• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Plaster lightened with rubber dust from tires out of use (NFU) and reinforced with carbon fibers, its method of obtaining and its use. The object of the present invention is plaster lightened with rubber powder from out-of-use tires (NFU) and carbon fibers. The object of the present invention is also a process for obtaining lightened plaster with rubber powder from out-of-use tires (NFU) and carbon fibers, and its use for the preparation of lightened and reinforced prefabricated materials in the form of plates and panels. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2732159A1
    申请号:ES201930955
    申请日:2019-10-30
    公开日:2019-11-20
    发明作者:Del Cura Sofia Herrero；Zaldivar Oscar Lopez；Diez Rafael Vicente Lozano；Olivares Francisco Hernandez；Lobo Pablo Luis Mayor
    申请人:Universidad Politecnica de Madrid；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] PLASTER LIGHTED WITH RUBBER POWDER FROM TIRES
    [0003]
    [0004] SECTOR OF THE TECHNIQUE
    [0005]
    [0006] The present invention is cataloged within the scope of the New Construction Materials and has two main objectives. First, it is possible to immobilize and encapsulate within a plaster matrix a residue that is difficult to dispose of, which is classified by the European Union as "toxic and hazardous waste" in the European Waste List (LER), with code 16.01. 03. Secondly, a new construction material is achieved with improvements in density, toughness and thermal insulation, maintaining or improving its mechanical resistance thanks to the incorporation of carbon fibers during its execution.
    [0007]
    [0008] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0009]
    [0010] Among the waste of difficult disposal and with an increasing volume over time, are the tires out of use (NFU), which due to their high calorific value, difficult compaction and ease, due to their way to accumulate gases and leachate, do not We recommend your landfill deposit. If we add that they are not degradable and are resistant to ozone, light and bacteria, it is understood to be a waste listed by the EU as a toxic and hazardous waste within the European Waste List (LER) with the code: 16.01.03 .
    [0011] On the other hand, in the thermal conditioning of buildings it is necessary to resort to the use of insulating materials that prevent the transmission of cold or heat from the outside. Taking into account the need to increase the possible applications of recycled materials and the creation of new materials with properties that improve habitability, a construction material is proposed that combines both aspects.
    [0012] In this patent application a new material is developed that, while maintaining its mechanical properties within the margins established by current regulations, constitutes an innovative solution in the field of thermal conditioning improvement through the use of NFU rubber powder residues, taking advantage of its elastic properties, low density and chemical stability. Likewise, a decrease in the density of the material directly proportional to the increase in the proportion of NFU rubber is achieved, with the consequent lightening of the material.
    [0013] The incorporation of this residue causes losses of mechanical resistance, the compression being proportionally higher. For this reason, carbon fibers have been incorporated that produce a significant increase in these resistances. Similarly, the resulting material has a substantial improvement in toughness.
    [0014] Below is a list of existing patents in the market related to construction materials with gypsum matrix. In none of the cases consulted is an invention similar to the one proposed claimed.
    [0015] The invention patent ES2385587 B1 of June 13, 2013, entitled "Lightweight gypsum and coconut panel, and manufacturing process", describes a panel designed for use in construction, especially for use in the realization of interior partition walls and exterior partition The panel is made from a compound consisting basically of gypsum or commercial plaster such as semi-hydrated calcium sulfate and coconut shell fibers and fibers, together with additives such as setting retardant and hydrophobic. panels comprising adding to the plaster or commercial plaster the necessary additives such as hydrophobic and setting retardant, adding water until obtaining a workable mass, adding coconut matter, kneading the mixture until the compound is homogeneous, pouring said compound into the frame that acts as a mold, apply vibrated to the assembly until a homogeneous distribution, let dry and Remove the panel from the mold.
