• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention provides a process of aesthetic revaluation of pieces of natural stone or marble that includes the steps of providing a digital image of a piece of natural stone or marble to be processed; divide the digital image into finite elements; get the color defining parameters of each finite element; manually or automatically adjust the color definition parameters of one or more finite elements to increase the aesthetic value of the piece of natural stone or marble after processing; produce instructions for the application of a fitness mask and for the application of an impression mask based on the adjustment of the color defining parameters of one or more finite elements; apply the fitness mask to the piece of natural stone or marble in an apparatus configured to perform the fitness under the instructions above; and applying the print mask to the piece of natural stone or marble that is being processed at a print station operating under the above instructions. A computer configured or containing instructions and a production line to carry out such a process are also provided, in addition to a computer support with the software to configure a computer to carry out the process on said production line. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2757981A1
    申请号:ES201831051
    申请日:2018-10-30
    公开日:2020-04-30
    发明作者:Alonso Luis Alberto Abad
    申请人:Sama Marco；Schwars Frank；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] Aesthetic revaluation method of natural stone or marble slabs
    [0002]
    [0003] Technical field of the invention
    [0004]
    [0005] The present invention is framed within the technical field of manipulation and processing of marble or natural stone slabs extracted from quarries for its application in construction. The present invention provides a method for the revaluation of natural stone or marble slabs by restoring chromatic defects or the application of veining or other visual characteristics to increase the value of natural stone or marble slabs.
    [0006]
    [0007] Background of the Invention
    [0008]
    [0009] Natural stone is obtained by quarrying. The volume of the pieces removed is approximately three to six cubic meters. The blocks removed later are cut into boards or tiles of different thickness.
    [0010]
    [0011] Before the extraction of a stone block, it is not possible to know the quality of the boards or slabs that will be produced from it, because natural stone frequently contains impurities that produce undesirable colorations in the stone. Traces of metals or other elements produce localized colorations or gaps of different shades causing the stone's commercial value to decrease drastically when irregular colorations appear in the pieces. In practice, less than 25% of the stone extracted is suitable for commercial use. Therefore, it is a necessity to increase the profitability of the quarries and, on the other hand, to reduce the volume of waste in the quarries.
    [0012]
    [0013] In the same way, when natural stone is extracted in which the presence of vein has an added value, such as Portoro marble, the extraction of pieces without veins devalues the price of the pieces.
    [0014]
    [0015] DE102010025159 describes the use of a scanner and printer to clone color patterns for aesthetic purposes. The pieces obtained are all the same and are obtained from the cloning of a pattern or model that is reproduced on the entire surface of each piece.
    [0016]
    [0017] ES2573342 describes a method of revaluing natural stone or marble that comprises the following steps: 1) dividing a piece of natural stone into squares; 2) evaluating the individual color of each grid; 3) calculation of the color difference between contiguous points; and 4) coloring of the grids with micro-ink drops, either with a color similar to the adjacent grid to produce a piece of uniform color or with a color different from the adjacent grid to produce a grain.
    [0018] Summary description of the invention
    [0019]
    [0020] A first aspect of the present invention provides a computerized process of aesthetic revaluation of pieces of natural stone or marble that comprises the following steps:
    [0021]
    [0022] - Making and / or providing a scan, video image or digital photograph of a piece of natural stone or marble to be processed;
    [0023] - division into finite elements of the scan, the video image or the digital photography;
    [0024] - obtaining some parameters defining the color of each finite element; - manual or automatic adjustment of the color definition parameters of one or more finite elements to increase the aesthetic value of the piece of natural stone or marble that is being processed;
    [0025] - production of first instructions or first a computer file encoding instructions for the application of a fitness mask; and a second instructions or a second computer file that encodes instructions for the application of a print mask, both based on the adjustment of the color defining parameters of one or more finite elements;
    [0026] - applying the physical conditioning mask to the piece of natural stone or marble that is being processed placed in an apparatus configured to carry out the physical conditioning according to the first instructions for the application of the physical conditioning mask; and - applying the impression mask to the piece of natural stone or marble in process placed in a printing station configured to operate according to the second instructions for the application of the impression mask.
