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    • 专利摘要:
    Hydrogen generating device (1) from water, with hydrolysis chamber (2) which is an internal hollow of a hollow container (6) with gas outlet holes to evacuate generated hydrogen and oxygen, and water inlet holes for the passage of water to the hydrolysis chamber (2), which includes electrical energy emitters (4) on the wall (3) to emit electrical signals comprising electromagnetic waves between 3 MHz and 300 MHz into the hydrolysis chamber (2), and an electronic control module (17) to emit signals that cause the emitters (4) to generate superimposed electromagnetic waves that together have wave frequencies corresponding to a range of frequencies in which water molecules vibrate to produce vibratory reactions that break bonds between hydrogen and oxygen of water molecules to dissociate water in the hydrolysis chamber (2) into hydrogen and oxygen. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2748598A2
    申请号:ES202030021
    申请日:2018-03-23
    公开日:2020-03-17
    发明作者:Rodriguez Nicolás Antequera
    申请人:Domus Beta S L；Hammer & Stone S L；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002]
    [0003]
    [0004] TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [0005]
    [0006] The present invention belongs to the technical field of the methods and devices for the generation of hydrogen gas from water that are based on the radiation of water with radiofrequency signals capable of breaking the water molecule by means of this type of radiation.
    [0007]
    [0008] STATE OF THE ART PRIOR TO THE INVENTION
    [0009]
    [0010] Hydrogen and energy production are concepts that have been investigated in recent decades.
    [0011]
    [0012] Currently, almost all of hydrogen production comes from fossil fuels, a highly polluting process due to the emission of harmful gases and carbon dioxide, the latter element directly related to the greenhouse effect on the planet.
    [0013]
    [0014] The fact that this process is still being used is that methods such as electrolysis of water cannot be applied economically since the hydrogen produced by this process involves less energy than that used to obtain it. In the current state of Hydrogen generation, different types of systems are known that are fundamentally based on carrying out electrolysis that is efficient in economic terms. Thus, electrodes based on alloys are used, generally formed by precious metals or with a high economic cost, so although the electrolysis process may become economically viable, the cost of these alloys makes this type of process unfeasible. In other cases, electrolysis processes have been carried out based on inexpensive materials but which present the problem of not offering great industrial performance.
    [0015] At a more specific level of the state of the art, technologies are being designed Alternatives for the generation of hydrogen that try to solve the problem of electrolysis, making it more efficient in economic terms, but that finally, at the level of its industrial implantation, do not achieve their objective satisfactorily due to the increase in scale and the difficulty of its implantation. because it includes many elements with complicated installations and maintenance, or because it includes high-cost elements as mentioned in the previous paragraphs.
    [0016]
    [0017] Thus, patent US6534033 describes a hydrogen generation and storage system based on metal hydrides. Elements such as sodium borohydride (NaBH4) are described as preferred over other types of hydrides. A process is described in which borohydride reacts with water producing hydrogen (H 2 ) and borate (BO 2 ) gas. However, it is a very slow process that is not feasible on an industrial scale and, therefore, requires the use of complex catalytic systems that suffer wear and have a high cost. Furthermore, in any case, the use of these catalytic systems does not optimize the process for industrial use. However, as indicated in patent US6534033, metal hydrides are valid for the storage of hydrogen.
    [0018]
    [0019] In patent US7344571 a hydrogen generation system is described where a container is designed that contains what it calls hydrogen in solid form through hydrides and that by means of a process generates hydrogen in the form of gas. It is a device for storing hydrogen and that is capable of releasing that previously stored hydrogen in the form of a gas.
    [0020]
    [0021] Patent US7455829 is also based on the generation of hydrogen through chemical hydrides and where it uses a reaction process between the hydride and steam of distilled water. Water vapor is achieved by a chemical mixture that generates water vapor starting at 0 degrees Celsius. Although the process is original, it is not suitable for industrial productions because it is a complex process that requires more frequent maintenance than other electrolysis processes.
    [0022]
    [0023] A hydrogen generator that improves electrolysis in certain aspects is the one mentioned in patent US7513978. In said document, a conventional electrolysis-based generator is described that has an optimized structure of cathodes and anodes but that makes use of additives such as electrolytes and other chemical elements. It is precisely these additives that actually carry out an electrolysis in a more optimized but their presence also implies the consequent economic addition of said additives and the wear of the cathodes and anodes due to the chemical reactions of the conventional electrolysis process. Furthermore, the difference in energy costs between conventional electrolysis and this type of method is small.
    [0024]
    [0025] In the same way as in the previous case, patent US7803349 describes a hydrogen generator based on electrodes basically formed by aluminum and where it is ensured that the purity of the hydrogen is 99.99% or higher. Actually the electrolysis process, in any of its versions produces hydrogen of that purity, this being the best characteristic of the electrolysis process. However, the electrodes always suffer wear and finally have to be replaced by new ones, the case of aluminum electrodes being the most sensitive to corrosion and therefore having a shorter duration. In any case, it is a conventional electrolysis process with additives in the form of electrolyte.
    [0026]
    [0027] For its part, patent US7833473 basically presents a product for the storage of hydrogen based on alloys of materials, ceramic elements and where gallium is a present element. Therefore, it does not contemplate the production of hydrogen but focuses on the recovery of the hydrogen stored in the device.
    [0028]
    [0029] Similar to the process described in the aforementioned patent US7455829, the patent US7951349 describes a process of storage and generation of hydrogen through steam. Hydrogen in the form of gas is generated for use in combustion vehicles. In the same way as the previous patent, it is based on an electrolysis process with certain improvements but which does not solve the problem of generating hydrogen on demand with minimal cost.
    [0030]
    [0031] Another catalyst-based hydrogen generator is the one presented in patent application US20060185242. It uses 20% sodium borohydride, 8% potassium hydroxide and 72% water and a specifically designed catalyst that interacts with the above mixture to produce hydrogen more efficiently. The efficiency of the process must be low due to the mixture used as well as the cost of the catalyst must be high for the generation of hydrogen and its useful life, which will require its replacement and whose process is usually expensive.
    [0032] On the other hand, and already in the field of hydrogen generation based on cd water radiation with radiofrequency signals, there are some references that show the breakdown of the water molecule using this type of radiation.
    [0033]
    [0034] Thus, patent application US20090294300 describes a system, which is based on the combustion that occurs in salt water due to the use of a certain radio frequency signal in a certain device. As is known, water is impossible to burn but scientifically speaking, the generation of a flame and, therefore, the generation of a "fuel" is scientifically feasible. It is not really a mystery what happens in the process exposed in the analyzed patent. Hydrogen cannot burn if it is linked to oxygen (as in water). But, if water is mixed with sodium chloride, the bonds between hydrogen and oxygens in the water molecule are weakened. So if an interaction process is carried out with a very strong radio wave, the hydrogen and oxygen can separate. If heat is added as well, then the hydrogen will produce a flame, and this is what really burns. The process has separated oxygen and hydrogen and is burning the hydrogen, not the water. However, the process generates a flame but does not collect hydrogen or oxygen and works exclusively with salt water due to what was previously explained. Therefore, the process can be understood as a heat generator or combustion process due to hydrogen.
    [0035]
    [0036] Finally, patent EP2911976A4 refers to a hydrogen generator based on radio waves that act on water droplets and whose main disadvantage resides in the slowness of the process and the use of electrolytes.
