芬兰专利FI20185068A1 Closed dry toilet system, and method for processing toilet waste

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专利摘要:
A closed dry toilet system is presented which comprises at least one dry toilet unit, at least one enclosed toilet waste conveyor, which is sealed in a sealed manner to at least one dry toilet unit, a compost container with an inlet and a drain, which inlet is connected to at least one toilet waste conveyor, and which compost container is arranged to receive dry toilet waste from said at least one conveyor. Also disclosed is a method for treating toilet waste, in which a closed dry toilet system or a removable transport container is provided, toilet waste collected in a compost bin is composted for a sufficient time to sanitize the compost waste, whereby treated toilet waste is obtained.
公开号:FI20185068A1
申请号:FI20185068
申请日:2018-01-24
公开日:2019-07-25
发明作者:Raini Kiukas；Pirjo Niemelä；Jorma Kuosa
申请人:Digi Toilet Systems Oy；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Closed dry toilet system and method for treating toilet waste
Subject of the application
The present application relates to a closed dry toilet system with a composter. Further, the application relates to a method for treating toilet waste in said dry toilet system.
background
A dry toilet is a toilet where waste, i.e. toilet waste, is not flushed with water but collected in a container, container, heap, pit or similar. Toilet waste can be further treated in different ways: it can be removed and composted, or dried. The dry toilet can be located indoors or outdoors.
Dry toilets often have odor problems caused by toilet waste. In water-operated toilets, the toilet waste is flushed away from the toilet unit, such as the seat or urinal, and the toilet unit is cleaned. In addition, the water in the pipeline prevents odors from entering the toilet. The odor problem is one of the factors limiting the spread of dry toilets.
Dry toilets are generally implemented in a single toilet unit, particularly a toilet seat, and are difficult to combine. Maintaining multiple lavatory units is problematic, especially in public areas, and toilet litter must be collected separately and transported away from lavatory areas. Commonly used dry toilet seats are quite large, which further complicates the construction and management of larger units.
A brief summary
The present application describes a closed toilet system that enables the construction of multiple toilet unit units and efficient management and treatment of the resulting toilet waste.
The application relates to a closed dry toilet system comprising at least one dry toilet unit,
20185068 prh 24-01- 2018
- at least one encapsulated toilet waste conveyor sealed to at least one dry toilet unit,
a composter having an inlet and an outlet, the inlet being sealedly connected to said toilet waste conveyor and configured to receive dry toilet waste from said at least one conveyor, and optionally a final product container which may be sealedly connected to the outlet of the composter.
The application also relates to a movable transport container such as a container 10 comprising said closed dry toilet system.
The application also relates to a method for treating toilet waste, which method
- providing said sealed dry toilet system or removable transport container 15,
- composting the toilet waste accumulated in the composter for a sufficient time to hygienize the toilet waste, and
- optionally transferring the hygienized toilet waste to a container for the final product.
The main embodiments are disclosed in the independent claims. Other embodiments are disclosed in the dependent claims. The embodiments set forth in the claims and the specification may be freely combined unless otherwise noted.
Because the dry toilet system is closed, it allows for accurate control of odor nuisance and toilet waste treatment process. The whole process takes place in a closed system, whereby untreated waste is not discharged into the system, nor is there any external material that could affect the quality of the end product. The system yields composted toilet waste that has been treated in a controlled manner and to the desired treatment level. In practice, the resulting end product is hygienized material free of, for example, live pathogens. Its handling is thus safe and does not cause any odor.
When vacuum is applied to the toilet system, odors cannot be transmitted through the toilet units, but can be routed outside the system by other means.
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It is possible to implement a system of multiple toilets in a space-saving manner, especially at one level. Toilet units do not require separate tanks which take up space and require emptying. When using a suitable toilet waste conveyor, such as a screw conveyor, a vibrating conveyor or a bump conveyor, the toilet waste can be transported in a substantially horizontal plane from the toilet units. In this case, the system does not require additional vertical space, such as the construction of pipelines between the layers. It is possible to build such a system in, for example, a mobile container such as a container or other existing space such as a building or the like. This enables the provision of toilet systems for events or areas where their need arises. Examples of events include public events such as festivals or other outdoor events. The required number of portable dry toilet systems can be provided for such events, for example in containers. Another example of the need for toilet systems is, for example, disaster areas where large numbers of people are forced to stay, for example, in camps or other temporary facilities. Such areas can either be supplied with ready-to-move portable dry toilet systems, or can be rapidly built into, for example, an existing building that was not originally designed as a toilet. Because there is no need to install separate piping in buildings, virtually only a substrate, such as a floor or even a relatively flat ground, is required to implement 20 toilets.
The toilet system can be implemented in such a way that all useful water is recovered from the toilet waste and practically water is left which can be further recycled or even discharged into the ground or drains. For example, composted material, nutrients such as nitrogen, potassium and / or phosphorus, carbon dioxide, water and / or heat may be recovered. The heat generated in the composter can be utilized in other parts of the system, for example to sterilize or evaporate the liquid, to heat the toilets or to generate energy. 30 An efficient toilet system enables efficient waste handling and high hygiene without the use of chemicals such as sterilization or cleaning chemicals. The system can operate continuously.
The operation of the toilet system can be controlled on the basis of information collected by the sensors 35 in the system, in response to the information collected, control operations, manual or automated, can be performed to enable the desired operation of the system and the desired treatment of toilet waste. This allows the desired end product to be obtained regardless of the starting materials. Because accumulating
20185068 prh 24-01-2018 The composition of the toilet waste can vary greatly, for example in terms of its urine and faeces content and other material in the toilet waste, it is advantageous to be able to adjust the operation of the system so that the process is not disrupted and the final product obtained is desired. For example, portable toilet systems delivered to beer festivals accumulate relatively much more urine than faeces compared to systems delivered to another type of public event. Toilet waste can also contain significant amounts of material other than urine or faeces, such as toilet paper, other paper, tampons, sanitary napkins, vomiting, water, drinks, litter, or the like, which can be disposed of by toilet users. Thus, it may be necessary to remove or reduce one or more of these in order to achieve the desired final product composition.
Description of the drawings
Figure 1 shows an exemplary dry toilet system constructed in a mobile container; Figure 1a is a view from above of the dry toilet system and Figure 1b is a side view thereof
Figure 2 shows exemplary toilet seats 2a and 2c seen from the side and 2b viewed from above
Detailed description
The application describes a closed dry toilet system which, according to one example, can be functionally divided into a toilet department and a toilet waste processing department. These may be physically separate spaces, for example in different rooms, in different movable containers or separated by a wall, or they may also be arranged in the same space. In one example, the toilet compartment is in one of 30 movable containers, such as a container, and the processing compartment is in another movable container, such as a container. In another example, both the toilet department and the process department are in the same movable container, such as a container. The dry toilet system may be batch or continuous.
