• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Discharge valve configured to regulate the pressure difference between a fluid that occupies a first space (201) and a fluid that occupies a second space (202), at least a part of the body of the valve being immersed in the first space (201), where the valve comprises inside a piston (116) coupled to a spring (119), and where one side of said piston (116) is in contact with the fluid that occupies the first space (201) and another side of the The piston (116) is in contact with the fluid that occupies the second space (202), so that before a change in the pressure difference on one side of the piston (116) and the other, the resulting force pushes the piston (116) that pulls the spring (119) opening the valve, and when the pressure difference returns to its original value, the spring (119) pulls the piston (116), closing the valve again. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2785105A1
    申请号:ES201900052
    申请日:2019-04-01
    公开日:2020-10-05
    发明作者:Carnero Manuel Gustavo Rodriguez；Martinez Roberto Palacios
    申请人:Altran Innovacion SL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0002] Discharge valve
    [0004] Object of the invention
    [0006] The subject of the present invention is a spring-actuated discharge valve, which allows automatic pressure regulation inside a chamber comprising a fluid.
    [0008] The discharge valve object of the present invention has special application in the aeronautical industry, more specifically in the field of aerostatic devices such as airships.
    [0010] Background of the invention and technical problem to be solved
    [0012] At present, there is a growing interest in using aerostatic devices, and more specifically, high altitude airships, to support telecommunications networks and earth observation services.
    [0014] High altitude airships, also sometimes called pseudo-satellites or HAP's (from the English "High Altitude Platforms"), although they cannot replace artificial satellites, they can complement the latter, being more versatile, maneuverable and less cost than satellites.
    [0016] High altitude airships work at altitudes at the level of the stratosphere (typically between 17 km and 22 km), where the phenomenon of superheating changes the interior pressure abruptly, which can cause a serious danger by putting at risk the structural integrity of the airship.
    [0018] In traditional airships (which circulate at a much lower altitude than that of high altitude airships), the internal pressure regulation was done through the use of compensating balloons with safety valves. However, the performance of these systems is too slow and does not allow rapid balancing without incurring a significant increase in internal pressure, which can be critical in high altitude airships.
    [0020] This is why it is necessary to have fast-acting valves that allow a rapid balance of the internal pressure of an airship in these circumstances.
    [0022] Description of the invention
    [0024] In order to solve the aforementioned drawbacks, the present invention refers to a relief valve that allows rapid regulation of the internal pressure of a high altitude airship.
    [0026] The discharge valve object of the present invention is configured to regulate the pressure difference between a fluid that occupies a first space (typically inside the pressurized gas chamber of an airship) and a fluid that occupies a second space (typically low pressure air at stratospheric altitudes).
    [0027] The first space is separated from the second space by a fluid-impermeable separation surface (typically the cloth or canvas with which the airship's pressurized gas chamber is delimited).
    [0028] The valve is configured to engage said separation surface, with at least a part of the valve body remaining immersed in the first space.
    [0029] The valve comprises a housing, with a first part (typically a first half) that houses a first chamber inside, and with a second part (typically a second half) that houses a second chamber inside.
    [0030] Both parts of the housing can form a single body or, preferably, they can form two separable and engagable bodies by means of the corresponding fixings. The first chamber and the second chamber are separated by a partition, the first chamber being delimited by the partition, by a first cover and by a first side wall of the first part of the housing.
    [0031] The first lid and the first side wall separate the first chamber from the first space (eg from the airship pressure gas chamber).
    [0032] The first chamber comprises a piston that hermetically separates:
    [0034] or a volume of the first chamber in contact with the second space through at least one first window;
    [0035] of,
    [0037] or a volume of the first chamber in contact with the first space through at least one first opening.
    [0038] The second chamber comprises a "second cap body", mechanically coupled to the piston.
    [0039] Said "second cover body" hermetically separates:
    [0041] or a volume of the second chamber in contact with the second space through at least one second window;
    [0042] of,
    [0044] or at least one second opening that communicates the first space with the second chamber.