    [0037]
    [0038] The current state of the art and the various methods contemplated for the production of hydrogen do not satisfactorily solve the problem of generating hydrogen on demand so that the process is commercially viable in economic terms and performance on an industrial scale.
    [0039] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0040]
    [0041] The present invention has for its object to solve the drawbacks inherent in the state of the art by means of a technology based on electromagnetic waves and the principle of superposition thereof in such a way that a vibratory chain reaction is carried out, which is capable of breaking covalent bonds between hydrogen and oxygen with efficient performance using a hydrolysis chamber structure specially designed for this purpose.
    [0042]
    [0043] Thus, the present invention relates to a hydrogen gas generating device from water, a hydrogen gas production installation comprising the generating device, and an electric power generation system comprising the hydrogen gas production installation.
    [0044]
    [0045] According to the invention, the generating device comprises a hydrolysis chamber surrounded by a wall and communicated with the water chamber to dissociate water molecules present in the hydrolysis chamber in hydrogen and oxygen gases, the hydrolysis chamber comprising at least a water inlet to receive water to dissociate and at least one gas outlet to evacuate hydrogen and oxygen gases generated in the dissociation of water in the hydrolysis chamber, a plurality of electrical energy emitters connected to the hydrolysis chamber to dissociate water contained in the hydrolysis chamber in hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, and an electronic control module connected to the electric energy emitters and designed to control the electrical energy supplied to the electric energy emitters, a gas separator system to separate hydrogen gas of the gases generated in the hydrolysis chamber, and at least one output of h hydrogen to evacuate hydrogen gas separated by the gas separator system. In this generating device,
    [0046] the hydrolysis chamber is an internal hollow of a hollow container;
    [0047] the water inlet and the gas outlet comprise through holes in the wall of the hollow container;
    [0048] the wall of the hollow container comprises at least one gas outlet hole for evacuating the generated hydrogen and oxygen gases from the hydrolysis chamber, as well as at least one water inlet hole for the passage of water to the hydrolysis chamber;
    [0049] the electrical energy emitters are arranged on the wall of the hollow container, to emit respective electrical signals comprising waves Electromagnetic waves between 3 MHz and 300 MHz towards the interior of the hydrolysis chamber, the electronic control module is designed to emit signals that cause electric energy emitters to generate superimposed electromagnetic waves that together have wave frequencies corresponding to a range of frequencies in which water molecules vibrate to produce vibratory reactions in water molecules that break bonds between hydrogen and oxygen from water molecules to dissociate water contained in the hydrolysis chamber into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas.
    [0050]
    [0051] The present invention is based on the well-known fact that the molecules vibrate and that such vibration affects their bonds, taking into account the previous theory, it is a device that comprises a structure specially designed to facilitate the dissociation of water molecules , and an electronic device, connected to the previous structure and that generates signals that allow the elements arranged for it to vibrate in said structure.
    [0052]
    [0053] Thus, harmonic oscillations are known to occur when a system contains a part that experiences a restoring force proportional to the displacement of the equilibrium position.
    [0054]
    [0055] In quantum mechanics, the potential energy of a diatomic molecule increases if the nuclei are displaced from their equilibrium positions. When that displacement is small, the potential energy can be expressed as the first terms of a Taylor series:
    [0056]
    [0057]
    [0058]
    [0059] where
    [0060] V (x) is the potential energy at point x
    [0061] V (0) is the potential energy at point 0
    [0062] dV is the variation of potential energy
    [0063] dx is the variation of displacement (distance)
    [0064] d2V is the second variation of the potential
    [0065] dx2 is the second shift variation
    [0066]
    [0067] so the dV / dx ratio is the first derivative of the potential at point 0, and the d2V / dx2 ratio is the second derivative of the potential at point 0.
    [0068] In this way, it is possible to deduce if one is in a minimum or in a maximum of the function that represents the energy curve.
    [0069]
    [0070] Therefore, when the equilibrium bond length x = 0 and V (0) = 0, the potential energy curve has a minimum, as can be seen in Figure 1.
    [0071]
    [0072] For small displacements of the bonds of the atoms that make up a molecule, caused by vibrations, such as those that underlie the present invention, the terms larger than the second order can be omitted, so we are left with the following reduction that corresponds to the potential energy of the bonds in the molecule:
    [0073]
    [0074]
    [0075]
    [0076]
    [0077] where V (x), x2 d2V and dx2 have the meanings indicated above and k is the coupling constant and represents the potential energy of the bonds at point 0.
    [0078]
    [0079] Furthermore, the potential energy near the equilibrium distance is parabolic (that is, proportional to x2). Thus, the Hamiltonian operator for two atoms of masses m1 & m2 is,
    [0080]
    [0081]
    [0082]
    [0083]
    [0084] where k and dx2 have the meanings indicated above and
    [0085] H is the Hamiltonian operator
    [0086] m 1 is the mass of the first atom
    [0087] m 2 is the mass of the second atom
    [0088] h is the kinetic energy
    [0089] d2 is the second derivative of energy with respect to distance
    [0090] kx2 is the potential energy
    [0091]
    [0092] The Hamiltonian H has two different, though related, meanings. In classical mechanics, it is a function that describes the state of a mechanical system in terms of variables position and moment, and is the basis for the reformulation of classical mechanics known as Hamiltonian mechanics.
    [0093]
    [0094] Now, when the potential energy depends only on the separation between the particles of the system, it remains that,
    [0095]
    [0096]
    [0097]
    [0098]
    [0099]
    [0100] where m is the reduced mass, such that - = ------ 1 ------ m m1 m2
    [0101]
    [0102] and where H, h, d2, kx2 and dx2, m 1 and m 2 have the meanings indicated above.
    [0103]
    [0104] The appearance of the reduced mass m in the Hamiltonian is physically plausible, because the movement is dominated by the lightest atom (compared to the other atom). When my >> m2 it can be assumed that m «m2 is, that is, m is approximately the mass of the lightest particle. A Hamiltonian with a parabolic potential energy is characteristic of a harmonic oscillator, so it is possible to adopt the commented solutions, such that,
    [0105]
    [0106]
    [0107]
    [0108] where
    [0109] Ev is the value of the Hamiltonian operator with parabolic potential energy v and k have the aforementioned meanings and have v a value of 1,2, 3, ... n
    [0110] m is the atomic mass of the lightest atom of the atoms that make up the molecule
    [0111] ho is the separation between the different levels of vibrational energies or is the equilibrium vibrational frequency, that is, the harmonic frequency
    [0112]
    [0113] The internal motion of a diatomic molecule is made up of the motion of vibration, namely the change in the distance r between the nuclei of the atoms, and the rotational motion, namely the change in the spatial orientation of the line connecting the nuclei (see figure 2), the motion of vibration and its associated energy levels being of interest in the case of the present invention.
