• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A self-regulating vacuum still (8) has a fluid reservoir (10), a boiler (28), a vapor separator (46), a condenser (33), and a condensate reservoir (58). The boiler (28) receives fluid from the fluid reservoir (10) in liquid form and heats the fluid to generate fluid vapor, preferably using evacuated solar tubes (44). The vapor separator (46) receives the fluid vapor from the boiler (28) and separates entrained moisture. Preferably a packing (50) is provided by structured wire mesh which is disposed in a vapor outlet (49) from the vapor separator (46). The condenser (33) receives the fluid vapor from the vapor separator (46), and cools the fluid vapor to a condensate. The condenser (3) has a collection section (34), a condensate section (35) and an outlet (16) which is proximate to the collection section (34) and the condensate section (35). An airlock (20) is connected to the outlet (16) for venting air and fluid vapor from the condenser (33) when a preselected pressure is exceeded. A condensate reservoir (58) is connected to the condenser (33) for receiving condensate.
    公开号:ES2759446A2
    申请号:ES202090009
    申请日:2018-09-07
    公开日:2020-05-11
    发明作者:Robert P Northrup
    申请人:NORTHRUP Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [0003]
    [0004] The present disclosure relates generally to vacuum stills, and in particular to vacuum stills which use the weight of a fluid column to create a vacuum and which, at least in part, drives the distillation.
    [0005]
    [0006] CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
    [0007]
    [0008] This application is a continuation of United States Application Serial No. 15 / 699,988, filed on September 8, 2017 (09/08/2017) and invented by Robert P. Northrup.
    [0009]
    [0010] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0011]
    [0012] Clean water is necessary for human health and well-being. The evaporation and condensation of water, in natural processes such as the water cycle and in artificial distillation and desalination processes, cleans the water of most or all impurities. However, the high specific heat of water and other liquids of moderate volatility means that costly energy expenditure is required for distillation and desalination.
    [0013]
    [0014] Many inventions have used vacuum to reduce vapor pressure and achieve evaporation with less energy for heating. These include the use of a barometric column of condensate, a technique derived from barometers, and the age-old observation that water cannot be diverted higher than 10.3 meters - "nature abhors a vacuum," as Aristotle theorized. In these inventions, the barometric condensate column has been used to extract an initial vacuum, and / or as an extraction counterweight to decrease vacuum loss in an evaporation stage, and in other novel ways.
    [0015]
    [0016] Many inventions have used solar energy and ambient temperature differences, alone or in combination with vacuum, to increase the evaporation efficiency of heat energy. Related inventions have used various mechanical devices, series of chambers, stopcocks and valves, meters and timing sequences to achieve greater evaporation and condensation efficiency. Some have used vents, to initially fill the system, and for periodic evacuation of air trapped in water, generally using mechanical vacuum pumps. The Newcomen engine used a "vacuum break valve," a valve so named because it sounds like a stuffy man breathing out of his nose, to release air-trapped water that collects in his vacuum-actuated piston cylinder. Some of the inventions require a high degree of supervision and control in their operation, and most require periodic system purges and maintenance of various pumps and active devices.
    [0017]
    [0018] There may be a need and a market for a simple system that starts and stops automatically. Preferably, such a system would not require devices that consume energy for its operation or the need for regular supervision to operate. The system would also use the force of gravity working in a condensed water column to create voids and reduce the expense of thermal energy. Preferably, the thermal "delta" or difference would create an evaporation region and a condensation region that could be established passively, with low cost or free energy. There is a need for a system that incorporates all the aforementioned features and yet is well adapted to make it affordable for both citizens and public services or private corporations. Finally, a system designed to use natural changes in outdoor temperature to your advantage would be robust, tolerant and desirable.
    [0019]
    [0020] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    [0021]
    [0022] A new self regulating vacuum still is described having a fluid reservoir, a boiler, a steam separator, a condenser and a condensate reservoir. The boiler has a fluid section that includes a liquid portion and a steam portion. The liquid portion is in fluid communication with the fluid reservoir to receive the fluid from the fluid reservoir with the fluid arranged in liquid form in the liquid portion of the fluid section. A one-way flow control valve is preferably arranged there between the fluid reservoir and the fluid section of the boiler. The fluid is heated in the boiler to generate fluid vapor, preferably using the heat provided by evacuated solar tubes that is conducted to the fluid section. The steam separator receives fluid vapor from the boiler along with the entrained moisture with the fluid vapor, and separates the entrained moisture from the fluid vapor. The steam separator has an inlet with an end segment that has perforations to let the fluid vapor, where perforations prevent foaming of the fluid vapor. The steam separator further includes an enclosure having a cross sectional area that is larger than a cross sectional area of the steam portion of the boiler fluid section. A steam outlet is located between the steam separator and the condenser, and the structured wire mesh is arranged at the steam outlet to capture moisture entrained in the fluid vapor.
