• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing plant substrates in which the method biomass and biocarbon is fed to a crusher (100), whereby probiotic solution and mixture obtained from the crusher, whose particle size is below 25 mm, are fed to a crushing screw conveyor (107), where said screw conveyor is provided with at least one knife. The particle size of the biocarbon is 0.01–2.5 mm and the biocarbon is used 0.05–7% by volume of the biomass. The probiotic solution contains lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria and at least one yeast microbial and probiotic solution uses 0.1–2% by volume of the biomass.
    公开号:FI20185676A1
    申请号:FI20185676
    申请日:2018-08-08
    公开日:2020-02-09
    发明作者:Martti Kivioja
    申请人:Suomen Biokiertotuote Oy；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    METHOD OF PREPARING THE MEDIA
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a culture medium 5 from biowaste. In the method, the biowaste is crushed and mixed with the selected raw materials in a suitable manner.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    Significant amounts of biowaste are generated in agriculture, green space management and plant production, e.g. weeding waste, ίο growing waste (eg tomato and cucumber seedlings, etc.), threshing waste, cutting waste, etc. Such waste cannot typically be applied as such to lawns or fields, or used as a growing medium. The waste is usually collected in compost, and composting is started to convert the waste into soil. Often the waste is not utilized completely.
    is The waste can be composted on site or transported elsewhere for composting. However, compost typically needs care, for example it should be turned and aerated. This requires both labor and energy, and in addition the process is quite slow, so if large amounts of waste are generated, significant space is needed for composting. Furthermore, if the waste 20 contains, for example, food waste, pests such as rats are a possible nuisance.
    OBJECTIVES AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method for preparing a growing medium by means of which the biowaste is directly available as a growing medium, for example as such or applied to a field. Particularly preferably, the medium prepared by the method according to the invention does not have the problems of the prior art. Still
    20185676 prh 08 -08- 2018 It is an object of the invention to provide an apparatus for carrying out the method.
    This object is achieved by a method according to the invention for preparing a culture medium, in which method
    - feeding biomass and biochar to the crusher,
    - the probiotic solution and the mixture obtained from the crusher with a particle size of less than mm are fed to a crushing screw conveyor with at least one cutting blade with a biochar particle size of 0.01-2.5 mm and 0.0510 7% by volume of biomass used; the probiotic solution comprises lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria and at least one yeast and the probiotic solution is used in 0.1-2% by volume of biomass.
    The invention further relates to an apparatus for producing a culture medium, which apparatus comprises
    - crusher,
    - a biomass hopper connected to the crusher,
    - a biochar hopper connected to the crusher,
    - a particle size separator arranged after the crusher,
    - a continuous weighing device for weighing particles from the separator,
    - a crushing screw conveyor with at least one cutting blade for mixing the weighed particles,
    - a fluid connection for supplying the probiotic solution to the screw conveyor,
    - at least one humidity sensor with a weighing device or at the beginning of the screw conveyor,
    at least one humidity sensor at the end of the screw conveyor, and
    - control means for controlling the equipment on the basis of the measurement data produced by the weighing device and the humidity sensors.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    Figure 1 schematically shows an apparatus according to an embodiment in its operating position.
    Figure 2 shows the apparatus of Figure 1 in its transport position.
    Figure 3 shows a separator according to an embodiment.
    Figure 4 shows a blade profile of a crusher according to an embodiment.
    Figure 5 shows the structure of a screw conveyor according to an embodiment.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    20185676 prh 08 -08- 2018
    The invention therefore relates to a method for preparing a culture medium, in which method
    - feeding biomass and biochar to the crusher,
    - a probiotic solution and a mixture obtained from a crusher with a particle size of less than
    25 mm, fed to a crushing screw conveyor having at least one cutting blade with a biochar particle size of 0.01-2.5 mm and using biochar 0.057% by volume of biomass; the probiotic solution comprises lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria and at least one yeast and the probiotic solution is used in 0.1-2% by volume of biomass.
    The invention therefore relates to a process in which biomass is crushed and mixed with a probiotic solution and biochar. The product obtained can be used, for example, as a growing medium, or it can be applied to lawns or fields as a fertilizer and soil improver. For example, the product can be packaged in sales packages and / or culture bags.