    [0114]
    [0115] Thus, in terms of model approximation, the vibrational energy levels of a diatomic molecule, such as water, can be reasonably well approximated by the vibrational energy levels of the harmonic oscillator, so we have to apply the following calculation:
    [0116]
    [0117]
    [0118]
    [0119] where ha and v have the meanings indicated above
    [0120] Evib is the vibrational energy of the diatomic molecule, and
    [0121] v is a vibrational quantum number selected from 1,2, 3 ... m
    [0122] a is the vibrational or harmonic frequency expressed according to the formula
    [0123]
    [0124]
    [0125]
    [0126] in which
    [0127] 2% is the constant Tau used in circular or vibratory movements, whose value is twice the value of%
    [0128] k is the bond constant, that is, the coupling constant that represents the potential energy of the bonds
    [0129] ^ is the reduced mass of the system, that is, of the molecule
    [0130]
    [0131] However, it must be taken into account that, unlike the harmonic oscillator, a diatomic molecule has a finite number of binding vibrational levels (see figure 3). A more precise expression for molecular vibrational energy is that expressed as,
    [0132]
    [0133]
    [0134]
    [0135]
    [0136] where v has the meaning indicated above
    [0137] Ev is the vibrational energy
    [0138] haxe is the equilibrium distance between the atoms of the molecule, that is, the distance between atoms of the molecule without external input of energy
    [0139] On the previous basis, it can be concluded that instead of being equally spaced, the vibrational levels of the molecule get closer and closer as v increases and finally the vibrational energy becomes large enough to cause the dissociation of the molecule into its atoms.
    [0140]
    [0141] In the case of triatomic molecules, as in the case of the water molecule, the previous theory serves as a precedent to this case, but taking into account the new polyatomic structure, therefore, for a polyatomic molecule with N atoms, the hypersurface of potential energy it is a function of 3N - 6 variables. This is so because the degrees of freedom (translation, rotation and vibration) of N atoms are 3N. A function of three variables cannot be represented graphically and in general U (R) is represented in the z coordinate against two other x, y coordinates, while keeping the rest of the fixed variables (Figure 4).
    [0142]
    [0143] In a diatomic molecule, there is only one way to vibrate, stretch or shorten the bond; on the other hand, in a polyatomic molecule, there are different ways of vibrating, depending on how the bonds are tensioned, the angles are flexed, etc. The resulting IR spectrum must necessarily be much more complex. Therefore, the most appropriate way to express these modes of vibration would be through particular coordinates (normal vibration coordinates, Qi) that would allow the molecular potential to be expressed as the sum of harmonic potentials, such that,
    [0144]
    [0145]
    [0146]
    [0147]
    [0148] being the precedent of the previous formula, the case seen in the diatomic model, and where V is the potential energy of the bonds of the molecule
    [0149] N is the number of atoms in the molecule
    [0150] ki is the atomic bond force constant
    [0151] Qi2 are the normal vibration coordinates
    [0152]
    [0153] In an embodiment of the invention, the wave frequencies of the superimposed electromagnetic waves generated by the electric power emitters are comprised between 5 MHz and 50 MHz, such as for example between 20 MHz and 30 MHz.
    [0154] In turn, the electrical energy emitted by the electrical energy emitters can have a power of 600 W at 1.5 KW, particularly from 700 W to 1.2 KW.
    [0155]
    [0156] All or at least a part of the electrical energy emitters may comprise metal rod electrodes (pins) with free ends emerging into the hydrolysis chamber. Alternatively, all or at least a part of the electric energy emitters can be piezoelectric elements arranged on the wall of the hollow container, or conventional carbon dipoles themselves. Also alternatively, all or at least a part of the electrical energy emitters comprises metal electrodes with free ends finished off in plates arranged inside the hydrolysis chamber. Although preferably all electric power emitters are the same type described above, two or more of these types of emitters can also be combined. The metal electrodes preferably work as antennas emitting radio frequency waves or dipoles.
    [0157]
    [0158] Preferably, the electric energy emitters are arranged in opposite positions of opposite parts of the container wall, which contributes so that the electromagnetic waves they generate do not cancel each other.
    [0159]
    [0160] Preferably, the generating device comprises at least one water tank to contain water to be dissociated, and the hollow container is immobilized in the water tank, so that, during the dissociation of the water, it is at least partially submerged in the water contained in it. the water tank, and each water inlet and each gas outlet pierces the wall of the container. The water tank may comprise at least one water supply inlet for receiving water and at least one outgoing gas evacuation outlet from the hollow container. Preferably, the hollow container is immobilized in the water tank, so that, at least during the dissociation of the water, it is completely submerged in the water contained in the water tank.
    [0161]
    [0162] In one embodiment of the generating device, the gas separator system is arranged in an upper space of the water tank; and it comprises a first evacuation outlet for evacuating outgoing hydrogen gas from the gas separator system, and a second evacuation outlet for evacuating outgoing oxygen gas from the gas separator system.
    [0163]
    [0164] The water tank can comprise a lower buffer chamber to avoid that the water entering the tank causes turbulence in the body of water entering the water tank in which the hollow container is at least partially submerged and that could hinder the entry of water into the hydrolysis chamber. This buffer chamber is located in a lower part of the water tank under the hollow container, and an upper chamber in which the hollow container is arranged. A buffer plate, such as a perforated plate, is arranged between the lower buffer chamber and the upper chamber, allowing water flow from the lower chamber to the upper chamber, and each water supply inlet flows into the chamber damping.
    [0165]
    [0166] According to a preferred embodiment of the hollow container, the internal recess of the hollow container is in the form of a convex polyhedron, preferably a geodesic dome, the faces of which are defined on internal polygonal surfaces of the wall of the hollow container, more preferably an irregular polyhedron shape, such as for example, a truncated icosahedron or geodesic dome, which consists of 12 pentagons and 20 hexagons and whose faces are defined by internal polygonal surfaces on the wall of the hollow container.
    [0167]
    [0168] In this preferred embodiment of the hollow container, the electrical energy emitters can be arranged in correspondence with respective centers of the internal polygonal surfaces of the wall of the hollow container. In turn, the hollow container may comprise a plurality of first through holes that pierce the wall of the container in the upper half of the container and a plurality of second through holes that pierce the wall of the container in the upper half of the container. These through holes are preferably present in correspondence with the vertices of the internal polygonal surfaces of the wall of the hollow container. The through holes that pierce the wall of the hollow container can have an average diameter of 2 to 5 mm, particularly 2.5 to 3 mm,
    [0169]
    [0170] In other embodiments of the hollow container, the internal cavity of the container is shaped like a sphere or spheroid (such as ovular), delimited by the wall of the hollow container. Also in these embodiments, the hollow container may comprise a plurality of first through holes that pierce the wall of the hollow container in the upper half of the container and a plurality of second through holes that pierce the wall of the hollow container in the upper half of the container. Also in this case, through holes passing through the wall of the hollow container may have an average diameter of 2 to 5 mm, particularly 2.5 to 3 mm,
    [0171]
    [0172] The hollow container may have an outer sphere or spheroid shape, and be made of a material selected from heat-resistant plastic materials and ceramic materials.
    [0173]
    [0174] The hydrogen gas production installation according to the invention comprises an electrical power source, a hydrogen gas generating device, a water supply system supplying water to the generating device, a hydrogen gas collecting system generated by the generating device, a hydrogen gas storage system collected by the collecting system, in which the generating device is the generating device with the main characteristics and, where appropriate, one or more of the optional or preferred characteristics, previously described, and in which The electrical power supply is connected to the electrical energy emitters through the electronic control module.
    [0175]
    [0176] The installation's power supply may comprise a battery that supplies electrical energy to the electronic control module and a photovoltaic installation that supplies electrical energy to the battery and, in addition, a system for collecting the oxygen gas generated by the generating device, and a system for storing the oxygen gas collected by the collection system.