    [0016] In the invention patent ES2381726B1 of March 12, 2013, entitled "Procedure for obtaining lightened plaster with foamed polyurethane residues", a new lightened plaster material is obtained for use in construction, in which industrial waste is incorporated of rigid polyurethane foams Foamed polymeric residues are mixed after grinding with the plaster to different granulometries depending on their use.
    [0017] In patent ES2277776 B1 of June 16, 2008, entitled "Blends of plaster or plaster lightened with expanded plastic granules", mixtures of plaster or plaster lightened with granules of expanded plastic are established. Two ideal mixtures of plaster or plaster are mentioned. that kneaded with water and added with spherical granules of expanded plastic of about 6 mm in diameter, give products for the construction.One of the mixtures uses quick-setting plaster or E-35 plaster that is kneaded for 1 minute with water in a 80% of the weight of the dry binder, and the expanded plastic granules are added in a proportion of 1.6% by weight of dry binder, continuing the kneading for 3 or 4 minutes.For the preparation of the second mixture, It uses plaster E-35 kneaded with 200% water in relation to the dry weight of the binder for 2 minutes, to which 8.1% of foamed plastic by weight of binder is added and kneaded last You 5 minutes.
    [0018] Similarly, the invention patent ES2292309B2 of February 16, 2009, entitled "Plaster or plaster construction material and its use in plates and panels", develops a lightened plaster or plaster construction material and its use in plates and panels The invention consists of a material with which a plaster or a very light plaster is obtained for the elaboration of prefabricated plates and panels of large format for use in construction, which allows a considerable reduction of weight so as to enable a ease of handling while reducing the anchoring systems necessary for placement on site.This material consists of any type of plaster or plaster as the main matrix, with binary additions of expanded polystyrene and polypropylene fibers that allows to reduce the weight in fifty percent maintaining the values of mechanical resistance, porosity, hardness and setting times.
    [0019] Another of the patents with prior examination analyzed is ES2170612 B2 of September 16, 2003, entitled "Plaster lightened with cork and its application in panels for construction", which claims lightened plasters with cork and its application in panels for construction. Creating a material based on plaster or plaster lightened with natural cork that are pruning waste in the form of granules or with artificial cork and, in particular, beads of expanded polystyrene of medium granulometry, suitable for use in the form of panels in prefabricated construction products, especially panels for partitions and transdoses The invention has the advantage of reducing the weight of the panel up to 50% less than the plaster panels alone and the cost thereof, maintaining the resistance, improving thermal and acoustic insulation, and facilitating its transport To improve the Workability, reinforce and reduce the water / plaster ratio, glass fibers, superfluidifiers and setting retarders are added.
    [0020] The utility model ES1050538 U of April 16, 2002, entitled "Improved structure for laminar plaster partitions", includes among its claims the development of an improved structure for laminar plaster partitions, designed with the purpose of achieving greater acoustic insulation. Between the plates there is a metal profiles of "U" channels of floor and ceiling, as well as a series of equidistant uprights, to which the two panels on both sides of the partition are screwed, counting the base channel of the profiles with an elastic expansion joint, characterized in that it includes acoustic bands arranged on the external faces of the metal profiles, both in the floor and ceiling channels and in the uprights, being interposed in the coupling of the drywall panels, acting as bands dampers to reduce the resonance frequencies of the galvanized steel profiles that compose it. In its claim 3, the use of rubber pellets in said acoustic bands is mentioned.
    [0021] The utility model ES1024914 U of October 16, 1993, entitled "Elastic base for profiles and plates of plasterboard, plaster or similar materials", mentions the use of solid rubber in plasterboard, with a staggered configuration, having one or several rungs, there being on the central step or step a metal cladding formed by a plate of similar dimensions to the covered area and a circular central hole that communicates to the body of the base in which a recess or recess is located that adopts the shape of an inverted cone trunk or the like, which has a circular perforation at its base, by which a screw is mounted on the ground, which can be replaced for fixing to the ground by an adhesive film.