    [0045] The mechanical coupling between the piston and the "second cover body" is carried out by means of a shaft that passes through the partition so that the shaft can slide through the partition maintaining a tight separation between the first chamber and the second chamber.
    [0046] The shaft has a hollow interior volume in contact with the second space.
    [0047] The at least one first window and the at least one second window are made on a lateral surface of the shaft.
    [0048] In operation, the valve comprises two positions:
    [0049] a first closed position in which the at least one second opening is fully obstructed by the "second cap body", and;
    [0051] or a second position in which the "second cover body" leaves open at least a part of the at least one second opening, thus leaving the first space in fluid communication with the second space through the second chamber.
    [0052] The valve comprises a spring mechanically coupled to the assembly formed by: piston, shaft and "second cover body", so that:
    [0054] or when the spring is in its most relaxed position (although it is still under tension, as we will see later), the spring forces the valve to work in its first closed position, and;
    [0056] or when the pressure in the fluid of the first space increases with respect to the pressure in the fluid of the second space, the piston pulls the axis and the "second cap body", stretching the spring, and forcing the valve to work in its second position.
    [0057] Preferably, the spring is preconfigured to work in an elastic region of its elasticity curve close to the elastic limit of the material that makes up the spring. Typically, the spring tension when the valve is in its second position should be less than or equal to the elastic limit. With the valve in its second position, the spring tension should be at most 1.5 times the spring tension when the valve is in its first position.
    [0058] This is why the spring is always under tension, and it is because of this characteristic work area that, in the event of a slight variation in the pressure difference between the first space and the second space, the spring quickly deforms, causing the valve operates according to an "all-or-nothing" dynamic, rapidly releasing pressure from the first space when the pressure difference with the second space exceeds a predetermined threshold.
    [0059] Preferably, the spring is located in the hollow space inside the shaft.
    [0060] Also preferably, the shaft passes through the first cover through a first hole, there being a seal in said first hole, so that the shaft can slide through the first cover while maintaining the tightness of the first cover.
    [0061] The "second cap body" includes, according to the most preferred embodiment: the second cap, a sleeve, and a perforated stock.
    [0062] The second cover and the cylinder head each have sealing gaskets for their tight sliding with respect to a second side wall of the second part of the housing. In this way, in the first closed position of the valve, the at least one second opening faces the liner, between the second cover and the cylinder head.
    [0063] According to a preferred embodiment, the spring has:
    [0065] or a first terminal by means of which it is anchored to a first anchor located in a cover located at a first end of the shaft.
    [0067] or a second terminal by means of which it is anchored to a second anchor fixed to the second part of the casing.
    [0068] According to the most preferred embodiment of the valve, the first part of the casing comprises:
    [0070] or a first rim to which the first cap is attached, and;
    [0072] or a second flange to which the septum is attached.
    [0073] Also, according to the most preferred embodiment, the second part of the casing comprises:
    [0075] or a third flange to which the partition is attached, and;
    [0077] or a fourth flange.
    [0078] According to a possible embodiment of the discharge valve, the fourth flange is configured for fixing to the separation surface between the first space and the second space. That is, said fourth flange can incorporate anchoring or fixing points to a canvas, fabric or rigid wall that separates the first space from the second space.
    [0079] Likewise, according to a possible embodiment of the valve, the second anchor of the spring is fixed to the fourth flange.
    [0080] Preferably, the at least one first opening is located in the first side wall of the first housing part.
    [0081] Similarly, the at least one second opening is preferably located in the second side wall of the second part of the housing.
    [0082] According to the most preferred embodiment, the relief valve incorporates a plurality of first openings and second openings.
    [0083] Also, according to a preferred embodiment, the relief valve incorporates a plurality of first windows and second windows on the lateral surface of the shaft.
    [0084] Brief description of the figures
    [0085] As part of the explanation of at least one embodiment of the invention, the following figures have been included.
    [0086] Figure 1: Shows a perspective view of a possible embodiment of the discharge valve.
    [0087] Figure 2: Shows a schematic exploded view of the elements that make up the discharge valve of Figure 1.