    [0177]
    [0178] In turn, the electric power generation system comprising at least one fuel cell that generates power from a reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, a hydrogen and oxygen supply system connected to the fuel cell, and an installation hydrogen gas production plant with the main characteristics and, where appropriate, one or more of the optional or preferred characteristics, previously described, and in which the hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell comes from the hydrogen gas separated by the gas device of the generating device included in the installation. In this system, the oxygen supplied to the fuel cell can come from the oxygen gas separated by the gas separating device of the generating device.
    [0179]
    [0180] The hydrogen gas production installation can be integrated into an electric power generation system that includes a fuel cell. The hydrogen tank and the oxygen supply from the ambient air or, where appropriate, the oxygen tank, they are connected to the fuel cell in a conventional manner, respectively, through a hydrogen conduit and an oxygen conduit to supply hydrogen gas and oxygen gas to the fuel cell, which generates electrical energy from a reaction of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas that results in the formation of water that must be evacuated from the fuel cell, for which it can be connected through a water line to the water supply tank from which the water that can be circulated to through the water line to the water supply inlet of the generating device or, where appropriate, discarded outside the installation. In the event that the installation does not comprise a collection of the oxygen gas generated in the generating device and its storage in an oxygen tank, the oxygen gas necessary for the reaction in the fuel cell can be collected from the ambient air.
    [0181]
    [0182] The electricity output of the fuel cell, that is to say its anode and its cathode, can be connected to an electrical control module that can comprise, according to the intended applications, a transformer, a current inverter, etc., which at its Instead, it can be connected, through a first electrical line, to an electrical device, such as, for example, an electric accumulator, an electricity transport line, an electric motor, etc ... The electrical control module can be in turn connected, through a second power line, to the power supply module, which may use the electrical energy received from the electrical control module to charge the backup battery and / or to supply power to the electronic module of control that generates the electromagnetic waves for the dissociation of the water that is in the hydrolysis chamber of the generating device.
    [0183]
    [0184] The hydrogen gas production installation and the electrical generation system may further comprise additional elements which are conventional in themselves, such as, for example, gas and water pressure sensors, electrical sensors, an electrical system for protection against overloads, shut-off valves and for safety, pumps that pump hydrogen gas and hydrogen gas to their respective tanks, a water pump to pump water from the water supply tank to the generating device.
    [0185]
    [0186] In one embodiment of the electrical generation system, the electrical power source is a photovoltaic device whose photovoltaic elements may be photovoltaic cells arranged in rigid panels arranged on external parts of the body. of the car, or layers of photovoltaic paint applied to external parts of the body. Those body parts can preferably be those parts of the car body exposed to a maximum of solar radiation such as the roof, hood and / or the boot lid.
    [0187]
    [0188] The electrical power supply provides electrical energy to an electrical supply module connected in turn to the electronic control module that generates and transmits to the energy emitters the electromagnetic waves that are used in the generating device to dissociate the water present in the chamber hydrolysis in hydrogen gas and oxygen gas.
    [0189]
    [0190] The hydrogen gas produced in the generating device can be carried to and accumulate in the hydrogen tank through the first gas line while the generated oxygen leaves the generating device through the second gas line.
    [0191]
    [0192] The fuel cell receives hydrogen gas from the hydrogen tank through the hydrogen duct, and oxygen gas contained in the ambient air through the air intake duct that leads to a vehicle air intake. The water generated in the fuel cell is evacuated through the water line. The water line and the oxygen line are connected in an exhaust pipe whereby the oxygen gas generated in the generating device and water generated in the fuel cell are evacuated to the exterior of the vehicle.
    [0193]
    [0194] Through its electrical energy output and the electrical control module, the fuel cell supplies electrical energy to the electrical device, which in this case can be a conventional electric accumulator, depending on the performance designed with respect to hydrogen production. by the generating device, such as the electric accumulators already used in hybrid cars, or the car batteries used in cars with an internal combustion engine.
    [0195]
    [0196] The electrical device, that is to say the electrical accumulator in the case of this embodiment, supplies electrical energy, in a manner known per se, to the electricity consuming systems of the automobile comprising the motion generating system comprising the electric propulsion motors, and electrical systems such as exterior and interior lighting, air conditioning, fans, comfort and safety elements, hydraulic power steering and servo brake pumps, etc.
    [0197] The vehicle generating device, power supply, backup battery, hydrogen tank, fuel cell, electrical power outlet, electrical device, electrical systems, and motion generating systems of the vehicle are connected to one system of sensors that allow detecting / monitoring the state of the aforementioned elements. These sensors are connected to the power supply module that is programmed to record and evaluate the measurements detected by the sensor system and to govern and distribute energy based on said measurements and the vehicle's energy demand at all times as well as the state of the electric battery, the hydrogen tank and, in general, the condition indicated by the respective electrical demand sensors.
    [0198]
    [0199] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    [0200]
    [0201] Embodiments of the invention will now be described on the basis of schematic drawings, in which
    [0202]
    [0203] Figure 1 is a graph showing the potential energy curve of a diatomic molecule;
    [0204]
    [0205] Figure 2 is a graph showing the effects of internal motion on the potential energy of a diatomic molecule and its associated energy levels;
    [0206]
    [0207] Figure 3 is a graph showing the effects of a finite number of binding vibrational levels on a diatomic molecule.
    [0208]
    [0209] Figure 4 is a graph showing the representative coordinates at which translational, rotational, and vibrational movements occur in a polyatomic molecule.
    [0210]
    [0211] Figure 5 is a view is a sectional elevation view of an embodiment of the hydrogen gas generating device according to the invention;
    [0212]
    [0213] Figure 6 is a sectional view on the line AA of the generator device illustrated in Figure 5;
    [0214] Figure 7 is a sectional view along the line B-B that appears in Figure 6, of the inside a first embodiment of the hollow container integrated in the generating device that is illustrated in Figures 5 and 6;
    [0215]
    [0216] figure 8 a view of the detail I indicated in figure 7;
    [0217]
    [0218] Figure 9 is a sectional view along the line D-D that appears in Figure 8;
    [0219]
    [0220] Figure 10 is a sectional view along the line B-B that appears in Figure 2 of the interior of a second embodiment of the hollow container integrated in the generating device that is illustrated in Figures 5 and 6;
    [0221]
    [0222] figure 11 is a view of the detail I indicated in figure 10;
    [0223]
    [0224] Figure 12 is a sectional view along the line E-E that appears in Figure 11;
    [0225]
    [0226] Figure 13 is a sectional view along the line B-B that appears in Figure 6 of the interior of a third embodiment of the hollow container integrated in the generating device that is illustrated in Figures 5 and 6;
    [0227]
    [0228] figure 14 is a view of the detail I indicated in figure 13;
    [0229]
    [0230] Figure 15 is a sectional view along the line F-F that appears in Figure 14;
    [0231]
    [0232] Figure 16 is a sectional view on line C-C of the generator device illustrated in Figure 5; in which in addition the wall of the hollow container is shown transparent so that the configuration of the internal surface of the wall can be appreciated;
    [0233]
    [0234] Figures 17A, 17B, 17C 17D and 17E are simplified cross-sectional views of the hollow container of Figure 6, schematically showing the behavior of electromagnetic waves emitted by electrical energy emitters;
    [0235]
    [0236] Figure 18 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a hydrogen gas production installation according to the invention, applied to a system of generation of electrical energy and incorporating a generating device according to the invention, connected to a fuel cell;
    [0237]
    [0238] Figure 19 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the electric power generation system incorporating the hydrogen gas production installation according to the invention, applied to a vehicle.