    [0022] The utility model ES1025259 U of December 1, 1993, entitled "Improved damping device, applicable for elastic fastening to walls of the reinforcement profiles for plasterboard or similar plates", explains the invention of a perfected damping device , applicable for the elastic attachment to walls of the profiles of the reinforcement for plasterboard or similar, of those intended to be used in insulation installations in general, characterized by being constituted from a metal plate, which can have any configuration in plan and that has one or several holes through which conventional screws or rivets pass for fixing to the wall, having the plate fixed on its surface seen a massif of rubber or rubber, which can optionally have on its face view of a metal part provided with a central perforation.
    [0023] Patent ES2531461 B2 of August 11, 2015, entitled "Procedure for obtaining lightened plasterboard with polyamide powder residue", shows the development of a plasterboard designed for use in construction, especially for its construction use in the realization of interior and exterior partitions. Said plate is made from a compound consisting basically of plaster or commercial plaster such as semi-hydrated calcium sulfate and polyamide powder residues, with the possible incorporation of additives and fibers. The plate preparation process comprises adding polyamide residues to the plaster or dry plaster, adding water until a workable mass is obtained, kneading the mixture until the compound is homogeneous, pouring said compound into the mold-acting frame, letting it dry and remove the plate from the mold. The procedure develops the obtaining of the product and its use depending on the different properties of the material from different dosages, improving some of the basic properties such as workability, finishing and thermal insulation.
    [0024] The invention patent ES2522792 B1 of June 3, 2015, entitled "Procedure for obtaining lightened plasterboard with polyurethane foam residue, plate obtained and use thereof", describes obtaining lightened plasterboard with lightened Polyurethane foam residue, plate obtained and use thereof. The procedure for obtaining a laminated plasterboard designed for use in construction is shown, especially for its use in the realization of interior partition walls. Said plate is made from a compound consisting basically of gypsum or commercial plaster such as semi-hydrated calcium sulfate and crushed polyurethane foam residues, with the possible incorporation of additives and fibers. The plate preparation process comprises adding polyurethane residues to the plaster or dry plaster, adding water until a workable mass is obtained, kneading the mixture until the compound is homogeneous, pouring said compound into the mold-acting frame, letting it dry and remove the plate from the mold.
    [0025] In the invention patent ES2396096 B2 of September 2, 2013, entitled "Procedure for obtaining lightened plaster with polyamide powder residue", a construction plaster made from calcium sulfate dihydrate with different plaster substitutions for polyamide is developed recycled powder This invention is based on obtaining a lightened material obtained from the recycling of polyamide powder, which replaces lightened plasters, eliminating all or part of the expansive aggregates or other types of more traditional compounds which are used in the manufacture of these products. The invention protects, in addition to the product, its method of obtaining and its use depending on the different properties of the material from different dosages, improving some of the basic properties such as workability, permeability and insulating capacity due to the air inclusion
    [0026] European patent ES2104622 T3 dated October 16, 1997, entitled "Glass fiber reinforced plasterboard and manufacturing process", is characterized by claiming a fiberglass reinforced plasterboard, with a high plasterboard density containing stacked fiberglass as a frame and together with it forms a solid body skeleton resistant to pressure, in which a multitude of very small hollow spaces are embedded, which have a diameter between 5 and 350 (mu) m and are created by a spongy structure of fine pores or at least partially of small particles of non-porous and non-water absorbent filler ingredient, in the manufacturing process of the fiberglass reinforced plasterboard of this type the plaster is added and the fiberglass parts with not much water, so that the weight ratio of water / plaster does not exceed 0.6, according to which sponge and / or d filling material is added In such an amount that the apparent density of the total table is at least 20% lower than the density of the matrix binder components and the paste is subjected to a high frequency vibration for its formation.
