IMPROVED BRAKING DEVICE (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

专利摘要:
Improved brake device, configured to be installed directly on a driving shaft (100) or through a hub (11), where said device comprises a first brake disc attached to the shaft (100) sharing rotary movement a first container disc (3) and a second container disk (4) configured to move in the axial direction of said shaft (100). The container discs (3, 4) are located on each side of the brake disc, so that both are configured to move in the axial direction towards the ferodos (5a, 5b) of the first brake disc and to exert a thrust pressure on them, producing the brake of the brake disc and, therefore, of the drive shaft (100) to which it is assembled. Furthermore, the container discs (3, 4) comprise an internal circuit configured to house the passage of a cooling fluid configured to cool them. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
公开号:ES2792148A1
申请号:ES202030101
申请日:2020-02-07
公开日:2020-11-10
发明作者:Beneitez Jose Maria Gomez；De Sebastian Fernando Gomez
申请人:Brl Brake Solutions S L；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[0004] Object of the invention
[0005] The present invention consists of a brake device with a novel system that increases braking capacity, reducing wear on the usual components and comprising a cooling system that guarantees the thermal stability of the brake discs.
[0007] The present invention has application in different industrial fields, mainly in the automotive industry, such as the railway or aviation, as well as in all those industries where braking devices act.
[0009] Technical problem to solve and background to the invention
[0010] In the state of the art, many braking systems with different types of configurations are known, specifically, the automotive sector where more research and development has been carried out in this field, generating different types of braking systems depending on the needs of the vehicle.
[0012] The most well-known braking system in the automotive sector is the brake disc braking system where, once the brake pedal is actuated, a hydraulic, pneumatic or electrical system is activated that moves brake pads towards a disc that rotates integral with the wheels of the vehicle, so that, by means of friction between the brake pads and the disc, the braking of the wheels and consequently of the vehicle is produced.
[0014] In this braking system, the brake disc, as has already been explained, rotates continuously in solidarity with the wheels of the vehicle while the pads are in a fixed position relative to the wheel. When the pads are moved axially towards the brake disc, until they contact the disc and continue to exert pressure on it, friction is generated that causes the braking of the disc and therefore the braking of the vehicle's wheels, consequently causing , overheating between the contact parts.
[0015] Because the brake disc is constantly rotating, the only cooling you get is due to the air flow it receives through natural convection. Likewise, given the surface, material and configuration of the brake pads, it is highly complex to have a cooling system in them that evacuates the heat generated.
[0017] In addition to overheating, in the systems known in the state of the art, wear occurs on the pads and on the brake disc due to the occasional friction between these two elements, so that the useful life of both the pads and the discs brake is limited.
[0019] Spanish patent ES2705358 describes a brake device that comprises a container joined to two cast iron discs that, together, comprise a brake disc that does not rotate integrally with the shaft, but remains fixed, being a support disc with a ferodo on one of its sides which rotates with the axis. The container that comprises the two function discs comprises an axial displacement with respect to the axis that allows it to contact the lining located on one side of the support disc, producing braking, at the same time that it is cooled by a fluid that flows through it.
[0021] Description of the invention
[0023] The present invention refers to a braking system that solves the problems mentioned above and that improves the efficiency of the developed systems present on the market.
[0025] In this way, the invention consists of an improved brake device, to be installed on a shaft comprising:
[0026] - a first brake disc comprising:
[0027] - a support disk assembled to the shaft, configured to share the rotation with said shaft and to move in an axial direction with respect to said shaft;
[0028] - a first lining rigidly assembled to a first surface of the support disk; Y
[0029] - a second lining rigidly assembled to a second surface of the support disk, opposite to the first surface;
[0030] - a first container disk, configured to move only in the axial direction of said axis; Y
[0031] - a second container disk configured to move only in the axial direction of said axis.
[0033] In this way, the brake disc shares a rotational movement with the axis to which it is assembled, rotating together, but the brake disc having the ability to move axially with respect to the axis, maintaining the same orientation. At the same time, the first and second container discs lack the ability to rotate integrally with the shaft and the brake disc, comprising only the ability to move in the axial direction.
[0035] The brake disc can be mounted on the shaft directly or through a hub, in the same way that, in order to be able to move in the axial direction, the device can comprise a guide disc, rigidly connected to the shaft directly or through the hub, said guide disc being the one that allows axial displacement of the brake disc with respect to the shaft.
[0037] The first brake disc is located between the first container disc and the second container disc, so that, when the device is not exerting braking, said discs are separated by a space that prevents friction between them.
[0039] In order to brake the brake disc, the first container disc is configured to move in the axial direction of the shaft towards the first brake disc of the first brake disc. When the first container disk, when moving, contacts said first lining, it exerts a pressure on its surface that generates friction and, therefore, braking of the support disk.
[0041] In the same way, when the pressure exerted continues, the first container disk is configured to exert a thrust pressure on said first brake lining in the same axial direction, in which the first brake disk moves.