    [0027]
    [0028] The aesthetic value of a piece of natural stone is increased by obtaining a piece of greater chromatic homogeneity, without the presence of gaps or areas of impurities in the color of the piece. On the other hand, in marble pieces, the increase in their aesthetic value is produced by presenting a greater number of veins of different colors from the background color on the surface or face of the piece.
    [0029]
    [0030] It is convenient to clarify that the physical conditioning mask is the profile or relief of the piece of natural stone or marble that is necessary to obtain in order to apply the impression mask and achieve a piece of natural stone or marble that has an aesthetic value greater than before being processed.
    [0031]
    [0032] Likewise, it is convenient to clarify that the printing mask is the ink layer that must be applied to the piece of natural stone or marble to achieve a piece of natural stone or marble that has a higher aesthetic value than before being processed.
    [0033] Preferably, the scan or digital photograph of the piece of natural stone or marble to be processed is high resolution or high definition (HD), for example, a resolution of at least about 300 ppi. By means of a scan, video image or high-resolution digital photography, the resulting image is prevented from having a pixelated appearance that can cause problems during the successive stages of the process, such as finite element division and obtaining the defining parameters of the average color of each finite element.
    [0034]
    [0035] The realization and / or contribution of a scan, a video image or a digital photograph of a piece of natural stone or marble to be processed can be by uploading an image file. The image file can be in different formats, for example pdf, xdf, tiff, etc.
    [0036]
    [0037] Preferably, the finite elements into which the digital photograph, video image, or scan is divided are square. Alternatively, the finite elements may be triangles, rectangles, or another suitable shape.
    [0038]
    [0039] Preferably, the finite elements have an area of about 1 mm2. In this finite element size range, the final appearance of the piece is achieved, that is, not pixelated and at the same time the speed of the revaluation process is suitably profitable.
    [0040]
    [0041] The defining parameters of the average color of each finite element can be determined by adjusting and / or consulting the black-white threshold, the average color, the positive / negative mode and / or the noise filter.
    [0042]
    [0043] The black / white threshold is obtained by passing the image to grayscale.
    [0044]
    [0045] The middle color is the color that is applied to generate the texture or fill color.
    [0046] The positive / negative mode is used to identify what should be removed or highlighted.
    [0047]
    [0048] The noise filter is a data filter that eliminates, if desired, small spots that slow down the process and do not provide any aesthetic advantage.
    [0049]
    [0050] Alternatively or additionally, the parameters defining the average color of each finite element may comprise RGB (Red-Green-Blue) parameters and / or the Pantone color classification.
    [0051]
    [0052] Preferably, the process comprises the representation as a screen image of the scan, the video image or the digital photograph.
    [0053]
    [0054] Preferably, the process comprises updating the image on the screen to show a resulting image after manual or automatic adjustment of the color defining parameters of at least one finite element to increase the aesthetic value of the piece of natural stone or marble after its processing. East step allows direct observation and evaluation by the user or the client of the adjustments made to the image and modify them if they are not adequate, before proceeding to the processing of the piece.
    [0055]
    [0056] Preferably, the method comprises obtaining a preview image file of the final image before the piece of natural stone or marble is processed in the laser and the printer. By obtaining a preview image file before processing the natural stone or marble pieces, it is possible to display or send clients an image of the final result that can be achieved, before making the decision whether or not to proceed with the processing of stone or marble, thus avoiding misunderstandings and the final result can be altered, a priori, before processing, based on the observation of the preview image.
    [0057]
    [0058] Obtaining the preview image also allows an estimate of the cost of the revaluation process of the material prior to the alteration of the initial material.