    [0088] Figure 3: Shows a schematic sectional view of the valve of Figure 1, where the valve is in the closed position.
    [0089] Figure 4: Shows a schematic view of the valve of Figure 1, where the valve is in the open position.
    [0090] Detailed description
    [0091] The present invention relates, as mentioned above, to a discharge valve, of special application in aerostatic devices, and more particularly, in high altitude airships.
    [0092] As shown in the Figures, the valve comprises a housing (100).
    [0093] Preferably, the casing (100) is divided into two parts (preferably of the same height), comprising a first part (101) and a second part (102).
    [0094] The first part (101) of the housing (100) comprises a first side wall (101a), a first flange (101b) and a second flange (101c). On the other hand, the second part (102) of the housing (100) comprises a second side wall (102a), a third flange (102b) and a fourth flange (102c).
    [0095] The valve comprises (see Figure 3) a first chamber (103) or action chamber, the first chamber (103) being delimited by:
    [0096] - the first side wall (101a) of the first part (101) of the casing (100);
    [0097] - a first cover (105) coupled to the first flange (101b) of the first part (101) of the housing (100), and;
    [0098] - a partition (106) coupled to the second flange (101c) of the first part (101) of the casing (100) and coupled to the third flange (102a) of the second part (102) of the casing (100).
    [0099] The valve comprises a second chamber (104) or discharge chamber, the second chamber (104) being delimited by:
    [0100] - the second side wall (102a) of the second part (102) of the casing (100);
    [0101] - the partition (106), and;
    [0102] - a plane in which the fourth flange (102c) of the second part (102) of the casing (100) is located.
    [0103] The second part (102) of the casing (100) lacks a cover on the fourth rim (102c) that closes the second chamber (104).
    [0104] The first side wall (101a) of the first part (101) of the casing (100) comprises first openings (107) that communicate the exterior of the valve with the first chamber (103). Preferably, the first openings (107) are located in proximity to the second rim (101c) of the first part (101) of the housing (100).
    [0105] The second side wall (102a) of the second part (102) of the casing (100) comprises second openings (108) that communicate the exterior of the valve with the second chamber (104). Preferably, the second openings (108) are located in proximity to the fourth rim (102c) of the second part (102) of the housing (100).
    [0107] The valve comprises a hollow shaft (109). The first cover (105) comprises a first hole (110) and the partition (106) comprises a second hole (111), both holes (110, 111) being configured to pass through the shaft (109). A first end (112) of the shaft (109) protrudes from the first cap (105). On the other hand, a second end (113) of the shaft (109) protrudes from the partition (106) and is located inside the second chamber (104).
    [0108] The second end (113) of the shaft (109) is open, giving way to the hollow space inside the shaft (109).
    [0110] In correspondence with the second end (113), the shaft (109) has a second cover (114) attached. This second cover (114) comprises a third hole (115), to leave open the interior hollow space of the shaft (109). Thus, the second cover (114) extends between the side surface of the shaft (109) and the second side wall (102a) of the second part (102) of the housing (100).
    [0112] In the third hole (115), the coupling of the second cover (114) with the shaft (109) is tight, so that the passage of any fluid between the second cover (114) and the lateral surface of the shaft ( 109).
    [0114] The first hole (110) and the second hole (111) each have watertight joints with the shaft (109), so that they allow the sliding of the shaft (109) but not the passage of fluids through the first hole (110) between the first cover (105) and the lateral surface of the shaft (109) and through the second hole (111) between the partition (106) and the lateral surface of the shaft
    [0115] (109).
    [0117] A piston (116) is coupled to the shaft (109), at an intermediate point of the shaft (109). Said piston (116) is located inside the first chamber (103). The coupling of the piston (116) with the shaft (109) is sealed, so that it does not allow the passage of fluids through said coupling between the piston (116) and the lateral surface of the shaft (109).
