• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention consists of a concentric coil co-tubular boiler for thermal exchange with an ash removal system comprising a coil-shaped heat exchange tube (1) that forms concentric section layers with the coils of the coil connected laterally, where, while the boiler is in operation, the heat exchange tube (1) rotates by means of a rotary motion (101) on the axis of the coil and is heated by a hot air inlet (102) in forced ventilation flowing through the layers of concentric section so that they generate a movement (104) of the ashes and the slag, moving them through the layers of concentric section following a path (103), being extracted through outlet manifolds (2). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2730396A1
    申请号:ES201830460
    申请日:2018-05-10
    公开日:2019-11-11
    发明作者:Sanz Xavier Mas
    申请人:Sanz Xavier Mas；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] Aqueotubular boiler of concentric coils for thermal exchange with ash removal system.
    [0003]
    [0004] FIELD AND OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    [0005]
    [0006] The present invention is applicable in any industrial process that requires the production of thermal energy generation by means of fuels with a significant ash or slag content, more especially for its application in the event that the arrangement of the boiler exchange body must be oriented horizontally, due to installation requirements or limitations also having application in boilers oriented in a vertical direction.
    [0007]
    [0008] The invention proposes a slag and ash removal system inside a boiler by applying a rotary motion to the heat exchanger and taking advantage of the incoming hot air stream, displacing that slag or ashes to an outlet manifold.
    [0009]
    [0010] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0011]
    [0012] At present, the existence of aquotubular boilers equipped with coils forming concentric tubular structures oriented vertically or horizontally is known.
    [0013]
    [0014] In the operation of these boilers, the water vapor passes through the interior of the tubes where the hot gases produced in combustion are in contact with the outer faces of the ducts, which are heated getting high temperatures and pressures at high performance With a small volume of water.
    [0015]
    [0016] The fluid that passes through the interior of the ducts to be heated, requires an adequate quality to avoid fouling inside these ducts, being susceptible to pressure and load fluctuations resulting in the process.
    [0017] The process carried out in these machines, requires a complex and expensive maintenance especially because of the great inconvenience they present when solid fuels that generate slag and ash are used, a problem that is aggravated especially when its ash content is greater than 2 %. This is due to the fact that they settle on the heat exchange ducts, which reduces the capacity of hours of continuous operation, given the drop in performance caused by the contamination produced by the volatiles, until the boiler is rendered inoperative.
    [0018]
    [0019] This problem is more pronounced in boilers oriented horizontally, since in vertical, the coil is also oriented vertically, the direction of combustion favors that much of the ashes are deposited on the lower base of the tank by gravity , for a later cleaning, while in the horizontal ones, the ashes fall on the coil itself without the possibility of removing them by conventional means.
    [0020]
    [0021] Currently, and due to these problems, this type of horizontal boilers does not raise the use of fuels with any associated ash content due to the constant loss of performance and the need to make stops that affect the production process to recover some part of that performance .
    [0022]
    [0023] Document US2037490A describes a horizontal water tube boiler comprising a rotation of the heat exchanger. The ashes originated in combustion are not deposited on the ducts but are transported, only, by centrifugal force to hoppers located in the lower part of the boiler and from there they pass to the collectors, where they are collected.
    [0024]
    [0025] This heat exchanger is composed of a series of tubes separated at a certain distance, arranged by way of radii, joined at one of its ends by perforated plates, forming a cylindrical contour, and at the other end to a turning shaft with respect to the which, rotate the ducts. This arrangement is not that of a coil, since it has the center of rotation occupied by the drive shaft, and there is no forced ventilation circuit for the removal of the slag, but a single displacement of it along the surfaces of the ducts By arranging the outer part of the perforated plates, the outer part of the outer tubes does not receive a temperature exchange having a low yield.
    [0026] EP0053952A1 discloses an incinerator with a horizontally inclined horizontal rotary kiln with respect to the ground. This invention is directed to the treatment of industrial waste with the aim of producing energy by combustion. The heat exchanger is formed by coils arranged concentrically for water with a boiler with coil for heat recovery from combustion fumes.
    [0027]
    [0028] The slag does not circulate through these concentric coils, nor does it travel along its surface towards the extraction points, since they have separate ducts, and the slag does not follow a transport cycle when falling through the generated openings. The rotation movement that is generated in the boiler is not aimed at the removal of slags, but is a mandatory consequence of the rotation of the furnace, since a final slag evacuation is not appreciated.