    [0027] Finally, in the patent application ES0439064 A1 of June 16, 1977, entitled "A method for manufacturing reinforced plaster laminates", a method is established for the manufacture of reinforced plaster laminates, characterized by impregnation of a fiberglass and carbon reinforcing fabric by means of a plaster grout, prepared by means of a previously autoclaved plaster, against a molding surface and heating the reinforcement impregnated in this way to produce its drying, obtaining a reinforced laminate with lower thickness to five millimeters.
    [0028] Consequently, there is currently no material that meets the conditions of the present invention or is included among its attributions.
    [0029] Therefore, the object of the present invention is a new plaster lightened with rubber powder from tires out of use (NFU) and reinforced with carbon fibers and the process for obtaining said lightened plaster different from the materials and their methods of preparation described in the state of the art.
    [0030] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0031]
    [0032] Thus, a first object of the invention is a lightened and reinforced construction plaster that is characterized in that it comprises a water / plaster ratio of 0.40 to 0.80 and additionally comprises the following components related to the weight of the lightened plaster:
    [0033] • From 5% to 60% by weight rubber powder of tires out of use, and
    [0034] • From 0.1% to 5% by weight of carbon fibers; Y
    [0035] where the sum of all components is less than or equal to 100%.
    [0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, the dosage of each component depends on the use of the material. Based on this, the amount of rubber dust will be increased and that of carbon fiber will be reduced, in the event that there is no high requirement of mechanical properties, but a greater requirement of thermal insulation.
    [0037] Said lightened plaster is characterized in that it has the following technical characteristics:
    [0038] - Its apparent dry density in a hardened state is between 650 Kg / m3 and 1,300 Kg / m3.
    [0039] - The mechanical resistance to compression varies between 1.2 MPa and 14 MPa at 7 days after the plaster has set.
    [0040] - The mechanical resistance to bending is between 1 MPa and 13 MPa at 7 days after the plaster has set.
    [0041] - The thermal conductivity varies between 0.15 and 0.25 W / m * K.
    [0042] All the technical characteristics of the lightened plaster described in this patent document have been measured under laboratory conditions corresponding to a temperature of 23 ± 2 ° C and a relative humidity of 50 ± 5%.
    [0043] Both in the fresh state and in the hardened state, the lightened plaster object of the invention complies with all the specifications established in the UNE-EN 13279-2: 2014 standard, which is also referred to herein as "standard "
    [0044] The lightened plaster object of the invention comprises plaster, rubber powder, carbon fibers, which in the context of the present invention are called solid components. Based on this, the lightened plaster object of the invention is characterized in that it comprises a water / plaster ratio between 0.40 and 0.80.
    [0045] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the starting plaster comprising the plaster object of the invention is in accordance with the UNE-EN 13279-2: 2014 standard with a mechanical flexural strength greater than 3 N / mm2
    [0046]
    [0047] Said plaster object of the invention is a lightened and reinforced plaster with replacement of plaster by recycled rubber of out-of-use tires that is added to the composition of the new lightened plaster in powder form.
    [0048] The rubber tire tire out of use (NFU) comes from the mechanical crushing of NFU in an ambient atmosphere. In the context of the present invention, the physical properties and chemical analysis, under laboratory conditions as indicated above in the present patent document, are as follows:
    [0049]
    [0050]
    [0051] PROPERTIES
    [0052]
    [0053] Chemical analysis Minimum (%) Maximum {%)
    [0054]
    [0055] E x tra c t ce t i ic o 10 20
    [0056] P o lim e e s NR / SR 40 55
    [0057] C au ch ona tu ral NR 21 42
    [0058] N eg ro de ca rb ono 30 38
    [0059] C in iza s 3 7
    [0060] A zu fr e - 5
    [0061] P physical properties
    [0062]
    [0063] Bulk density 0.5 ± 0.05 gr / cm3
    [0064]
    [0065] Humidity <0.75% by weight
    [0066]
    [0067] Material content <0.01% by weight
    [0068] ferromagnetic
    [0069]
    [0070] Table 1. Chemical analysis and physical properties of the NFU rubber used in the method object of the invention.