    [0059]
    [0060] In some embodiments, the fitness mask is the profile or relief of the piece of natural stone or marble that is necessary to obtain in order to apply the print mask and achieve a piece of natural stone or marble that presents an image identical or very similar to the preview image displayed after adjusting the color parameters.
    [0061]
    [0062] In some embodiments, it is convenient to clarify that the impression mask is the ink layer that must be applied to the piece of natural stone or marble to achieve a piece of natural stone or marble that presents an identical or very similar image. to the preview image displayed after adjusting the color parameters.
    [0063]
    [0064] Preview image files also allow customers to sample catalog and sell parts with more satisfaction guarantees before they are processed. This is very advantageous, because the risk of the customer rejecting the parts after they have been processed is reduced, since the result had been previously seen. This avoids unexpected returns, claims and loss of time and / or the value of the processing of the returned material.
    [0065]
    [0066] Preferably the physical conditioning is performed with a laser. The use of lasers for physical conditioning has the advantage that the laser partially degrades the chemical compounds that produce the imperfect or heterogeneous coloration of the pieces.
    [0067]
    [0068] Preferably, the laser used is of the galvanometric type, or of high power CO 2 .
    [0069]
    [0070] Alternatively or additionally, physical conditioning can be carried out using strawberries with diamond tools and / or with a high-pressure water jet.
    [0071] Preferably, the physical conditioning step comprises performing micro-perforations on the surface of the part area whose color is to be altered. The objective of these perforations is to create a bed where the micro-drops of ink are deposited.
    [0072]
    [0073] Alternatively or additionally, the physical conditioning step comprises the recess or erosion on the surface of the part area whose color is to be altered.
    [0074] Preferably, micro-perforations or recesses and erosions have a depth of about 1.5 mm. This depth is sufficient to be able to apply the impression mask and if necessary, the white primer, filler and protection layers, as will be seen later, at the same time as partially removing the chromatic impurities.
    [0075]
    [0076] Optionally, the physical conditioning step comprises sealing the surface of the part where ink is to be deposited.
    [0077]
    [0078] Preferably, the process comprises applying a primer coat prior to applying the print mask. The primer layer favors the adequate fixation of the inks applied in the following steps.
    [0079]
    [0080] Preferably, the process comprises the application of at least one white layer prior to the application of the impression mask and after the application of the primer layer. The application of a white color layer ensures that the color achieved in the final piece is more similar to the color presented in the preview images.
    [0081]
    [0082] For the application of the impression mask, inks compatible with the stone or marble piece can be used, for example water-based inks, solvent-based inks, acrylic inks, UV-cured acrylics, polyurethane, etc.
    [0083]
    [0084] Preferably, the application of the impression mask is carried out by depositing micro-drops of ink on the piece of stone or marble. Preferably, the microdroplets are less than one microliter in volume.
    [0085]
    [0086] Preferably, the process comprises the application of a protection and filler layer after the application of the impression mask. The protection and filling layer ensures that the final relief of the piece is uniform and flat and also manages to protect the impression mask from external agents, such as rain, sun, blows, etc.
    [0087]
    [0088] Optionally, the process may comprise coating the piece of natural stone or marble with a resin, preferably polyester, which improves color setting and protects the print from aging due to environmental conditions. Other resins that can be used are epoxy, polyurethane, phenolic, etc. A preferred type of resin is urethane acrylate. This step of the process achieves pieces of natural stone and marble that are resistant to weathering and pedestrian traffic.
    [0089] Optionally, the process includes polishing or carving the piece of natural stone or marble, depending on the desired finish.