    [0119] Between the piston (116) and the first side wall (101a) of the first part (101) of the casing (100) there is a seal, so that the piston (116) can slide along the first wall side (101a) of the first part (101) of the casing (100) (that is, along the inner wall of the first chamber (103), without allowing the passage of fluids between the piston (116) and the casing (100).
    [0121] Similarly, between the second cover (114) and the second side wall (102a) of the second part (102) of the casing (100) there is a seal, so that the second cover (114) can slide along the second side wall (102a) of the second part (102) of the housing (100) (that is, along the inner wall of the second chamber (104), without allowing the passage of fluids between the second cover (114) and housing (100).
    [0123] In proximity to the piston (116), the shaft (109) has first windows (117) or holes. These first windows (117) are located inside the first chamber (103), between the piston (116) and the first cover (105).
    [0124] In proximity to the second end (113), the shaft (109) has second windows (118) or holes. These second windows (118) are located inside the second chamber (104), between the second cover (114) and the partition (106).
    [0125] The first windows (117) and the second windows (118) communicate the interior hollow space of the shaft (109) respectively with the first chamber (103) and the second chamber (104). The valve comprises a spring (119) with a first terminal (120) and a second terminal (121). Each terminal (120,121) of the spring (119) comprises a hook, to hook the spring (119) to anchors (122, 123).
    [0126] The spring (119) is located in the inner hollow space of the shaft (109).
    [0127] The first end (120) of the spring (119) is configured to be anchored to a first anchor (122) located in correspondence with the first end (112) of the shaft (109). Preferably, said first anchor (122) is located in a cover that closes the shaft (109) at its first end (112).
    [0128] The second terminal (121) of the spring (119) is configured to be anchored to a second anchor (123) located in correspondence with the plane in which the fourth flange (102c) of the second part (102) of the casing ( 100). Said second anchor (123) is preferably fixed to said fourth flange (102c), and according to one embodiment, it has a bar-shaped geometry (see Figure 2).
    [0129] According to a preferred embodiment (shown in the Figures), the second cover (114) forms a body with a sleeve (124) and a perforated butt (125), the entire body being comprised inside the second chamber (104 ). Both the sleeve (124) and the cylinder head (125) can slide with respect to the second side wall (102a) of the second part (102) of the housing (100). Also preferably, the sleeve (124) can maintain a certain clearance with respect to the second side wall (102a) of the second part (102) of the housing (100).
    [0130] In an analogous way to that mentioned for the second cover (114) and for the piston (116), between the cylinder head (125) and the second side wall (102a) of the second part (102) of the casing (100) there is also a sealing gasket, so that the cylinder head (125) does not allow the passage of fluids between said cylinder head (125) and the second side wall (102a) of the second part (102) of the casing (100).
    [0131] The valve has an elongated geometry, of the prismatic or cylindrical type (a cylindrical geometry is shown in the Figures).
    [0132] The valve is configured to regulate the discharge of a fluid comprised in a first space (201), located in a radial direction outward from the valve, towards a second space (202), located in an axial direction, from the plane containing the fourth. lip (102c) out of the valve.
    [0133] In operation, the valve has two positions.
    [0134] In a first position, the valve is closed (see Figure 3), and the second cover (114) is located in the plane of the fourth flange (102c) of the second part (102) of the housing (100). The sleeve (124) is obstructing the second openings (108) and, Due to the tight closure between the second cover (114) and the second side wall (102a) of the second part (102) of the casing (100), the passage of fluid through the second openings (108) is not allowed, from the first space (201) to the second space (202).
    [0135] In the second position, the valve is open (see Figure 4), the second cover (114) is located inside the second chamber (104), closer to the partition (106). The sleeve (124) and the second cover (114) no longer obstruct the passage of fluid through the second openings (108), from the first space (201) to the second space (202).
    [0136] In both the first and second positions, the passage of fluid is allowed from the first space, through the first openings (107), into the first chamber (103), between the piston (116) and the septum (106).