The dry toilet system comprises at least one dry toilet unit. The toilet system may have several dry toilet units, preferably two or more. A dry toilet unit may be any dry toilet unit, such as a toilet seat, squat toilet (squat),
20185068 prh 24-01-2018 urinals / urinals, aperture in plane or similar. Such a toilet unit is arranged to operate without flushing or low water. The toilet system may have one or more toilet seats and one or more urinals in the same spaces as the toilet compartment. For example, each of the 5 toilet units, such as the toilet seat, may be in its own booth, which may be a door, or in a wall-separated space. The booths or other similar spaces may be relatively dense, such as enclosed on all sides by walls and / or doors, and preferably without gaps below or above. This allows air flow from the air intake through the toilet seat 10 at the top of the cabinet, such as the ceiling, to the system. Two or more toilet units may be connected together through their outlets. Preferably, the toilet units do not have containers for toilet waste. Dry toilet units such as anhydrous toilet seats, squats or urinals may comprise a water and / or dirt repellent coating, for example, in areas susceptible to faeces or urine.
Figures 2a and 2b show an exemplary toilet seat. The toilet seat 10 has a seat portion having a collar for receiving the user, a recess 44 open beneath the collar for receiving toilet waste, and an outlet opening 46 through which the toilet waste is discharged or removed from the toilet seat, and is preferably led elsewhere. The outlet 46 may be covered by a flap that can be opened and closed, for example manually or automatically opened and closed. The outlet may be connected to a pipe, guide, conveyor or the like for conveying toilet waste elsewhere. The toilet seat may include a sensor, such as a pressure sensor, an optical sensor, or a switch, which detects the user and / or toilet waste, and based on its sensor status, the system may, for example, turn on the toilet waste conveyor.
The urethra or urinal, which may mean the same thing, has at its upper end an open trough, a recess, or a container arranged to receive urine. This further opens the outlet through which the urine is discharged or discharged, and is preferably channeled elsewhere. The outlet may be connected to a tube, conduit, or the like to direct urine elsewhere. The urinal may have a sensor, for example an optical sensor such as an infrared sensor, responsive to the user and connected to one or more control units, which in turn may be based on this information 35 for example to open or close the urinal outlet and / or urine flow. For example, when the user is near the urinal, the outlet valve opens, and when the user exits, the valve closes to reduce or prevent excess odors
20185068 prh 24-01-2018 for toilet facilities. The urinal may also have an outlet sealing membrane arranged to open from urine pressure. The membrane closes at the end of the flow of urine. The diaphragm is simple and can operate independently and therefore does not require, for example, additional bodies or guidance.
The toilet seat may further include means for separating urine and faeces, such as the structure of the toilet seat or the interior thereof, which is referred to as a separating dry toilet. Such a solution is shown in Figure 2b. Thus, urine and faeces may be delivered to different sites and / or treated separately, preferably in different ways. For example, the separating toilet seat may have a first opening, recess or compartment 48 for receiving urine in the front of the seat 10, and a second opening, recess or compartment 46 for receiving stool at the rear of the seat 10 for the user sitting on the seat. A separate outlet is opened from both compartments or recesses through which the separated urine or faeces 15 is or is discharged and can be diverted or transported, and preferably further processed, for example by separation of one or more agent (s). Said first and second apertures, recesses or compartments may be provided as a separate removable separating tray, both of which can be placed in and removed from the toilet seat, for example, a plastic separating tray. The toilet seat may have a structurally and / or functionally similar sensor and / or valve, or an outlet closing diaphragm as described above in connection with the urinal, and the toilet seat may be arranged to operate in a similar manner with respect to urine.
In one embodiment, the dry toilet system comprises means for separating urine from the stool, such as in a dry toilet unit or toilet waste conveyor, and for piping urine separately. The urine is separated from the solid, such as faeces and / or other solids, and / or can be separated from the processing container and / or compost. Preferably, urine is already separated in the urinal or toilet so that it does not have time to mix with the faeces and form contaminated urine fluid. Urine, either separated at some point or coming from urinals, may be introduced into a container, for example a urine collection container, a treatment container and / or a further treatment. The urine may be further treated, for example, by the recovery of substances such as phosphorus, potassium and / or nitrogen, and / or by precipitation of the above and / or other substances, filtration of insoluble matter, and / or other purification steps to obtain purified urine, of water. Water or aqueous liquid can be used, for example, to rinse or wash the system
20185068 prh 24-01- 2018 during maintenance phase. Although the toilet system is anhydrous, it may from time to time be necessary to drain water or the like into the system to purify it, for example, through toilet units. Such a rinse or maintenance step may be automated to be performed at certain intervals or when needed, preferably when the system is not otherwise in use. The rinse water may eventually end up in a processing tank or compost where it moistens the material to be composted.
The toilet system comprises at least one toilet waste conveyor 14, 14a, 14b, which is sealedly connected to at least one dry toilet unit. The conveyor is enclosed, and preferably the enclosure 42 is sealedly connected to at least one dry toilet unit 10 and, for example, to the housing of another conveyor, whereby the system can be implemented closed. Enclosure means any suitable structural solution that delimits or separates the conveyor into its own space, which can be isolated from the outside. The enclosure may have walls around the conveyor to form a tubular structure having one or both ends, or portions of the enclosure walls, that may be open and connectable to lavatory units, other enclosed conveyors, containers, or composters. An end of the housing which is not connected to anything may be closed, for example, by a wall, thereby ensuring that the housing is tight.
A "closed" system in this context means that at least the connections between the toilet unit (s) and the composter in the toilet system are sealed, especially during operation. The components of the system are thus "sealed" together, such as at least the toilet unit (s), the conveyor (s) or their housing (s) and the composter (s), but also any other system components such as processing tank (s), finished product tank (s), piping (s), housings, system-related connections such as means for adding or removing one or more agents, connections for one or more sensors, and / or other connections. A sealed joint may mean airtight or waterproof, or substantially airtight or waterproof, but complete air or water tightness is not always necessary as the vacuum in the system reduces the migration of odors, for example from joints. However, the system is open at least from time to time through the toilet units, which is necessary for the operation of the system, and for example for suctioning vacuum into the system. The container (s) for the end products, such as the container (s) for the composted product and / or urine, are preferably at least partially and / or intermittently sealed, such as during use. Generally, the system outlet (s) through which toilet waste is treated and / or
20185068 prh 24-01-2018 Urine collected and / or treated may be removed, or containers attached thereto may be opened and / or emptied.