    [0090]
    [0091] A second aspect of the invention provides a computer configured or containing instructions for:
    [0092]
    [0093] - produce or receive a scan, a video image or a digital photograph of a piece of natural stone or marble to be processed;
    [0094] - divide the scan, the video image or the digital photography into finite elements;
    [0095] - obtain some parameters defining the color of each finite element;
    [0096] - adjust by command of an operator or automatically the color defining parameters of one or more finite elements to increase the aesthetic value of the piece of natural stone or marble after its processing;
    [0097] - produce first instructions or a first computer file encoding instructions for the application of a fitness mask; and a second instructions or a second computer file that encodes instructions for the application of a printing mask, both based on the adjustment of the color defining parameters of one or more finite elements;
    [0098] - sending the first instructions or the first computer file with instructions for the application of the physical conditioning mask to the piece of natural stone or marble that is being processed, to an apparatus configured to carry out the physical conditioning according to said first instructions; and
    [0099] - sending the second instructions or the second computer file with the instructions for applying the printing mask to the piece of natural stone or marble that is being processed to a printing station configured to operate according to said second instructions.
    [0100]
    [0101] A third aspect of the invention provides a production line to carry out a computerized process of aesthetic revaluation of pieces of natural stone or marble, comprising:
    [0102]
    [0103] - a computer according to the second aspect of the invention;
    [0104] - an apparatus configured to perform physical conditioning on pieces of natural stone or marble under the instructions for the application of the physical conditioning mask produced by the computer; and
    [0105] - a printing station configured to operate under the instructions for applying the printing mask produced by the computer.
    [0106]
    [0107] A fourth aspect of the invention provides a computer medium that stores software with instructions for configuring a computer according to the second aspect of the invention.
    [0108]
    [0109] A fifth aspect of the invention provides an aesthetically enhanced piece of natural stone or marble obtainable according to the process described above.
    [0110] Brief description of the Figures
    [0111]
    [0112] Figure 1 shows the flow diagram of the computerized process of aesthetic revaluation of pieces of natural stone or marble.
    [0113]
    [0114] Detailed description of the invention
    [0115]
    [0116] Homogeneous color means that, once decomposed into their RGB primary color parameters, the different finite elements present a difference of less than 30 units for each parameter of the primary colors (red, green and blue), respectively.
    [0117]
    [0118] In the state of the art different methods are described for the determination of the color defining parameters of the different finite elements.
    [0119]
    [0120] Regardless of the method of determining the color parameters, these can always be expressed using the parameters of their primary colors: red (R), green (V) and blue (A), that is, by means of a vector (R, V, TO).
    [0121]
    [0122] In the RGB color model (English Red-red, Green-green, Blue-blue), each color is represented by mixing the three primary light colors, in terms of intensity of each primary color with which it is formed. To indicate with what proportion each color is mixed, a value is assigned to each of the parameters corresponding to the primary colors, so the value 0 means that it does not intervene in the mixture and the intensity of each of the components is measured according to a scale that goes from 0 to 255. Therefore, red is obtained with (255, 0, 0), green with (0, 255, 0) and blue with (0, 0, 255).
    [0123]
    [0124] The absence of color, black color, is obtained when the three components are 0 (0, 0, 0). The combination of two colors at maximum level, 255, with a third at level 0 gives rise to the three secondary colors. In this way, yellow is (255, 255, 0), cyan (0, 255, 255) and magenta (255, 0, 255). The white color is formed with the three primary colors at their maximum level (255, 255, 255).
    [0125]
    [0126] Two finite elements are different in color when at least one of their color defining parameters differs by more than a threshold value. Instead, two color finite elements will be in the same tonal range or are of homogeneous colors, when the differences between their color-defining parameters are below a threshold value.
    [0127]
    [0128] The threshold value may vary depending on the material or the degree of homogeneity desired. The criterion can be established that a difference of 30 units for each channel (red, green, blue) produces different colors. Other different criteria can also be established, either more restrictive or more relaxed.