[0043] The simplest embodiment of the device consists in that the first container disc moves against the brake disc in an axial direction exerting a first friction against the first brake, generating braking. Since said friction may not be enough to produce the desired braking, the brake disc continues to move, until the second brake disc contacts the second container disc, which remains immobile, doubling the friction contact surface, producing the tightening on both sides of the brake disc , generating a caliper effect on the brake disc.
[0045] To reduce the temperature reached by the container discs, each one of them comprises an internal circuit configured to accommodate the passage or flow of a cooling fluid configured to cool it, reducing the temperature that can be reached by friction with the lining.
[0047] In another embodiment, the second container disk does not remain stationary, but instead moves towards the second brake disk of the brake disk, having the ability to exert a thrust pressure on said second brake disk, and to move said first brake disk with respect to the axis. towards the first container disk. That is, it can move the brake disc in the opposite direction to that of the first container disc. In this way, a thrust pressure can be exerted on the two ferodos at the same time by each of the container discs, in a distributed and regular way.
[0049] Another embodiment of the improved brake device comprises:
[0050] - a third container disk located between the first brake disk and the second container disk, configured to move only in the axial direction of the shaft; Y
[0051] - a second brake disc, integrally assembled to the shaft, configured to move in the axial direction with respect to said shaft, located between the second and the third container disc;
[0052] the third container disc being equal to the first and second container discs, and the second brake disc equal to the first brake disc. That is, they have the same technical characteristics being isolated from the device.
[0054] In this way, the third container disk is configured to exert a thrust pressure on the second lining of the first brake disk and on the first lining of the second brake disk.
[0056] This embodiment comprises two embodiments at the same time. A first in which, to produce the braking of the axle, the first container disc moves the first brake disc, which pushes the third container disc and this pushes the second brake disc to the second container disc which remains stationary. In this way, the movement of the discs only occurs in an axial direction, and there is a tightening of all the faces of the two brake discs against the container discs.
[0058] The other embodiment consists in that the second container disk does not remain stationary, but is configured to move in the axial direction, towards the second brake disk of the second brake disk, exerting a thrust pressure on said second brake disk, and displacing said second disk. brake along the shaft to the third container disc. In this way, the first and second container discs move towards the third container disc, which remains immobile, moving the brake discs located on each of its sides. As in the previous embodiment, the tightening of each face of the two brake discs against the container discs also occurs, having made a movement of the container discs located at the ends, in opposite directions, towards the intermediate disc.
[0060] These stated embodiments also allow the device to comprise, not only three, but a plurality of container discs, as well as brake discs, arranged interleaved in the manner described.
[0062] In one embodiment, the brake device comprises, at least, one piston configured to generate a thrust load on a container disk located on one of the sides or ends of the brake device, displacing said container disk in the axial direction along the axis . In other words, the pistons are only found at the ends of the braking device, together with the container discs that are not surrounded on both sides by brake discs.
[0064] In the simplest embodiment, in which the displacement of the discs only occurs in one direction of the axial direction, the device only requires a piston configured to push the first container disc; whereas, if the second container disc is required to move, by moving the container discs located at the ends towards the inside, the system comprises two pistons, one at each side or end of the brake device.
[0065] In one embodiment, the system comprises at least one fixed casing, that is, it does not rotate or move, configured to be rigidly fixed to a frame such as a vehicle, a stub axle, a chassis or a differential, by means of a coupling bell, said casing being able to be mounted around an axis or a hub, and configured to house the piston in an internal cavity.
[0067] In the same way that the system can comprise one or two pistons, it can also comprise one or two shells located on each side of the container discs located at the ends of the system.
[0069] In one embodiment, the system comprises an electric motor attached to the at least one housing, configured to drive a gear that is configured to move the piston in the axial direction, relative to the housing. In this way, said gear can move the piston in both directions of said axial direction.
[0071] In one embodiment, the gear comprises a toothed wheel connected to the motor and a pinion, meshed to the toothed wheel and assembled to the piston by means of an endless helical screw joint, housed in a tubular helical seat of the piston, where when the motor, the toothed wheel rotates the pinion and the latter, by means of the helical screw, produces the displacement in the axial direction of the piston.
[0073] In one embodiment, the device comprises a hose connected to the at least one casing by a second casing hole, configured to introduce a fluid into the inner cavity, displacing the piston in the axial direction. This configuration also requires a bleeder to allow fluid to evacuate from the interior cavity.
[0075] In one embodiment, the device comprises at least one first compression spring located between each container disk of the device, said first compression spring configured to exert a separation pressure between said container disks. Thus, in case the device comprised three container discs, there would be a first spring between each of them to separate them when no thrust load is exerted.
[0077] In the improved brake device each container disc comprises:
[0078] - a first access hole to the interior circuit; Y
[0079] - a second access hole to the interior circuit;
[0080] where the refrigerant fluid is configured to travel through the internal circuit accessing through the first hole and leaving through the second hole.
[0082] These holes are located on a perimeter surface of the container disc and comprise a transverse direction, so as not to interfere with the brake discs when braking occurs.