In one embodiment, a plurality of toilet units, particularly seating units, are connected to the same conveyor. One or more toilet units, preferably toilet seats, may be connected to the same conveyor such that a conveying portion such as a screw, spiral, trough, chute, trough, plane, or cavity passes or passes through an outlet of the toilet unit outlets, e.g. the toilet waste enters the conveyor and 10 is transported away from the toilet unit. The conveying portion of the conveyor may be coated with a dirt-repellent coating, or at least a portion thereof may be made of a dirt-repellent material, such as a Teflon coating (polytetrafluoroethylene) or a derivative thereof, abs plastic, or the like. The seat portion may have been modified to fit the conveyor. For example, an opening 41 may be formed in the lower portion of the seat portion on the conveyor 15 14, as shown in Figure 2a. The conveyor 14 is enclosed in a housing 42 which is sealedly connected to the toilet seat 10, more particularly to its outlet 46. The conveyor 14 in the example has a trough 40, for example a belt conveyor, whose edges are arranged ascending. Fig. 2b shows in broken lines the position of the conveyor relative to the seat portion, i.e. the conveyor passes through the toilet seat, and more than one toilet seat may be connected to it on this principle. The toilet waste conveyor may be any suitable conveyor arranged to transport the toilet waste, especially the faeces, to a desired location. The conveyor may be a mechanical conveyor which is connected to the actuator and arranged to be operated by the actuator, for example movable. The conveyor is preferably a horizontal or substantially horizontal conveyor. The conveyor may be mounted horizontally, or at least partially horizontally, or substantially horizontally, for example, in openings made under or to the bottom of the toilet units, such as the bottom. "Partially horizontal" means that at least part of the conveyor is horizontal. The 'substantially horizontal' may comprise a relatively small angle with respect to the horizontal 30, such as 0-3 °, 0-5 °, or 0-10 °, even 0-15 °.
However, a large angle increases the amount of space needed in the vertical direction. For example, the system may have a flat and / or low cabinet under the toilet seat hood, with openings for each seat, such as a 5-20 cm high cabinet. The width of the housing may be greater than its height. For example, the conveyor may be selected from 35 screw conveyors, a vibration conveyor, a belt conveyor and a collision conveyor.
The screw conveyor has a helical screw helix in the body, housing, tube or trough, which may or may not be axial, and which
20185068 prh 24-01- 2018 as it rotates, carries material inside a frame, housing, tube or trough. The screw conveyor is particularly suitable for the transport of solid material and may be provided in a relatively small diameter casing or tube, which may, on the other hand, be very long. Stopping the screw conveyor prevents the 5 lavatory waste contained therein from moving forward or out. The screw conveyor housing, tube or the like may be provided with an opening at each of the fermentation units to receive the toilet waste in the conveyor. One form of a screw conveyor is a spiral conveyor. The spiral conveyor has a spiral in the (outer) tube, whereby the actual screw conveyor is formed by a spring spiral, and the outer tube may be, for example, a plastic tube. The spiral conveyor can also be mounted at least partially on the curve if necessary. Its coil and / or tube may be flexible. The spiral conveyors are lightweight and can be used for spike distances up to 13 meters. Fig. 2c shows a spiral conveyor 14 mounted in a housing 42 in the opening 41 below the toilet seat 10, where the toilet waste falls through the trough 40 15. The toilet seat 10 has a unit 43 for removing urine separated in the seat.
The vibration conveyor receives its transmission force due to vibration asymmetry. Vibration can also be used to arrange movable bodies at a desired position and density. 20 The vibrating conveyor may have a trough, ribbed, trough or planar transport portion on which the toilet waste is transferred from the toilet units and transmitted by the vibration force. The vibrating conveyor enables the conveyor to be implemented in a shallow space, for example, a space arranged under the toilet units. This saves space and allows the toilet system to be implemented at 25 levels and a relatively low level. The vibrating conveyor transfer portion may be perforated to permit screening of the material or separation of the liquid from the solid material. This may be useful, especially if the toilet seats are not separable and urine, or other liquid material entering the toilet, is however desired to be distinguished from other toilet waste. Thereby, a trough, conduit or the like may be provided under the vibrating conveyor for receiving and / or channeling the separated urine elsewhere, for example, to a collection container, a treatment container and / or to further processing.
In the belt conveyor, the annular belt revolves around at least two rollers, 35 of which at least one are Pullable. An actuator for moving the belt, such as a traction motor, may be located within the drive roller. The top of the strap either slides against a smooth surface or has free-rotating support rollers underneath. The strap can be guided along the edges to prevent the toilet waste from drifting away from the strap. The belt conveyor can be vibrated sticky
20185068 prh 24-01-2018 to prevent material from sticking. Lifting conveyors on the conveyor belt may have obstacles at regular intervals to prevent the material from sliding backward.
The bump conveyor has a frame, housing, gutter or tube, just like a screw conveyor, but 5 items are carried by slabs attached to a moving chain.
Said conveyors make it possible to move the toilet waste horizontally or substantially horizontally or in a plane, which enables the toilet system to be implemented on one level and saves space. The substantially 10 "horizontal" may comprise an angle of 1 to 20, 1 to 10 or 1 to 5 degrees to the horizontal.
The actuator using the conveyor can be controlled so that the conveyor starts only when needed and moves only as required. The signal to start the conveyor can be obtained from a sensor on the seat or other sensor in the toilet cabinet, for example an optical sensor such as an infrared sensor 15 or a door switch such as a lock switch or sensor arranged to detect a door lock. The flow of toilet waste in the system can also be controlled and adjusted for other reasons, for example, if a certain amount of toilet waste is to be forwarded to a particular stage at a given time. This may be accomplished by one or more control units adapted to control the system and connected to the toilet system and one or more sensors detecting the state of the system, and one or more actuators connected thereto, for example a conveyor actuator (s). is organized to guide.