    20185676 prh 08 -08- 2018
    The functionality of the product produced by the method is affected by e.g. the particle size of the biomass, i.e. how finely the biomass is crushed. The particle size of the mixture obtained from the crusher is less than 25 mm. According to one embodiment, the particle size 5 of the mixture obtained from the crusher is less than 10 mm. Thus, the particle size of the mixture obtained from the crusher may be, for example, from 0.1; 0.2; 0.5; 0.8; 1; 1.3; 1.5; 2; 2.6; 3; 3.2; 3.6; 4; 5; 5.5; 6; 6.2; 6.8; 7; 8 or 9 mm 1; 1.3; 1.5; 2; 2.6; 3; 3.2; 3.6; 4; 5; 5.5; 6; 6.2; 6.8; 7; 7.5; 8; 8.5; 9; 9.5; 10; 10.5; 11; 11.5; 12; 12.5; 13; 13.5; 14; 14.5; 15; 15.5; 16; 16.5; 17; 17.5; 18; 18.5; 19; 19.5; ίο 20; 20.5; 21; 21.5; 23; 23.5; 24; Up to 24.5 or 25 mm. Particle size refers to the largest dimension of a particle, and the particle size can be determined, for example, by screening. Typically, the particle size is practically not changed in the screw conveyor, but mixing occurs. The cutting blades of the screw conveyor allow the moist material to not clump, but to remain the intended material. If the method and equipment were used without a separator, the particle size of the material in the screw conveyor would typically be reduced by 5-10% of what it is when coming from the crusher.
    In addition, the content, amount and concentration of the probiotic solution to be added, as well as the amount of biochar used, have an effect. If excipients are used, of course, their amount also affects the end result. The amounts required as well as possible supports also depend to some extent on the biomass used. The properties of the growing medium are e.g. its power and growth power, in addition, it must be free of plant diseases. These can be measured chemically (e.g., to analyze nutrients and plant diseases in the culture medium) as well as in germination and / or culture experiments.
    Thus, according to one embodiment, at least one support material is additionally fed to the crusher and / or the screw conveyor. The support material can be selected from 30 humus-containing bog waters for the production of biochar
    20185676 prh 08 -08- 2018 distillate (which is the acid produced during pyrolysis), moss, peat, soil, gravel, sand, phosphorus, zinc, nitrogen, iron chelates and manganese. When using a marsh, it can be added to the probiotic solution or separately. It is also possible to use a mixture of brine and the like distillate, for example a 50:50 mixture. Alternatively, the mixture may contain, for example, 30-70% by volume of distillate and 70-30% by volume of distillate.
    The amount of support can be, for example, 0.01 to 0.15% by volume of the amount of biomass. Thus, the amount of support may be from 0.01; 0.02; 0.03; 0.05; 0.07; 0.09; 0.10 or 0.12% by volume 0.03; 0.05; 0.07; 0.09; 0.10; 0.12; ίο up to 0,14% or 0,15% vol.
    The biochar used in the process is a porous, pure organic product typically made by pyrolysis. The biochar can be made of any wood material, typically willow, birch, wound or spruce. Biochar is typically in powder form. The biochar 15 has a particle size of 0.01-2.5 mm and is used in 0.05-7% by volume of biomass. According to one embodiment, the biochar has a particle size of 0.3-0.5 mm. Thus, for example, the particle size of the biochar may be from 0.01; 0.02; 0.05; 0.08; 0.1; 0.13; 0.15; 0.2; 0.26; 0.3; 0.32; 0.36; 0.4; 0.5; 0.55; 0.6; 0.62; 0.68; 0.7; 0.8; 0.9, 1.0; 1.3; 1.5 or 2.0 mm 0.1; 0.13; 20 0.15; 0.2; 0.26; 0.3; 0.32; 0.36; 0.4; 0.5; 0.55; 0.6; 0.62; 0.68; 0.7;
    0.8; 0.9, 1.0; 1.3; 1.5; 2.0; 2.1; Up to 2.3 or 2.5 mm. Biochar is used, for example, from 0.05, 0.1; 0.13; 0.15; 0.2; 0.26; 0.3; 0.32; 0.36;
    0.4; 0.5; 0.55; 0.6; 0.62; 0.68; 0.7; 0.8; 0.9, 1.0; 1.3; 1.5; 2.0; 2.1; 2.3; 2.5; 3.0; 3.5; 4.0; 4.5; 5.0; 5.2; 5.4; 5.5; 5.7; 5.9; 6.0; 6.2 or 6.5% by volume 0.5; 0.55; 0.6; 0.62; 0.68; 0.7; 0.8; 0.9, 1.0; 1.3; 1.5; 2.0;
    2.1; 2.3; 2.5; 3.0; 3.5; 4.0; 4.5; 5.0; 5.2; 5.4; 5.5; 5.7; 5.9; 6.0; 6.2;
    6.5; Up to 6.7 or 7.0% by volume of biomass.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the biomass is selected from the group consisting of food waste, animal waste, used growing medium, peat, moss, soil, compost, food industry waste, biogas plant waste,
    20185676 prh 08 -08- 2018 planters in their mixtures. The plant waste can be, for example, weeding waste, growth waste, threshing waste, twig waste, raking waste and mixtures thereof.