    [0071]
    [0072] In the context of the present invention, the granulometric analysis of the NFU rubber powder is shown in the following table:
    [0073]
    [0074] A be rtu ra nom in al of ta m iz (mm) Min im (%) Max im (o)
    [0075]
    [0076]
    [0077]
    [0078]
    [0079]
    [0080]
    [0081] Table 2. 0.0mm-0.6mm rubber powder. Granulometric analysis.
    [0082]
    [0083] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plaster object of the invention comprises from 10% to 45% by weight of NFU rubber powder, and in an even more preferred embodiment, the plaster comprises 35% to 45% by weight of powder. NFU rubber.
    [0084] In the context of the present invention, the characteristics of the carbon fibers used, under laboratory conditions as defined in the present patent document, are the following:
    [0085]
    [0086]
    [0087]
    [0088]
    [0089] Table 3. Properties of Carbon Fiber.
    [0090]
    [0091] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plaster object of the invention comprises from 0.5% to 3.5% by weight of carbon fibers, and in an even more preferred embodiment, the plaster comprises 0.9% to 2 , 7% by weight of carbon fibers.
    [0092] The object of the invention is also a process for obtaining lightened and reinforced plasters with replacement of plaster with NFU rubber powder and fiber Carbon obtained from the mixture of water, plaster, NFU rubber powder and carbon fibers, which comprises the following stages:
    [0093] a) Mix the recycled NFU rubber powder with the plaster at room temperature between 21 ° C to 25 ° C until the mixture is homogeneous and, in a preferred embodiment, for a time of 50 to 90 seconds;
    [0094] b) Mix the product obtained with carbon fibers at an ambient temperature between 21 ° C to 25 ° C, until the fibers are completely disintegrated and a homogeneous mixture is obtained; Y
    [0095] c) Add the necessary amount of water complying with a water / plaster ratio of 0.40 to 0.80 and knead the mixture obtained in stage b for 50 to 70 seconds at a speed between 135 to 150 min. -1 in rotation, and at a speed of between 50 to 75 min-1 in planetary motion.
    [0096]
    [0097] The kneading procedure is carried out in accordance with the UNE-EN 13279-2: 2014 standard, according to Part 2 of Test Methods.
    [0098] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, said process begins with dry mixing of the gypsum and rubber powder, the carbon fibers being ultimately incorporated until a homogeneous dispersion thereof is achieved in a dry kneading container. The set is moved with a spoon until the highest possible uniformity of the material is achieved. In a more preferred embodiment, the dry kneading time is 50 to 90 seconds.
    [0099] In a preferred embodiment of the method object of the invention, the water is added in a ratio with the plaster of 0.40 / 0.80 by the shaking table method. The amount of water is weighed based on the water / plaster ratio indicated above and poured into the dry kneading container to the gypsum-fiber mixture and removed manually with a paddle for a time between 50 seconds and 90 seconds. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is manually removed between 60 and 75 seconds and, in an even more preferred embodiment, it is removed for 60 seconds.
    [0100] In a preferred embodiment, the paste formed in the previous stage is mixed with a mixer-kneader for a time between 50 to 75 seconds at a speed, in a preferred embodiment, between 135 to 150 min-1 in rotation, and being in an even more preferred embodiment a speed between 135 to 145 min-1 in rotation and in one embodiment of the present invention, at a speed between 50 to 75 min-1 in planetary motion, and in an even more preferred embodiment between 60 to 75 min "1 in planetary motion.
    [0101] In particular embodiments, immediately after the described preparation, the plaster paste, rubber and carbon fibers are passed to molds of size 4+ 2 cm x 4+ 2 cm x 16+ 4 cm previously greased, with the help of a spatula to fill in the gaps and corners.