There may be one, two or more conveyors for toilet waste. If there are two or more conveyors connected to the toilet units, the toilet waste they carry may be combined, for example by means of an additional conveyor, which may be of the same or different type as the conveyor units collected from the toilet units, which may be called first stage conveyors. For example, an additional conveyor 30, which may be referred to as a second stage conveyor, may be arranged perpendicular to two or more conveyors at their ends, whereby the second stage collects and connects the litter waste carried by the first stage conveyors and conveys it to the next stage. The second stage conveyor can also operate horizontally. The next step may be a compost or a pre-treatment step 35, which may include a separate container, such as a processing container. At this stage, the system may further comprise a separate third stage conveyor, such as a horizontal conveyor, which conveys the toilet waste from the second stage conveyor to the pre-treatment tank or
20185068 prh 24-01-2018 compostoriin. A third-stage conveyor may be necessary, for example, to implement the system in confined spaces, such as a container, whereby the subsequent steps may be behind a wall separate from the toilet itself, in practice in the toilet waste processing department. The third stage conveyor may be the same or different from the first and / or second stage conveyor. It can operate horizontally, substantially horizontally, or even partially vertically, depending on the system design and needs. Further, there may be a need for a fourth-stage conveyor that can operate at least partially in a vertical direction, such as a tilt conveyor. This may be necessary in confined spaces, such as a container where one or more of the next stage tank or equipment is mounted on a higher level, for example a pre-treatment tank or a composter. The fourth stage conveyor may be the same or different from the previous stage conveyor. For example, it can raise toilet waste to a height of 1 to 3 m, such as 1.5 to 2.0 m, for example at an angle of about 45 degrees.
The system may further comprise a fifth stage conveyor, which may operate horizontally and is arranged to transfer toilet waste from the fourth stage conveyor to a processing stage container or compostor. The container or compost can then have an opening at its upper end, i.e. a container inlet, which is arranged to receive the toilet waste from the conveyor, for example through a funnel.
In this case, the receiving container may operate under gravity and may not require separate conveyors. Alternatively, a conveyor, such as a third, fourth, or fifth stage conveyor, may be arranged to deliver the toilet waste to an opening on the side of the receptacle receiving the container.
Generally, any second stage or subsequent stage conveyor in the system may operate horizontally, obliquely or vertically as required, or may be mounted in that direction or substantially in that direction. Any of the conveyors may be arranged to separate the liquid in the toilet waste, for example, through one or more holes in the bottom (s) of the conveyor, or through a routed portion as described above for a vibrating conveyor. The separated liquid may be recovered by a collector, conduit or piping arranged to receive it, and conducted elsewhere, for example, to a container or to further treatment as described herein. In particular, the conveyors between the toilet units and the composter are enclosed.
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The conveyor or conveyors are generally arranged to transport the toilet waste in the direction of material handling from the origin or points to the destination, such as one or more waste receiving units, such as the toilet unit, for waste treatment and to the output of the treated waste from system 5. A conveyor may not be required at all stages, as the waste can proceed from one stage to another by means of gravity or another mechanism, particularly during and after the waste treatment. The starting point or points and the end point are usually located in different places, such as different spaces. Preferably, the material does not travel against the treatment direction at any stage.
The toilet system comprises a compost house having an inlet and an outlet, the inlet being sealedly connected to at least one of the toilet waste conveyors, which may be any one of 1-5. a step conveyor, and each composter is arranged to receive dry toilet waste from said at least one conveyor. Other components of the system, such as a processing container, may also be present between the conveyor and the compost. The composted material is arranged to exit or be removed from the compost outlet.
The composter comprises at least one container which may be thermally insulated. The composter may have one or more mixers for mixing the material to be composted. The composter may include one or more sensors, such as an electrical sensor, for detecting compost temperature, humidity, pH, amount of material to be composted, gases or other substances. The sensors may be connected to one or more control units or other data acquisition unit, wired or wirelessly. The composter may include means for transferring material to be composted to, from, and / or from the composter, such as one or more mechanical actuator-associated members, such as blades, screws, or similar conveyor solutions. These may be functionally connected to one or more control units. For example, the composter may include means for removing fluid, solid, and / or gas, such as an orifice, valve, or the like, operably coupled to one or more control units, wherein the orifice, valve, or the like is system controllable; / or degassing or exiting the composter by opening and closing 35 devices. The discharge of liquid, solid and / or gas may also be effected by one or more mixers in the composter or by one or more means for transferring material to the composter,
20185068 prh 24-01-2018 and / or composters which may, for example, compress and / or mix material and facilitate separation of liquid, solid and / or gas.
The composter may include means for treating the compost, such as one or more mixers, means for adding one or more substances, such as a liquid, for example a chemical, a dry substance such as a desiccant and / or an accelerator, and / or means for controlling the temperature. One or more of said agents may be added to the composter to control composting, for example in response to one or more of the values measured from the system.
In one embodiment, the dry toilet system comprises, before the composter, a processing vessel, which may be heat-vented, having an inlet and outlet, sealed with the composter, and having means for pretreating the toilet waste, such as one or more mixers, means for adding a chemical, a desiccant and / or an accelerator, means for removing liquid, solid and / or gas, and / or means for controlling the temperature. The processing container may also be referred to as a preprocessing container and the step of preprocessing therein. The inlet of the processing tank is sealedly connected to the 20 conveyors of the previous step, which may be one of the aforementioned 1-5. phase conveyor.
The composter inlet is then sealed to at least one toilet waste conveyor via a processing container. The processing container may also include one or more sensors, such as an electrical sensor, for detecting the temperature, humidity, pH, amount of material, gases or other substances in the toilet waste or material to be composted. These sensors may also be connected to one or more control units. The processing container may include means for transferring toilet waste or compostable material to, from, and / or from the container, such as one or more mechanical actuator-associated members such as blades, screws, or similar conveyor solutions. These may also be operatively connected to one or more control units. The processing tank may be above the composter without a separate conveyor between them. Alternatively, there may be a separate conveyor or other means or mechanism for transferring material, for example if they are adjacent.
The processing container may be arranged to handle the toilet waste in the desired form, for example, the desired moisture content, temperature, composition, or pH. For example, the processing tank may include means for removing fluid, such as
20185068 prh 24-01-2018 an aperture, valve, or the like which may be operatively connected to one or more control units, wherein the aperture, valve, or the like is controllable by the system, wherein the system can control removal or removal of fluid from the processing tank by opening and closing the device. Liquid separation and / or discharge may be effected by one or more mixers or one or more means within the container for transferring the material to be composted into, within, and / or from the container, which may, for example, squeeze and / or mix the material and facilitate fluid separation. Dewatering may be necessary if the toilet waste contains an unusually large amount of liquid, for example urine, or if any other liquid, such as water, has come into contact with it.
The toilet waste may also be mixed and / or incubated with the desired additives prior to actual composting, such as compost excitation or accelerator, desiccant, or other material. Additives can also be added or alternatively to the composter.
The means for adding one or more substances, for example to a process tank or composter, may comprise an opening, a valve or the like, e.g. a process tank or a composter, wherein the opening, valve or the like is controllable by the system. The means may also comprise a reservoir for additive material from which the system may dispense the agent. The container may be, for example, above a process tank or a composter, whereby the substance may flow through an open orifice, valve, or the like by gravity. The means may also include a substance conveyor, such as a screw, blade or the like, which is system-controllable and allows the desired amount of substance to be added, particularly in the case of a solid.