[0084] In one embodiment, the device comprises tubes that connect the first hole and the second hole of the container discs with a heat exchanger for the refrigerant fluid. These tubes preferably distribute the cooling liquid in parallel to the container discs.
[0086] In one embodiment, the device comprises at least one sensor in each of the container discs configured to measure the temperature of the cooling fluid. These sensors are preferably located in the first and second orifices, to measure the inlet and outlet temperature of the liquid to each of the container discs.
[0088] In one embodiment, at least one of the container discs comprises fixing means configured to fix said container disc rigidly to a frame. In this way, the fixing element of the brake device to the frame or chassis of the vehicle to which it is attached is the container disc, with the rest of the parts remaining floating, such as housings, brake discs and container discs that are missing. fixing means.
[0090] In another embodiment, both the housings and the container discs of the brake device are configured to be rigidly fixed to the frame, leaving only the brake discs floating.
[0092] In one embodiment, the at least one casing comprises a plurality of first through casing holes, arranged on an outer perimeter, and may be in lugs of said casing. Said first holes comprise the axial direction and the container discs each comprise a plurality of perimeter lugs, each comprising a through lug hole in axial direction.
[0094] In this embodiment, the brake device comprises a plurality of guide screws inserted, each one of them, in a first hole of the at least one casing, and in a lug hole of each of the container discs, regardless of the number of device container discs. That is, the container discs are located in parallel.
[0096] The guide screws are configured to guide the movement of said container discs in the axial direction of the shaft or hub, maintaining their orientation with respect to said shaft.
[0098] In a preferred embodiment, the device comprises a plurality of first compression springs mounted, each one concentrically, on each guide screw, said first compression springs located between each two contiguously arranged container discs, separated by a brake disc, said first compression springs configured to exert a separation pressure between said container discs.
[0100] In one embodiment, the support disk is made up of a casting comprising:
[0101] - a central disc through hole comprising the axial direction;
[0102] - a plurality of fins arranged on the perimeter of the central through hole; and - at least one sliding connection housing, located on the perimeter of the central hole, comprising the axial direction.
[0104] Said support disc formed by a casting part can comprise a cylindrical, regular or irregular polygonal shape, depending on the braking needs and the manufacturing conditions.
[0106] In a preferred embodiment, the device comprises at least one guide disk comprising:
[0107] - a central through-guide hole comprising the axial direction;
[0108] - at least one guide shaft located in a position eccentric to the central guide hole and comprising the axial direction;
[0109] where the guide disc is rigidly fixed to the shaft or hub, the shaft being able to pass through the central guide hole, and the guide disc assembled to a support disc in a sliding joint in the axial direction. In this way, the central guide hole is concentric to the central disc through hole and to the shaft or hub, and the sliding connection is due to the fact that at least one guide shaft is housed in the at least one housing of the support disc.
[0111] Preferably, the guide disk comprises six regularly positioned guide shafts, and the support disk comprises six housings to be inserted by said guide shafts. In one embodiment, the device comprises at least two second compression springs mounted concentrically, on each a guide shaft, where one of said two second compression springs is located between a first end of the guide shaft and the support disc and the other The second compression spring is located between the support disc and a second end of the guide shaft.
[0113] In this way, when no thrust load is exerted and the container discs are separated, the brake discs also comprise a separation in the axial direction of the containers that surround them, avoiding undesirable friction that can cause braking.
[0115] In one embodiment, the device comprises a hub rigidly assembled to the shaft and to at least one guide disc. This assembly is made from joints that pass through at least one hole in the guide disk comprising the axial direction and holes in the hub.
[0117] In one embodiment, each of the container discs are made up of a hollow circular cylinder, a cavity where the inner circuit is located, they are manufactured in a single piece, by casting, and comprise a central through container hole so that the shaft or the bushing can pass through them. Furthermore, the inner circuit comprises at least one inner wall configured so that the cooling liquid surrounds an entire inner perimeter of the disk, and the cooling is regular, with a more economical and simple manufacturing process.
[0119] In another embodiment, instead of being manufactured in a single piece, the container discs are made up of two assembled pieces. A cylinder with a housing open by one of its bases, manufactured in a single piece, by casting, comprising a section shaped like a
[0121] In one embodiment, at least one container disk and / or one of the housings comprised in the device are coupled to the shaft by means of a bearing, such as a bearing. Said bearing allows said elements to be supported on the shaft, transmitting the transverse loads, but without sharing the torsional rotation of the shaft, and guaranteeing its axial parallelism.
[0123] Another invention consists of the container disc, for a brake device, comprising a hollow circular cylinder manufactured in a single piece, by casting, and comprising:
[0124] - a central through hole comprising an axial direction;
[0125] - an internal circuit configured to house the passage of a fluid;
[0126] - a first access hole to the interior circuit;
[0127] - a second access hole to the interior circuit;
[0128] - at least one internal wall configured so that the inner circuit surrounds the entire inner perimeter of the disc; Y
[0129] - a plurality of perimeter lugs, each comprising a through lug hole in an axial direction.
[0131] In one embodiment of said container disk, the first and second access holes to the inner circuit are located in a different zone from the friction and thrust zone, preferably on the side or perimeter zone of the container disk, comprising a transverse direction.