    [0029]
    [0030] WO8804754A1 refers to a slightly inclined aquotubular boiler with respect to the horizontal one, which comprises a series of concentric tubes for water / steam. These tubes rotate with respect to an axis positioned longitudinally, it is not spiral, they have a plurality of intermediate openings that do not direct the slag towards their extraction.
    [0031]
    [0032] Document CN2333897Y discloses a machine for slag water cooling in a fluidized bed boiler. The machine comprises a horizontal rotating roller, spiral grooves on the outer face of the roller and a concentric coil inside the roller formed by multiple spiral tubes, which is where the hot slag advances. The spin aims at greater heat exchange, not ash extraction. Although the ducts are spirally shaped, the objective of this invention is to cool slag and not to remove the slag through the rotation of the heat exchange ducts.
    [0033]
    [0034] In the whole state of the art there is no presence of a boiler similar to that described in this invention, in which slag and ash extraction from combustion is produced from the rotation of the heat exchanger and the pressure conditions generated by the draft fan inside the boiler. The advantage of this invention over existing ones is given by using the spiral duct to perform heat exchange and slag translation for removal, improving heat exchange between the intake air and the fluid.
    [0035]
    [0036] There is also no concept in these inventions, the concept of several gas passages through different layers that generate a path of ash and slag inside the boiler, causing an evolutionary jump in the design of rotary boilers with automatic cleaning capacity.
    [0037]
    [0038] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0039]
    [0040] The solution that the invention presents is based on obtaining an aquotubular boiler equipped with a rotating temperature exchange body that facilitates the extraction of slags simultaneously with the exchange of temperatures by the gases produced by any type of emitting source.
    [0041]
    [0042] The boiler of the invention can use as fuel both gases and solids that generate ashes or slag in combustion, so that, after commissioning, it does not require maintenance intervention due to an automatic cleaning system.
    [0043]
    [0044] The aquotubular boiler of the invention consists of a coil-shaped heat exchange tube, forms concentric section layers, with the coil coils attached laterally, where, while the boiler is in operation, the heat exchange tube rotates by means of a rotational movement on the axis of the coil and is heated by a hot air inlet in forced ventilation that flows through the concentric section layers so that they generate a movement of the ashes and the slag, moving them through the concentric section layers following a route, being extracted through exit collectors.
    [0045]
    [0046] The approach is that, when the slag is placed on the heat exchange tube, the slow rotary movement that is applied to it causes the impurities to move along its surface like an endless screw, passing between the layers that form the tube heat exchanger, until ending on the bottom of the boiler, to be extracted by conventional means through a slag extractor.
    [0047] One of the main novelties is the fact that the concentric coils are specially arranged so that the walls of the cylindrical ducts are joined, reducing the contact surface with the gases, but allowing the progressive decantation of ash residues until they fall to the lower zone.
    [0048]
    [0049] In one embodiment, the heat exchange tube is in the form of a cylindrical coil while in another embodiment, the heat exchange tube is in the form of a conical coil.
    [0050]
    [0051] In the case of having a conical coil shape, each of the layers formed by the heat exchange tube, have inverse tails alternately that facilitate the fall of the ashes and the slag between the layers.
    [0052]
    [0053] This conicity of the coils is not a determining factor, but a facilitator of the process that improves the progress of the slag.
    [0054]
    [0055] The coils of the coil forming the heat exchange tube have an inclination in opposite directions relative to the vertical one alternately for each layer, so that, in the innermost layer, the turns are slightly inclined to one side, while in the next layer, the turns are slightly inclined towards the put side, as if it were an inverse thread, varying the inclination between each layer. In this way, the ashes make a zig-zag route through all the layers from the innermost to the outermost.
    [0056]
    [0057] In one embodiment, the rotational movement of the heat exchange tube is generated by a rotor located outside the boiler.
    [0058]
    [0059] In one embodiment, the rotation of the coil is solved by the use of rotary valves that allow its rotation and at the same time the transmission of the fluid to the coil both inlet and outlet.
    [0060]
    [0061] In one embodiment, the hot air intake in forced ventilation flowing through the concentric section layers is generated by a forced draft fan. This fan that forces the passage through the hot air boiler is external to said boiler.
