• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a device for separating materials with different degrees of flowability, comprising: a rotationally driven hollow drum (10) having a perforated casing surface (11), wiper means (18) for wiping away the pressed material on the hollow drum (10), a continuous press belt (14) which can be pressed from the outside onto the hollow drum (10) by wrapping around a part of the circumference of the hollow drum (10), and which forms a nip point (36) together with the hollow drum (10) for the pressed material, wherein the press belt (14) is mounted by means of at least one drive roller (16) and at least one bearing roller (17), and at least the drive roller (16) is designed such that it can be pressed in a controllably variable manner in a pressing position against the hollow drum (10), separated by the press belt (14), wherein the position of the drive roller (16) relative to the hollow drum (10) is adjustably set by means of a first positioning device (21) via a control device (22); and a first end stop element (23) designed for mechanical position limitation, with which at least one part (24) of the first positioning device (21) comes into blocking contact with a first counter support (31) of the first end stop element (23) in the pressing position of the drive roller (16), and wherein the first counter support (25) of the first end stop element (23) is designed such that its position can be adjusted by means of the control device (22). The invention also relates to a corresponding method.
    公开号:ES2880471A2
    申请号:ES202190032
    申请日:2019-12-16
    公开日:2021-11-24
    发明作者:Joachim Härtlein；Uwe Karsten；Olaf Schwarz；Michael Fuchs；Julia Fleischmann；Norbert Sass
    申请人:Nordischer Maschinenbau Rud Baader GmbH and Co KG；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0004] The present invention relates to a device for separating substances of different fluidity. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for adjusting a device for separating substances of different fluidity and to a method for operating such a device.
    [0005] Devices and procedures of this type are used in different industrial sectors. In principle, materials with different flow behaviors can be separated. Devices and methods of this type are used, for example, in the harvesting of animal bodies to separate parts of skin, meat and / or tendons from bones or spines. They are also used in the separation of fruit pulp from the peel, peduncles, seeds or bones of vegetables or fruits. Another field of application is the separation, in particular, of composite packages, for example cartons for beverages, which are made of cartons covered with plastic foil and / or aluminum foil.
    [0006] Devices also known as separators for separating substances of different fluidity generally comprise a hollow drum provided with a perforated enveloping surface and a compression belt having an effective connection with the hollow drum in a partial circumferential zone. The compression belt and the hollow drum are both driven respectively. The press material to be separated reaches an entry zone between the elastic compression belt and the perforated hollow drum. The The compression belt forms together with the hollow drum in this entry zone an entry wedge for the material to be pressed.
    [0007] Due to the different fluidity of the partial components of the pressing material, the more fluid components are pressed through the perforated envelope surface of the hollow drum from the outside to the inside.
    [0008] A drawback of known devices and methods consists in that, when entering the material to be pressed, as well as when separating substances of different fluidity, high pressure forces can act, which frequently have unfavorable effects on the compression belt. For example, an unwanted overextension of the compression tape can occur. To counteract functional problems and / or deterioration of the compression tape, to support the compression tape, support elements are used in different embodiments, arranged on the side of the compression tape not facing the material to be separated. In so-called soft spacers, the use of support chains has given good results. The advantage of the support chain lies in a more uniform load of the compression tape guided over it. Typically, the support chain presses the compression tape in a partial region of the hollow drum loop against the surrounding surface of the hollow drum. This causes the compression tape to be guided, in particular in the area in front of the pressure roller, and thus reduces the occurrence of functional problems and / or damage to the compression tape. To achieve the desired supporting effect, the supporting chains are subjected to a corresponding pretension. Although, in this way, a Proper guidance and support of the compression belt, a high pretension of the support chain leads, however, to severe wear phenomena of all components of the support chain as well as to a high load of the chain supports support.
    [0009] As a rule, support chains of this type are mounted by rollers, one roller being configured as a drive roller, while the other roller is a tension roller. The pretension of the support chain is adjustable with the help of the variable position tensioner roller, so that the clamping force that the support chain exerts on the compression belt is also adjustable. From the state of the art, it is known to readjust the clamping force of the support chain against the compression belt by movements of the tensioner roller, for example by using a hydraulic system. When the drive roller is pressed away from the hollow drum, for example by a mechanical resistance of the material to be pressed, the tension roller moves in such a way that the clamping force of the supporting chain against the belt is kept constant overall. compression. Such devices are known, for example, from DE 202004014 365 U1 and DE 202007 004 473 U1.
    [0010] Due to the high pretension and the high forces attached to it, which act permanently on the support chain, it is subjected to great wear. In particular, in the bores of the chain links, these wear phenomena are manifested by a widening of the bores, whereby the supporting chain as a whole lengthens. Experience shows that from an elongation of approximately 2.5%, they can no longer be used, in addition to frequently requiring readjustment. regulate the chain elongation of the tensioner rollers. Thus, the compression band also has a significantly reduced service life, since a high pretension of the supporting chain is accompanied by correspondingly large supporting forces acting on the compression band.
    [0011] Also hollow drums are subject to wear. Their enveloping surfaces must be ground at regular intervals, thereby reducing their diameter. A change in the diameter of the hollow drum can have negative effects on wear and performance in the separation process. To counteract these negative effects, therefore, in addition to the tensioner roller, the position of the drive roller relative to the hollow drum must also be adjusted. The adjustment is carried out as a rule by loosening and readjusting a connection by clamping the shaft.