    [0239]
    [0240] In these figures reference signs appear that identify the following:
    [0241] 1 generator device
    [0242] 2 hydrolysis chamber
    [0243] 3 wall
    [0244] 3rd internal polygonal surfaces
    [0245] 4 electric power emitter
    [0246] 4th free end
    [0247] 4b piezoelectric element
    [0248] 4c plate
    [0249] 4d connector part
    [0250] 5 gas separator system
    [0251] 6 hollow container
    [0252] 7 through holes
    [0253] 8 water tank
    [0254] 9 water supply inlet
    [0255] 9a water conduction
    [0256] 10 first evacuation outlet to evacuate hydrogen gas
    [0257] 10th first gas pipe
    [0258] 11 second evacuation outlet to evacuate oxygen gas
    [0259] 11th second gas line
    [0260] 12 lower buffer chamber
    [0261] 13 upper chamber
    [0262] 14 damping plate
    [0263] 15 support
    [0264] 16 signal transmitter cable
    [0265] 17 electronic control module
    [0266] 18 power supply module
    [0267] 19 power supply
    [0268] 20 battery
    [0269] 21 water supply tank
    [0270] 22 hydrogen tank
    [0271] 22nd hydrogen conduit
    [0272] 23 oxygen tank
    [0273] 23rd oxygen line
    [0274] 23b intake duct
    [0275] 24 fuel cell
    [0276] 24a water pipe
    [0277] 25 electric power output
    [0278] 26 electrical control module
    [0279] 26th first power line
    [0280] 26b second power line
    [0281] 27 electrical device
    [0282] 28 electrical energy consuming systems
    [0283] 28a motion generating systems
    [0284] 28b electrical systems
    [0285] 29 sensor system
    [0286] 30 exhaust pipe
    [0287]
    [0288] W electromagnetic waves emitted
    [0289] W ’reflected electromagnetic waves
    [0290] P. P ’interference point
    [0291] Z interference zone
    [0292]
    [0293] MODES OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
    [0294]
    [0295] In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 5-17, the hydrogen gas generating device (1) from water comprises a hydrolysis chamber (2) surrounded by a wall (3) to dissociate water molecules present in the chamber of hydrolysis (2) in hydrogen and oxygen gases. The hydrolysis chamber (2) is an internal cavity of a hollow container (6) that comprises the wall (3) that surrounds the hydrolysis chamber (2). The internal hollow of the hollow container (6) is shaped like a geodesic dome, made up of 12 pentagons and 20 hexagons, whose faces are defined by internal polygonal surfaces (3a) on the wall (3) of the hollow container (6). The hollow container (6) has an outer sphere shape and is made of a heat resistant plastic material.
    [0296] The wall (3) of the hollow container (6) is provided with through holes (7) that include inlet holes for the passage of water to dissociate into the internal cavity that forms the hydrolysis chamber (2), and for the outlet of Hydrogen and oxygen gases generated in the dissociation of water in the hydrolysis chamber (2). As can be seen, first through holes (7) are provided that go through the wall (3) of the hollow container (6) in the upper half of the hollow container (6) and second through holes (7) that go through the wall (3) of the hollow container (6) in the upper half of the hollow container (6). The through holes (7) are located in correspondence with the vertices of the internal polygonal surfaces (3a) of the wall (3) of the hollow container (6). The through holes (7) can have an average diameter of 2 to 5 mm, such as for example 2.5 to 3 mm.
    [0297]
    [0298] The generator device (1) comprises a water tank (8) to contain water to be dissociated, and in which the hollow container (6) is immobilized by eight supports (15) so that, during the dissociation of the water, it is submerged in the water contained in the water tank (8). The water tank (8) further comprises a water supply inlet (9) to receive water to dissociate. Each support extends diagonally between an inner vertex between two adjoining walls of the water tank (8) and the hollow container (6).
    [0299]
    [0300] The water tank (8) comprises a lower buffer chamber (12) which is located in a lower part of the water tank (8) under the hollow container (6), and an upper chamber (13) in which it is arranged of the hollow container (6). Disposed between the lower buffer chamber (12) and the upper chamber (13) is a perforated plate that has the function of a buffer plate (14) that prevents the water that has entered through the supply inlet (9) from flowing the lower chamber (12) towards the upper chamber (13) and enter the upper chamber (13) evenly and without turbulence.
    [0301]
    [0302] In an upper space of the water tank (8) there is a gas separator system (5) that comprises a first evacuation outlet (10) to evacuate hydrogen gas leaving the gas separator system (5), and a second outlet for evacuation (11) to evacuate outgoing oxygen gas from the gas separator system (5).
    [0303]
    [0304] To dissociate water contained in the hydrolysis chamber (2) into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, the generator device (1) is provided with a plurality of emitters (4) electrical energy in the form of electromagnetic wave signals, connected to the hydrolysis chamber (2). In particular, the electric energy emitters (4) are arranged on the wall (3) of the hollow container (6), to emit respective electrical signals that comprise electromagnetic waves towards the interior of the hydrolysis chamber (2).
    [0305]
    [0306] The emitters (4) arranged in correspondence with respective centers of the internal polygonal surfaces (3a) of the wall (3) of the hollow container (6), so that they are in non-facing positions of opposite parts of the wall (3) of the hollow container (6), so that basically the magnetic waves emitted by the different emitters (4) are prevented from canceling each other out, and they are superimposed on each other. In the embodiments illustrated in the figures, there are 32 emitters (4), one on each internal polygonal surface (3a) that forms a respective face of the geodesic dome composed of 12 pentagons and 20 hexagons. According to this embodiment, each support (15) guides four conductor cables (16).
    [0307]
    [0308] It has been verified that a hollow container (6) whose configured hydrolysis chamber has a geodesic dome shape of 10-15 cm in diameter, provided with 32 pin-shaped electrical energy emitters (4), to which a Electric current of certain frequencies between 5 and 25 MHz and with a power of 800W, is capable of generating about 100 liters of hydrogen gas per hour from the water contained in the hydrolysis chamber.
    [0309]
    [0310] The emitters receive signals from an electronic control module (17) (figure 16) that is designed to emit signals that cause the electrical energy emitters (4) to generate superimposed electromagnetic waves that together have wave frequencies corresponding to a range of frequencies in which water molecules vibrate to produce vibratory reactions in water molecules that break bonds between hydrogen and oxygen from water molecules to dissociate water contained in the hydrolysis chamber (2) in hydrogen gas and oxygen gas . The wave frequencies of the superimposed electromagnetic waves can be between 5 MHz and 50 MHz, and the electrical energy emitted by the electrical energy emitters (4) can have a power of 600 W at 1.5 KW.
    [0311]
    [0312] Figures 7-9 illustrate a first embodiment of the energy emitters (4), according to which each energy emitter (4) comprises a metallic electrode of rod (pin) with a free end (4a) emerging from one of the internal polygonal surfaces (3a) of the wall (3) of the hollow container (6) into the hydrolysis chamber (2).
    [0313]
    [0314] Figures 10-12 illustrate a second embodiment of the energy emitters (4), according to which each energy emitter (4) comprises a piezoelectric element (4b) arranged on one of the internal polygonal surfaces (3a) of the wall (3) of the hollow container (6) inside the hydrolysis chamber (2).
    [0315]
    [0316] Figures 13-15 illustrate a third embodiment of the energy emitters (4), according to which each energy emitter (4) comprises a metal electrode with a free end capped on a plate (4c) arranged in one of the Internal polygonal surfaces (3a) of the wall (3) of the hydrolysis chamber (2).