    [0129] Figure 1 represents a block diagram that includes the operations or steps that comprise a computerized process of aesthetic revaluation of pieces of natural stone or marble according to the present invention. These steps are:
    [0130] - realization and / or contribution of a digital photograph of a piece of natural stone to be processed;
    [0131] - division into a 1 mm grid of the digital image;
    [0132] - obtaining some parameters defining the color (RGB) of each little square of the grid;
    [0133] - manual adjustment of the color definition parameters of one or more squares to obtain a homogeneous color of natural stone that is being processed; - production of first instructions for the application of a fitness mask; and of second instructions for the application of a printing mask, both based on the previous adjustment of the color defining parameters of one or more squares;
    [0134] - applying the physical conditioning mask to the piece of natural stone that is being processed placed in an apparatus configured to carry out the physical conditioning according to said first instructions; and - applying the printing mask to the piece of natural stone that is being processed placed in a printing station configured to operate according to said second instructions.
    权利要求:
    Claims (24)
    [1]
    1. A computerized process of aesthetic revaluation of pieces of natural stone or marble that includes the following steps:
    - making and / or providing a scan, a video image or a digital photograph of a piece of natural stone or marble to be processed;
    - division into finite elements of the scan, the video image or the digital photography;
    - obtaining some parameters defining the color of each finite element; - manual or automatic adjustment of the color definition parameters of one or more finite elements to increase the aesthetic value of the piece of natural stone or marble in process;
    - production of first instructions or a first computer file encoding instructions for the application of a fitness mask; and a second instructions or a second computer file that encodes instructions for the application of a printing mask, based on the adjustment of the color defining parameters of one or more finite elements;
    - applying the physical conditioning mask to the piece of natural stone or marble that is being processed placed in an apparatus configured to carry out the physical conditioning according to said first instructions; and
    - application of the printing mask to the piece of natural stone or marble that is being processed placed in a printing station configured to operate according to said second instructions.
    [2]
    2. A process according to claim 1 in which the scan, the video image or the digital photograph of the piece of natural stone or marble to be processed is of high resolution or high definition.
    [3]
    3. A process according to claim 1 or claim 2 in which the finite elements have an area of approximately 1 mm2.
    [4]
    4. A process according to any preceding claim in which the color defining parameters of each finite element are obtained by adjusting or consulting the black-white threshold, the average color, the positive / negative mode and / or the noise filter.
    [5]
    5. A process according to any preceding claim in which the color defining parameters of each finite element comprise RGB parameters and / or the Pantone color classification.
    [6]
    6. A process according to any preceding claim, comprising the representation as a screen image of the scan, the video image or the digital photograph.
    [7]
    7. A process according to claim 6 comprising updating the image on the screen to display a resulting image after manual or automatic adjustment of the parameters defining the average color of each finite element to increase the aesthetic value of the piece of natural stone. or marble after processing.
    [8]
    8. A process according to any preceding claim, comprising obtaining a preview image file of a resulting image after manual or automatic adjustment of the color defining parameters of at least one finite element to increase the aesthetic value of the piece of natural stone or marble in process before being processed.
    [9]
    9. A process according to any preceding claim in which the physical conditioning is carried out with a laser.
    [10]
    10. A process according to any preceding claim, in which the physical conditioning is carried out by milling with diamond tools and / or with a high pressure water jet.
    [11]
    11. A process according to any preceding claim, in which the physical conditioning comprises performing micro-perforations in the surface of a part area whose color is to be altered.
    [12]
    12. A process according to any preceding claim, in which the physical conditioning comprises the recess or erosion of the area of the piece whose color is to be altered.
    [13]
    13. A process according to claim 11 or 12 in which the micro-perforations or the recess or erosion have a depth of about 1.5 mm.
    [14]
    14. A process according to any preceding claim in which the physical conditioning comprises sealing the surface of the part where ink is to be deposited.
    [15]
    15. A process according to any preceding claim, comprising the application of a primer coat prior to the application of the print mask.
    [16]
    16. A process according to any preceding claim, comprising the application of at least one white layer prior to the application of the impression mask and after the application of the primer layer.