    [0023]
    [0024] The condenser has a steam collection section and a condensate section that sequentially receives the fluid vapor from the boiler and the steam separator, and then cools the fluid vapor to a condensate and receives the condensate in the condensate section. A condensate level is defined between the fluid vapor and the condensate, and the condensate level is located below the vapor collection section. An outlet is arranged in the condenser, near the collection section and the condensate section. An air bag is connected to the outlet to selectively vent fluid vapor from the condenser when a preselected pressure is exceeded within the condenser. A condensate tank is arranged in fluid communication with the condensate section of the condenser to receive the condensate. The condensate reservoir has a dispensing valve to selectively let condensate pass from it.
    [0025]
    [0026] DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0027]
    [0028] For a more complete understanding of the present description and the advantages thereof, reference is now made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which Figures 1 to 4 show various aspects for self-regulating vacuum stills made of according to the present description, as established below:
    [0029]
    [0030] Figure 1 is a schematic graph of the system cycles;
    [0031] Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an illustrative self-regulating vacuum distiller depicted during the fill phase of the system cycle;
    [0032] Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the self-regulating vacuum still of Figure 2 depicted during the entire phase of the system cycle; and
    [0033] Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the second self-regulating vacuum still produced in accordance with the present disclosure.
    [0034] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0035]
    [0036] With reference to the Figures, Figure 1 graphically represents an illustrative cycle of the system, its two phases, stages, and various periodic iterations that complete and comprise a cycle. The system pressure, represented qualitatively but not quantitatively by the Y axis, is plotted along a continuous line against time on the X axis. Above the line is a positive pressure and below the line is a vacuum. . The evaporation rate, represented qualitatively but not quantitatively by the right secondary Y-axis, is plotted along a smooth dotted line, also against time on the X-axis. Charts are provided here to explain typical stages in functioning.
    [0037]
    [0038] The system starts where it had ended in the previous cycle, in a complete and positive pressure stage 6, where evaporation is stable and, therefore, the system is in equilibrium. The default assumption is a constant amount of heat, such as sunlight, that enters the system. To start the cycle, the entire column of condensed water is dispensed along region 1, forming a vacuum. With heat entering the system, and the vacuum now formed, evaporation generates steam that begins to fill the vacuum along curve 2 until near atmospheric pressure is reached in region 3. Evaporation continues steadily at As excess pressure is vented throughout region 3, as described below, until heat is removed in section 7. This cooling step shown in section 7 could be triggered, for example , by the variation of the daytime temperature, by a layer of clouds, by rain or by the elimination of the heat source. Here it is displayed as a constant cooling duration and amount. This induces a pressure drop in region 4, as the heat-expanded gas now contracts. As the cool-down period in section 7 ends, this pressure drop in region 4 ends, and evaporation resumes while ventilating throughout section 3.
    [0039]
    [0040] Once the system is filled with condensate, the cycle enters the next phase, delimited at point 5. Here the pressure increases beyond almost atmospheric for the first time, increasing to a maximum at point 6. This is the complete phase of the cycle, where evaporation has mainly decreased. A very modest amount of evaporation can continue after pressure drops throughout region 4 due to cooling in section 7; however, once heat is resumed, this evaporation finally stops once the system is completely filled with condensate.
    [0041] Referring now to Figure 2, a schematic diagram of a self regulating vacuum still 8 shows the parts of a basic embodiment. The water level 32 and the condensate level 37 are shown as corresponding to specific numbered stages of the cycle in Figure 1. A reservoir 10 for the water supply is preferably open to atmospheric pressure. Vacuum still 8 has boiler 28 and a condenser 33. Water is contained in boiler 28 within a fluid section 29, which has a liquid portion 30 and a vapor portion 31. The interface between the Liquid 30 and the vapor portion 31 define a liquid level 32. The lower end of the fluid section 29 is preferably sealed with a cap 26, which can be provided by a stopper, cap or valve, provided it is watertight. Condenser 33 has a collection section 34 and a condensate section 35. Water vapor from boiler 28 enters condenser 33 and is collected in collection section 24. A steam section 14 is defined to extend from the portion of steam from the fluid section 29 of the boiler 28, through the collection section 24 of the condenser 33 and into the condensate section 35, which ends above the condensate column 36. The interface of the steam section 14 and condensate column 36 defines condensate level 37.
