inter-strand spaces made possible by the DI> DE feature allow the rubber to access, on the one hand, the inner strand (the flow of the inner strand of the cable according to the invention 50 is much lower than that of the control cables T1 to T4) and, secondly, at the junction between each outer strand and the inner strand which allows to penetrate integrally each outer strand (the rate of each outer strand of the cable according to the invention 50 is much lower than those T1 to T4 control cables). These results are observable in the photographs of FIGS. 4 to 8 on which it is observed that: the cable 50 according to the invention (FIG. 4) is almost completely penetrated with rubber; the cable T1 (FIG. 5) has capillaries in each inner and outer strand and between each outer strand and the inner strand; the cable T2 (FIG. 6) is relatively well penetrated with gum except for the inner strand which has capillaries; - The cable T3 (Figure 7) has many capillaries in the inner strand but also in some outer strands; and the cable T4 not in accordance with the invention (FIG. 8) has numerous capillaries in the inner strand and between certain outer strands and the inner strand. Regarding the breaking forces of the cables tested, it will be noted that the cables T2, T3, T4 and 50 have a significant decrease in the breaking force after aging (breaking force Fr) and an increase in this breaking force after exfoliation (breaking force Fg) contrary to the T1 cable for which the breaking force remains substantially constant after aging and after scrubbing. As explained above, the very high penetrability of the cable 50 according to the invention makes it possible on the one hand to at least partially restore the vault and on the other hand to create rubber cushions between the inner and outer strands so that the gummed cable has a breaking force Fr close to the breaking force without aging Fi. Still concerning the breaking forces, the cable 50 according to the invention has fracture forces Fi and Fg much greater than the T1 and T2 cables thus providing better reinforcement. P10-3244_FR -19- [0140] In addition, the cable 50 according to the invention has a significantly smaller diameter than the cable T3, which maximizes the metal mass that can be put in a sheet. It is also possible to reduce the thickness of the ply and thus the temperature rise, the rolling resistance and the mass of the tire. [0141] In conclusion, the cable 50 according to the invention has the best compromise between breaking force, penetrability , yield and ease of use in web. Of course, the invention is not limited to the previously described embodiments. For example, some son could be non-circular section, for example plastically deformed, in particular substantially oval section or polygonal, for example triangular, square or rectangular. The son, of circular section or not, for example a corrugated wire, may be twisted, twisted helical or zig-zag. In such cases, it must of course be understood that the diameter of the wire represents the diameter of the cylinder of imaginary revolution which surrounds the wire (space diameter), and no longer the diameter (or any other transverse size, if its section is not circular) of the core wire itself. For reasons of industrial feasibility, cost and overall performance, it is preferred to implement the invention with linear son, that is to say right, and conventional circular cross section. The characteristics of the various embodiments described or envisaged above may also be combined provided that they are compatible with one another. P10-3244_FR