    Recyclable bio-waste therefore includes:
    - various growing media, peat, moss, soil, compost
    - animal manure and sludges
    - food scraps
    brewery mash
    wastes from biogas plants ίο - threshing wastes
    - various bedding
    raking waste
    - plants, stems, roots, etc.
    - various berries which cannot be used for human consumption
    The biowaste may also contain, for example, hemp rope used in cultivation. With the apparatus according to the invention, it is also possible to break it up so small that it lands quickly and does not cause any harm in the final product. In addition, new, fresh peat or moss can be added to the crusher.
    According to one embodiment, the resulting medium does not contain any biowaste, but only peat, moss or peat / moss mixture in a ratio of 80/20. It is thus possible to use the apparatus and method according to the invention also for the production of a growing medium which does not contain biowaste but other biomass. In this case, peat and optionally moss are used instead of biowaste. Such media do not typically require a certificate of analysis for plant diseases, such as media using bio-waste, when they are re-supplied (typically a farmer can use his own plant waste for his own use without analysis).
    20185676 prh 08 -08- 2018
    The probiotic solution used prevents the formation of harmful bacteria and microbes. The probiotic solution contains both aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria, which enhance e.g. composting and operate under anaerobic conditions, eliminating the need to mix the compost. Thus, the composting time is halved compared to the situation where no probiotic solution is used.
    The probiotic solution is prepared, for example, using raw materials in an oxygen-free state. The following raw materials, for example, can be used in the preparation of the probiotic solution.
    ίο Probiotic mixture:
    - lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus casei, amount> 10 μmy / g, ATCC 7469;
    - lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum, amount> 10 μmy / g, ATCC 8014;
    - yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, amount> 10 μmy / g, IFO 0203; and
    - photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseydomonas palustris amount> 10 μmy / g, ATCC 17001.
    To this mixture is added 70 liters of 900 liters of UV-filtered water, and an additional 30 liters of sugar cane molasses are added to the mixture. The mixture can then be arranged in an airtight and sterile container from which the resulting gas exits through an airlock. During the manufacturing process, the temperature is typically maintained at a temperature of about + 35-38 ° C and the processing time is 3.5-4 weeks.
    The following are a few possible blend ratios for different uses.
    A growing medium suitable for commercial gardens and the like can be prepared by the method presented using as raw materials
    - 1 m3 of used medium;
    20185676 prh 08 -08- 2018
    - 2-5 l of probiotic solution;
    - 10-15 l of biochar, with a recommended particle size of 0.3-0.5 mm; and
    - 0.5-0.8 L of a 50/50 mixture of humus-containing peat water and biochar distillate.
    Other excipients can be added as needed, such as phosphorus, zinc, manganese, etc., 0.1-0.3 I. Studies have shown that these mixture ratios provide a very well-functioning, nutritious and plant-free medium from the medium used, e.g. for the cultivation of cucumbers and tomatoes.
    ίο A medium suitable for golf courses and similar green courses can be prepared by the method described using as raw materials
    - 1 m 3 Bushing and cutting waste; sleeve waste is generated in connection with the mechanical aeration of greens and fairways; Cutting waste is generated from the cutting of greens, fairways and rough roads and other measures related to field rehabilitation / landscaping;
    - 3-5 l of probiotic solution;
    - 25-35 I biochar; and
    - a mixture of 0.3-0.5 l of humus-containing peat water and biochar distillate in a ratio of 50/50.
    Other excipients can be added as needed such as iron chelates, nitrogen, etc., 0.5-1 I. User experience has shown that these blends provide a very well-functioning, nutritious, and plant-free growth medium for bio-waste from golf course management. In addition, a mixture of, for example, 1.0 m 3 of biowaste, 5-6 l of probiotic solution and 60-70 l of biochar can be used.