[0133] Another invention consists of a brake disc for a brake device:
[0134] - a support disk made of a cast piece;
[0135] - a first lining rigidly assembled to a first flat surface of the support disk; Y
[0136] - a second lining rigidly assembled to a second flat surface of the support disk.
[0138] Said support disk formed by a casting part can comprise a cylindrical, regular or irregular polygonal shape, depending on the braking needs and the manufacturing conditions.
[0140] In one embodiment, said brake disc comprises:
[0141] - a central through hole comprising an axial direction;
[0142] - a plurality of fins arranged on the perimeter of the central through hole; and - at least one housing located on the perimeter of the central hole, comprising an axial direction.
[0144] Both the brake disc and the container disc described are configured to be used in the brake device described above in any of the embodiments.
[0146] The described invention of the braking device has a series of advantages over the invention contained in document ES2705358, which are described below:
[0147] - at least two container discs are used, instead of one, each manufactured in a single piece, instead of a container with two discs attached to the sides, which provides:
[0148] o greater cooling capacity;
[0149] o more homogeneous heat distribution in the two container discs; or decrease in torsional stress in each of the two container discs, in relation to the only container of document ES2705358; o fewer parts are required, which simplifies manufacturing, as well as assembly and disassembly; Y
[0150] or the amount of material to be used in the manufacturing process is reduced; - the brake disc is squeezed on both sides, which provides much higher friction and therefore greater braking capacity;
[0151] - allows a more efficient operation with a single brake disc by having ferodos on each side of the support disc;
[0152] - a more homogeneous compression of the brake pads is produced, as a caliper effect is generated on the brake disc;
[0153] - the flexion of the two pad support discs, which could lose parallelism with the container lid discs, disappears, thus solving this problem and guaranteeing the coefficient of friction when exerting high braking; - the system is compatible with an electric drive;
[0154] - The guide disc allows axial displacement of the brake disc while transmitting the rotation in an efficient way for the operation of the system. In addition, this axle disc is designed so that it can be coupled to any hub that exists in the vehicle market. Allows universal braking torque to be transferred to the drive shaft or hub; Y
[0155] - The support disk has fins that allow the generation of a turbine-like air flow in its rotation, which allows convection cooling of the installed iron, while at the same time driving the ferodo particles outwards.
[0157] Description of the figures
[0159] To complete the description and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, this specification is accompanied, as an integral part thereof, by a set of drawings where, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature, the following has been represented next:
[0161] • Figure 1a shows a perspective view of the first embodiment of the improved brake device object of the invention, where the first and second container disc are observed, with a brake disc between them and a single housing next to the first container disc .
[0162] • Figure 1b shows an elevation view of the first embodiment of the improved brake device object of the invention.
[0163] • Figure 1c shows a profile view of the first embodiment of the improved brake device object of the invention.
[0164] • Figure 2 shows an exploded perspective view of the first embodiment of the improved brake device object of the invention.
[0165] • Figure 3a shows a perspective view of a system for moving the piston with respect to the casing by means of a motor and a gear.
[0166] Figure 3b shows an elevation view of a system for moving the piston with respect to the housing by means of a motor and a gear.
[0167] Figure 3c shows a profile view of a system for moving the piston with respect to the housing by means of a motor and a gear.
[0168] Figure 4a shows a perspective view of the support disk, where the central through hole, a plurality of fins arranged on the perimeter of the central through hole and six housings located on the perimeter of the central hole are observed, comprising an axial direction.
[0169] Figure 4b shows an exploded perspective view of a brake disc with a guide disc, where it can be seen how each of the six guide shafts fit into a sliding joint in the six housings of the support disc.
[0170] Figure 4c shows a perspective view of the brake disc assembled to the guide disc, where it can be seen how each of the six guide shafts comprises two second compression springs located on each side of the support disc.
[0171] Figure 4d shows a brake disc where the support disc comprises a cross shape, one of the possible shapes that the support disc of the brake disc of the invention may comprise.
[0172] Figure 5a shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the improved brake device object of the invention, where the casing comprises a bearing to be coupled to the drive shaft and where the container disc comprises an assembled cast iron disc.
[0173] Figure 5b shows a sectioned profile view of an embodiment of the improved brake device that is the object of the invention, where the casing comprises a bearing, specifically a bearing, to be coupled to the drive shaft, and where the containing disc comprises a bearing disc. Assembled casting.
[0174] Figure 6 shows a perspective view of the first embodiment of the improved brake device object of the invention, where the casing connected to a coupling bell can be observed, and this to a differential.
[0175] Figure 7a shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the improved brake device comprising two housings, each located on an outer side of each container disc, that is, on the opposite side of contact with the brake disc .
[0176] Figure 7b shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the improved braking device comprising, in addition to two housings, each located at each side, as in the embodiment of Figure 7a, a third container disc located between the first and second container disc, and a second brake disc located between the second and third container disc.