    [0012] Therefore, the aim of the present invention is to propose a device that adjusts automatically, which guarantees the lowest possible wear with the most optimal possible separation result. Furthermore, the objective is to compensate measurements and / or properties of the components of the device that change due to wear through automatic adjustment. Furthermore, the aim is to provide a corresponding method for the automatic setting of such a device, as well as for the operation of such a device.
    [0013] The objective is achieved by a device with the following characteristics: a rotatably driven hollow drum with a perforated enveloping surface; scraper means for scraping the material to be pressed on the hollow drum; an endless compression tape that can be pressed from the outside against the hollow drum, linking a part of the circumference of the hollow drum, which together with the hollow drum forms an input wedge for the material to be pressed, the compression belt being mounted by means of at least one drive roller, as well as at least one support roller and at least the drive roller so that it can be squeezed, separated by the compression belt, variably by control in a clamping position against the hollow drum, the position of the drive roller being set adjustably relative to the hollow drum by a control equipment by means of a first positioning equipment, further comprising a first end stop element configured for the mechanical limitation of the position, with which at least a part of the first positioning equipment enters into a blocking contact with a first counter support of the first end stop element in the clamping position of the drive roller, and the first counter support of the first end stop member positionally adjustable by means of control equipment. In this way it is possible to adjust the clamping position of the drive roller exactly by means of the first end stop element variably by means of a control. In the clamping position, a part of the first positioning device comes into locking contact with the first counter support, that is, the counter support serves as a counter support in this position. When material to be pressed comes through the input wedge between the hollow drum wrapping surface and the compression belt, the drive roll may deflect under pressure from the positioning equipment in the direction of the hollow drum. A part of the first positioning equipment is released in this case a little from the first counter support, so that all the pressure force acting from the first positioning equipment on the drive roller acts on the material to be pressed. This offers the advantage that, as the material to be pressed passes, it is processed with the correspondingly high pressures required, the clamping force being, on the contrary, clearly reduced if there is less or no material to be pressed between the pressing belt. compression and the hollow drum, thus clearly reducing the wear of the compression belt and / or the hollow drum. Other advantages resulting in combination with the control equipment according to the invention will be described later in connection with the method according to the invention. Preferably, the rollers are mounted by adjustable eccentric tensioning devices for position adjustment. Furthermore, the drive roller is designed as a pinch roller, ie it has a dual function.
    [0014] A convenient configuration of the invention is characterized in that a device comprises an endless support means, rotatably driven, configured to support the compression belt, which is mounted by means of the drive roller, as well as at least one tension roller and at least the position of the tensioner roller is set adjustably in a tensioning position by the control equipment by means of a second positioning equipment to adjust the pretension of the support means, as well as a second end stop element configured for the limitation mechanics of the position, with which at least a part of the second positioning device enters into a blocking contact with a second counter support of the second end stop element in the tensioning position and the second counter support of the second end stop element being configured positionally adjustable by means of the control equipment. This offers the advantage that the pretension of the support means is automatically adjustable. By choosing the position of the second counter supports of the second end stop element, the pretension of the support means is correspondingly adjustable. Depending on the properties of the pressing material to be processed, as well as the material properties of the compression tape used, the pretension of the support means can be optimally adjusted in advance. By means of the mechanical blocking by means of the second counter support, the support means is pre-tensioned only to such an extent that the play is removed from it. Therefore, the support means has a comparatively low pretension, since the tensile force exerted by the second positioning device is absorbed at least essentially by the second counter support element of the second end stop element. When the compression belt is deflected, as described above, by the press material between the hollow drum and the compression belt, the tension of the support means also increases. The tensioner roller moves against the tensioning force generated by the second positioning equipment leaving the tensioning position, so that the part of the second positioning equipment is released from the second counter support, now all the tensioning force acts through the tensioning roller. on the support medium. In other words, according to the invention, the pretension of the support means is increased as a function of the needs at the moment when the passage of material to be compressed requires it. Otherwise, the Chain support pretension is reduced to a minimum. Another advantage is that, thanks to the choice of pretension through the position of the second counter support, the entry wedge is variably configured. Depending on the type of press material to be separated, the lead-in wedge can thus be optimally adapted over a wide range of variation to different press materials, in order to ensure respectively optimal lead-in behavior of the press material. . A preferred development of the invention is characterized in that the support means is a support chain or a support tape. In particular, in soft spacers, a support chain is used.
    [0015] Another convenient configuration of the invention is characterized in that the positioning devices respectively comprise respectively hydraulically actuated pressure cylinders, called hydraulic cylinders. The hydraulically actuated pressure cylinders achieve the required high pressures. By means of the control device, the pressure cylinders are requested with the respective desired working pressure. The hydraulic system, with which the pressure cylinders are connected, is preferably configured such that the pressure cylinders are configured so that they spring back against the working pressure. In this way, both the drive roller and the tension roller can be correspondingly deflected.
    [0016] According to another preferred embodiment, the counter supports of the end stop elements are respectively self-locking. This offers the advantage that, even in the event of a force action on the respective counter supports, they maintain always its position that has been adjusted once. In this way, the maintenance of the variably adjusted position is particularly easily ensured by means of a control of the counter supports.
    [0017] Another convenient configuration of the invention is characterized in that the counter supports of the end stop elements each have an electromotor spindle drive that can be controlled by the control equipment for adjusting the position of the counter supports. The spindle drive offers the advantage of having a self-locking system, as well as being able to adjust in the event of a stress with high axial forces, also allowing a precise positioning of the counter supports.