    The final product obtained by the method can be applied directly to the field, or it can be mixed with field soil by plowing or hoeing. Alternatively, the final product can be gutted, as it is also composted
    20185676 prh 08 -08- 2018 in anaerobic conditions. The above-mentioned final product utilizing golf course cutting waste can be applied directly back to the golf course.
    If it is found that the medium contains plant diseases from biowaste, the medium can still be re-treated with a probiotic solution. In this case, up to 100% of the solution can be used, with the normal concentration typically being about 10% (i.e. the probiotic solution obtained above is diluted to about 10%). Indeed, according to one embodiment, the concentration of the probiotic solution is 5-25%, with the remainder of the probiotic solution being water or the like. Thus, the concentration of the probiotic solution ίο can be, for example, from 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18 or 20%
    Up to 7, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 22 or 25%. Additionally or alternatively, when recycled biomass is used for commercial purposes (i.e., for use away from the biomass production site), the treated material should be composted long enough to reach a temperature of 40-60 degrees to kill various plant diseases and harmful bacteria. The probiotic solution used in the method, and in particular its anaerobic bacteria, are an essential part of efficient composting, as mentioned above.
    The invention also relates to an apparatus for producing a culture medium, which apparatus comprises
    - crusher,
    - a biomass hopper connected to the crusher,
    - biochar hopper,
    - a particle size separator arranged after the crusher,
    - a continuous weighing device for weighing particles from the separator,
    - a crushing screw conveyor with at least one cutting blade for mixing the weighed particles,
    - a fluid connection for supplying the probiotic solution to the screw conveyor,
    20185676 prh 08 -08- 2018
    - at least one humidity sensor with a weighing device or at the beginning of the screw conveyor,
    at least one humidity sensor at the end of the screw conveyor, and
    - control means for controlling the equipment on the basis of the measurement data produced by the weighing device and the humidity sensors.
    Depending on the application, the requirements for the final product are different. For golf courses, for example, the end product must be very finely divided, while a coarser end result is sufficient for general composting. The properties and moisture of the starting material also vary substantially depending on the situation. Therefore, the comminution of the biomass to be treated takes place in the equipment at up to three or four different points and the degree of comminution can be adjusted. Grinding takes place in a crusher, separator, screw conveyor and return screw.
    The crusher used in the apparatus is preferably a so-called a powerful 15 coarse crusher that, thanks to its blade profile, is able to crush substrates, wood material as well as long and tough plant parts for further processing. For example, the crusher may comprise two separate crusher parts arranged opposite each other and working together. Their angles of inclination are preferably symmetrical. The cutting blades may comprise, for example, claw-shaped projections to improve the crushing and shearing efficiency. An example of a suitable cutting blade is shown in the figures below.
    The biochar feed hopper may be connected to a crusher or screw conveyor, typically at its initial end. All supply connections 25 used in the apparatus preferably comprise the necessary valve arrangements. Particularly preferably, the valves can be controlled by control means, i.e. the equipment operates automatically or semi-automatically.
    Typically, solid raw materials are added to the crusher and liquid and / or paste to the screw conveyor. Alternatively, if fixed
    20185676 prh 08 -08- 2018 the raw material is already of uniform quality, ie the particle size is within the desired limits, even solid raw material can be fed directly to the screw conveyor. The length of the screw conveyor is, for example, 4 m. It can also comprise sensors other than humidity sensors, such as 5 temperature gauges, pressure gauges and the like.
    The screw conveyor has at least one, typically several cutting blades, so it also acts as a mixer and crusher in addition to the conveyor. According to one embodiment, sharpenable blade pieces are connected to the threads of the screw. The rotational speed of the screw conveyor can be, for example, 40-100 ίο rpm, depending on the biomass used. Most typically, the apparatus has a single screw conveyor, but there may be more than one, such as two or three, arranged in parallel or in succession, if desired.
    The control means typically controls the feed rates, speeds and speed of the crusher and / or screw conveyor. According to one embodiment, the control means controls at least one of biomass feed rate, biomass feed rate, biochar feed rate, biochar feed rate, probiotic solution feed rate, probiotic solution feed rate, crusher operating speed, and screw conveyor rotation speed. Typically, these are based on the desired final product 20 as well as the moisture content of the pulp at different stages of the equipment.