    [0062] The performance of the boiler of the invention is superior to that presented by boilers without this configuration, by improving heat exchange. Similarly, by reducing the abrasion generated on part of the coil, the possible hours of use for the boiler are increased. This is because, usually, the gases generated in combustion are not distributed evenly inside the boiler, especially if it is placed horizontally, so that the rotational movement of the heat exchanger tube does generate a regular exchange over its entire surface.
    [0063]
    [0064] That is, the use of the heat exchanger tube configured as a slag translation mechanism in addition to the energy exchange, represents an advance over existing technology.
    [0065]
    [0066] The heat exchange tube can work with different types of fluids such as water or industrial thermal oil, without being limited by its rotational character.
    [0067]
    [0068] The automatic cleaning system does not require the shutdown of the heat exchange process and allows the elimination of peripheral equipment intended for this use, obtaining the same result reducing the cost investment of the boiler.
    [0069]
    [0070] No model has been found in the background that is capable of producing the same performance as the proposed model according to the conjunction that assumes all the characteristics presented by joining the performance of the centrifugal force of the rotation and the suction of the fan. That is to say, this concept of rotation and suction of the gases, configure a boiler of a superior performance to other models lacking these characteristics.
    [0071]
    [0072] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    [0073]
    [0074] To complete the description of the invention and in order to help a better understanding of its characteristics, in accordance with a preferred example of its realization, a set of drawings is attached where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, represented the following figures:
    [0075]
    [0076] - Figure 1 represents an elevation view of the water-tube boiler showing the heat exchange tube formed by three layers in the form of a cylindrical coil, concentric between them, with the turns connected.
    [0077] - Figure 2 shows an elevational view of the water tube boiler showing the heat exchange tube formed by three layers in the form of a conical coil, where the generatrices of the conical coils have a slight inclination with respect to the horizontal, the generatrices of each of the layers being in opposite inclinations.
    [0078] - Figure 3 represents a sectioned elevation view of the water tube boiler, in which the inclination of the conical coil generatrices with respect to the horizontal is greater than that shown in Figure 2.
    [0079]
    [0080] DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0081]
    [0082] The present invention relates to a boiler, preferably oriented horizontally, which uses both gases and solids as fuel that generate ashes or slag in the combustion thereof, so that, after commissioning, it does not need to be stopped or intervened to perform cleaning work.
    [0083]
    [0084] As can be seen in figure 1, the boiler is composed of a heat exchange tube (1), housed inside the boiler, shaped like a cylindrical coil whose turns are joined, without any openings or separation between them .
    [0085]
    [0086] The heat exchange tube (1) forms three concentric cylindrical layers, with a small separation between them, which allows to have a heat exchange surface of the entire duct, by convention, superior to single-layer coils.
    [0087]
    [0088] When the boiler is in operation, the heat exchange tube (1) rotates by means of a slow rotary movement (101) on the axis of the cylindrical coil and is heated by a hot air inlet (102), in forced ventilation, which it flows through the concentric section layers, increasing the temperature of a fluid circulating inside the heat exchange tube (1).
    [0089]
    [0090] The rotary movement (101) and the hot air inlet (102) in forced ventilation generate a movement (104) of the ashes and the slag, moving them through the concentric section layers following a path (103), to be extracted through of outlet manifolds (2).
    [0091] This slag and ashes are positioned on the internal part of the coil and are displaced on the external surface of the heat exchanger tube (1), due to the rotary movement (101), functioning as an endless screw, transforming this rotational movement into translation , following the route (103).
    [0092]
    [0093] As seen in Figure 1, when the slag and ashes reach the final end of the first cylindrical layer, it falls on the initial end of the second cylindrical layer, which has turns in the opposite direction to the first layer, so that the The slag path in this second layer has an opposite direction to that of the first layer, so that at the end of the route of this second layer reaching its final end, it falls on the initial end of the third outermost layer, following a path in the same direction of the first layer, ending at the outlet manifold (2).
    [0094]
    [0095] The rotational movement of the heat exchanger tube (1), in addition to eliminating the ash and slag content of the boiler, also improves heat exchange between the chamber and a fluid circulating inside the heat exchanger tube (1) by allow hot air to more easily reach all the cavities of the exchange chamber and increase the movement of the fluid inside the tube.
    [0096]
    [0097] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the heat exchange tube (1), can have an alternative configuration in the form of a conical coil, with the turns connected in the same way as the cylindrical coil, forming three layers of concentric section. Each of the layers formed by the heat exchange tube, have inverse tapers alternately, that is, their generatrices have opposite inclinations with respect to the horizontal.