    [0137] Likewise, both in the first and second positions of the valve, the passage of fluid is allowed from the second space (202), through the opening in the second end (113) of the shaft (109) and through the internal hollow space of the shaft (109), towards:
    [0138] - the space of the first chamber (103) comprised between the first cover (105) and the piston (116), through the first windows (117);
    [0139] - the space of the second chamber (104) comprised between the second cover (114) and the partition (106), through the second windows (118).
    [0140] Therefore, in any of the two positions of the valve, the first windows (117) are always located between the piston (116) and the first cover (105).
    [0141] Likewise, in either of the two positions the second windows (118) are always located between the second cover (114) and the partition (106).
    [0142] Thus, the space of the first chamber (103) between the piston (116) and the first cover (105) always contains fluid (depressurized) that is in contact with the second space (202) and is therefore under pressure. existing in said second space (202).
    [0143] On the contrary, the space of the first chamber (103) comprised between the piston (116) and the partition (106) always contains (pressurized) fluid that is in contact with the first space (201) and is therefore under pressure existing in said first space (201).
    [0144] By means of the device described, when a variation of the pressure conditions occurs that causes the difference in pressure between the first space (201) and the second space (202) to increase (for example, by an increase in pressure in the fluid occupying the first space (201), a resultant force is produced on the piston (116) that causes the piston (116) to move towards the first cover (105). This movement produces the movement of the shaft (109) that pulls the second cover (114), which moves towards the partition (106), leaving open the passage of fluid through the second openings (108), from the first space (201) towards the second space (202 This movement of the shaft in turn produces a stretching of the spring (119).
    [0145] When the release of fluid from the first space (201) into the second space (202) causes the pressure in the first space to drop below an equilibrium threshold, the spring (119) contracts, pulling the shaft (109) again. and the second cover (114), which again obstructs the second openings (108).
    [0146] The spring (119) is calibrated to always work in a zone of elasticity close to the elastic limit of the material used to manufacture said spring (119), so that the spring (119) expands and contracts rapidly in the event of a slight variation in the tension applied to it.
    [0148] The valve is configured to secure a web (eg, tarp) to the fourth rim (102c). Said laminar element (represented by a broken line in Figure 3 and Figure 4) must be impermeable to the passage of fluid. This laminar element delimits (together with the valve itself) the first space (201) and the second space (202).
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    Discharge valve configured to regulate the pressure difference between a fluid that occupies a first space (201) and a fluid that occupies a second space (202), where the first space (201) is separated from the second space (202) by a separation surface impervious to the passage of fluids, and where the valve is coupled to said separation surface, at least a part of the valve body being immersed in the first space (201), characterized in that the valve comprises a casing (100 ), with a first part (101) of the casing (100) that houses a first chamber (103) inside and with a second part (102) of the casing (100) that houses a second chamber (104 ), the first chamber (103) and the second chamber (104) being separated by a partition (106), the first chamber being delimited by the partition (106), by a first cover (105) and by a first side wall ( 101a) of the first part (101) of the casing (100), where the first cover (105) and first side wall (101a) separate the first chamber (103) from the first space (201);
    where the first chamber (103) comprises a piston (116) that hermetically separates:
    or a volume of the first chamber (103) in contact with the second space (202) through at least one first window (117), of;
    or a volume of the first chamber (103) in contact with the first space (201) through at least one first opening (107);
    wherein the second chamber (104) comprises a second cap body (114), mechanically coupled to the piston (116);
    where the second cover body (114) seals:
    or a volume of the second chamber (104) in contact with the second space (202) through at least one second window (118), of;
    or at least one second opening (108) that communicates the first space (201) with the second chamber (104);
    where the mechanical coupling between the piston (116) and the second cover body (114) is carried out by means of a shaft (109) that passes through the partition (106) so that the shaft (109) can slide through the partition (106 ) maintaining a watertight separation between the first chamber (103) and the second chamber (104), where the shaft (109) has a hollow interior volume in contact with the second space (202), and where the at least one first window ( 117) and the at least one second window (118) are made on a lateral surface of the shaft (109);
    where, in operation, the valve comprises two positions:
    or a first closed position in which the at least one second opening (108) is fully obstructed by the second cap body (114), and;
    or a second position in which the second cover body (114) leaves open at least a part of the at least one second opening (108), thus leaving the first space (201) in fluid communication with the second space (202) through the second chamber (104);
    where the valve comprises a spring (119) mechanically coupled to the piston (116), shaft (109) and second cover body (114) assembly, so that:
    or when the spring (119) is in its most relaxed position, the spring (119) forces the valve to operate in its first closed position, and;
    or when the pressure in the fluid of the first space (201) increases with respect to the pressure in the fluid of the second space (202), the piston (116) pulls the shaft (109) and the body of the second cover (114), stretching the spring (119), and forcing the valve to operate in its second position.