    [0317]
    [0318] In any of these three embodiments, each energy emitter (4) is, as shown in Figure 16, connected to a signal conductor cable (16) by means of a connector part (4d). As can be seen in figure 16, several of the conductor cables (16) extend from the connecting part (4b) towards the support (15) that is closest to them and enter the interior of the corresponding support (15) it can be, for example, a tubular support). Inside the support (15), the conductive cables (16) are guided to the electronic control module (17), which in turn receives electrical energy from the electrical supply module (18).
    [0319]
    [0320] To generate hydrogen, the water tank (8) is filled with water through the water supply inlet (9). The water present in the water tank (8) penetrates through the through holes (7) in the wall (3) of the hollow container (6) into the hydrolysis chamber (2). The water tank (8) is filled until the hollow container (6) is completely submerged.
    [0321]
    [0322] When the energy emitters (4) are activated, the water present in the hydrolysis chamber (2) hydrolyzes into oxygen and hydrogen, which bubble up to the top of the hydrolysis chamber (2) and leave it through the holes ( 7) towards the upper part of the water tank (8), from where the conventional gas separating system (5) enters, where they are separated into hydrogen leaving the first evacuation outlet (10) and oxygen that exits through the second evacuation exit (11). As the hydrogen and oxygen leave the water tank (8), supplying water through the water supply inlet (9) so that the necessary volume of water to be dissociated in the hollow container (6) is maintained.
    [0323]
    [0324] The electric energy emitters (4) emit electromagnetic waves inside the hydrolysis chamber (2) so that a dissociation of the water present in the hydrolysis chamber (2) into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas occurs. Figures 17A-17E show by way of example some of the electromagnetic waves (W) that are emitted into the hydrolysis chamber (2). Thus, in figures 17A, 17B, 17C, 17D and 17E the behavior of electromagnetic waves (W) emitted by some of the electrical energy emitters (4) inside the hydrolysis chamber is shown schematically as simplified examples. (2) of the hollow container (6) filled with water (not shown in Figures 17A-17E) to be dissociated.
    [0325]
    [0326] The hollow container (6) to which these figures refer, is the one shown in Figure 6, that is, its internal hollow that makes up the hydrolysis chamber is shaped like a geodesic dome, made up of 12 pentagons and 20 hexagons, so that it comprises 32 electric energy emitters (4), one in the center of each internal polygonal surface (3a) that forms a respective face of the geodesic dome. In this way, the energy emitters (4) are in non-facing positions on opposite parts of the wall (3) of the hollow container (6), so that basically the magnetic waves emitted by the different emitters (4) are prevented. ) cancel each other out, and get them to overlap each other
    [0327]
    [0328] In figure 17A, three electromagnetic waves (W) emitted by respective electric energy emitters (4) can be seen from non-facing places. These electromagnetic waves (W) advance through the water inside the hydrolysis chamber (2) in the direction of the arrows towards the opposite internal polygonal surface (3a) of the hollow container (6), and cross each other at a point of interference (P) in which the superposition of said waves begins (W).
    [0329]
    [0330] In figure 17B, electromagnetic waves (W) emitted by two electric energy emitters (4) can be seen that also advance through the water inside the hydrolysis chamber (2) in the direction of the arrows towards the internal polygonal surface (3a) opposite the hollow container (6) and they cross each other at an interference point (P) at which the superposition of said waves (W) begins. The superimposed electromagnetic waves then advance through the water towards their respective internal polygonal surfaces (3a) of the hydrolysis chamber (2) where they "bounce" towards the interior of the hydrolysis chamber (2) as reflected superimposed electromagnetic waves (W ') which in turn also intersect at another point of interference (P ') where another superposition of electromagnetic waves occurs.
    [0331]
    [0332] Figure 17C shows electromagnetic waves (W) emitted by an electric energy emitter (4) that also advance through the water inside the hydrolysis chamber (2) in the direction of the arrows towards the opposite internal polygonal surface (3a) of the hollow container (6) where they "bounce" towards the interior of the hydrolysis chamber (2) as reflected superimposed electromagnetic waves (W ') which in turn intersect with the electromagnetic waves (W) emitted by the emitter (4) of electrical energy at another point of interference (P ') where another superposition of electromagnetic waves occurs.
    [0333]
    [0334] Figure 17D shows electromagnetic waves (W) emitted by 10 electric energy emitters (4). The electromagnetic waves advance through the water inside the hydrolysis chamber (2) in the direction of the arrows marked in continuous lines towards the respective opposite internal polygonal surfaces (3a) of the hollow container (6) and cross each other in respective interference points at which the overlaps of these waves begin. The superimposed electromagnetic waves then advance towards respective internal polygonal surfaces (3a) of the hydrolysis chamber (2) where they "bounce" into the hydrolysis chamber (2) in the direction of the arrows marked with dashed lines as superimposed electromagnetic waves reflected, which in turn also cross each other and with the electromagnetic waves emitted by the electrical energy emitters (4) at respective interference points.
    [0335]
    [0336] The reflected electromagnetic waves also "bounce" off the wall towards the opposite wall reaching into the hydrolysis chamber (2), intersecting with electromagnetic waves emitted by the emitters (4) and reflected electromagnetic waves with those found in its advance through the hydrolysis chamber (2) towards the internal polygonal wall (3a) of the hollow container (6), which is not represented in figure 17D for reasons of clarity. a multitude of interference points (P, P ') where electromagnetic waves overlap.
    [0337]
    [0338] As can be seen in figure 17E, the multitude of interference points (P, P ') generated by the electromagnetic waves emitted by the 32 energy emitters (4) and the corresponding reflected electromagnetic waves form an interference zone (Z) in the hydrolysis chamber (2) of the hollow container (6).
    [0339]
    [0340] The electromagnetic waves superimposed as a whole present wave frequencies corresponding to a frequency range in which the water molecules present in the hydrolysis chamber vibrate (2) and produce vibratory reactions in the water molecules that break the bonds between hydrogen and oxygen from water molecules to dissociate water contained in the hydrolysis chamber into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas.
    [0341]
    [0342] Figure 18 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a hydrogen gas production installation integrated in an electric power generation system, both in accordance with the invention.
    [0343]
    [0344] It can be seen that the hydrogen gas production installation comprises an electronic control module (17) interconnected between the power supply module (18) and a hydrogen gas generating device (1) as the one described above. In turn, the power supply module (18) is connected to an electrical power source (19) and to a backup battery (20).
    [0345]
    [0346] The control device (17) generates the electromagnetic waves with wave frequencies corresponding to a frequency range in which water molecules vibrate, transmits them through the signal transmission cables (16) to the electric energy emitters (4 ) in the manner described above with reference to Figures 5 to 17.
    [0347]
    [0348] The electrical power source (19) can comprise, for example, a photovoltaic installation, a hydraulic energy installation, a geothermal energy installation, a power plant, and combinations thereof. Since the invention is based on the dissociation of water with electromagnetic waves with wave frequencies corresponding to a range of frequencies in which water molecules vibrate that produce vibratory reactions in the water molecules that break the bonds between hydrogen and oxygen of the water molecules to dissociate hydrogen water and oxygen gas, the electrical energy that the electrical power supply needs to provide can be low compared to water dissociation processes based on electrical energy alone.