    [0042]
    [0043] Condenser 33 further has an outlet 16 which is located in an upper portion of condensate section 35, proximate to collection section 34. A tube 18 has an inner end end extending from outlet 16 to define a chamber for collecting the entrained air in the water from the tank 10 and the water vapor. An air bag 20 is mounted on the outer terminal end of tube 18 to provide a one-way valve to vent collected air and water vapor when excess pressure is found within the vacuum still 8. In some embodiments, the bag Air valve 20 can be replaced by a check valve that is configured to vent air and water vapor when the preselected pressure is exceeded. A dispense valve 22 allows the condensate column 36 to drain, or dispense, through the U-shaped pipe-type gas trap 24.
    [0044]
    [0045] Water is available through a gradually rising water inlet 12 to the vertical section comprising a steam section 14 of the system. Boiler 28 is preferably a region where heat is applied to fluid section 29. Preferably heat is provided by sunlight hitting the outside of a tube or other structure that provides fluid section of boiler 28, to achieve evaporation. The water evaporates from the surface of the liquid level 32 and fills the steam section 16, which includes both the steam portion 31 of the fluid section 29 as the collection section 34 of the condenser 33. The water vapor in the collection section 34 of the condenser 33 is cooled and condensed into a liquid condensate, and the condensate is received in the condensate section 35 and is collected in the condensate column 36. The liquid condensate then fills the condensate column 30, raising the level of condensate 36, represented as a height range. Condensate column 36 is the stacked volume of condensate.
    [0046]
    [0047] With reference to Figure 2 and Figure 1, the cycle will be explained. During the filling phase, to the left of the demarcation at point 5 of Figure 1, the liquid level 32 is free to rise or fall modestly as the pressure varies in the steam section 14. When opening the valve After dispensing 22, the condensate column 36 will drop until it reaches the lower mark of the height range for the condensate level 37, as it balances a vacuum created in the steam section 14 within the system with atmospheric pressure outside. This vacuum forming event is marked by region 1 on the graph in Figure 1.
    [0048]
    [0049] As heat is applied around region 28, the liquid evaporates, fills the system with its gas pressure, and condenses, filling the condensate column 36 and raising the condensate level 37. First, the vacuum is filled by evaporation, as marked along curve 2 in the graph of Figure 1, the excess gas from the back pressure is then evaporated from a liquid-filled air bag 20, as marked in part 3 of the Figure 1 and as depicted in Figure 2. In other embodiments where a one-way check valve is used instead of an air bag 20, the evaporating gas will be discharged when the burst pressure of the one-way check valve is exceeded. . With the heat removed in region 7 of the graph in Figure 1, evaporation stops and pressure drops to point 4, as represented by the drop in the evaporation rate plotted, and much condensate forms in both the boiler 28 as in condenser 33. The system remains as shown in Figure 2 during these stages, until condensate level 37 is filled to its upper mark.
    [0050]
    [0051] Referring now to Figure 3, the condensate column 30 has been raised to close outlet 16. Collection section 34 is now closed from outlet 16 and airbag 20. Referring to Figure 1, the system it is now in the full phase of the cycle, graphed to the right of demarcation 5. Pressure can now rise above atmospheric, as marked at maximum pressure point 6 on the graph. During cooling in region 7, the pressure can still drop in channels 4, with a very slow evaporation rate. Referring now to Figure 3, the pressure accumulated by above atmospheric vapor pressure increases in vapor section 14, cutting off evaporation as heat input and heat loss remain stable. This build-up of pressure can also accelerate the height of the condensate at outlet level 37 to its upper mark. If the pressure in the steam section 14 pushes the upper outlet level 38 high enough, the condensate will flow freely out of the air bag 20, thus acting as an emergency pressure relief valve for the steam section 14. Due to the increased air pressure, the liquid level 32 may become lower in the fluid section 29. With the condensate section 35 filled with the condensate, the condensate column 36 is ready to be distributed again, back to region 1 of the curve in Figure 1.