    [0018] According to another preferable configuration of the invention, the end stop elements comprise measuring means respectively connected with the control equipment, which are configured to determine that the respective counter support is in blocking contact. Advantageously, it is thus automatically detected that the counter supports are in locking contact.
    [0019] An advantageous development of the invention is characterized in that the measuring means are designed as non-contact position sensors or electrical limit switches. In this way, it can be detected exactly when the locking contact position is reached and transmitted to the control equipment.
    [0020] A preferable development of the invention is characterized in that the measuring means respectively have ammeter equipment for determining the current consumption of the spindle drive and that The control equipment is configured to detect in the event of an increase in the current consumption determined during the adjustment of the position with respect to the nominal current consumption of the spindle drive that the respective counter support is in blocking contact. Advantageously, the indicated position is determined without other sensing means. The electric motor of the spindle drive is thus used at the same time for detecting the locking contact position. When the blocking contact is reached, the torque to be generated by the electric motor increases sharply. This also leads to an increase in current consumption, which is significantly higher compared to a regular nominal current consumption.
    [0021] According to another preferable development, the control equipment is configured to store the positions of the respective counter supports by means of storage means for at least one type of material to be pressed and, after selecting an operator the type of material to be pressed, automatically adjust the counter supports with the help of the stored positions. Advantageously in this way it is possible to adjust the respective positions of the counter supports automatically in a repeatable manner. The once determined positions of the counter supports, which have been determined and adjusted with respect to a type of material to be pressed, can thus be easily selected by a user or operator of the device and adjusted automatically by the control equipment. In this way, a high level of operating comfort is achieved and an incorrect setting of the machine due to the selection of inappropriate settings for the respective pressing material is avoided at the same time.
    [0022] Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for setting a device for separating substances of different fluidity, the device comprising a rotatably driven hollow drum with a perforated enveloping surface, scraping means for scraping the material to be pressed into the hollow drum, a Endless compression belt that can be pressed from the outside against the hollow drum, linking a part of the circumference of the hollow drum, which together with the hollow drum forms an input wedge for the material to be pressed, the compression belt being mounted by means of at least one drive roller, as well as at least one support roller and at least the drive roller being configured so that it can be squeezed, separated by the compression belt, variably by means of a control in a clamping position against the hollow drum, the position of the drive roller being set adjustably relative to the drum hu echo by means of control equipment by means of a first positioning equipment comprising at least one first hydraulically actuated pressure cylinder, further comprising a first end stop element configured for mechanical position limitation, with which at least one part of the first positioning device enters into blocking contact with a first counter support of the first end stop element in the clamping position of the drive roller and the first counter support of the first end stop element being positionally adjustable by means of the control equipment, and the control equipment performing at least the following steps: adjusting the first counter support of the first end stop element in a first waiting position so that the first positioning equipment can be positioned without limitations; positioning the drive roller in the clamping position by the first positioning equipment by biasing the first pressure cylinder with a test clamp pressure, so that the drive roller is seated with a predetermined test pressure force by the belt compression against the hollow drum; adjusting the first counter support of the first end stop member from the first waiting position to a first contact position in which the first counter support seats in locking contact against at least a part of the first positioning equipment; and ordering the first pressure cylinder with a working clamp pressure that is higher than the test clamp pressure. Preferably, the method according to the invention is carried out before each start-up of the device, thus carrying out an initial calibration. In particular, the procedure is carried out after each change of machine components, for example the change of the hollow drum, to recalibrate the machine.
    [0023] The method according to the invention has a number of advantages. The drive roller runs with a test pressure pressure that is many times less than the actual working pressure pressure. By means of this step, the exact clamping position is determined using an indirect measuring technique, which depends, for example, on the actual diameter of the hollow drum, on the thickness as well as on the material properties of the compression band and, if necessary, on the support medium. In this way, the determination of the clamping position of the drive roller is carried out fully automatically. By subsequent adjustment of the first counter support of the first end stop element of the first waiting position to the first contact position, the determined clamping position is "translated" to the position of the first counter support. The at least one part of the first positioning equipment now comes into locking contact with the first counter support and "rests" on it. In the next stage, the first pressure cylinder is loaded with the working clamp pressure, which is higher than the test clamp pressure. The working clamping pressure now acts at least essentially against the first counter-bearing via the locking contact. Therefore, only a low pressure acts on the compression belt and the hollow drum, so that these are subject to significantly reduced wear.
    [0024] Another advantage is that not only can the amount of the clamping pressure be adjusted variably, but also a setting in which a gap of a predetermined width remains for the entry of the material to be pressed between the compression belt and the hollow drum, for example to optimally process recycled products as press material.
    [0025] As soon as the material to be pressed arrives between the enveloping surface of the hollow drum and the compression belt, the drive roller is correspondingly deflected, as described above, and the at least one part of the first positioning equipment is released somewhat from the first counter support of the locking contact. In this way, the entire operating pressure is now exerted from the drive roller, if necessary via the support means, the compression belt, as well as the pressing material between the compression belt and the surrounding surface of the hollow drum on the hollow drum.