    [0102] In preferred embodiments of the method object of the invention, to eliminate the appearance of air bubbles, the mold is raised at a distance between 6 to 12 mm from its upper end on the surface where the mold is supported and dropped. This operation is repeated 5 to 8 times. Once the stage of elimination of the bubbles is carried out, the excess material of the molds is eliminated with a metal ruler or a knife, by means of a saw movement.
    [0103] When the paste has acquired the appropriate degree of consistency according to the UNE-EN 13279-2: 2014 standard, the plaster object of the invention is demoulded.
    [0104] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, said plaster obtained in the previous step is kept for seven days in the laboratory atmosphere indicated in the UNE-EN 13279-2: 2014 standard where the temperature of the test room, of the equipment and of the materials, it must be 23 ± 2 ° C and the relative humidity of 50 ± 5%.
    [0105] Then, in a preferred embodiment, the set mixture is dried to a constant mass at a temperature of 40 ± 2 ° C. In the context of the present patent application, the constant mass is that mass in which the mass difference of two successive weights spaced 24 hours apart is less than 0.1%, as established by the standard.
    [0106] It should be noted that the method object of the invention described herein is carried out under ambient conditions of a temperature of 23 ± 2 ° C and a relative humidity of 50 ± 5%, as indicated above, and so the norm establishes.
    [0107] For the development of the material, the physical-chemical characterization of the rubber powder and carbon fibers has been carried out, and the characterization of the light plaster in the fresh and hardened state, in accordance with the current European regulations.
    [0108] For subsequent kneading, a water / plaster ratio is considered that provides a consistency of the gypsum paste per shaking table according to UNE-EN 13279-2: 2014.
    [0109] Thus, the main advantages that derive from the method object of the invention is the obtaining of a new material, also object of the invention, with improvements in density, toughness and thermal behavior; keeping or improving its mechanical resistance thanks to the incorporation of carbon fibers during its execution, an environmental benefit is also achieved given that a waste of difficult elimination is encapsulated within the matrix of new material, which is classified by the European Union as a "toxic waste and dangerous ”in the European Waste List (LER), with code 16.01.03.
    [0110] On an industrial level, the lightened plaster described in this document assumes a high-value construction material, since by understanding among its essential components the dust of tires out of use, the accumulation of this type of material is reduced, in addition of conferring a new value on the construction industry by being part of the matrix of the material object of the invention, ceasing to be a waste which is classified as toxic and dangerous material.
    [0111]
    [0112] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0113] In order to contribute to a better understanding of the invention, and in accordance with a practical embodiment thereof, an preferred embodiment of the present invention is attached as an integral part of this description. Both the sample preparation and all the tests carried out were carried out under laboratory conditions corresponding to a temperature of 23 ± 2 ° C and a relative humidity of 50 ± 5%.
    [0114] The characteristics of the plaster used as a reference in the elaboration of the different examples are the following:
    [0115] The water / plaster ratio required according to standard is 0.60.
    [0116] The setting principle is: 10 minutes
    [0117] The apparent wet density: 1628.99 Kg / m3
    [0118] The apparent dry density: 1203.38 Kg / m3
    [0119] Shore C hardness: 90.7 Shore C units
    [0120] Flexotraction: 6.68 MPa
    [0121] Compression: 17.73 MPa
    [0122] Thermal conductivity (A): 0.30 W / m * K
    [0123]
    [0124] Example 1. Manufacturing process
    [0125] Dosing and mixing 840 g of the plaster, 150 g of NFU rubber powder and 10 g of carbon fibers are always carried out according to what is specified in the UNE-EN 13279-2: 2014 standard.
    [0126] Properties of the plaster in fresh state:
    [0127] • Water / Plaster Ratio: 0.60
    [0128] • Setting principle: 12 minutes
    [0129] Properties of the plaster in a hardened state:
    [0130] Bulk apparent density: 1497.13 Kg / m3
    [0131] Dry bulk density: 1070.18 Kg / m3
    [0132] Shore C hardness: 82 Shore C units
    [0133] Flexotraction: 8.75 MPa
    [0134] Compression: 9.39 MPa
    [0135] Thermal conductivity: 0.20 W / m * K
    [0136]
    [0137] This preferred embodiment of the method begins with a dry mixing of 940 grams of plaster with 50 grams of rubber powder, with 10 grams of carbon fibers being incorporated until a homogeneous dispersion thereof is achieved. The set is moved with a spoon until the highest possible uniformity of the material is achieved.