    [0052]
    [0053] Figure 4 is a schematic of a second self regulating vacuum 40 producing sterile distillate. Vacuum still 40 has a boiler 28, a steam separator 46, and a condenser 33. Boiler 28 has a heated enclosure 42 that houses a section of fluids 29 and evacuated sun tubes 44. Preferably, the enclosure has a window that leaves passing light, but as with a greenhouse, traps heat in chamber 42. It should be noted that chamber 42 may be provided with an insulated glass chamber, for example, or it could also be of another type, such as a heating chimney connected to a combustion stove, which opens to the atmosphere just below the steam separator 46. Fourteen evacuated solar tubes 44 are shown, but a different number can be used. Furthermore, the evacuated solar tubes 44 could be replaced by a series of vertically stacked parabolic cylinder solar collectors, to provide heat to the boiler 28. Impurities, salt suspension, and non-evaporating substances will accumulate in drain 54. In the case of desalination, drain 54 can be partially opened to separate the concentrated salt suspension, for example, a U-shaped pipe outlet in an evaporation pool for the production or removal of salts.
    [0054]
    [0055] Fluid section 29 of boiler 28 is preferably an elongated tube including a liquid portion 30 and a vapor portion 31, with a liquid level 32 defined at the interface between the liquid portion 30 and the vapor portion 31 As noted above, the volume of the respective liquid portion 30 and the vapor portion 31 will vary along with the liquid level 32 during various evaporation cycles for the vacuum still 40, as noted above with reference to Figure 1. The evacuated solar tubes 44 are preferably in direct contact with the fluid section 29 to conduct solar heat to the fluid disposed in the fluid section 29. In embodiments where a metal pipe is used to provide the section of 29 fluids, solar tubes evacuees 44 would have direct metallic contact with the pipe and other structure that provides the fluid section 29 to conduct the collected solar heat. Fluid section 29 includes a liquid portion 30 and a vapor portion 31. Impure water is added to the water supply tank 10 and this can flow upward through a check valve 4 and the rising water inlet 12 towards the fluid section 29 so that the heating becomes steam. The water level 32 will settle at a certain height until it is heated above the boiling point for a particular pressure within the fluid section 29, and the individual water vapor columns as the steam pushes up the section of fluids 29 through a porous and capped end segment 47 into an inlet 45 for the steam separator 46.
    [0056]
    [0057] The steam separator 46 has an enclosure 48 which preferably has a larger cross-sectional area than the structure of the steam portion 31 of the fluid section 29. The larger cross-sectional area allows moisture droplets entrained into the steam comes out of the steam more easily. Enclosure 48 also allows enough surface area for water to vaporize adequately, unrestricted by the effects of surface tension along the pipes, and provides enough volume to prevent voids from drawing water through fluid section 29. The area The larger cross-sectional area of enclosure 48 also allows distillation through evaporation and condensation by fluid section 29. End segment 47 is capped to stop or increase foaming, and is porous to act as a drain. of fluid section 29, as well as the inlet. Steam separator 46 has an outlet 49 that allows water vapor to pass from enclosure 48 to condenser 33. A gasket 50 is provided at outlet 49 to remove moisture droplets from water vapor. The package 50 is preferably a structured wire mesh. Steam separator 46 also has an emergency pressure relief valve 52.
    [0058]
    [0059] The evaporate leaves the steam separator 46 and goes to the condenser 33 where it is cooled in the collection section 34 and the condensate section 35, and then it is collected as part of the fluid column 36 located at the lower end of the section of condensates 35. If the air pressure exceeds the ventilation pressure of the air bag 20, the pressure will be released through the outlet 16, the protection pipe 56 to exit the air bag 20 towards the outside atmospheric pressure. Protection line 56 covers air bag 20 so that air is released downward. This has the advantage known to experts in sterile techniques in biological laboratories, that is, less dust and microbial particles will have the opportunity to enter an upward hole against gravity. This also has the advantage that rainwater cannot accumulate on its outer surface. At the bottom end of the condensate section 35 of the condenser 33 is a condensate reservoir 58. This is where the clean water is stored. The evaporate condenses and fills until the condensate level 36 exceeds the outlet 16 and pressure builds up until the boiling stops and enters the full phase of the cycle.