    [0026] According to another preferred configuration of the invention, the device has an endless support means, rotatably driven, configured to support the compression belt, which is mounted by means of the drive roller, as well as at least one tension roller and at least the position of the tensioner roller is set adjustably in a tensioning position by the control equipment by means of a second positioning equipment to adjust the pretension of the support means, and furthermore a second end stop element configured for the limitation position mechanics, with which at least a part of the second positioning equipment, comprising at least one second hydraulically actuated pressure cylinder, comes into locking contact with a second counter support of the second end stop element in the tensioning position and the second counter support of the second end stop element being configured in an adjustable way as to the position. ion by means of the control equipment, and the following steps being carried out by the control equipment: adjusting the second counter support of the second end stop element in a second waiting position so that the second positioning equipment can be positioned without limitations; positioning the drive roller in a tensioning position by means of the second positioning equipment by biasing the second pressure cylinder with a test tensioning pressure, so that the support means is biased with a predetermined pretension; adjusting the second counter support of the second end stop member from the second waiting position to a second contact position, in which the second counter support seats in locking contact against at least a part of the second positioning equipment; Y The second pressure cylinder is loaded with a working tension pressure that is higher than the test tension pressure. In a similar way in which the positioning of the drive roller is carried out, as well as of the first end stop device, the invention proceeds with the positioning of the tensioner roller and the second end stop device. Also in this case, the tensioning roller is first positioned in the tensioning position by means of an indirect measuring technique, the second pressure cylinder being stressed with a test tensioning pressure which is a multiple lower than the working tensioning position. Preferably, the test tension pressure has been chosen just such that the slack in the support means is removed. In this way, an elongation of the support means caused by wear is also automatically detected. By adjusting the second counter support from the second standby position to the second contact position, the determined tensioning position is "translated" to the position of the second counter support. After the second pressure cylinder is loaded with the working tensioning pressure, the at least one part of the second positioning device is seated with locking contact against the second counter support. By means of this mechanical stop, the support means is applied only with a low pretension and the wear of all relevant components is therefore considerably reduced. Only when the material to be pressed reaches between the enveloping surface of the hollow drum and the compression belt, which leads to a deflection of the tensioning roller against the force by the second pressure cylinder, the at least part of the second equipment The positioning device comes out of the locking contact with the second counter support and all the working tension pressure acts through the second pressure cylinder and tensioner roller for pretensioning on the support means.
    [0027] A preferred development of the invention is characterized in that before the first pressure cylinder is applied to the working clamping pressure, the drive roller is moved from the first clamping position by means of the first positioning device to a first clamping position. release in such a way that the compression band sits in any case without clamping force against the hollow drum and that the first counter support of the first end stop element moves from the first contact position to a differential contact position, which differs from the other corresponding to a first predetermined distance. Advantageously, in this way the tightness of the compression tape can be adjusted in a wide range to the surrounding surface of the hollow drum. According to the predetermined distance, the drive roller can be positioned closer to the hollow drum, to work for example with higher working pressures thanks to a certain compression of the compression belt. It is also possible to work with lower working pressures by choosing the first distance, which leads to a position of the drive roller further away from the hollow drum, or to make more space available for the material to press between the envelope surface of the hollow drum and compression tape. In any case, the clamping of the compression tape against the press material to be processed can be optimally adapted in this way with respect to the highest possible throughput, while the device undergoes little wear. Another advantage is that, thanks to predetermining the position of the drive roller, also the input wedge is configured in a controllable and thus variable way.
    [0028] Another convenient configuration of the invention is characterized in that, before the second pressure cylinder is applied with the working tensioning pressure, the tensioning roller is moved by the second positioning equipment from the tensioning position to a second releasing position of such so that the support means is at least essentially free of pretension and the second counter support of the second end stop element moves from the second contact position to a differential tensioning position, which differs from the other corresponding to a second predetermined distance . By predetermining the second distance, it is possible to optimally adjust the pretension of the support means. In this way, the pretension can be optimally adapted to different requirements. Depending on the type of material to be pressed, this achieves, on the one hand, an optimal support of the compression belt, while on the other hand, there is the least possible wear. Furthermore, the predetermination of the second distance offers the possibility of varying the entry wedge and optimally adjusting it for different materials to be pressed.
    [0029] According to another preferred configuration of the invention, the counter supports of the end stop elements are self-locking. Another convenient configuration of the invention is characterized in that the adjustment of the counter supports of the end stop elements is carried out respectively by means of electromotor spindle drives that can be controlled by the control equipment. According to another preferred embodiment, the method is characterized by the determination of the current consumption of the respective spindle drive by means of ammeter devices during the position adjustment of the respective counter support and in the event of an increase in the current consumption detected during the position adjustment and determined in comparison with the current consumption spindle drive rating, the detection that the respective counter bearing is in locking contact. The advantages of the above-mentioned characteristics of the method have already been extensively described in relation to the device according to the invention, to which reference is made here also in relation to the method according to the invention.
    [0030] An advantageous development of the invention is characterized by the determination of the blocking contact by means of non-contact position sensors or electrical limit switches. Furthermore, it is foreseen to store the positions of the respective counter supports by means of storage means of the control equipment for at least one type of material to be pressed and, after selecting an operator the type of material to be pressed, automatically adjust the position of the respective counter supports with the help of stored positions. The advantages associated with the aforementioned improvements have already been extensively described in relation to the device according to the invention, to which reference is made at this point.
    [0031] Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating a device for separating substances of different fluidity, comprising the steps: performing the aforementioned procedure to adjust the device; perform the separation of substances of different fluidity by driving the drive roller; interrupt repeatedly performing the separation of the substances and performing the procedure for adjusting the device according to the above-described procedure.