[0178] Below is a list of the numerical references used in the figures represented:
[0180] 1. - housing
[0181] the . - first casing hole,
[0182] lb. - second casing hole
[0183] lc. - inner cavity
[0184] 1d - trap
[0185] 2. - piston,
[0186] 3. - first container disk,
[0187] 3a.- first hole of the first container disk,
[0188] 3b.- second hole of the first container disk,
[0189] 3c.- perimeter lug of the first container disk,
[0190] 3d.- lug hole of the first container disk,
[0191] 4. - second container disk,
[0192] 4a.- first hole of the second container disk,
[0193] 4b.- second hole of the second container disk,
[0194] 4c.- perimeter lug of the second container disk,
[0195] 4d.- lug hole of the second container disk,
[0196] 5. - support disc,
[0197] 5th.- first ferodo,
[0198] 5b.- second ferodo,
[0199] 5c.- accommodation
[0200] 5d.- fins
[0201] 5e.- central disc through hole
[0202] 6. - tubes,
[0203] 7. - guide disc,
[0204] 7a.- guide shafts,
[0205] 7b.- drill,
[0206] 7c.- central guide hole,
[0207] 8. - first compression spring
[0208] 9. - guide screw,
[0209] 10. - nut,
[0210] 11. - bushing,
[0211] 12. - third container disk
[0212] 12a.- first hole of the third container disk,
[0213] 12b.- second hole of the third container disk,
[0214] 12c.- perimeter lug of the third container disk,
[0215] 12d.- lug hole of the third container disk,
[0216] 13. - cast iron disc
[0217] 20. - motor,
[0218] 21. - gear wheel,
[0219] 22. - pinion,
[0220] 23. - second compression spring, and
[0221] 100.- axis.
[0223] Preferred description of the invention
[0225] As can be seen in Figures 1a-1c and in Figure 2, the preferred invention, in its simplest embodiment, consists of a braking device comprising a first brake disc which in turn comprises a support disc (5) cylindrical, of reduced thickness compared to its diameter, which has a first (5a) and a second lining (5b) fixed to each side, said ferodos (5a, 5b) being a plurality of brake pads.
[0227] This first brake disc is assembled to a shaft (100), through a hub (11), sharing the torsional rotation, but comprises a sliding joint in axial displacement on the shaft (100) so that said first brake disc have the ability to move in that direction, in both directions.
[0229] This assembly of the first brake disc with the shaft (100), which allows axial displacement at the same time as the joint rotation with the shaft (100), is due to the configuration of the first brake disc itself and the presence of a disc guide (7), shown in figure 4b.
[0231] As can be seen in figure 4a, the support disc (5) of the first brake disc comprises a central through hole of the disc (5e), concentric to the support disc itself (5), where the shaft (100) is inserted. A plurality of fins (5d) are located on the perimeter of said central through hole of disk (5e) that facilitate the cooling of the support disk (5) and of the set of ferodos (5a and 5b), when it is rotating, and six housings (5c) located in a regular way between said fins (5d), comprising a cylindrical shape with the same axial direction as the central disk through hole (5e).
[0233] On the other hand, the guide disc (7) comprises a central guide hole (7c), also being traversed by the shaft (100), and therefore concentric to the central through hole of the disc (5e), and six guide shafts (7a), consisting of six cylindrical projections oriented in the axial direction, arranged in a regular manner on the outer perimeter of the guide disk (7). The six guide shafts (7a) are inserted in the six housings (5c), with a clearance that only allows the axial displacement of the first brake disc with respect to said guide disc (7), in such a way that the support disc (5) and the guide disc (7) collaborate together to transfer the braking effect of the ferodos (5a) and (5b) to the rotating shaft and / or hub.
[0235] The guide disk (7) is rigidly assembled to the shaft (100) by means of a bushing (11), to which it is connected by means of five bolted connections that go through other respective five holes (7b) of the guide disk (7) and the bushing (11) .
[0237] On each side of the first brake disc, the device comprises two equal container discs (3, 4). The first container disk (3) located next to the first lining (5a) and the second container disk (4) located next to the second lining (5b).
[0239] The operation of the device consists in that, with the shaft (100) and the first brake disc rotating jointly, the container discs (3, 4) are immobile and separated a small distance from each of the ferodos (5a, 5b); so that, when it is desired to brake said first brake disc, the first container (3) moves in an axial direction towards the first brake lining (5a) producing a contact, and therefore a friction. If the first container disk (3) continues to exert a thrust load on the first brake disk (5a) that moves the first brake disk in the same axial direction until the second container disk (5b) contacts the second container disk (4) and a second friction occurs on both sides of the first brake disc, generating a caliper effect and producing the braking torque on the brake disc.
[0240] So that the container discs (3, 4) do not overheat and cause crystallization problems in the brake pads of the ferodos (5a, 5b), they have a cooling system. Said system comprises an internal circuit, for each one of them, through which a cooling liquid flows that enters through a first hole of the first container disk (3a) and through a first hole of the second container disk (4a) and is extracted by a second hole of the first container disk (3b) and through a second hole of the second container disk (4b).