    [0349] The water supply inlet (9) of the generating device (1) is connected to a water supply tank (21) by means of a water line (9a), while its first evacuation outlet (10) and its second outlet The evacuation pipes (11) are respectively connected by a first gas pipe (10a) to a hydrogen tank (22) and by a second gas pipe (11a) to an oxygen tank (23). Alternatively, for example in outdoor applications, the oxygen gas from the generating device (1) is not generated and is simply expelled into the environment.
    [0350]
    [0351] The hydrogen gas production installation schematically illustrated in Figure 18 is integrated into an electric power generation system comprising a fuel cell (24). The hydrogen tank (22) and the oxygen tank (23) are connected to the fuel cell (24) itself, respectively, through a hydrogen line (22a) and an oxygen line (23a) to supply gas. hydrogen and oxygen gas to the fuel cell (24) which generates electrical energy from a reaction of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas that results in the formation of water that must be evacuated from the fuel cell (24), for which This is connected by means of a water line conduit (24a) to the water supply tank (21) from which the water that can be circulated through the water line (9a) to the water supply inlet ( 9) of the generating device (1). In the event that the installation does not comprise a collection of the oxygen gas generated in the generating device (1) and its storage in an oxygen tank, the oxygen gas necessary for the reaction in the fuel cell can be collected from the ambient air.
    [0352]
    [0353] The electricity outlet (25) of the fuel cell (24), that is to say its anode and its cathode, are connected to an electrical control module (26) that can comprise, according to the intended applications, a transformer, a power inverter current, etc., which in turn is connected, through a first electrical line (26a), to an electrical device (27), such as, for example, an electric accumulator, an electricity transport line, a electric motor, etc. The electric control module (26) is in turn connected, through a second electric line (26b), to the electric power module (18), which can use the electrical energy received from the module electrical control (26) to charge the backup battery (20) and / or to supply power to the electronic control module (17) that generates the electromagnetic waves for the dissociation of the water that is in the chamber of hydrolysis of the generating device (1).
    [0354]
    [0355] The hydrogen gas production installation and the electrical generation system schematically illustrated in figure 18 further comprise additional elements (not illustrated in figure 18) in themselves conventional, such as for example gas and water pressure sensors, electrical sensors, an electrical overload protection system, shut-off and safety valves, pumps that pump hydrogen gas and hydrogen gas to their respective tanks (22, 23), a water pump to pump water from the supply tank water (21) to the generating device (1).
    [0356]
    [0357] FIG. 19 shows an embodiment of an electrical generation system according to the invention of the type as illustrated in FIG. 18, applied to a vehicle, for example a land vehicle, particularly a motor vehicle (not shown in FIG. 19).
    [0358]
    [0359] In the electrical generation system of figure 19, the electrical power supply (19) is a photovoltaic device whose photovoltaic elements can be photovoltaic cells arranged in rigid panels arranged in external parts of the car body, or layers of photovoltaic paint applied to parts external to the body. Those body parts can preferably be those parts of the car body exposed to a maximum of solar radiation such as the roof, hood and / or the boot lid.
    [0360]
    [0361] As in the embodiment of figure 18, the electrical power supply (19) supplies electrical power to an electrical power module (18) to the electronic control module (17) that generates and transmits the waves to the energy emitters. electromagnetic that are used in the generating device (1) to dissociate the water present in the hydrolysis chamber into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas.
    [0362]
    [0363] The hydrogen gas produced in the generating device (1) is brought to and accumulates in the hydrogen tank (22) through the first gas line (10a) while the generated oxygen leaves the generating device (1) through the second gas line (11a).
    [0364]
    [0365] The fuel cell (24) receives hydrogen gas from the hydrogen tank (22) at through the hydrogen duct (22a) and oxygen gas contained in the ambient air through the air intake duct (23b) that leads to an air intake (not shown in figure 19) of the vehicle. The water generated in the fuel cell (24) is evacuated through the water line (24a). The water line (24a) and the oxygen line (11a) are connected in an exhaust pipe (30) whereby the oxygen gas generated in the generating device (1) and water generated in the fuel cell (24) they are evacuated to the exterior of the vehicle.
    [0366]
    [0367] Through its electrical energy outlet (25) and the electrical control module (26), the fuel cell (24) supplies electrical energy to the electrical device (27) which in this case can be a conventional electric accumulator itself, depending on the performance designed with respect to the production of hydrogen by the generating device, such as the electric accumulators already currently used in hybrid cars or, car batteries used in cars with an internal combustion engine.
    [0368]
    [0369] The electric device (27), that is to say the electric accumulator in the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 19, supplies electric power, in a manner known per se, to the electricity consuming systems (28) of the automobile that comprise the generator system movement (28a) comprising electric propulsion motors, and electrical systems (28b) such as exterior and interior lighting, air conditioning, fans, comfort and safety elements, hydraulic power steering and servo brake pumps, etc. (not shown in figure 19).
    [0370]
    [0371] The generating device (1), the power supply (19), the backup battery (20), the hydrogen tank (22), the fuel cell (24), the electrical energy outlet (25), the device electrical (26), electrical systems (28b) and motion generating systems (28a) of the vehicle are connected to a system of sensors (29) that allow to detect / monitor the state of the aforementioned elements. This sensor system (29) is connected to the power supply module (18) which is programmed to record and evaluate the measurements detected by the sensor system (29) and to govern and distribute energy based on said measurements and demand vehicle energy at all times as well as the status of the electric battery, the hydrogen tank and, in general, the status of the respective electrical demand sensors.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [0001]
    1. Device for generating (1) hydrogen gas from water, comprising
    a hydrolysis chamber (2) surrounded by a wall (3) to dissociate water molecules present in the hydrolysis chamber (2) in hydrogen and oxygen gases, the hydrolysis chamber (2) comprising at least one water inlet to receive water to dissociate and at least one gas outlet to evacuate hydrogen and oxygen gases generated in the dissociation of water in the hydrolysis chamber (2), the hydrolysis chamber (2) being an internal hollow of a hollow container ( 6) comprising the wall (3) surrounding the hydrolysis chamber (2),
    a plurality of electrical energy emitters (4) connected to the hydrolysis chamber (2) to dissociate water contained in the hydrolysis chamber (2) into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, and to an electronic control module (17) connected to the electrical energy emitters (4) that receive electrical energy from an electrical power supply module (18) and designed to control the electrical energy supplied to electrical energy emitters (4), the electronic control module (17) being designed to emit signals that cause the electric energy emitters (4) to generate superimposed electromagnetic waves that together have wave frequencies corresponding to a range of frequencies in which water molecules vibrate to produce vibratory reactions in the water molecules that break bonds between hydrogen and oxygen from the water molecules to dissociate water contained in the hydrolysis chamber (2) in the hydrogen gas and oxygen gas,
    a gas separator system (5) to separate hydrogen gas from the gases generated in the hydrolysis chamber (2),
    at least a first hydrogen gas evacuation outlet (10) for evacuating hydrogen gas separated by the gas separator system,
    characterized in that
    the hollow container (6) is immobilized in a water tank (8) suitable for containing water to be dissociated, so that, during the dissociation of water, the hollow container (6) is at least partially submerged in the water contained in the tank from water (8);
    the water inlet and the gas outlet comprise through holes (7) in the wall (3) of the hollow container (6); comprising at least one gas outlet port for evacuating the generated hydrogen and oxygen gases from the hydrolysis chamber (2), as well as at least one water inlet port for the passage of water to the hydrolysis chamber (2) , passing each water inlet (7) and each gas outlet (7) through the wall (3) of the hollow container (6);
    the electrical energy emitters (4) are arranged in non-facing positions on opposite parts of the wall (3) of the hollow container (6), to emit respective electrical signals comprising electromagnetic waves of between 3 MHz and 300 MHz towards the inside the hydrolysis chamber (2).