    [0138] Once 600 gr of water is measured, the previous mixture is incorporated and manually removed with a paddle for 60 seconds. The plaster is added to the water and removed manually with the spatula and trowel for approximately 60 seconds. The paste formed is mixed with the mixer mixer for 60 seconds at low speed 140 ± 5 min-1 in rotation and 62 ± 5 min-1 in planetary motion.
    [0139] Immediately after preparation, the paste is passed to molds. To eliminate the appearance of air bubbles, the mold is raised at a distance between 10 mm from its upper end and dropped. This operation is repeated 5 times. Once this process is finished, the excess material is removed with a metal ruler or a knife, by means of a saw movement.
    [0140] When the paste has acquired the appropriate degree of resistance, the specimens are demoulded by identifying and weighing them. The specimens are kept for seven days in the laboratory atmosphere indicated in the standard where the temperature of the test room, the equipment and the materials must be 23 ± 2 ° C and the relative humidity of 50 ± 5%.
    [0141] The specimens are then dried to constant mass at a temperature of 40 ± 2 ° C. After drying, the specimens are cooled in a desiccator to laboratory temperature, weighed and subjected to the tests.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    1. Lightened plaster for construction characterized in that it comprises a water / plaster ratio of 0.40 to 0.80 and additionally comprises the following components related to the weight of lightened plaster:
    i. From 5% to 60% by weight of rubber dust from out-of-use tires, and
    ii. From 0.1% to 5% by weight of carbon fibers; Y
    where the sum of all components is less than or equal to 100%.
    [2]
    2. Lightened plaster for construction according to claim 1, characterized in that its dry bulk density in the hardened state is comprised between 650 Kg / m3 and 1,300 Kg / m3.
    [3]
    3. Lightened plaster for construction according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the mechanical compressive strength varies between 1.2 MPa and 14 MPa at 7 days of setting.
    [4]
    4. Lightened plaster for construction according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the mechanical flexural strength is between 1 MPa and 13 MPa at 7 days of setting.
    [5]
    5. Lightened plaster for construction according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the thermal conductivity varies between 0.15 and 0.25 W / m ° K.
    [6]
    6. Method of obtaining lightened plaster for construction according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said method is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
    to. Mix in a mold the rubber powder of tires out of use with plaster in a ratio, at a temperature between 21 to 25 ° C until obtaining a homogeneous mixture;
    b. Add carbon fibers to the mixture obtained in the previous stage at a temperature between 21 to 25 ° C, until complete disintegration of the carbon fibers and obtaining a homogeneous mixture;
    c. add water fulfilling a water / plaster ratio of 0.40 to 0.80 and knead in a mixer the mixture obtained in stage b for 50 to 70 seconds at a speed of between 135 to 150 min-1 in rotation and at a speed between 50 to 75 min-1 in planetary motion.
    [7]
    7. Method of obtaining lightened plaster for construction according to claim 6, wherein said method comprises an additional stage after step c) comprising drying the mixture at a temperature between 38 to 42 ° C.