The container for the substance to be added may have a lid or the like for sealing the container from the outside, in particular a sealed lid. The additive reservoir may also be separate from the process reservoir or the composter, for example in a more accessible location for maintenance, and may be connected to the opening, valve, or the like by a pipe or conveyor.
The means for adding fluid to the system may comprise a tube or other valve, which may be manually or electrically actuated, for controlling a fluid from a reservoir or other source of fluid. The electronically available valve may comprise an actuator for controlling the opening and closing of the valve and which is connected to one or more control units. Liquid dosing may be automated so as to respond to one or more systems
20185068 prh 24-01-2018, the control unit is arranged to dispense a predetermined or calculated amount of the desired liquid into a system, for example a processing tank or compost.
The means for introducing dry matter in the system may comprise an opening and closing valve, a flap or the like arranged to provide a dry substance from the container to the object, for example from a solid material container above the object, such as a processing tank or compost. to provide dry matter from 10 containers to the destination. The means for adding dry matter may comprise an actuator for controlling the opening and closing of the valve, flap or the like, or conveyor operation, which is connected to one or more control units. The solids dosing may be automated such that in response to one or more of the values measured from the system, the control unit is arranged to dispense a predetermined or calculated amount of the desired solids into the system, for example, a processing tank or a composter.
In one embodiment, the dry toilet system comprises means for recovering heat and / or one or more materials from the composter and / or processing vessel. The substances to be recovered may be, for example, one or more liquids, solids and / or gases, such as water, one or more nutrients, one or more organic or inorganic substances, carbon dioxide, or microbes. For example, organic or inorganic compounds or fibers can be recovered to yield material which can be used, for example, as a fertilizer. Generally, liquids can be recovered and submitted for further processing.
The system may comprise one or more associated with or opening one of the toilet units, conveyor, processing container, compostor, piping and / or other applicable system location, for example, one for adding or removing agents, one for sensor, one for actuator and / or one tube, or the like.
The toilet system may further comprise a container for the final product, which may be sealed to the outlet of the composter. The container of the final product may also include sensors similar to the composter, for example one or more sensors for detecting temperature, humidity, pH, amount of composted material, gases or other substances in the composted material. These sensors may also be connected to one or more control units. The finished product in the container can
20185068 prh 24-01-2018 be means for transferring composted material to, from, and / or from the container, such as one or more mechanical actuator-associated members such as blades, screws, or similar conveyor solutions. These may also be connected to one or more control units.
There may be another conveyor between the composter and the end product container, which may be, for example, a sixth stage conveyor and is arranged to transport the composted material from the compost to the end product container. This conveyor may also be the same or different from a conveyor of an earlier stage. Preferably, all the conveyors in the system are enclosed and the enclosures are sealed to each other or to said containers to keep the system closed.
The toilet system may comprise an outlet, such as a tube, which may be connected to a bag or a similar collector 15 to collect the final product, rather than a container. Similarly, the outlet may be emptied into another container, such as a pallet or the like. The outlet may have a flap or other shutter that opens only when needed, such as when the final product is removed from the system. The end product collector may be secured to the end of the outlet, such as a sack to the end of the tube.
The connections between the parts of the toilet system, in particular those related to the transfer of toilet waste or the transfer of material to be composted or composted, are sealed, for example substantially airtight and / or gas tight, to reduce odor nuisance, waste transfer outside the system.
For sealing, for example, elastic seals such as rubber or silicone sealants, sealant, sealing tape or the like may be used. The system components are preferably shaped to fit as closely as possible. In one example, the system components are not removable, particularly during use.
In one embodiment of the system, the dry toilet system comprises means for applying vacuum to the system, such as a vacuum pump. In one embodiment of the method, a vacuum is applied to the system. The vacuum may be arranged to be formed at least at the beginning or at the beginning of the system, thereby preventing odors from escaping from the toilet units to the toilet side itself. The vacuum may be arranged to be formed, for example, in or from the composter, or in the direction of travel of the material after the composter, e.g.
20185068 prh 24-01-2018 at least from toilet units to the composter, whereby the vacuum draws air through the compost / composter and provides active aeration of the compost. The air intake into the system is preferably via toilet units, such as toilet seats, and if the toilet units are in separate booths, each booth, for example in the ceiling, may have a separate air intake providing replacement air. This means that the toilets do not have to reach the ceiling of the toilet. The ceiling of the toilet cabinet can be connected to the supply air pipe, for example from the ceiling of the toilet room, whereby the air comes directly from the outside. This helps to reduce local odor nuisance. The vacuum or its source may be provided at a particular location in the system 10 by providing a vacuum pump, or more specifically, its suction port at that location, e.g., after the compost has been discharged. The vacuum pump may be arranged to pump the sucked air outside the toilet system through the outlet of the vacuum system, for example on the roof of a toilet system in a building or in a portable tank or other location where it causes minimal odor nuisance. Alternatively, instead of a vacuum pump, a fan / suction device may be used which is arranged to provide air flow in the system in the desired direction, such as the direction of flow of the material.
Generally, aeration of the compost can be provided actively or passively.
In passive aeration, the flow of air is not enhanced, whereas in active aeration it is enhanced, for example by suction, for example by forming a vacuum, or by blowing air through a compost, for example, as described above. Active aeration can be divided into negative and positive aeration. In negative aeration, air is drawn through the compost, usually from the surface 25 through the compost, using negative pressure or vacuum. In positive aeration, air is blown through the compost. In principle, both can be used in the present system, depending on whether a vacuum generating device or a fan is used.
The toilet system may include one or more sensors at one or more locations in the system configured to detect one or more of the following: user presence, surface level, temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, oxygen content, pH, air flow rate, fluid flow rate, material flow rate, material flow rate. amount, for example, in a container, the concentration of a substance such as ammonia or urea, the state of the actuator or actuator coupled thereto, such as rotational speed, and the like, wired or wirelessly connected to one or more devices arranged receive the detected information. Sensor
20185068 prh 24-01-2018 may also include an optical sensor or a camera for monitoring system operation at one or more of the system locations described herein. This device or one or more other devices are arranged to process information and control the toilet system on the basis of information to achieve or maintain the desired function of the system, e.g., optimum composting capacity, desired temperature, desired end product composition, desired treatment time or the like. These devices may be called one or more control units. The control unit may have one or more units, such as separate devices, and is arranged to process information in a predetermined manner, such as programmed. The control unit may include one or more processors, memory, user interface, display, keyboard or touch screen, power interface, one or more physical connectors and / or wireless communication devices for connection to sensors and / or other external devices such as a wired or wireless network interface. The control unit may comprise one or more computers and / or an embedded system. The control unit may include software arranged to perform one or more control operations, such as controlling and operating one or more devices connected to the control unit. The actuators connected to the system may be operatively connected to one or more control units, which means that the control unit 20 may actuate the actuators. The control unit may be coupled to one or more actuators or other devices that function to affect the state and / or function of the system, such as pumps, fans, valves, flaps, mixers, conveyors, heaters, coolers and the like described herein. The actuator may comprise, for example, one or more electric motors, such as rotary or linear electric motors, servomotors, solenoids, hydraulic or pneumatic motors or cylinders, or combinations thereof. Preferably, the actuator is electrical and / or electrically controllable. The actuator coupled to the actuator may cause mechanical movement, for example by operating a valve or mixing, or by heating, for example. The actuator 30 can influence the process variable such as temperature or flow of liquid, gas, electricity, or other.