    Thus, the apparatus is typically programmable, and particularly preferably comprises programs for various biomasses and end product specifications.
    The hardware may also comprise means for sending the measurement data to a separate server which controls the hardware. In this case, the apparatus thus comprises means for transmitting the measurement data and for receiving the control commands. Data transfer can be wired or wireless. Measurement data as well as optionally information on how the equipment is controlled and what is the effect of the control on the final product (for example its moisture) can also be collected in a database,
    20185676 prh 08 -08- 2018 to the cloud, for example, and can be tracked and used for customer management as well as operational planning and monitoring.
    According to one embodiment, the apparatus further comprises means for transferring the impermeable material of the separator to the biomass feed hopper 5. This so-called the return screw preferably acts like a screw conveyor by re-preparing the waste returning to the crusher.
    The apparatus also comprises a separator based on particle size. Preferably, the separator is a screen structure. Particularly advantageously, the separator has an adjustable screen structure which grinds, if necessary, challenging dry ίο materials.
    Thus, according to one embodiment, the separator is a screen. Particularly preferably, the screen comprises replaceable lower grid, upper grid and upper grid slides. The spacing of the grilles is adjustable depending on the material to be treated. The opposing surfaces of the gratings thus also act as intersecting surfaces.
    The mass enters through the upper grid in reciprocating motion. The sharp edges of the gratings grind the material to be treated and the sufficiently finely ground mass is passed through the lower grate further to the mixing screw. The mass impermeable to the lower grid is transferred along the surface of the lower grid to the return screw 20 and further to be crushed again. The lower grating is particularly advantageously replaceable and the mesh size of the grating used in each case depends on the mass to be treated.
    Thus, according to one embodiment, the screen consists of a reciprocating upper space and a replaceable lower space. Both gratings 25 can be made of flat steels welded crosswise to a vertical position and the opposite surfaces of the gratings are ground so that a cutting edge is formed at the edge of each slat. The upper grille can be attached to an angle iron frame with a guide bar on both sides. Ohjainlatta
    20185676 prh 08 -08- 2018 can be fastened at one end by means of a joint to a rotating rod leaving a drive device, for example an electric motor, by means of which the reciprocating movement of the upper grille is effected.
    The guide plates preferably slide between the wear plastics, which in turn are attached to the frame of the top of the screen. The clearance between the upper grille and the lower grille can be adjusted according to the material to be treated by means of adjusting screws, by means of which the upper grille body is attached to the fixed frame of the entire device.
    Depending on the material to be treated, the replaceable lower grille can also be placed in an angle iron frame, which in turn is attached to the lower frame of the screen. The lower body of the screen can be attached to the fixed body of the entire device by means of coil springs.
    The biomass to be treated thus comes from the crusher through a sufficiently small number of upper gratings. The material allowed by the mesh size of the lower grating passes through the lower grating to 15 agitator screws and the mass impermeable to the lower grating remains between the gratings.
    The reciprocating movement of the upper grating grinds the intervening mass until it either passes through the lower grating or, thanks to the movement of the upper grating, enters the return screw feed hopper and thereby is further crushed.
    If the lower grate is supported on the entire screen frame by coil springs, the reciprocating movement of the upper grate and the mass between the gratings also make the lower grid act as a vibrator, which facilitates both mass passage from the lower grate and impermeable mass to the return screw hopper.
    The size of the lower screens used can be, depending on the application, for example, when reshaping the used growing media in vegetable gardens, the optimal screen size is 1-2.5 cm;
    20185676 prh 08 -08- 2018
    - optimal screen size for golf and other green area sleeve waste applied to greens 6-8 mm; and
    - the optimal screen size for cutting waste applied to fairways, roughage and new medium is 0.8-1.5 cm.
    According to one embodiment, the separator is arranged to transfer particles with a size of less than 25 mm to the weighing device.
    Thus, according to one embodiment, the separator is a screen comprising a lower grid, a substantially parallel upper grid arranged at a distance from the lower grid, which upper grid is arranged to be moved ίο in the transverse direction. Preferably, the lower grille is arranged to be replaceable and the distance is arranged to be adjustable.