    [2]
    Discharge valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring (119) is preconfigured to work in an elastic region of its elasticity curve close to the elastic limit of the material that makes up the spring.
    [3]
    3. Discharge valve according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring (119) is located in the hollow space inside the shaft (109).
    [4]
    Discharge valve according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaft (109) passes through the first cover (105) through a first hole (110), there being a sealing gasket in said first hole (110), in such a way that the shaft (109) can slide through the first cover (105) maintaining the tightness of the first cover (105).
    [5]
    5. Discharge valve according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second cover body (114) comprises: the second cover (114), a sleeve (124) and a perforated cylinder head (125), where the second cover ( 114) and the cylinder head (125) each have seals for their tight sliding with respect to a second side wall (102a) of the second part (102) of the casing (100), so that in the first closed position of the valve, the at least one second opening (108) faces the sleeve (124), between the second cover (114) and the cylinder head (125).
    [6]
    6. Discharge valve according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring (119) is anchored:
    or through a first terminal (120), to a first anchor (122) located in a cover located at a first end (112) of the shaft (109), and;
    or by means of a second terminal (121), to a second anchor (123) fixed to the second part (102) of the casing (100).
    [7]
    Discharge valve according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first part (101) of the casing (100) comprises:
    or a first flange (101b) to which the first cap (105) is attached, and;
    or a second flange (101c) to which the partition (106) is fixed.
    [8]
    8. Discharge valve according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second part (102) of the casing (100) comprises:
    or a third flange (102b) to which the partition (106) is fixed, and;
    or a fourth flange (102c).
    [9]
    Relief valve according to claim 8, characterized in that the fourth flange (102c) is configured for fixing to the separation surface between the first space (201) and the second space (202).
    [10]
    10. Discharge valve according to claims 6 and 8, characterized in that the second anchor (123) is fixed to the fourth flange (102c).
    [11]
    Discharge valve according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one first opening (107) is located in the first side wall (101a) of the first part (101) of the casing (100).
    [12]
    Discharge valve according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one second opening (108) is located in a second side wall (102a) of the second part (102) of the casing (100).
    [13]
    Discharge valve according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of first openings (107).
    [14]
    Discharge valve according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of second openings (108).
    [15]
    Discharge valve according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of first windows (117) and second windows (118).
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE370360C|1923-03-02|Carl Siller|Pressure relief valve with additional pressure surface, especially for gas balloons|
    US1278133A|1918-02-08|1918-09-10|Goodrich Co B F|Valve.|
    US1426894A|1919-10-16|1922-08-22|Goodyear Tire & Rubber|Valve|
    DE371666C|1920-08-03|1923-03-17|Carl Siller|Gas pressure relief valve, especially for airship carriers|
    GB816390A|1954-11-04|1959-07-15|British Thomson Houston Co Ltd|Improvements relating to pressure relief valves|
    ES2583878T3|2013-11-15|2016-09-22|Centre National D'Études Spatiales |Gas release device contained in an atmospheric globe|
    CN106958686A|2017-05-16|2017-07-18|眉山中车制动科技股份有限公司|A kind of gas control air bleeding valve|
    法律状态:
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    ES201900052A|ES2785105B2|2019-04-01|2019-04-01|Discharge valve|ES201900052A| ES2785105B2|2019-04-01|2019-04-01|Discharge valve|
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