By controlling the operation of these devices, it is possible to achieve or maintain the desired function of the system, for example, by means of the procedures described herein. The desired action may be to achieve and / or maintain a predetermined value, for example, to maintain a certain quantity within reference limits, such as temperature, humidity percentage, pH, solids content, specific material concentration, or the like.
20185068 prh 24-01- 2018
The control unit with its sensors and devices connected thereto forms a control system which can be implemented in the physical spaces of the toilet system, for example in a mobile container. The control system includes the necessary 5 wiring between different devices and / or wireless network devices to establish connections between the devices, as well as any other switches, control devices, actuators, connectors, adapters, converters and the like that the system needs to function. In general, any toilet system device whose operation can be controlled or monitored may be coupled to and configured to be controlled and / or monitored by the control system.
The control system can be remotely connected to an external system or user, for example wirelessly, allowing remote monitoring of system activity, accessing information such as activity reports, and possibly affecting system performance. The collected information can be made a written document 15, for example for the authorities. Primarily, however, the system is designed to operate as autonomously and automatically as possible, so that it does not necessarily require external intervention.
Also disclosed herein is a removable transport container comprising any of the closed dry toilet systems described herein. The transportable container may be any suitable freight container which may be transferred by or between the means of transport without the goods having to be reloaded. It may be a container such as a container used for road, rail, air or sea transport. The transport container, container, may be made of metal, for example steel or aluminum, or composite material, plastic, wood or other suitable material.
The most common container type is an ISO container defined and classified by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). It is the most widely used and cheap transport unit worldwide due to mass production.
The toilet system shown here is particularly well suited for container construction. Because there is no need for separate drainage or other vertically bulky piping, the toilet system can be built on one level and fitted in a container. Containers can be made available and transported to the destination in the desired amount to cover the required toilet capacity. Once the container is in place, the toilet 35 is ready for use without any construction work or the like.
Drainage is not required as the system delivers hygienized toilet waste and substantially pure water. The capacity of the dry toilet system fitted to the container is high. The container can be connected if necessary
20185068 prh 24-01-2018 to an external power source to provide power to system devices and lighting, for example, but may also be designed to be self-sufficient in electricity, for example, it may include a battery system that may be precharged and / or charged with solar, wind, and / or 5 using thermal energy from the system. In this case, the system may have one or more solar panels, a wind turbine or a heat generator or the like, respectively.
Described herein is a method for treating toilet waste, wherein method 10 provides a closed dry toilet system or removable shipping container described herein,
- composting the toilet waste accumulated in the composter for a sufficient period of time to hygienize the toilet waste to obtain treated toilet waste.
The method for treating toilet waste results in treated toilet waste that is hygienized. The treated toilet waste meets the standards EC 1069/2009 and 142/2011. In one embodiment, the hygienized toilet waste is transferred to a container for the final product. The process may be carried out in a batch process or continuously. More preferably, the method is continuous. This reduces or eliminates the need to perform maintenance, emptying, or other operations on the system during operation that could impair hygiene, system operation, and / or cause downtime. However, it is necessary to periodically carry out these operations. For example, compostoh may require about a 24-hour feeding break once a week, complete with hygiene.
The dry toilet system or the transport container containing it is provided at a desired location as described herein. The system is constructed, for example, in a suitable space within the building, or separately, such as walls, ceilings and / or floors. Alternatively, one or more transport containers are brought into position 30 and placed in a suitable location, for example on a flat ground or other suitable support. If the system needs external power, connect it to one. If necessary, the system control electronics are switched on and the system is ready for use. The users of the toilet system produce toilet waste, which the system passes through a possible pre-treatment to 35 composters for composting.
For example, toilet waste is composted in compost at temperatures above 40 ° C. In one embodiment, more than 50 toilet compost is composted
20185068 prh 24-01- 2018 ° C, or above 55 ° C. In a particular embodiment, the toilet waste is composted in a composter at a temperature above 60 ° C, even above 62 ° C or above 65 ° C, thereby ensuring in particular the elimination of pathogenic microbes. In many cases, even lower temperatures, such as those above 5 ° C or above 55 ° C, will suffice. Most common pathogens die relatively quickly at temperatures of 50-60 ° C, even in minutes or hours. If high temperatures are desired, it may be necessary to ensure that the composting process itself operates at that temperature. Many conventional composting microbes can be inactivated at high temperatures, such as mesophilic microbes commonly operating in compost, and it may be necessary to add one or more different thermophilic microbes to the system. By thermophilic microbe is meant a microbial that is viable and / or retains at least a portion of its activity, such as composting activity, at a desired temperature, for example at temperatures of 40-70 ° C. The thermophilic microbes can be supplied as a special compost accelerator which may also contain other ingredients. Tests generally found the compost to have an internal temperature of between 40-55 ° C and hygiene above 70 ° C for two hours.
In one embodiment of the method, one or more substances, such as liquid, for example water or urine, or solids, such as desiccant, and / or compost initiator or accelerator, are added to the toilet waste, for example, in a processing tank or compostor. In one embodiment of the method, a thermophilic accelerator is added to the toilet waste, for example to a processing tank or a composter. The addition can be accomplished automated, whereby the control unit controls the actuator which causes the accelerator to be added to a desired location in the system, such as a processing tank, one or more of said conveyors, or a valve connected to the composter, e.g.
A number of factors influence the achievement of the desired temperature, for example the microbial strain used, the composition of the material to be composted, the moisture of the compost and the like. Generally speaking, an efficient composting process itself produces the required temperature. The temperature of the compost can generally be in the range of about 30-70 ° C 35 or about 40-70 ° C. However, in order to enhance composting and provide effective hygiene of the final product, it may be desirable to maintain the compost temperature in the range of 50-70 ° C, 55-70 ° C, 60-70 ° C, 62-70 ° C or 65-70 ° C. One or the other
20185068 prh 24-01-2018 several of the measures mentioned herein can be used to keep the compost temperature within the above range.