    According to another embodiment, the apparatus further comprises at least one of rings, support legs, at least one hopper vibrator, lifting means, a generator and means for bagging the final product 15. Of course, the hardware may also comprise several of these accessories. Particularly preferably, the support legs are adjustable. In addition, according to a preferred embodiment, the screw conveyor can be moved from the transport position to the operating position and vice versa, i.e. the apparatus can be arranged in a position where it takes up as little space as possible for transport and storage.
    The biomass to be treated is typically fed to the equipment by a tractor, wheel loader or other appropriate means through a feed hopper from which the pulp drains by gravity or vibration to the crusher. Below the crusher there is a special separator, i.e. a sieve structure, which further grinds the mass which has passed through the crusher and the mass passing through which continuously passes through the weighing device to the feed hopper of the crushing screw conveyor. The weighing device provides continuous information on the mass transferred to the screw conveyor to the control means, typically the control center, which controls
    20185676 prh 08 -08- 2018 dosing the probiotic solution with appropriate accuracy so that the optimum amount of probiotic solution is continuously transferred from the probiotic solution tank to the screw conveyor via the piping. The control center also controls the dosing of a solid additive, for example biochar, from the tank through the dosing pipe to the mixing screw feed hopper, or alternatively to the crusher, on the basis of the information provided by the weighing device. The pulp impermeable to the sieve is transferred from above the sieve through a separate feeder back to the biomass feed hopper and re-crushed.
    A measuring device comprising a humidity sensor measures the moisture of the crushed mass ίο at the beginning of the screw conveyor and another measuring device comprising a humidity sensor at the end of the screw conveyor. Both data are transmitted to the control center, which on this basis refines the dosing of the probiotic solution and the speed of the screw conveyor.
    The equipment may include a jib crane or other suitable lifting device to fill the tanks of the solid additive and the probiotic solution, regardless of the equipment available at the work site.
    The apparatus further preferably comprises a self-supporting frame structure in which all the equipment required by the process is placed as a production line.
    The frame structure is particularly preferably placed on a movable base. In the working position, safe work is ensured by means of adjustable support legs. The structure is designed so that the equipment can be easily and quickly changed from a compact transport position to a working position of 25 and vice versa.
    The equipment typically operates on power, and so that power supply does not limit the use of the equipment, a separate generator can be built into it that can be used if mains power is not available.
    20185676 prh 08 -08- 2018
    It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that different types of crushing, mixing and transfer equipment can be used depending on the need and situation, and portability can be implemented either as described herein, as a container solution, by placing the equipment on a truck chassis or otherwise.
    If necessary, the solution can of course be implemented permanently installed in the production facilities.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE IMAGES
    Figure 1 schematically shows an apparatus according to an embodiment in its operating position. The apparatus comprises a crusher 100 and a connected biomass feed hopper 101 arranged above it. The biomass is poured into a feed hopper 101 after which it is crushed by a crusher 100. is weighed by a continuous weighing device 104. The measurement readings are provided to the control means 106, here a computer. The sieved biomass is fed by means of a hopper 105 to a crushing screw conveyor 107, which also mixes the biomass. The speed of the screw conveyor 107 is controlled by the motor 108.
    The probiotic solution and biochar are mixed with the crushed biomass according to the instructions of the control means 106. Mixing occurs by feeding the probiotic solution from the probiotic tank 109 through the piping 110 and the biochar from the biochar feed hopper 111 through the piping 112 through the hopper 105 to the screw conveyor. The moisture of the biomass is measured by a humidity sensor 113 with a weighing device 104, and the moisture of the final product is measured by a humidity sensor 114 at the end of the screw conveyor 107. This measurement data is passed to control means 106 which controls the process based on the data. The finished medium comes out of the other end 107a of the screw conveyor 107.
    20185676 prh 08 -08- 2018
    The apparatus is arranged on a movable base 114, and in this embodiment comprises a self-supporting frame structure 115 and adjustable support legs 116. The apparatus further comprises lifting means 117, in this case a swing jib crane. The equipment still has a generator 5 118.
    Figure 2 shows the apparatus according to Figure 1 in its transport position. The figure shows how the screw conveyor 107 has been moved to the transport position inside the frame structure 115, and the lifting means 117 have been lowered. Correspondingly, the adjustable support legs 116 are raised so that the apparatus ίο rests on the wheels 119.