[0242] Said cooling liquid is led by tubes (6) connected to the first (3a, 4a) and to the second orifices (3b, 4b) to a heat exchanger, where the liquid reduces its temperature, and is recirculated again to the discs containers (3, 4).
[0244] Figure 2 also shows a piston (2) located next to the first container disc (3) on the opposite side to that where the first brake disc is located. This piston (2) is the one that generates the displacement of said first container disk (3) in an axial direction towards the first lining (5a).
[0246] The piston (2) is housed in an open interior cavity (1c) of a casing (1), which is located, on one side of the piston (2), and concentrically both to the container discs (3, 4) and to the brake disc.
[0248] In a preferred embodiment, said casing (1) comprises a second casing hole (1b), located on the opposite side from where the inner cavity (1c) is located, connected to a hose, which has the ability to introduce a fluid in the inner cavity (1c), moving the piston (2) in the axial direction, causing the consequent displacement of the first container disc (3) towards the first brake disc. Figures 5a and 5b also show a drain (1d) that allows said fluid to exit the interior cavity (1c).
[0250] In another embodiment, shown in Figures 3a-3c, the axial displacement of the piston (2) with respect to the casing (1) is carried out by means of a gear system and an electric motor (20) assembled to the casing (1).
[0252] Said motor (20) drives a toothed wheel (21) that is meshed with a pinion (22) which is connected to the piston (2) by means of a worm helical screw connection. This Thus, when the motor (20) is activated, it moves the toothed wheel (21) which transmits the movement to the pinion (22) and when it is rotated, the piston (2) moves axially in any direction, depending on the direction of the rotation of the motor (20).
[0254] Once the first container disc (3) and the first brake disc have been displaced, the first (5a) and second brake disc (5b) contacting the container discs (3, 4), producing the compression that brakes the brake disc, and the thrust load is removed, the container discs (3, 4) recover their initial position, separating from the brake disc. Said recovery movement is performed by six first compression springs (8) arranged between the container discs (3, 4), mounted on other respective six guide screws (9).
[0256] In order for the brake disc to separate from the surrounding container discs (3, 4, 12), when no thrust pressure is being exerted, the device comprises 12 second springs (23), mounted on the six guide shafts ( 7a), so six of said second compression springs (23) are located between a first end of each guide shaft (7a) and the support disc (5) and the other second compression springs (23) are located between the disc support (5) and a second end of each guide shaft (7a).
[0258] The guide screws (9) are assembled to the casing (1), each one of them being inserted in respective first casing holes (1a), to the first container disc (3), being inserted in respective lug holes of the first container disk (3d), located in respective perimeter lugs of the first container disk (3c), and to the second container disk (4), being inserted in respective lug holes of the second container disk (4d), located in some respective perimeter lugs of the second container disk (4c), tightened, each screw (9) by a corresponding nut (10).
[0260] In a non-preferred embodiment, shown in figure 7a, the device comprises two housings (1), each located on the outer sides of the first (3) and the second container disk (4), that is, on the opposite side where the brake discs meet with respect to the container discs (3, 4).
[0262] Each of the shells (1) comprises a piston (2) housed in the interior cavities (1c) of said shells (1) that are configured to exert a load, each of them They, on the container discs (3, 4), moving them in an axial compression movement, so that a tightening is generated on the two ferodos (5a, 5b) at the same time, without the axial movement of the brake disc being required with respect to the axis (100).
[0264] Once it is desired to remove the tightening load, the fluid is withdrawn from the interior cavity (1c), and the first springs (8) exert a separation load between the two container discs (3, 4), recovering these their position initial.
[0266] In another non-preferred embodiment, shown in figure 7b, the system comprises a third container disk (12) located between the first (3) and the second container disk (4). This third container disk (12) is the same as the other two container disks (3, 4) so it comprises a first hole of the third container disk (12a), through which the cooling fluid is introduced, a second hole of the third disk container (12b), through which six perimeter lugs of the third container disk (12c) are extracted, each comprising a lug hole of the third container disk (12d). Said holes (12d) are fitted to the guide screws (9), in the same way as are, in the preferred embodiment, the first (3) and the second container disc (4). Furthermore, between each container disk (3, 4, 12) the device comprises six first compression springs (8), not shown in figure 7b, mounted on guide screws (9).
[0268] In this embodiment, the system also comprises a second brake disc located between the third (12) and the second container disc (4), said second brake disc being the same as the first brake disc, comprising the same characteristics.
[0270] This embodiment works in such a way that the pistons (2) located in the casings (1), together with the first (3) and the second container disk (4), axially displace said containers (3, 4) in a compression direction, displacing the first and second brake discs towards the third container disc (12), producing a double friction of each brake disc with the three container discs (3, 4, 12). In this way, the friction surface is much greater and the braking of the system is more efficient.
[0272] In the embodiment shown in Figures 1a-1c, 2, 7a-7b, the container discs (3, 4, 12) are manufactured in a single piece or mono-block, while in the embodiment shown in Figures 5a-5b and 6, said container discs (3, 4, 12) are manufactured from two assembled parts: a cylinder with a housing open by one of its bases and a casting disc (13) assembled by the open base.