The time required for hygienisation may depend on the conditions, starting materials, substances to be added and other variables. For example, 2 to 34 hours may be sufficient when a thermophilic microbial strain is used.
For the compost to work well, it must contain the right proportions of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and water. Composting is effective when the carbon: nitrogen ratio is in the range of 10: 110 to 20: 1. The material to be composted contains toilet waste, but since the composting process requires aerobic conditions, it may also be necessary to add a desiccant or the like to ensure that air is circulated throughout the material to be composted, especially if the material is high in moisture. Vacuum sucked into the system provides active aeration, which helps maintain aerobic conditions, and can also be controlled to achieve and / or maintain a desired level of aeration to control the composting process. Mechanical conditioning in the compost can also be used for air conditioning or as an aid, for example rotating blades. Anaerobic conditions should be avoided as under anaerobic conditions, digestion reactions are the predominant reaction. These, in turn, cause odors and, for example, methane emissions.
It is not usually necessary to add water to the compost as the decomposition process releases water and heat from the material to be composted. Most of the water is released in the form of steam and oxygen is rapidly used in the process. However, the amount of water vapor released from biomass 25 is high, and there may be a need to control and adjust the process. The water to air ratio plays an important role in the temperature of the compost, so you may need to optimize these variables if you want to maintain a high temperature. Sometimes it may be necessary to adjust the humidity of the compost by adding a liquid such as condensation or other water. In particular, hygienisation 30 may require sufficient humidity to start. It is also possible to introduce at least a portion of the urine and / or other liquid that accumulates in the lavatory system into the compost so that it can also be composted, or affect the properties and performance of the compost and the composting process. Addition of liquid can also influence the temperature, for example, increase or decrease depending on the temperature of the liquid. For example, lowering the temperature of a compost with a liquid may be a better option than with air, since the liquid does not contain free oxygen, which would accelerate the composting process and further increase
20185068 prh 24-01- 2018 temperature. The humidity of the compost or pre-processing can also be affected by the addition of a dry substance such as a desiccant.
The temperature of the compost can also be controlled by means of air, for example directly by the temperature of the air, whereby by blowing or sucking in or through the compost, warm or cold air can be heated or cooled accordingly. Airflow can also be used to indirectly control the temperature, since higher airflow increases composting and increases heat, and correspondingly reducing airflow can slow down the process and lower the temperature. The air flow can be controlled by adjusting the vacuum pump or other air pump or fan in the system. These devices may be coupled to one or more control units, wherein in response to one or more of the values measured from the system, the control unit is configured to adjust the operation of the air flow device, for example, to turn it on or off, and thereby affect the air flow rate. The composter may also have one or more heaters or coolers that may be used to control the temperature, respectively, and which may be coupled to one or more control units, wherein the control unit is configured to adjust the heater or cooler to achieve the desired temperature in the compost.
Similar arrangements may also be applied to the processing tank.
The fluid to be added may be water, urine, or conveyor washer fluid, or the like aqueous liquid. The dry matter may comprise a plant-based material such as wood-based material. The dry matter may be provided, for example, in the form of pellets, chips, bark or the like. Of these, the necessary amount may be added to obtain the desired ratio between the material to be composted and the bedding material. The dry matter may also be added to adjust the moisture content of the compost, whereby it is added to achieve the desired moisture content or dry matter content. The dry matter can also reduce odor nuisance, bind nitrogen and / or phosphorus, and can accelerate compost, so it can also be added to provide these properties.
In one embodiment of the method, the separated urine is treated to separate the substances present therein, for example dissolved or suspended, in water. The separated substances may be recovered and / or recycled, for example, to the end product container. The urine may be treated, for example, by precipitating at least some of the solutes, for example by adding one or more
20185068 prh 24-01-2018 by precipitating or adjusting the temperature. Substances in the urine, such as precipitated and / or suspended, can be separated, for example, by filtration. Urine can also be circulated through a cooling or heating system. Such a system may be a separate device which may be electrically operated.
Urine can also be heated by passing it through the compost, for example through one or more tubes in the compost, so that the relatively high temperature of the compost is sufficient to heat the urine. Other liquids can also be heated in the same principle, for example water, such as toilet wash water. In one example, the composter thus comprises one or more heat-conducting tubes and / or heat exchangers 10 connected to the piping through which the external fluid is arranged to pass. This eliminates the need for separate heaters for heating liquids, and saves energy. The liquid can be recycled through the same principle through compost and used to heat the toilets.
The fluid circuits required in the system may be provided by one or more pumps, such as a circulating pump, which may be electrically driven. One or more pumps may be connected to one or more control units arranged to control the pumps, for example in response to one or more of the values measured and / or pre-programmed by the system.
In one embodiment of the process, heat and / or one or more substances such as one or more organic or inorganic compounds are recovered from the composter. The heat may be recovered from the composter as described above, or may be recovered from another location in the system, such as a processing tank or air flowing through the system. The heat can be recovered by a heat exchanger and transferred to a liquid, or it can be recovered as warm or heated air. For example, the resulting fluid may be used to heat a part of the system or air. The heat may be used to heat the restrooms, for example by blowing heated air, or by circulating heated water through one or more heat exchangers, such as a radiator.
The substances to be recovered may be, for example, organic or inorganic compounds containing phosphorus, nitrogen and / or potassium, such as various compounds of nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium.
In one embodiment of the method
20185068 prh 24-01- 2018
- detecting one or more properties of the system, such as temperature, pH, carbon dioxide and / or humidity, at one or more locations in the system, and
in response to the observed properties, at least one of the points in the system is subject to measures that affect the system temperature, pH, temperature and / or humidity of the material to be composted, flow rate of toilet waste in the system, and / or liquid or dry matter dosing. The action may affect the observed property and / or other property.
eXAMPLES
In one example (Figs. 1a and 1b), a closed dry toilet system is implemented in a BM30 container 30 having an outside dimensions of 9.120 m x 2.435 m x 2.591 m. The container is divided into a toilet compartment 3) and a toilet waste processing compartment 34, 15 separated by a wall. The toilet compartment is further divided into two sections, men's 35 and women's 36, which are separated by a wall.