    [0098]
    [0099] These layers in conical configurations can have different levels of conicity depending on the number of layers formed by the heat exchanger tube (1), the size of the elements, the volume of ash and slag to be extracted from the interior and the available space.
    [0100]
    [0101] The rotary movement (101) of the heat exchange tube (1) is generated by a rotor located outside the boiler, so as not to be altered by the high temperatures generated inside. To avoid liquid leaks, the rotating tube Heat exchange (1) has rotary valves that allow rotary movement at the same time as the inlet and outlet of the fluid to be heated without leaking fluid from inside the tube to the outside.
    [0102]
    [0103] The hot air inlet (102) in forced ventilation flowing through the concentric section layers is generated by a forced draft fan positioned at the outlet of the heat exchange chamber. This fan sucks the air inside the exchange chamber, causing hot air to enter the combustion chamber, generating forced ventilation.
    [0104]
    [0105] The present invention should not be limited to the embodiment described herein. Other configurations can be made by those skilled in the art in view of the present description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is defined by the following claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    1. - Concentric coil co-tubular boiler for thermal exchange with ash removal system comprising a heat exchange tube (1) shaped like a coil characterized by said heat exchange tube (1), shaped like a coil , it is configured in layers of concentric section with the coils of the coil joined laterally, where, while the boiler is in operation, the heat exchange tube (1) rotates by means of a rotary movement (101) on the axis of the coil and is heated by a hot air inlet (102) in forced ventilation that flows through the concentric section layers so that they generate a movement (104) of the ashes and the slag, moving them through the concentric section layers following a path (103) , being extracted through exit manifolds (2).
    [2]
    2. - Concentric coil co-tubular boiler for thermal exchange with ash removal system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the coils of each layer, formed by the heat exchange tube (1), have a cylindrical shape.
    [3]
    3. - Aqueotubular boiler of concentric coils for thermal exchange with ash removal system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the coils of each layer, formed by the heat exchange tube (1), have a conical shape, where each of the layers have inverse tapers alternately.
    [4]
    4. - Aqueotubular boiler of concentric coils for thermal exchange with ash removal system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the coils of the coil formed by the heat exchange tube (1) have an inclination in opposite directions with respect to the vertical for each layer.
    [5]
    5. - Concentric coil co-tubular boiler for thermal exchange with ash removal system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotational movement (101) of the heat exchange tube (1) is generated by a rotor located in the boiler exterior.
    [6]
    6. - Concentric coil co-tubular boiler for thermal exchange with ash removal system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchange tube (1) has rotary valves on the outside of the boiler which allow the rotary movement (101) at the same time of the entrance and exit of the fluid to be heated.
    [7]
    7. Acute tubular boiler of concentric coils for thermal exchange with ash removal system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the hot air inlet (102) in forced ventilation flowing through the concentric section layers is generated by a forced draft fan.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CA3099210A1|2019-11-14|
    WO2019215355A1|2019-11-14|
    US20210239312A1|2021-08-05|
    EP3792550A4|2021-07-07|
    US11156355B2|2021-10-26|
    EP3792550A1|2021-03-17|
    ES2730396B2|2020-05-08|
    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    2019-11-11| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2730396 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20191111 |
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201830460A|ES2730396B2|2018-05-10|2018-05-10|AQUOTUBULAR CONCENTRIC COIL BOILER FOR THERMAL EXCHANGE WITH ASH ELIMINATION SYSTEM|ES201830460A| ES2730396B2|2018-05-10|2018-05-10|AQUOTUBULAR CONCENTRIC COIL BOILER FOR THERMAL EXCHANGE WITH ASH ELIMINATION SYSTEM|
    US17/053,827| US11156355B2|2018-05-10|2019-02-11|Water-tube boiler with concentric heat-exchange coils with ash-removal system|
    CA3099210A| CA3099210A1|2018-05-10|2019-02-11|Water-tube boiler with concentric heat-exchange coils with ash-removal system|
    PCT/ES2019/070071| WO2019215355A1|2018-05-10|2019-02-11|Water-tube boiler with concentric heat-exchange coils with ash-removal system|
    EP19798887.6A| EP3792550A4|2018-05-10|2019-02-11|Water-tube boiler with concentric heat-exchange coils with ash-removal system|
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