[0274] The present invention should not be limited to the embodiment described herein. Other configurations can be made by those skilled in the art in light of the present description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is defined by the following claims.

权利要求:
Claims (28)
[1]
1. - Improved brake device, to be installed on a drive shaft (100), characterized in that it comprises:
- a first brake disc comprising:
- a support disk (5) assembled to the shaft (100), configured to share the rotation with said shaft (100) and to move in an axial direction with respect to the shaft (100);
- a first lining (5a) rigidly assembled to a first surface of the support disk (5); Y
- a second lining (5b) rigidly assembled to a second surface of the support disk (5);
- a first container disk (3), configured to move only in the axial direction of said axis (100); Y
- a second container disk (4) configured to move only in the axial direction of said axis (100);
wherein the first brake disc is located between the first container disc (3) and the second container disc (4);
wherein the first container disc (3) is configured to move in the axial direction towards the first lining (5a) of the first brake disc;
where the first container disc (3) is configured to exert a thrust pressure on the first lining (5a) in the axial direction, displacing the first brake disc with respect to the axis (100); Y
where each container disk (3, 4) comprises an internal circuit configured to house the passage of a cooling fluid configured to cool it.
[2]
2. - Improved brake device, according to the preceding claim, where the second container disk (4) is configured to move in the axial direction, towards the second lining (5b) of the first brake disk, exerting a thrust pressure on said second brake (5b), and to move said first brake disc with respect to the axis (100) towards the first container disc (3).
[3]
3. - Improved brake device, claim 1, comprising:
- a third container disc (12) located between the first brake disc and the second container disc (4) configured to move only in the axial direction of said axis (100); Y
- a second brake disc, integrally assembled to the shaft (100), configured to move in the axial direction with respect to said shaft (100), located between the second (4) and the third container disc (12).
[4]
4. - Improved brake device, according to the preceding claim, wherein the second container disc (4) is configured to move in the axial direction, towards the second brake disc (5b) of the second brake disc, exerting a thrust pressure on said second brake (5b), and move said second brake disc with respect to the axis (100) towards the third container disc (12).
[5]
5. - Improved brake device according to any of the preceding claims, comprising at least one piston (2) configured to generate a thrust load on a container disc (3, 4) located on one of the sides of the device brake, moving said container disc (3, 4) in the axial direction along the shaft (100).
[6]
6. - Improved brake device according to the preceding claim, comprising at least one fixed housing (1), configured to be rigidly fixed to a frame, and to house the piston (2) in an internal cavity (1c).
[7]
7. - Improved brake device according to the preceding claim, comprising an electric motor (20) fixed to the at least one casing (1), configured to drive a gear that is configured to move the piston (2) in the direction axial, with respect to the casing (1).
[8]
8. - Improved brake device according to the preceding claim, wherein the gear comprises a gear wheel (21) connected to the motor (20) and a pinion (22), meshed with the gear wheel (21) and assembled to the piston (2 ) by means of an endless helical screw joint; where when driving the motor (20), the toothed wheel (21) rotates the pinion (22) and this causes the displacement in the axial direction of the piston (2).
[9]
9. - Improved brake device according to any of claims 1 to 6, comprising a hose connected to the at least one casing (1) by a second hole casing (1b), configured to introduce a fluid into the inner cavity (1c), moving the piston (2) in the axial direction.
[10]
10. - Improved brake device according to any of the preceding claims, comprising at least one first compression spring (8) located between each container disk (3, 4, 12) of the device, configured said first compression spring ( 8) to exert a separation pressure between said container discs (3, 4, 12).
[11]
11. - Improved brake device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein each container disc (3, 4, 12) comprises:
- a first hole (3a, 4a, 12a) for accessing the internal circuit; Y
- a second hole (3b, 4b, 12b) for accessing the internal circuit;
where the refrigerant fluid is configured to travel through the internal circuit, accessing through the first hole (3a, 4a, 12a) and exiting through the second hole (3b, 4b, 12b).
[12]
12. - Improved brake device according to the preceding claim, comprising tubes (6) that connect the first hole (3a, 4a, 12a) and the second hole (3b, 4b, 12b) of the container discs (3, 4, 12) with a refrigerant fluid heat exchanger.
[13]
13. - Improved brake device according to any of the preceding claims, comprising at least one sensor in each of the container discs (3, 4, 12) configured to measure the temperature of the cooling fluid.
[14]
14. - Improved brake device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the container discs (3, 4, 12) comprises fixing means configured to fix said container disc (3, 4, 12) rigidly to a rack.
[15]
15. - Improved brake device, according to any of the preceding claims, where:
- the at least one casing (1) comprises a plurality of first through casing holes (1a), arranged on an outer perimeter, and comprising the axial direction; Y
- the container discs (3, 4, 12) each comprise a plurality of perimeter lugs (3c, 4c, 12c), each comprising a lug hole (3d, 4d, 12d) through in axial direction;
where the brake device comprises a plurality of guide screws (9) inserted, each one of them, in a first hole of the at least one casing (1a), and in a hole of lugs (3d, 4d, 12d) of each one of the container discs (3, 4, 12) of the device, where said guide screws (9) are configured to guide the movement of said container discs (3, 4, 12) in the axial direction of the shaft (100).