The women's compartment has five dry toilet seats 10 and the men's unit has three dry toilet seats 10 and three urinals 12. The toilet seats are each in their own door cabinet with a roof air intake 20 connected by pipes to the center roof roof air intake and the urinals separated. Each compartment has a washbasin 11, 13 in which water can be brought from a water tank on the roof. The dry toilet seats are provided on top of the first two stage conveyors 14a, 14b, which are arranged to be actuated when the dry toilet seat 25 associated with them is used. The conveyors 14a and 14b are spiral conveyors 9 and 2 meters in length by 125 mm in diameter and are enclosed in 200 x 200 mm II shells sealed in seats 10 as schematically shown in Figure 2c. The toilet waste from the first stage conveyors 14a, 14b is transported 3 meters to the second stage conveyor 15, which is perpendicular to the first stage conveyor. From the second stage conveyor 15, the waste is transferred behind the wall to the toilet waste processing section 34.
The processing compartment has a floor-mounted Green Good Quick Compost 20, a finished product container 22, and a preprocessing container 18 on top of the composter. The waste is transferred to the preprocessing container by a 3.5-in, 35-foot conveyor 16, horizontal (about 1.5 meters).
20185068 prh 24-01- 2018
The waste is transferred to the preprocessing container 18 through an opening above it and a funnel. From the preprocessing tank 18, the waste is transferred by gravity to the composter 20 below. The final composted toilet waste from the composter 20 is transported to a storage vessel 22, 5 which is adjacent to and can be emptied through the opening rear wall 36, 38 of container 30.
The manhole compartment 35 urinal 12 and the female toilet compartment 36 hand wash basin outlet 13 are connected to a conduit 23, and the men's 10 wash basin outlet 11 respectively into a second conduit 25. The conduits pass to the processing compartment 34 where they connect to the urine collection vessel 24.
Process run-in
Initial analyzes and test runs were conducted to adjust the system to suit each type of waste.
composting process
The actual composting took place in the automated Green Good quick compost. The composting conditions have been optimized, allowing a natural composting process to take place within about 24 hours. Finally, the mass was hygienized according to EU standard EC 1069/2009. The composting included microbes isolated from the soil, whose disintegration properties were maximized by suitable temperature and mechanical aeration, carried out on rotating blades. The progress of the composting process could be followed by measuring devices installed in the composter. temperature, pH, carbon dioxide and / or moisture content. The measured variables were used to know how the process was progressing and whether, for example, it had reached a sufficient temperature and time for hygienization.
The emptying of the composter is automated. The composting blades, or alternatively a screw, push the resulting hygienized mass from the drain hatch into the container of the end product or, alternatively, directly into the large bags or pallet. At no point in the process can the mass flow in the wrong direction, since the transport mechanism operates in only one direction and physically the start and end points of the process are in different states.

权利要求:
Claims (11)
[1]
An enclosed dry toilet system comprising:
- at least one dry toilet unit (10),
At least one encapsulated toilet waste conveyor (14, 14a, 14b), which is sealed to at least one dry toilet unit (10),
a composter (20) having an inlet and an outlet, the inlet being sealedly connected to at least one toilet waste conveyor (14, 14a, 14b, 15, 16, 17) and configured to receive dry toilet waste from said at least one conveyor, and
optionally, a container (22) for the final product, which may be sealedly connected to the outlet of the composter (20).
[2]
A dry toilet system according to claim 1, characterized in that
The 15 lavatory waste conveyor (14, 14a, 14b, 15, 16, 17) is mounted horizontally or substantially horizontally, and is preferably selected from a screw conveyor such as a spiral conveyor, a vibration conveyor, a belt conveyor and a collision conveyor.
[3]
A dry toilet system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
20 comprising a processing container (18) with an inlet and an outlet, the outlet being sealedly connected to the composter (20) and having means for pretreatment of toilet waste, such as one or more mixers, means for one or more substances such as liquid and / or a dry substance, and / or means for controlling the temperature.
[4]
A dry toilet system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means for applying a vacuum to the system, such as a vacuum pump.
30
[5]
A dry toilet system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means (48) for separating urine from the stool, such as in a dry toilet unit or toilet waste conveyor, and for piping urine separately, such as a container, e.g.
[6]
A dry toilet system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means for recovering heat and / or one or more substances from the compost, which may be one or more liquids, solid
20185068 prh 24-01-2018 substance and / or gas, for example water, one or more nutrients, one or more organic substances, or microbes.
[7]
A movable transport container (30), such as a container, comprising a closed dry toilet system according to any one of the preceding claims.
[8]
A method for treating toilet waste, comprising: providing a sealed dry toilet system or a movable transport container of claim 7,
[9]
10 - composting the toilet waste accumulated in the composter, preferably at a temperature above 40 ° C, such as above 50 ° C, or above 55 ° C or above 60 ° C, sufficient time to hygienize the toilet waste to obtain treated toilet waste,
and optionally transferring the hygienized toilet waste to a container for the final product.
Method according to claim 8, characterized in that a negative pressure is applied to the system.
Method according to one of claims 8 to 9, characterized in that one or more substances, such as liquid or dry matter, are added to the toilet waste.
20 substances, such as desiccant and / or accelerator, such as a thermophilic accelerator, for example a processing tank or a composter.
[10]
Method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the separated urine is treated to separate the substances contained therein.
[11]
Process according to one of Claims 8 to 11, characterized in that heat and / or one or more organic or inorganic compounds are recovered from the composter.
A method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that
- detecting one or more properties of the system, such as temperature, pH, carbon dioxide and / or humidity, at one or more locations in the system, and
in response to the observed properties, at least one of the 35 points of the system is subjected to measures that affect the system temperature, pH, temperature and / or humidity of the material to be composted, flow rate of toilet waste in the system, and / or liquid or dry matter dosing.

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同族专利:

公开号 | 公开日

WO2019145608A1|2019-08-01|

EP3742949A4|2021-10-20|

FI128612B|2020-08-31|

EP3742949A1|2020-12-02|

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WO2015106367A1|2014-01-17|2015-07-23|北京旭日清风科技有限公司|Flushless toilet and in situ feces treatment method|CN111395479A|2020-03-24|2020-07-10|农业农村部规划设计研究院|Movable type anti-freezing deodorization water-saving composting integrated ecological toilet|

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优先权:

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FI20185068A|FI128612B|2018-01-24|2018-01-24|Closed dry toilet system, and method for processing toilet waste|FI20185068A| FI128612B|2018-01-24|2018-01-24|Closed dry toilet system, and method for processing toilet waste|

EP19743135.6A| EP3742949A4|2018-01-24|2019-01-24|Closed dry toilet system, and method for processing toilet waste|

PCT/FI2019/050055| WO2019145608A1|2018-01-24|2019-01-24|Closed dry toilet system, and method for processing toilet waste|

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