权利要求:
Claims (17)
[0001]
REVENDICATIONS1. Multi-strand wire (50) with two layers, characterized in that it comprises: - an inner layer (C1) of the cable (50) consisting of an inner strand (TI), - an outer layer (C2) of cable (50) consisting of L> 1 outer strands (TE), each inner and outer strand (TI, TE) comprising: - an inner and outer strand inner layer (12, 12 ') (TI, TE) respectively consisting of an inner wire (F1, F1 '), - an intermediate layer (14, 14') of the inner and outer strand (TI, TE) respectively consisting of M and M 'intermediate wires (F2, F2'), and - a external layer (16, 16 ') of the inner and outer strand (TI, TE) respectively consisting of N and N' external wires (F3, F3 '), in which: the diameter D1 of the inner strand (TI) is greater than diameter DE of each outer strand (TE), - each outer strand (F3) of the inner strand (TI) has a diameter d3 greater than the diameter d3 'of each outer strand (F3) of each outer strand (TE), and - the exte layer rne (16 ') of each outer strand (TE) is unsaturated.
[0002]
2. Cable (50) according to the preceding claim, wherein the inner wire (F1 ') of each outer strand (TE) has a diameter dl' greater than the diameter d2 'of each intermediate wire (F2') of said outer strand (TE ).
[0003]
3. Cable (50) according to any preceding claim, wherein the inner wire (F1 ') of each outer strand (TE) has a diameter dl' greater than the diameter d3 'of each outer wire (F3') of said outer strand (TE).
[0004]
4. Cable (50) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of the diameter D of the assembly constituted by the inner (C1) and outer (C2) layers of the cable (10) over the distance E average strands of the outer layer (C2) is less than or equal to 500, preferably 100 and more preferably 50.
[0005]
The cable (50) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the intermediate layer (14 ') of each outer strand (TE) is saturated.
[0006]
The cable (50) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the outer layer (16) of the inner strand (TI) is unsaturated.
[0007]
A cable (50) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the intermediate layer (14) of the inner strand (TI) is saturated. P10-3244_EN- 21 -
[0008]
8. Cable (50) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the inner wire (F1) of the inner strand (TI) has a diameter dl greater than the diameter d3 of each outer wire (F3) of the inner strand (TI) .
[0009]
9. Cable (50) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the inner wire (F1) of the inner strand (TI) has a diameter dl greater than the diameter d2 of each intermediate wire (F2) of the inner strand (TI) .
[0010]
Cable (50) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each intermediate wire (F2) of the inner strand (TI) has a diameter d2 greater than the diameter d2 'of each intermediate wire (F2') of each outer strand. (YOU).
[0011]
11. Cable (50) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein M = M '= 6.
[0012]
Cable (50) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein N = N '= 11.
[0013]
13. Cable (50) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the outer layers of each inner and outer strand are wound in different directions of torsion.
[0014]
14. Cable (50) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the intermediate and outer layers of each strand are wound in the same direction of torsion.
[0015]
15. Pneumatic tire (10), characterized in that it comprises at least one cable (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 14.
[0016]
16. Pneumatic tire (10) according to the preceding claim, comprising a carcass reinforcement (24) anchored in two beads (18) and radially surmounted by a crown reinforcement (14) itself surmounted by a tread (22). which is joined to said beads (18) by two flanks (16), said crown reinforcement (14) comprises at least one cable (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 14.
[0017]
17. A tire (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein the crown reinforcement (14) comprises a protective armature (38) and a working armature (36), the armature (36) comprising at least one cable (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, the protective armature (38) being radially interposed between the tread (22) and the working armature (36). P10-3244_FR

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同族专利:

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引用文献:

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EP2298986A1|2008-06-13|2011-03-23|Bridgestone Corporation|Steel cord for reinforcement of rubber product and pneumatic tire using same|

EP3196354B1|2014-07-28|2019-06-12|Bridgestone Corporation|Steel cord for reinforcing rubber article|

US10895037B2|2014-07-28|2021-01-19|Bridgestone Corporation|Steel cord for reinforcing rubber article|

FR3060617A1|2016-12-20|2018-06-22|Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin|MULTI-TORON CABLE WITH TWO LAYERS WITH IMPROVED PENETRABILITY|

FR3060616A1|2016-12-20|2018-06-22|Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin|MULTI-TORON CABLE WITH TWO LAYERS WITH IMPROVED PENETRABILITY|

WO2019122721A1|2017-12-19|2019-06-27|Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin|Two-layer multi-strand cords having very low, low and medium moduli|

WO2019122724A1|2017-12-19|2019-06-27|Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin|Two-layer multi-strand cords having very low, low and medium moduli|

WO2019122720A1|2017-12-19|2019-06-27|Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin|Two-layer multi-strand cables having very low, low and medium modulus|

EP3728730A1|2017-12-19|2020-10-28|Compagnie Générale des Etablissements Michelin|Two-layer multi-strand cords having very low, low and medium moduli|

US20210188004A1|2017-12-19|2021-06-24|Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin|Two-layer multi-strand cords having very low, low and medium moduli|

WO2019243689A1|2018-06-20|2019-12-26|Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin|Double-layer multi-strand cord with improved penetrability|

WO2019243690A1|2018-06-20|2019-12-26|Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin|Double-layer multi-strand cable with improved penetrability|

法律状态:
2015-12-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |

2016-12-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |

2017-12-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |

2019-09-27| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20190906 |

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

FR1362668A|FR3014913B1|2013-12-16|2013-12-16|TWO-LAYER MULTI-TONE METAL CABLE|FR1362668A| FR3014913B1|2013-12-16|2013-12-16|TWO-LAYER MULTI-TONE METAL CABLE|

PCT/EP2014/076117| WO2015090920A1|2013-12-16|2014-12-01|Two-layer multi-strand metal cable|

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