    Figure 3 shows a separator according to an embodiment. The separator has a lower grate 301, which is preferably replaceable in order to adjust the particle size of the biomass passing through the separator. The separator further has an upper grid 302 and upper slid slides 303. The upper grid 302 is arranged at a distance from the lower grid 301, substantially parallel thereto. it is possible to change the directions of the arrow 304 ADDRESSED This distance. Biomass comes to separator 302 above the upper vent grille, and the top rack 302 moves in the lateral direction (the direction of arrow 305 ADDRESSED directions).
    Figure 4 shows a blade profile of a crusher according to an embodiment. The figure shows the cutting blades 401, 402 of the crusher. Several of these blades are arranged in parallel and in succession in a plate-like crushing plane, and these planes are arranged side by side so that the cutting blades of the different levels overlap with respect to each other. There may be one or more crushing levels.
    Figure 5 shows the structure of a screw conveyor according to an embodiment. Threads 502 are provided in the body 501 of the screw conveyor, and blade pieces 503 are connected to these threads to promote cutting and crushing.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    INQUIRIES
    A method for preparing a culture medium, wherein the method
    - feeding biomass and biochar to the crusher (100),
    - a probiotic solution and a mixture obtained from a crusher with a particle size of less than
    5 25 mm, fed to a crushing screw conveyor (107), the screw conveyor having at least one cutting blade with a biochar particle size of 0.01-2.5 mm and 0.057% by volume of biomass of biomass being used; the probiotic solution comprises lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria and at least one ίο yeast and the probiotic solution is used in 0.1-2% by volume of biomass.
    [2]
    The method of claim 1, wherein the crusher (100) and / or the screw conveyor (107) is further fed with at least one support material selected from the group consisting of humus-containing bog water, biochar distillate, moss, soil, gravel, sand,
    15 peat, phosphorus, zinc, nitrogen, iron chelates and manganese.
    [3]
    The method of claim 2, wherein the amount of support is 0.01 to 0.15% by volume of the amount of biomass.
    [4]
    A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the biomass is selected from the group consisting of food waste, animal waste, used
    20 growing media, peat, moss, soil, compost, food industry waste, biogas plant waste, plant waste and mixtures thereof.
    [5]
    The method of claim 4, wherein the plant waste is selected from the group consisting of weeding waste, growth waste, threshing waste, twig waste, raking waste, and mixtures thereof.
    25
    [6]
    A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the particle size of the mixture obtained from the crusher (100) is less than 10 mm.
    20185676 prh 08 -08- 2018
    [7]
    A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the biochar has a particle size of 0.3 to 0.5 mm.
    [8]
    A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the probiotic solution has a concentration of 5-25%, the remainder of the probiotic solution being
    5 water or equivalent.
    [9]
    9. An apparatus for making a culture medium, the apparatus comprising
    - a crusher (100),
    - a biomass hopper (101) connected to the crusher,
    - a biochar hopper (111) connected to the crusher, ίο - a particle size separator (102) arranged after the crusher,
    - a continuous weighing device (104) for weighing the particles coming from the separator,
    - a crusher comprising at least one cutting blade
    15 screw conveyors (107) for mixing the weighed particles,
    - a fluid connection for supplying the probiotic solution to the screw conveyor,
    - at least one humidity sensor (113) with a weighing device or at the beginning of the screw conveyor,
    at least one humidity sensor (114) at the end of the screw conveyor 20, and
    - control means (106) for controlling the equipment on the basis of the measurement data produced by the weighing device and the humidity sensors.
    [10]
    The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising means (103) for dissolving the impermeable material of the separator (102).
    25 to transfer the biomass to the hopper (101).
    [11]
    The apparatus of claim 9 or 10, wherein the control means (106) controls at least one of biomass feed rate, biomass feed rate, biochar feed rate, biochar feed rate, probiotic solution feed rate, probiotic solution feed rate, crusher operating speed, and screw conveyor rotation speed.
    [12]
    The apparatus of any one of claims 9 to 11, further comprising at least one of rings (119), support legs (116),
    5 at least one hopper vibrator, lifting means (117), a generator (118) and means for bagging the final product.
    [13]
    Apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the separator (102) is arranged to transfer particles with a size of less than 25 mm to the weighing device.
    ίο
    [14]
    Apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein the separator (102) is a screen comprising a lower grid (301) spaced apart from the lower grid by a substantially parallel upper grid (302) arranged to move in the transverse direction (305).