    [0032] Other preferred and / or convenient features and designs of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description. Especially preferable embodiments will be explained in more detail by means of the accompanying drawing. In the drawing it shows:
    [0033] Figure 1 a front perspective view of the device according to the invention
    [0034] figure 2 a rear perspective view of the device according to the invention
    [0035] Figure 3 a rear view of the device with a first end stop element in a first waiting position
    [0036] Figure 4 a rear view of the device with the first end stop element in a first contact position
    [0037] Figure 5 a rear view of the device with a second end stop element in a second waiting position
    [0038] Y
    [0039] FIG. 6 is a rear view of the device with the second end stop element in the second contact position.
    [0040] In the following, the device according to the invention, as well as the methods according to the invention, will be explained in more detail. Figures 1 and 2 show in perspective the device according to the invention, respectively in front or rear view. The device comprises a hollow drum 10 rotatably driven with a Perforated surround surface 11. For clarity, the perforation is not represented in the drawing. The perforation of the envelope surface 11 is preferably formed by a plurality of holes arranged in a distributed manner over the entire envelope surface 11.
    [0041] Inside, the hollow drum 10 has an interior space 12, from which the part of the material to be pressed which has been pressed through the perforation of the enveloping surface 11 is led outwards by means of a conductive element 13 to the outside. the material to be pressed into the hollow drum 10, scraper means 18 are arranged in the region of the envelope surface 11. The distance or the clamping force of the scraper means 18 against the envelope surface 11 of the hollow drum 10 is preferably configured as adjustable shape.
    [0042] An endless compression belt 14 sits from the outside against the hollow drum 10. In this regard, the compression belt 14 links a part of the hollow drum 10, that is, it sits against a part of the enveloping surface 11. In this way , the hollow drum 10 and the compression belt 14 form an entry wedge 36 for the material to be pressed. The material to be pressed is fed for example through a conductive hopper 15 to the device according to the invention and thus arrives through the inlet wedge 36 between the hollow drum 10 and the compression belt 14. The part of the material for Pressing with a higher fluidity reaches through the perforation of the hollow drum 10 into the interior space 12 of the hollow drum 10, while the components of lower fluidity remain in the region of the outer envelope surface 11 of the hollow drum. These are removed from the envelope surface 11 by the scraper means 18. Preferably, the Scraper means 18 are configured to be able to be controlled towards the envelope surface 11 and away from it, so that the scraping process is not carried out respectively until the release of the envelope surface 11 from the material to be pressed and / or from remains of the pressing material.
    [0043] The compression belt 14 is mounted by a drive roll 16 as well as a support roll 17. Various of the drive rolls 16 or support rolls 17 may also be used to accommodate or deflect the compression belt 14. The drive of the hollow drum 10, as well as the drive roller 16 is performed by a drive means 19. Preferably, the drive is performed by a drive chain 20. It is also preferable that the drive chain 20 is configured to drive the drive. hollow drum 10, as well as drive roller 16.
    [0044] The drive roller 16 is configured so that it can be clamped, separated by the compression belt 14, variably by means of a control in a clamping position against the hollow drum 10. For this, the position of the drive roller 16 is configured adjustable with respect to the hollow drum 10 by means of a control equipment by means of a first positioning equipment 21. In this way it is possible to adjust the tightness of the compression tape 14 against the hollow drum 10 variably by means of a control.
    [0045] Furthermore, the device according to the invention comprises a first end stop element 23, which is designed and configured for mechanical position limitation. Figures 3 and 4 show the basic function of this first end stop element 23. For a better representation, figure 3 shows the first end stop element 23 in a first waiting position, while figure 4 shows it in a first contact position.
    [0046] As can be seen in figure 4, at least a part 24 of the first positioning equipment 21 arrives in the clamping position of the drive roller 16 in locking contact with a first counter support 25 of the first end stop element 23. In the position pressure, the drive roller 16, separated at least by the compression belt 14, seats with a predetermined pressure pressure against the enveloping surface 11 of the hollow drum 10. At the same time, at least a part 24 of the first positioning equipment 21 seats against the counter support 25, so that the end stop member 23 prevents further movement of the drive roller 16 in the direction of the hollow drum 10.
    [0047] Figure 3 shows the first positioning equipment, as well as the drive roller 16 in a position in which the first counter support does not come into locking contact with the at least one part 24 of the first positioning equipment 21. In this case, the first positioning equipment is mechanically free and can be moved by the control equipment 22 to different positions. The mechanical limitation of the position does not act until the at least one part 24 of the first positioning device 21 comes into locking contact with the counter support 25 of the first end stop element 23.
    [0048] The first counter support 25 of the first end stop member 23 is configured adjustably in position by the control equipment 22. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the first counter support 25 is configured in such a way that it can be moved to different positions. In other words, the contact position is variably configured by a control.
    [0049] Preferably, the device according to the invention further comprises an endless support means 26, rotatably driven, configured to support the compression belt 14. The endless support means 26, which is configured for example as a support belt or as a support chain, it is mounted by the drive roller 16, as well as at least one tension roller 27. The support means 26 supports the compression belt 14 and is guided together with it around the drive roller 16.