[16]
16. - Improved brake device according to the preceding claim, comprising a plurality of first compression springs (8) mounted, each one concentrically, on each guide screw (9), said first compression springs located (8) between each two container discs (3, 4, 12), arranged contiguously, separated by a brake disc, said first compression springs (8) configured to exert a separation pressure between said container discs (3, 4, 12).
[17]
17. - Improved brake device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the support disk (5) is made up of a cast piece comprising:
- a central disk through hole (5e) comprising the axial direction;
- a plurality of fins (5d) arranged on the perimeter of the central disk through hole (5e); Y
- at least one housing (5c) for sliding connection, located on the perimeter of the central hole, comprising the axial direction.
[18]
18. - Improved brake device according to the preceding claim, comprising at least one guide disc (7) comprising:
- a central through guide hole (7c) comprising the axial direction;
- at least one guide shaft (7a) located in a position eccentric to the central guide hole (7c) and comprising the axial direction;
where the guide disk (7) is rigidly fixed to the shaft (100) and is assembled to a support disk (5) in a sliding joint in axial direction, the central guide hole (7c) being concentric to the central disk through hole ( 5e); Y
where the at least one guide shaft (7a) is configured to be housed in the at least one housing (5c) of the support disk (5).
[19]
19. - Improved brake device, according to the preceding claim, comprising at least two second compression springs (23) mounted concentrically, on each a guide shaft (7a), where one of said two second compression springs (23 ) is located between a first end of the guide shaft (7a) and the support disc (5) and the other second compression spring (23) is located between a support disc (5) and a second end of the guide shaft (7a).
[20]
20. - Improved brake device according to the preceding claim, comprising a hub (11) rigidly assembled to the shaft (100) and to at least one guide disk (7).
[21]
21. - Improved brake device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein each of the container discs (3, 4, 12), is made up of a hollow cylinder manufactured in a single piece, by casting, and comprises a central hole of container, through, and at least one internal wall configured so that the interior circuit surrounds an entire interior perimeter of the container disk.
[22]
22. - Improved brake device according to any of claims 1 to 20, where each of the container discs (3, 4, 12) is made up of a cylinder with a housing open by one of its bases, manufactured in a single piece, by casting, comprising a section shaped like a
[23]
23. - Improved brake device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the components selected within the group consisting of a container disk (3, 4, 12) and the at least one casing (1), are coupled to the shaft (100) by a bearing.
[24]
24. - Container disc (3, 4, 12) for a brake device characterized in that it comprises a hollow circular cylinder manufactured in a single piece, by casting, and comprises:
- a central through hole comprising an axial direction;
- an internal circuit configured to house the passage of a fluid;
- a first hole (3a, 4a, 12a) for accessing the internal circuit;
- a second hole (3b, 4b, 12b) for accessing the internal circuit;
- at least one internal wall configured so that the interior circuit surrounds an entire interior perimeter of the container disk; Y
- a plurality of perimeter lugs (3c, 4c, 12c), each comprising a lug hole (3d, 4d, 12d) through in an axial direction.
[25]
25. - Container disk (3, 4, 12), according to the previous claim, where the first (3a, 4a, 12a) and the second hole (3b, 4b, 12b) for access to the interior circuit are located on a perimeter surface of the container disk and comprise a transverse direction.
[26]
26. - Container disk (3, 4, 12) according to any of claims 24 or 25, comprising fixing means configured to fix said container disk (3, 4, 12) rigidly to a frame.
[27]
27. - Brake disc for a braking device characterized by comprising:
- a support disk (5) formed by a cast piece;
- a first lining (5a) rigidly assembled to a first flat surface of the support disk (5); Y
- a second lining (5b) rigidly assembled to a second flat surface of the support disk (5).
[28]
28. - Brake disc, according to the preceding claim, wherein the support disc (5) comprises:
- a central through hole (5e) comprising an axial direction;
- a plurality of fins (5d) arranged on the perimeter of the central through hole; Y
- at least one housing (5c) located on the perimeter of the central hole, comprising an axial direction.

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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ES2792148B2|2021-10-18|

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WO2021156529A1|2021-08-12|

引用文献:

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US20190360541A1|2018-05-23|2019-11-28|General Electric Company|Additively Manufactured Brake Rotor|ES2886671A1|2021-10-20|2021-12-20|Brl Brake Solutions S L|BRAKE DEVICE|

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2020-11-10| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2792148 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20201110 |

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优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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ES202030101A|ES2792148B2|2020-02-07|2020-02-07|IMPROVED BRAKING DEVICE|ES202030101A| ES2792148B2|2020-02-07|2020-02-07|IMPROVED BRAKING DEVICE|

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PCT/ES2021/070058| WO2021156529A1|2020-02-07|2021-01-27|Brake device|