    2. Generating device, according to claim 1, characterized in that the wave frequencies of the superimposed electromagnetic waves are between 5 MHz and 50 MHz.
    3. Generating device, according to claim 1, characterized in that the wave frequencies of the superimposed electromagnetic waves are comprised between 20 MHz and 30 MHz.
    Generating device, according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the electrical energy emitted by the electrical energy emitters (4) has a power of 600 W at 1.5 KW.
    5. Generating device, according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the electrical energy emitted by the electrical energy emitters (4) has a power of 700 W at 1.2 KW.
    Generating device, according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least a part of the electrical energy emitters (4) comprises metal rod electrodes (pins) with free ends (4a) emerging inside the hydrolysis chamber (2).
    7. Generating device, according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized because at least a part of the electrical energy emitters (4) is comprised of piezoelectric elements (4b) are arranged on the wall (3) of the hollow container (6).
    Generating device, according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least a part of the electrical energy emitters (4) comprises metal electrodes with free ends finished off in plates (4c) arranged inside that of the wall (3) of the hydrolysis chamber (2).
    9. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the water tank (8) comprises at least one water supply inlet (9) for receiving water and at least one evacuation outlet (10, 11) of outgoing gas from the hollow container (6).
    10. Generating device, according to claim 9, characterized in that
    the gas separator system (5) is arranged in an upper space of the water tank (8);
    it comprises a first evacuation outlet (10) to evacuate outgoing hydrogen gas from the gas separator system (5), and a second evacuation outlet (11) to evacuate outgoing oxygen gas from the gas separator system (5).
    11. Device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that
    the water tank (8) comprises a lower buffer chamber (12) which is located in a lower part of the water tank (8) under the hollow container (6), and an upper chamber (13) in which it is arranged of the hollow container (6);
    Disposed between the lower buffer chamber (12) and the upper chamber (13) is a buffer plate (14) that allows the flow of water from the lower chamber (12) to the upper chamber (13);
    each water supply inlet (9) flows into the lower buffer chamber (12).
    12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the damping plate (14) is a perforated plate.
    Generating device, according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the hollow container (6) is immobilized in the water tank (8) so that, during the dissociation of the water, it is completely submerged in the water contained in the water tank (8).
    14. Generating device, according to claim 13, characterized in that the internal cavity of the hollow container (6) is shaped as a convex polyhedron whose faces are defined on internal polygonal surfaces (3a) of the wall (3) of the hollow container (6).
    15. Generating device, according to claim 14, characterized in that the internal cavity of the hollow container (6) has an irregular polyhedron shape whose faces are defined on internal polygonal surfaces (3a) of the wall (3) of the hollow container (6).
    16. Generating device, according to claim 15, characterized in that the internal cavity of the hollow container (6) is shaped like a truncated icosahedron, the faces of which are defined on internal polygonal surfaces (3a) of the wall (3) of the hollow container (6) .
    17. Generating device, according to claim 14, characterized in that the internal cavity of the hollow container (6) is shaped like a geodesic dome.
    18. Generating device according to claim 14, 16, 16 or 17, characterized in that the electric energy emitters (4) are arranged in correspondence with respective centers of the internal polygonal surfaces (3a) of the wall (3) of the hollow container (6).
    19. Generating device, according to any one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of first through holes (7) that penetrate the wall (3) of the hollow container (6) in the upper half of the hollow container (6) and a plurality of second through holes (7) that pierce the wall (3) of the hollow container (6) in the upper half of the hollow container (8).
    20. Generating device, according to claim 19, characterized in that the through holes (7) are located in correspondence with the vertices of the internal polygonal surfaces (3a) of the wall (3) of the hollow container (6).
    21. Generating device, according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the through holes (7) have an average diameter of 2 to 5 mm.
    22. Generating device, according to claim 19 or 21, characterized in that the through holes (7) have an average diameter of 2.5 to 3 mm.
    23. Generating device, according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the internal cavity of the hollow container (6) has a sphere shape delimited by the wall (3) of the hollow container (6).
    24. Generating device, according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the internal cavity of the hollow container (6) has a spheroid shape delimited by the wall (3) of the hollow container (6).
    25. Generating device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow container (6) has an external sphere shape.
    27. Generating device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow container (6) has an external spheroid shape.
    28. Generating device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow container (6) is made of a material selected from heat-resistant plastic materials and ceramic materials.
    29. Hydrogen gas production facility comprising
    a power supply module,
    an electronic control module connected to the power supply module, at least one hydrogen gas generating device,
    a water supply system that supplies water to the generating device,
    a hydrogen gas collecting system generated by the generating device,
    characterized in that
    the at least one generating device is the generating device (1) defined in any one of claims 1 to 28;
    the power supply module (18) is connected to the electrical energy emitters (4) through the electronic control module (17).
    30. Installation according to claim 29, characterized in that it comprises a battery (20) and an electrical energy source (19) connected to the electrical power module (18) to supply electrical energy to the electronic control module (17) through the power supply module 18 ..
    31. Installation according to claim 30, characterized in that the electrical power source (19) is a photovoltaic installation.
    32. Installation according to claim 29, 30 or 31, characterized in that it further comprises a system for collecting the oxygen gas generated by the generating device, and a system for storing the oxygen gas collected by the collection system.
    33. Electric power generation system comprising
    at least one fuel cell (34) that generates energy from a reaction of hydrogen and oxygen,
    a hydrogen and oxygen supply system connected to the fuel cell (34),
    a hydrogen gas production facility,
    characterized in that
    the hydrogen production installation is the installation defined in any one of claims 29 to 32;
    the hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell (3) comes from the hydrogen gas separated by the gas separating device (5) from the generating device (1).
    34. System according to claim 33 characterized in that the oxygen supplied to the fuel cell comes from the oxygen gas separated by the separator device gases (5) of the generating device (1).
    Ċ
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2748598R1|2020-11-06|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US20060086603A1|2004-10-22|2006-04-27|Wyles Walter E|Radio frequency hydrogen and oxygen generator and method|
    WO2014064692A1|2012-10-24|2014-05-01|H2 Energy Now|Generating energy from water, to hydrogen system|
    法律状态:
    2020-03-17| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2748598 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A2 Effective date: 20200317 |
    2020-11-06| EC2A| Search report published|Ref document number: 2748598 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: R1 Effective date: 20201029 |
    2021-03-09| FA2A| Application withdrawn|Effective date: 20210303 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES202030021A|ES2748598R1|2018-03-23|2018-03-23|HYDROGEN GAS GENERATING DEVICE FROM WATER, HYDROGEN GAS PRODUCTION INSTALLATION AND ELECTRIC ENERGY GENERATION SYSTEM INCLUDING THE GENERATOR DEVICE|ES202030021A| ES2748598R1|2018-03-23|2018-03-23|HYDROGEN GAS GENERATING DEVICE FROM WATER, HYDROGEN GAS PRODUCTION INSTALLATION AND ELECTRIC ENERGY GENERATION SYSTEM INCLUDING THE GENERATOR DEVICE|
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