    [0050] At least the position of the tensioning roller 27 is set adjustably in a tensioning position by the control equipment 22 by means of a second positioning equipment 28 to adjust the pretension of the support means 26. The second positioning equipment 28 is limited mechanically in position by means of a second end stop element 29. For this, at least one part 30 of the second positioning device 28 comes into locking contact with a second counter support 31 of the second end stop element 29 in the tensioning position. Figures 5 and 6 respectively show the mode of operation of the second end stop element 29. While in Figure 5 the second positioning equipment 28 is mechanically free, Figure 6 shows the at least one part 30 of the second positioning equipment in the blocking contact.
    [0051] The second counter support 31 of the second end stop element 29 is set adjustable in its position by means of the control equipment 22. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the second counter support 31 is configured in such a way that it can be moved to different positions. In other words, the contact position is variably configured by a control.
    [0052] Preferably, the first and second positioning equipment 21, 28 respectively comprise hydraulically actuated pressure cylinders 32, 33. The pressure cylinders 32, 33 are controlled and operated by the control equipment 22. Preferably, the pressure cylinders 32, 33 are integrated into a hydraulic system, not shown in the drawing, which can be controlled by the control equipment. control 22, such that they are stressed with a predetermined hydraulic pressure, although they can be elastically deflected against it. Alternatively, the pressure cylinders 32, 33 are pneumatic cylinders, which can be deflected elastically against the compressible compressed air medium.
    [0053] It is also preferable that the counter supports 25, 31 of the end stop elements 23, 29 are respectively self-locking. Therefore, the end stop elements 23, 29 are configured in such a way that the counter supports 25, 31 automatically maintain the position once adjusted, also under the action of force. To this end, the end stop elements 23, 29 are designed for example self-locking or comprise respectively a controllable locking device for locking the set position of the respective counter support 25, 31.
    [0054] In particular, the counter supports 25, 31 of the end stop elements 23, 29 respectively have an electromotor spindle 34 drive that can be controlled by the control equipment 22 for the adjustment of the position of the counter supports 25, 31. This offers the advantage that the counter supports 25, 31 lock themselves under the action of force, that is to say that they maintain their adjusted position. An adjustment of the positions of the counter supports 25, 31 is only possible by operation of an electric motor 35 of the spindle drive 34.
    [0055] The end stop elements 23, 29 respectively comprise measuring means, not shown in the drawing, connected with the control equipment 22, which are configured to determine that the respective counter support 25, 31 is in locking contact. Therefore, the measuring means are configured to detect whether the adjustment of the position of the counter supports 25, 31 is carried out against a mechanical resistance or against an increasing mechanical resistance. By means of the control equipment 22, at least the following steps are carried out:
    [0056] First of all, the first counter support 25 of the first end stop member 23 is set in a first waiting position such that the first positioning equipment 21 can be positioned without limitations, as shown for example in figure 3. Below , the drive roller 16 is adjusted into the clamping position by the first positioning equipment 21. This is done by biasing the first pressure cylinder 32 with a working clamping pressure, so that the drive roller 16 seats with a predetermined test pressure force by the compression tape 14 against the hollow drum 10. The exact position of the drive roll 16 depends at least on the diameter of the hollow drum 10, the thickness and the elasticity of the compression tape 14, where appropriate, the overall height of the support means 26, as well as the magnitude of the test contact pressure.
    [0057] The first counter support 25 of the first end stop member 23 is now adjusted from the first waiting position to a first contact position, shown in Figure 4, in which the first counter support 25 seats in locking contact against at least one part. 24 of the first positioning equipment 21. Next, the first pressure cylinder 32 is loaded with a working clamping pressure that is higher than the test clamping pressure. The at least one first part 24 of the positioning equipment 21 now seats with locking contact against the counter support 25, which mechanically limits a greater approach of the drive roller 16 to the hollow drum.
    [0058] Preferably, the following additional steps are performed by the control equipment. The second counter support 31 of the second end stop element 29 is adjusted in a second waiting position in such a way that the second positioning equipment 28 can be positioned without limitations, as shown for example in figure 5. Next, the tensioner roller 27 is moved by the second positioning equipment 28 to a tensioning position. This is done by biasing the second pressure cylinder 33 with a test tension pressure, so that the support means 26 is biased with a predetermined pretension.
    [0059] As shown in Figure 6, the second counter support 31 of the second end stop element 29 is now adjusted from the second waiting position to a second contact position, in which the second counter support 31 seats in locking contact against the minus a part 30 of the second positioning equipment 28. Next, the second pressure cylinder 33 with a working tension pressure that is higher than the test tension pressure.
    [0060] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, not shown in the drawing, before the first pressure cylinder 32 is stressed with the test clamping pressure, the drive roller 16 is moved from the first clamping position by the first device. position 21 to a first release position in such a way that the compression band 14 seats in any case without clamping force against the hollow drum 10. For this, the first pressure cylinder 32 is applied, for example, induced by the control equipment 22, with a pressure that is just enough to set the actuating cylinder 16 to the indicated position. The first counter support 25 of the first end stop member 23 then moves from the first contact position to a differential contact position, which differs from it corresponding to a first predetermined distance. In other words, a reference position is first determined in which the drive roller reaches just, separated by the compression belt 14 and, if necessary, by the support means 26, in contact with the hollow drum. 10. By adjusting the first counter support 25 to correspond to the predetermined distance, it is possible to move the drive roller 16 to a defined position, which differs from the reference position.