    [0060]
    [0061] The level of condensates 60 in tank 58 is represented at an early stage of filling, where the level of condensate 37 is only a short height above the drain of condensate section 62 where it enters tank 58. As the Condensate column 36 is filled more and more in condensate section 35, the level of tank 60 will also increase. The pressure will also increase in the air chamber 64 of the reservoir 58, which will push and hold the condensate column 36 upwards. Note that the pressure in the air chamber 64 may push the fluid level 60 in the reservoir 58 below the inlet of the drain pipe of the condensate section 62. This pressurized air in the air chamber 64 it would release the condensate column 36 and enter the steam section inside the condenser 33. It is noted that it is also possible that the pressure in the air chamber 64 drags all its air to the water distributed over time through the valve of dispensed 22, until there is no longer an air pocket in air chamber 64, but only a volume of liquid phase of condensate.
    [0062]
    [0063] Mineral rock 66 is added to condensate reservoir 58 to convert the condensate distillate to potable water. Preferably, the self-regulating still 40 of FIG. 4 as shown would produce enough water for a household's drinking water needs. It is noted that the condensate tank 58 could also be connected at a certain distance by the pipeline to the drain of the condensate section 62, for example inside a building, to serve as a water cooler. When potable water is dispensed through a spigot, such as dispensing valve 22, the condensate reservoir 58 has the advantage of being pressurized and self-filling, regardless of the stage or phase of the system cycle. The condensate reservoir 58, and each component of the system that comes into contact with the evaporate and especially the condensate, are preferably composed of a material with a low rate of filtration of solids, such as vitrified ceramic, glass or low oxidation metal , the inner surfaces of which can be additionally sealed with a wax or an inert polymer.
    [0064]
    [0065] The vacuum still of the present description provides the advantages of a self-regulating, self-starting vacuum still for producing clean water. Pressure outlet offers the advantage of automatic start, provided there is a thermal gradient to keep evaporation in the boiler and condensation in the condenser. Another advantage it provides is the auto-completion of the condensate barometric column in the condensate section. Another advantage is that the air trapped in the liquid and released into the vacuum, which accumulates in the condenser, is also vented by the pressure outlet through an air bag or a one-way check valve, which eliminates the maintenance requirement to purge the system. If the height of the condensate section significantly exceeds 10.3 meters, then this system would have the additional advantage of efficiency improvement in that the condensate column provides a counterweight and a total vacuum, that is, it constitutes a barometric portion, during the largest part of the filling phase. However, as the system is mainly driven by the temperature gradient, the vacuum formed by gravity and cooling are used to increase the evaporation rate during the filling phase, and therefore play a supporting role in the production of condensed. Positive pressure build-up is designed into the system to give you the advantage of automatically stopping during the entire phase.
    [0066]
    [0067] Although the preferred embodiment has been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions, and alterations may be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [1]
    A self-regulating vacuum distiller comprising: a fluid reservoir containing a distillation fluid, said fluid reservoir being arranged in a first elevation;
    a boiler having a fluid section including a liquid portion and a steam portion, wherein said liquid portion is in fluid communication with said fluid reservoir to pass said fluid from said fluid reservoir to said fluid section fluids, said fluid is arranged in liquid form within said liquid portion of said fluid section and is heated to generate fluid vapor, and said fluid vapor is arranged in said vapor portion of said fluid section, and an interface between said fluid portion and said vapor portion defines a liquid level;
    a condenser arranged in fluid communication with said fluid section of said boiler to receive said fluid vapor from said boiler, said condenser includes a vapor collection section and a condensate section arranged sequentially in fluid communication to receive said vapor from fluid from said boiler, cooling said fluid vapor to a condensate and receiving said condensate in said condensate section, where at least part of said vapor collection section of said condenser is arranged above said liquid level in said section of fluids from said boiler, and a condensate level is defined between said fluid vapor and said condensate, and said condensate level is located below said vapor collection section;
    an outlet arranged in said condenser, next to said collection section and said condensate section, wherein said outlet is arranged in an upper portion of said condensate section at a level that is above said condensate level such that said outlet it lets steam through when said section of condensates is not full of condensate, and said level is below said level of condensate in such a way that said condensate does not let steam pass through said outlet when said section of condensates is full of condensate ;and
    an air bag connected to said outlet to selectively vent fluid vapor from said condenser when a preselected pressure is exceeded within said condenser.
    [2]
    2. Self-regulating vacuum distiller according to claim 1, comprising also:
    a steam section including said steam portion of said fluid section of said boiler and towards said collection section of said condenser, which extends between said liquid level and said condensate level; and
    a section of condensate arranged in said section of condensates and having an upper end defined by said level of condensate.