    [15]
    The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the lower grid (301) is arranged to be replaceable and the distance is arranged to be adjustable.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    FI128349B|2020-03-31|Method for manufacturing a growing substrate
    Abduli et al.2013|Efficiency of vermicompost on quantitative and qualitative growth of tomato plants
    CN101857492A|2010-10-13|Bio-enzyme fertilizer
    CN105237219A|2016-01-13|Rice organic inorganic seedling-growing matrix and preparation method thereof
    CN107619316A|2018-01-23|The preparation method of dragon fruit plantation half matrix fertilizer
    CN106083299A|2016-11-09|A kind of early rice machine transplanting of rice seedling special light soil-less seedling raising ground substance and production method thereof
    CN107445672A|2017-12-08|A kind of light-weight environment-friendly type rice seedling raising ground substance fertilizer and its production technology
    CN102173887A|2011-09-07|Production method of biological organic fertilizer containing Avermectins
    CN105075674B|2016-04-06|A kind of White mushroom industrialization breeding method
    RU2513558C1|2014-04-20|Method of preparation compost from sewage sludge |
    CN102491849A|2012-06-13|Bio-fertilizer
    RU2664296C1|2018-08-16|Enriched ecological black soil, enriched concentrated soil solution, method and device for producing thereof
    CN104876756B|2017-11-07|One kind plantation ginger organic substrate and preparation method thereof
    Kovshov et al.2017|Growing of grass, radish, onion and marigolds in vermicompost made from pig manure and wheat straw
    KR101215031B1|2012-12-24|Oranic bed soil
    JP2002248454A|2002-09-03|Treating apparatus for organic waste
    KR101503772B1|2015-03-18|the natural fertilizer manufacture equimentusing the humus contained of minerals
    JPWO2020032017A1|2020-08-20|Manufacturing method of artificial soil
    US20130167602A1|2013-07-04|Systems and methods for making food-based compost
    CN104254507A|2014-12-31|Process for preparing activated plant complexes and plant/organic matter complexes that are doped or overdoped, and carbonated, and the applications thereof in particular in methanization or manufacture of biogas
    Farag et al.2015|Utilization of rice straw and vermicompost in vegetable production via soilless culture
    RU2421288C1|2011-06-20|Treatment of effluents sediments
    CN108812113A|2018-11-16|Method of the oyster mushroom bacteria residue for potting media and the application in vegetable growing
    CN104926427B|2017-12-29|It is a kind of using pleurotus eryngii waste material as botanical seedling culturing matrix of raw material and its preparation method and application
    CN104844356B|2017-11-07|Solid matrix for citrus container nursery and preparation method thereof
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3608301A1|2020-02-12|
    US20200047228A1|2020-02-13|
    FI128349B|2020-03-31|
    CA3050942A1|2020-02-08|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    CN112136649A|2020-08-31|2020-12-29|福建惟乐生物科技有限责任公司|Preparation method and equipment of probiotics nutrient soil for potted plants|US10472297B2|2014-10-01|2019-11-12|Cool Planet Energy System, Inc.|Biochars for use in composting|
    US8317891B1|2011-06-06|2012-11-27|Cool Planet Biofuels, Inc.|Method for enhancing soil growth using bio-char|
    US11220467B2|2017-01-11|2022-01-11|Recycle Track Systems, Inc.|Indoor food waste fermentation and recycling process|WO2021050181A1|2019-09-13|2021-03-18|Carlisle Construction Materials, LLC|Auger for grinding polyurethane for a tire filling machine|
    CN111512930A|2020-05-19|2020-08-11|张军红|Ore nutrient soil preparation facilities|
    CN112337946A|2020-10-16|2021-02-09|重庆文理学院|Organic garbage microbiological treatment equipment|
    法律状态:
    2020-03-31| FG| Patent granted|Ref document number: 128349 Country of ref document: FI Kind code of ref document: B |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FI20185676A|FI128349B|2018-08-08|2018-08-08|Method for manufacturing a growing substrate|FI20185676A| FI128349B|2018-08-08|2018-08-08|Method for manufacturing a growing substrate|
    US16/521,717| US20200047228A1|2018-08-08|2019-07-25|Method for manufacturing of a growing medium|
    EP19188232.3A| EP3608301A1|2018-08-08|2019-07-25|Method for manufacturing of a growing medium|
    CA3050942A| CA3050942A1|2018-08-08|2019-08-01|Method for manufacturing of a growing medium|
    [返回顶部]