    [0061] Similarly, it is also preferable that before the second pressure cylinder 33 is applied with the working tensioning pressure, the tensioning roller is moved by the second positioning device 28 from the tensioning position to a second releasing position in such a way that the support means 26 is at least essentially free of pretension. Next, The second counter support 31 of the second end stop element 29 is moved from the first contact position to a differential contact position, which differs from it corresponding to a second predetermined distance.
    [0062] It is also preferable that the counter supports 25, 31 of the end stop elements 23, 29 are configured as self-locking. Advantageously, the adjustment of the counter supports 25, 31 of the end stop elements 23, 29 is carried out respectively by means of electric motor spindle drives 34 that can be controlled by the control equipment 22. The fact that the respective counter support 25, 31 is in blocking contact, it is preferably detected by determining the current consumption of the respective spindle drive 34 by means of ammeter equipment during the position adjustment of the respective counter support 25, 31. The moment in which the blocking contact is reached is detected during the adjustment of the position because the ammeter equipment detects an increase in the current consumption compared to the nominal current consumption of the spindle drive 34.
    [0063] The present invention also comprises a method for operating a device for separating substances of different fluidity, in which the above-described procedure for adjusting the device is first carried out. Next, the device is operated to separate substances of different fluidity, this operation being interrupted repeatedly, to carry out the procedure described above for adjusting the device. In other words, the actual realization of the separation of the substances is interrupted in predetermined time intervals for recalibrating the device, the adjustment mode of operation according to the invention being regularly performed.
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [1]
    1. Device for separating substances of different fluidity, comprising a hollow drum (10) rotatably driven with a perforated enveloping surface (11),
    scraping means (18) to scrape the material to be pressed in the hollow drum (10),
    an endless compression belt (14) that can be pressed from the outside against the hollow drum (10), linking a part of the circumference of the hollow drum (10), which together with the hollow drum (10) forms an entry wedge (36) for the material to be pressed, the compression belt (14) being mounted by at least one actuating cylinder (16), as well as at least one supporting cylinder (17) and at least the actuating cylinder ( 16) so that it can be tightened, separated by the compression tape (14), variably by means of a control in a clamping position against the hollow drum (10),
    the position of the drive roller (16) being set adjustable with respect to the hollow drum (10) by means of a control device (22) by means of a first positioning device (21), further comprising
    a first end stop element (23) configured for the mechanical limitation of the position, with which at least a part (24) of the first positioning equipment (21) arrives in the clamping position of the drive roller (16) in locking contact with a first counter support (31) of the first end stop element (23) and
    the first counter support (25) of the first end stop element (23) being configured in an adjustable manner in its position by means of the control equipment (22).
    [2]
    Device according to claim 1, further comprising an endless support means (26), rotatably driven, configured to support the compression belt (14), which is housed by the drive roller (16), thus as at least one tensioner roller (27),
    at least the position of the tensioning roller (27) being configured in an adjustable way in a tensioning position by means of the control equipment (22) by means of a second positioning equipment (28) to adjust the pretension of the support means (26),
    a second end stop element (29) configured for the mechanical limitation of the position, with which at least a part of the second positioning equipment (28) arrives in the tensioning position in blocking contact with a second counter support (31) of the second end stop element (29) and
    the second counter support (31) of the second end stop element (29) being configured in an adjustable manner in its position by means of the control equipment.
    [3]
    Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the support means (26) is a support chain or a support tape.
    [4]
    Device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the positioning devices (21, 28) respectively comprise hydraulically actuated pressure cylinders (32, 33).
    [5]
    Device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the counter supports (25, 31) of the end stop elements (23, 29) are respectively self-locking.
    [6]
    Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the counter supports (25, 31) of the end stop elements (23, 29) respectively have an electromotor spindle drive (34) that can be controlled by the control equipment for adjusting the position of the counter supports (25, 31).
    [7]
    Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the end stop elements (23, 29) respectively comprise measuring means connected with the control equipment (22), which are configured to determine that the respective counter support (25, 31) it is in blocking contact.
    [8]
    Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the measuring means respectively have ammeter equipment to determine the current consumption of the spindle drive (34) and in that the control equipment is configured to detect in the event of an increase in consumption. of current determined during adjustment of the position with respect to the nominal current consumption of the spindle drive (34) that the respective counter support (25, 31) is in locking contact.
    [9]
    Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the measuring means are configured as non-contact position sensors or electrical limit switches.
    [10]
    Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control device (22) is configured to store the positions of the respective counter supports (25, 31) by means of storage means for at least one type of material to be pressed and, After selecting an operator the type of material to press, automatically adjust the counter supports (25, 31) with the help of the stored positions.