    [3]
    3. A self-regulating vacuum distiller according to claim 1, further comprising a condensate tank arranged in fluid communication with said condensate section of said condenser to receive condensate from said condensate section, said condensate tank has a valve dispensing to selectively pass said condensate from it.
    [4]
    A self-regulating vacuum still according to claim 1, further comprising a one-way flow control valve disposed between said fluid reservoir and said fluid section of said boiler to allow said fluid to pass from said fluid reservoir to said section of fluids and preventing the flow of said fluid from said section of fluids to said fluid reservoir.
    [5]
    5. A self-regulating vacuum distiller according to claim 1, further comprising a steam separator disposed between said fluid section of said boiler and said steam collection section of said condenser to separate the moisture entrained with said fluid vapor from said fluid vapor, said vapor separator has an enclosure
    having an enlarged cross-sectional area that is larger than a cross-sectional area of said vapor portion of said fluid section.
    [6]
    6. Self-regulating vacuum still according to claim 5, wherein said steam separator further includes a steam outlet extending between said enclosure and said collection section of said condenser, and a structured wire mesh is arranged in said steam outlet to capture said entrained moisture in said fluid vapor.
    [7]
    7. Self-regulating vacuum still according to claim 5, wherein said steam separator further includes a steam inlet arranged to receive said fluid vapor from said fluid section of said boiler into said enclosure and having a End segment with perforations to allow said fluid vapor to pass through it.
    [8]
    8. Self-regulating vacuum distiller according to claim 1, wherein said air bag comprises a check valve.
    [9]
    9. Self-regulating vacuum distiller according to claim 1, wherein said boiler further comprises evacuated solar tubes which are thermally connected to said fluid section to collect solar radiation and pass heat to said fluid section to heat said arranged fluid within said fluid section.
    [10]
    10. Self-regulating vacuum distiller comprising:
    a fluid reservoir containing a distillation fluid;
    a boiler having a fluid section including a liquid portion and a steam portion, wherein said liquid portion is in fluid communication with said fluid reservoir to pass said fluid from said fluid reservoir to said fluid section fluids said
    fluid is arranged in liquid form within said liquid portion of said fluid section and is heated to generate fluid vapor, and said fluid vapor is arranged in said vapor portion of said fluid section, and an interface between said portion of fluid and said portion of steam defines a level of liquid; a condenser arranged in fluid communication with said fluid section of said fluid
    boiler for receiving said fluid vapor from said boiler, said condenser includes a vapor collection section and a condensate section arranged sequentially in fluid communication to receive said fluid vapor from said boiler, cooling said fluid vapor to a condensate and receiving said condensate in said condensate section,
    wherein at least part of said vapor collection section of said condenser is arranged above said liquid level in said fluid section of said boiler, and a level of condensate is defined between said fluid vapor and said condensate, and said Defined condensate level is located below said steam collection section;
    an outlet arranged in said condenser, next to said collection section and said condensate section, wherein said outlet is arranged in an upper portion of said condensate section at a level that is above said condensate level such that said outlet allows steam to pass when said section of condensates is not filled with condensate, and said level is below said condensate level such that said condensate does not allow steam to pass through said outlet when said section of condensates is full of condensate; an air bag connected to said outlet to selectively vent fluid vapor from
    said condenser when a preselected pressure within said condenser is exceeded;
    a vapor separator disposed between said fluid section of said boiler and said vapor collection section of said condenser to separate moisture entrained with said fluid vapor from said fluid vapor, said vapor separator has an enclosure having an area of enlarged cross section that is greater than a cross sectional area of said vapor portion of said fluid section; and
    a condensate tank arranged in fluid communication with said condensate section of said condenser to receive condensate from said condensate section, said condensate tank has a dispensing valve to selectively let said condensate pass from it.
    [11]
    11. Self-regulating vacuum distiller according to claim 10, further comprising:
    a steam section including said steam portion of said fluid section of said boiler and towards said collection section of said condenser, which extends between said liquid level and said condensate level; and
    a section of condensate arranged in said section of condensates and having an upper end defined by said level of condensate.
    [12]
    12. Self-regulating vacuum still according to claim 10, further comprising a one-way flow control valve disposed between said fluid reservoir and said fluid section of said boiler to allow said fluid to pass from said fluid reservoir to said section of fluids and preventing the flow of said fluid from said section of fluids to said fluid reservoir.