    [17]
    17. A process according to any preceding claim in which the application of the impression mask is carried out by depositing micro-drops of ink on the piece of stone or marble.
    [18]
    18. A process according to any preceding claim, comprising the application of a protection and filling layer after the application of the impression mask.
    [19]
    19. A process according to any preceding claim, which comprises coating the piece of natural stone or marble after applying the impression mask with a resin.
    [20]
    20. A process according to any preceding claim, which includes polishing or carving the piece of natural stone or marble.
    [21]
    21. A computer configured or containing instructions for:
    - receive or produce a scan, video image or digital photograph of a piece of natural stone or marble to be processed;
    - divide the scan, the video image or the digital photography into finite elements;
    - obtain some parameters defining the color of each finite element;
    - adjust by command of an operator or automatically the color defining parameters of one or more finite elements to increase the aesthetic value of the piece of natural stone or marble in process;
    - produce first instructions or a first computer file encoding instructions for the application of a fitness mask; and a second instructions or a second computer file that encodes instructions for the application of a printing mask based on the adjustment of the color defining parameters of one or more finite elements;
    - sending the first instructions or the first computer file with the instructions for applying the physical conditioning mask to the piece of natural stone or marble that is being processed to an apparatus configured to carry out the physical conditioning according to said first instructions; and
    - sending the second instructions or the second computer file with the instructions for applying the printing mask to the piece of natural stone or marble that is being processed to a printing station configured to operate according to said second instructions.
    [22]
    22. A production line to carry out a computerized process of aesthetic revaluation of pieces of natural stone or marble, comprising:
    - a computer according to claim 21;
    - an apparatus configured to perform physical conditioning on pieces of natural stone or marble according to the first instructions for applying the physical conditioning mask produced by the computer; and
    - a printing station configured to operate according to the second instructions for the application of the printing mask produced by the computer.
    [23]
    23. A computer medium that stores a software with instructions to configure or operate a computer according to claim 21.
    [24]
    24. A piece of aesthetically enhanced natural stone or marble obtainable according to the process of claims 1 to 20.
    one
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2757981B2|2021-01-13|
    WO2020089498A1|2020-05-07|
    EP3888865A1|2021-10-06|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FR2676025A1|1991-04-30|1992-11-06|Coton Jean|Method and device for automatically producing a mosaic|
    ES2152778A1|1997-07-16|2001-02-01|Marmoles Artisticos F J Pardo|Improvements introduced to invention patent num. P-9302510/6 for: process for decorating marble and granite elements|
    EP1116602A1|2000-01-13|2001-07-18|Gilberto Dorazi|Method to make decorations on supports and device therefore|
    DE102010025159A1|2010-06-25|2011-12-29|Hamberger Industriewerke Gmbh|Method for color formation of wood surface of e.g. floor panel, involves detecting surface structure by scan station, storing structural data reproduced by surface structure, and controlling color application process based on data|
    ES2573342A1|2014-12-05|2016-06-07|Alberto ABAD ALONSO|Piece of colored natural stone |
    WO2017074686A1|2015-10-29|2017-05-04|Nike Innovate C.V.|Printing layer in response to substrate contour|
    US20170259500A1|2016-03-08|2017-09-14|Nike, Inc.|Printing Utilizing A Virtual Mask|
    法律状态:
    2020-04-30| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2757981 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20200430 |
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201831051A|ES2757981B2|2018-10-30|2018-10-30|Method of aesthetic revaluation of natural stone or marble slabs|ES201831051A| ES2757981B2|2018-10-30|2018-10-30|Method of aesthetic revaluation of natural stone or marble slabs|
    EP19878286.4A| EP3888865A1|2018-10-30|2019-10-28|Method for aesthetically enhancing slabs of natural stone or marble|
    PCT/ES2019/070730| WO2020089498A1|2018-10-30|2019-10-28|Method for aesthetically enhancing slabs of natural stone or marble|
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