    [11]
    11. Procedure for adjusting a device for separating substances of different fluidity, the device comprising a hollow drum (10) rotatably driven with a perforated enveloping surface (11), scraping means (18) for scraping the material to be pressed on the drum hollow (10), an endless compression tape (14) that can be pressed from the outside against the hollow drum (10), linking a part of the circumference of the hollow drum (10), which together with the hollow drum (10) forms an inlet wedge for the material to be pressed, the compression belt (14) being mounted by means of at least one actuating cylinder (16), as well as at least one support cylinder (17) and at least the press cylinder being configured drive (16) so that it can be tightened, separated by the compression tape (14), variably by means of a control in a position of clamping against the hollow drum (10), the position of the drive roller (16) being set in an adjustable manner relative to the hollow drum (10) by means of a control device (22) by means of a first positioning device (21) comprising at least one first hydraulically actuated pressure cylinder (32), further comprising a first end stop element (23) configured for the mechanical limitation of the position, with which at least a part of the first positioning equipment (21) enters into locking contact with a first counter support (25) of the first end stop element (23) in the clamping position of the drive roller (16), and the first counter support (25) of the first end stop element being configured (23) in an adjustable manner in terms of position by means of the control equipment (22), and the following steps being carried out by means of the control equipment (22):
    a) adjusting the first counter support (25) of the first end stop element (23) in a first waiting position so that the first positioning equipment (21) can be positioned without limitations,
    b) positioning the drive roller (16) in the clamping position by means of the first positioning equipment (21) by biasing the first pressure cylinder (32) with a test clamping pressure, so that the drive roller ( 16) seats with a predetermined test pressure force by the compression tape (14) against the hollow drum (10),
    c) adjusting the first counter support (25) of the first end stop element (23) from the first waiting position to a first contact position, in which the first counter support (25) sits in locking contact against the minus one part (24) of the first positioning equipment (21),
    Y
    d) request the first pressure cylinder (32) with a working clamp pressure that is higher than the test clamp pressure.
    [12]
    Method according to claim 11, the device comprising an endless support means (26), rotatably driven, configured to support the compression belt (14), which is mounted by means of the drive roller (16), thus as at least one tensioner roller (27) and at least the position of the tensioner roller (27) being set adjustably in a tensioning position by means of the control equipment (22) by means of a second positioning equipment (28) to adjust the pretension of the support means (26), and also comprising a second end stop element (29) configured for the mechanical limitation of the position, with which at least a part of the second positioning equipment (28), which comprises the minus one second hydraulically actuated pressure cylinder (33) enters into a locking contact with a second counter support (31) of the second end stop element (29) in the tensioning position and the second counter support (31 ) of the second end stop element (29) in an adjustable manner in terms of position by means of the control equipment (22), and the following additional steps being carried out by the control equipment (22):
    e) adjusting the second counter support (31) of the second end stop element (29) in a second waiting position so that the second positioning equipment (28) can be positioned without limitations,
    f) positioning the tensioning roller (27) in a tensioning position by means of the second positioning equipment (28) by biasing the second pressure cylinder (33) with a test tensioning pressure, so that the support means (26) remains requested with a predetermined claim,
    g) adjusting the second counter support (31) of the second end stop element (29) from the second waiting position to a second contact position, in which the second counter support (31) sits in locking contact against at least one part of the second positioning equipment (28),
    Y
    h) loading of the second pressure cylinder (33) with a working tension pressure that is higher than the test tension pressure.
    [13]
    Method according to claim 11, characterized in that before the first pressure cylinder (32) is loaded with the working contact pressure
    - the drive roller (16) is moved from the first clamping position by means of the first positioning equipment (21) to a first release position in such a way that the compression belt (14) seats in any case without clamping force against the hollow drum (10) and
    - the first counter support (25) of the first end stop element (23) moves from the first contact position to a differential contact position, which differs from it, corresponding to a first predetermined distance.
    [14]
    Method according to claim 12, characterized in that before the second pressure cylinder (33) is actuated with the working contact pressure
    - the tensioning roller (27) is moved by the second positioning equipment (28) from the tensioning position to a second releasing position in such a way that the support means (26) is at least essentially free of pretension and
    - the second counter support (31) of the second end stop element (29) moves from the second contact position to a differential tensioning position, which differs from the other, corresponding to a second predetermined distance.
    [15]
    Method according to one of Claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the counter supports (25, 31) of the end stop elements (23, 29) are self-locking.
    [16]
    Method according to claim 15, characterized in that the adjustment of the counter supports (25, 31) of the end stop elements (23, 29) is carried out respectively by means of electromotor spindle drives (34) that can be controlled by means of the control equipment.
    [17]
    Method according to claim 16, characterized by the determination of the current consumption of the respective spindle drive (34) by means of ammeter units during the position adjustment of the respective counter support (25, 31) and in case of an increase in current consumption detected during position adjustment and determined in comparison with the nominal current consumption of the spindle drive (34), the detection that the counter support (25 , 31) is in blocking contact.
    [18]
    18. Method according to claim 16, characterized by determining the blocking contact by means of non-contact position sensors or electrical limit switches.
    [19]
    Method according to one of claims 11 to 18, characterized by the storage of the positions of the respective counter supports (25, 31) by means of storage means of the control device (22) for at least one type of material to be pressed and, after selecting an operator the type of material to be pressed, the automatic adjustment of the position of the respective counter supports (25, 31) with the help of the stored positions.
    [20]
    20. Procedure for the operation of a device to separate substances of different fluidity, comprising the steps:
    - carry out the procedure for adjusting the device according to one of claims 11 to 19,
    - perform the separation of substances of different fluidity by actuating the drive roller (16)
    - repeatedly interrupt the performance of the separation of the materials and implementation of the method for adjusting the device according to one of claims 11 to 19.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2020127086A1|2020-06-25|
    JP2022514696A|2022-02-14|
    DE102018133444B4|2020-07-23|
    DE102018133444A1|2020-06-25|
    US20220040948A1|2022-02-10|
    ES2880471R1|2021-11-29|
    CN113194729A|2021-07-30|
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    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102018133444.3A|DE102018133444B4|2018-12-21|2018-12-21|Device and method for separating substances of different flowability|
    PCT/EP2019/085406|WO2020127086A1|2018-12-21|2019-12-16|Device and method for separating materials with different degrees of flowability|
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