    [8]
    8. Use of a lightened plaster for construction according to any one of claims 1 to 5, for the preparation of lightened and reinforced prefabricated materials in the form of plates and panels.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    ES2454193T3|2014-04-09|Cementitious products
    ES2431574T3|2013-11-27|Soundproofing resistant panels and their realization procedure
    Laukaitis et al.2006|Acoustical properties of aerated autoclaved concrete
    EP1925760A3|2015-10-14|Lightweight Cement Panel
    ES2894933T3|2022-02-16|Insulating powder mortar and layered insulating mortar
    US20130280518A1|2013-10-24|Building material and building system element as well as method of production thereof
    EP1950187A2|2008-07-30|Mortars suitable for thermic and acoustic isolations comprising cork and aerial lime which is optionally hydrophobized
    ES2732159B2|2020-03-20|PLASTER LIGHTENED WITH RUBBER POWDER FROM OUT-OF-USE TIRES | AND REINFORCED WITH CARBON FIBERS, THEIR PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING AND USE
    RU2440314C1|2012-01-20|Method to produce building board based on calcium sulfate/barium sulfate
    Kuhail et al.2015|Mechanical properties of polystyrene-lightweight concrete
    JP2014221702A|2014-11-27|Lightweight infilling mortar composition
    US20090012191A1|2009-01-08|Lightweight wall structure material and process for making
    WO2019216851A2|2019-11-14|Cement-based light precast mortar with expanded perlite aggregate
    CN108285361A|2018-07-17|Self-compaction sulphate aluminium cement ceramsite foam concrete and preparation method thereof
    WO2012021052A2|2012-02-16|A foamed or non-foamed stable composition based on anhydrite, portland cement, light and/or heavy fillers, activator additives, regulator additives and thickening additives, for covering, plastering and insulating walls, floor slabs and ceilings, and also for producing insulating structural elements, casting light and insulating ferro-cement structural systems, insulating piping, ducts, filling spaces, stabilizing floors and producing cement floors, for the construction industry
    JP2001163684A|2001-06-19|Sound absorbing body and sound absorbing/sound insulating structure using the sound absorbing body
    RU2206544C2|2003-06-20|Raw mixture for preparing cellular material and method for its preparing
    JP2008025183A|2008-02-07|Construction/civil engineering panel
    Wahane2017|Manufacturing process of AAC block
    Fiala et al.2018|Methodology of sealing plugs development for brick block with enhanced acoustic properties
    WO2017017308A1|2017-02-02|Structural lightweight mortar with low porosity produced with polyurethane residues
    KR101020653B1|2011-03-09|Manufacturing Methods for Light weight panel of Inorganic Cement composites
    RU2001113586A|2003-05-10|Raw mix for the manufacture of cellular materials and the method of its preparation
    ES2629064B2|2018-01-02|Structural mortar lightened with expanded clay and aggregates with recycled aggregates
    JP2017114690A|2017-06-29|Filler and composite structure
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2732159B2|2020-03-20|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    ES2292309A1|2005-09-19|2008-03-01|Universidad Politecnica De Madrid|Construction material for plaster for use in plates and panels, is constituted by any type of plaster like main matrix with binary additions of expanded polystyrene and polypropylene fibers|
    ES2277776A1|2005-12-02|2007-07-16|Universitat Politecnica De Catalunya|Plaster mixtures for producing construction elements, contain expanded spherical plastic granules|
    ES2381726A1|2010-08-03|2012-05-31|Universidad De Burgos|Procedure to obtain lighted plaster with foamed polyurethane residues |
    CN108640617A|2018-04-26|2018-10-12|蚌埠市宝运商品混凝土有限公司|A kind of highly-permeable concrete pervious floor tile|
    法律状态:
    2019-11-20| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2732159 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20191120 |
    2020-03-20| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2732159 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B2 Effective date: 20200320 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201930955A|ES2732159B2|2019-10-30|2019-10-30|PLASTER LIGHTENED WITH RUBBER POWDER FROM OUT-OF-USE TIRESAND REINFORCED WITH CARBON FIBERS, THEIR PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING AND USE|ES201930955A| ES2732159B2|2019-10-30|2019-10-30|PLASTER LIGHTENED WITH RUBBER POWDER FROM OUT-OF-USE TIRESAND REINFORCED WITH CARBON FIBERS, THEIR PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING AND USE|
    [返回顶部]