    [13]
    13. Self-regulating vacuum still according to claim 10, wherein said steam separator further includes a steam outlet extending between said enclosure and said collection section of said condenser, and a structured wire mesh it is arranged at said steam outlet to capture said entrained moisture in said fluid vapor.
    [14]
    14. A self-regulating vacuum still according to claim 10, wherein said steam separator further includes a steam inlet arranged to receive said fluid vapor from said fluid section of said boiler into said enclosure and having an end segment with perforations to allow said fluid vapor to pass through it.
    [15]
    15. Self-regulating vacuum still according to claim 10, wherein said air bag comprises a check valve.
    [16]
    16. Self-regulating vacuum distiller according to claim 10, wherein said boiler further comprises evacuated solar tubes which are thermally connected to said fluid section to collect solar radiation and pass heat to said fluid section to heat said arranged fluid within said fluid section.
    [17]
    17. Self-regulating vacuum distiller comprising:
    a fluid reservoir containing a distillation fluid;
    a boiler having a fluid section including a liquid portion and a steam portion, wherein said liquid portion is in fluid communication with said fluid reservoir to pass said fluid from said fluid reservoir to said fluid section fluids said
    fluid is arranged in liquid form within said liquid portion of said fluid section and is heated to generate fluid vapor, and said fluid vapor is arranged in said vapor portion of said fluid section, and an interface between said portion of fluid and said portion of steam defines a level of liquid; a condenser arranged in fluid communication with said fluid section of said fluid
    boiler for receiving said fluid vapor from said boiler, said condenser includes a steam collection section and a condensate section arranged sequentially in
    fluid communication for receiving said fluid vapor from said boiler, cooling said fluid vapor to a condensate and receiving said condensate in said section of condensates,
    wherein at least part of said steam collection section of said condenser is arranged above said liquid level in said fluid section of said boiler, and a condensate level is defined between said fluid vapor and said condensate, and said defined condensate level is located below said vapor collection section ;
    an outlet arranged in said condenser, next to said collection section and said condensate section, wherein said outlet is arranged in an upper portion of said condensate section at a level that is above said condensate level in such a way that said outlet allows steam to pass when said section of condensates is not filled with condensate, and said level is below said level of condensate in such a way that said condensate does not allow steam to pass through said outlet when said section of condensates is full condensate; an air bag connected to said outlet to selectively vent fluid vapor from
    said condenser when a preselected pressure within said condenser is exceeded;
    a vapor separator disposed between said fluid section of said boiler and said vapor collection section of said condenser to separate moisture entrained with said fluid vapor from said fluid vapor, said vapor separator has an enclosure having an area of enlarged cross section that is greater than a cross sectional area of said vapor portion of said fluid section;
    said steam separator further includes a steam outlet extending between said enclosure and said collection section of said condenser, and a structured wire mesh is arranged at said steam outlet to capture said moisture entrained in said fluid vapor; and
    Said steam separator further includes a steam inlet arranged to receive said fluid vapor from said fluid section of said boiler into said enclosure and having an end segment with perforations to allow said fluid vapor to pass through it.
    [18]
    18. Self-regulating vacuum distiller according to claim 17, further comprising a condensate tank arranged in fluid communication with said condensate section of said condenser to receive condensate from said condensate section, said condensate tank has a valve dispensing to selectively pass
    said condensate from it.
    [19]
    19. Self-regulating vacuum still according to claim 17, further comprising a one-way flow control valve disposed between said fluid reservoir and said fluid section of said boiler to allow said fluid to pass from said fluid reservoir to said section of fluids and preventing the flow of said fluid from said section of fluids to said fluid reservoir.
    [20]
    20. Self-regulating vacuum distiller according to claim 17, wherein said boiler further comprises evacuated solar tubes which are thermally connected to said fluid section to collect solar radiation and pass heat to said fluid section to heat said arranged fluid within said fluid section.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US10596482B1|2020-03-24|
    ES2759446R1|2020-12-01|
    WO2019051313A1|2019-03-14|
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    优先权:
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    US15/699,988|US10596482B1|2017-09-08|2017-09-08|Self-regulating vacuum still|
    PCT/US2018/050084|WO2019051313A1|2017-09-08|2018-09-07|Self-regulating vacuum still|
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