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    • 专利摘要:
    System to optimize the selective collection of waste through the use of containers and other added devices and a procedure for its use, characterized in that it includes "intelligent containers for the selective collection of polyfunctional waste" that allow the deposit of different waste fractions in a same container without mixing them as a "waste postbox", controlling ex ante that deposits are made through bags authorized by the system and by persons authorized by the system, and controlling ex post what is actually deposited in the container through those mentioned bags that carry attached identification labels that accredit through a code, the identity of the depositor of the waste, and through another code, the nature of the waste deposited, which allows to identify the responsibility for the good or bad doing in the production and storage of urban waste. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2730380A1
    申请号:ES201800115
    申请日:2018-05-09
    公开日:2019-11-11
    发明作者:Illarramendi Iñigo Lizari
    申请人:Inigo Lizari Illarramendi S L；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] System to optimize the selective collection of waste through the use of containers and other added devices and procedure for its use.
    [0003]
    [0004] Technical sector
    [0005]
    [0006] The sector of the technique in which the invention is framed is logistics engineering, or engineering for logistics solutions, which includes what is also known in English as "material handling systems".
    [0007]
    [0008] Background of the invention
    [0009]
    [0010] In advanced western countries, almost all urban waste is collected from containers. In those countries where selective collection has been extended, this selective collection is done by assigning to each container a fraction of waste, which is normally identified with different colors. Thus, we can find that the blue container is the container where the paper-cardboard fraction is deposited, while the yellow container is assigned the fraction of light containers, and the igloo-shaped green container is assigned collection of glass, and finally to the brown container to which the collection of the fraction of compostable organic matter is assigned. Then there are other containers, which may have a smaller presence, such as the specific container for batteries, the used clothing container. Finally, there is also a container for the rest fraction, that is to say that fraction where it is deposited in the rest of the waste that does not correspond to any of the other fractions assigned to other containers, which unfortunately is today the most container used, and through which it is still collected in most locations something like double what is collected with the sum of what is collected with the rest of the containers.
    [0011]
    [0012] What has in common the collection of waste through the aforementioned container system, is that in any case, the collection is not done in a personalized or personalized way, since, all of them, are collective containers. There is no way of knowing to which people in particular belong the deposited waste, so that, for the defects or errors that have been made due to the deposit or improper waste, at most, only the group to which it belongs can be held responsible or the specific container is assigned.
    [0013] In the face of this traditional system of collective containers, other alternative waste collection systems have been implemented in some cities, which are known as "door-to-door" waste collection systems. The implementation of this system is possible thanks to the authorization of custom hangers, where the waste corresponding to those produced in a dwelling is deposited, in such a way that it is personally inspected by the operators of the system if deposited by the residents of that dwelling in said hangers corresponds to the fraction of waste that is collected that day, and in this case, if the deposit does not correspond to the fraction to be collected that day, or it is not collected, or some type of sanction is imposed on the home where that deposit comes from of waste
    [0014]
    [0015] This system, which unlike the previous one does allow a personalized control of the waste deposit, is expensive because it requires a personalized “door to door” collection, and also an inconvenient result, because it forces citizens to deposit only the fraction every day. that corresponds to that day, having to bear, as an example, the leftovers of seafood during a summer day or two, if the day we eat seafood does not coincide with the day of the collection of organic matter.
    [0016] Given the deficits generated by both systems, it has been tried to develop, what has come to be called "smart containers". Thus, we have been able to see the start-up of one of these smart containers that work with a chip card by the hand of a person in charge of the environment area of a provincial council or municipality, in which we are taught how, thanks to this chip card, the system to which said smart container is connected knows that we have already used the container to deposit the fermentable organic matter with which we will be able to compost, and can even reward us.
    [0017]
    [0018] The fact is that in the same scene of the start-up of these containers, any person who had opened with this chip card could have introduced in that same container the person in charge of the area of environment of provincial provincial or municipality height, and the smart container would not have been closed to prevent such a deposit, and the system would have considered the deposit made good, and would continue to qualify us as good recyclers. It is obvious that the person in charge of the environment area of the Provincial Council or municipality cannot be considered as a fermentable organic material to compost, but it is equally obvious that this container cannot be considered as a “smart container” capable of controlling the waste that is actually deposited by the people who deposit their waste in these containers, since the only thing that controls is that the people who are going to open the container are effectively the people authorized to be able to make the waste deposits in them . That is, there is no possibility of subsequently verifying the contents of the bags deposited by the people who use these waste containers.
    [0019]
    [0020] In other words, the so-called smart containers of controlled opening waste that are used to carry out selective waste collection are “monofractional” contracted opening containers, which only admits a specific fraction of waste, but which then do not allow us to subsequently control whether what is deposited by the people who have used them corresponds to the fraction of waste to which this container is intended. On the contrary, the containers of the system object of this invention are intelligent “polyfunctional” controlled opening containers that admit several fractions of waste provided that they are successively introduced in separate bags, and they are also intelligent containers that allow us to control later that the deposited by the people who have used them, it corresponds to the fraction of waste contained in the respective identification labels that adhere to the different bags that are admitted by this container and the system as a whole.
    [0021]
    [0022] In addition to these control systems for the opening of waste containers, there are patents in the current state of the art relating to "optimization systems for the use of waste containers" such as that resulting from the patent of FERROVIAL SA, P200900758 publication number ES2353498 A1 of 02, -03-2011, which in reality is nothing more than a system that allows to carry out a control and monitoring of the filling of the containers, so that it allows the system to know at all times which containers are full and which are still empty, in order to automatically plan the collection route that is most optimal to generate lower fuel consumption and save time avoiding going to collect those containers that are not filled, and in turn anticipate the collection of those containers filled before that these overflow.
    [0023]
    [0024] There is therefore no waste container management system that allows automated management of the ex post control of what was deposited by the depositor in the state of the art. And there is currently no waste container management system that allows the possibility of selective waste collection through containers, when different fractions of unmixed waste have been deposited ex ante individually in these same containers.
    [0025] With the current system we are forced to have to establish a differentiated waste container for each different fraction of waste that we wish to collect separately. In its virtue, we need to have a container for paper-cardboard, another for light packaging, another for glass, another for the compostable organic fraction, another for batteries, another for clothes, and another for oil, when adding the glue container , which is the container of the remains fraction, which unfortunately is the container where by far more waste is deposited.
    [0026]
    [0027] Consequently we are obliged to develop a specific logistics for each fraction of waste that we wish to collect separately. This generates that for each fraction that has to be collected separately, they have, in turn, to be carried out by the local authorities responsible for the provision of the collection, treatment, use and, where appropriate, disposal of urban waste, the corresponding Tenders for each of these fractions.
    [0028]
    [0029] All this generates a huge expense of both economic resources and personal resources, to which we must add the energy resources that are wasted in countless kilometers traveled by trucks, which otherwise could be avoided by greatly optimizing the selective waste collection.
    [0030]
    [0031] As an alternative to this impossibility of carrying out a joint selective collection, the only thing that exists is the biological mechanical treatment plants, known by the acronym TMB, which allow the ex post separation of the mixed waste that has been deposited in the same container. TMB plants do not allow to identify who has deposited what, with which the personal responsibility of the waste producers is diluted. There is no way to reward those who have done well against those who have done wrong. But this system is especially negative because it in no way encourages one who delves into the first of the objectives established by the hierarchy in waste management, which is the reduction of waste. The reduction is well above reuse and recycling.
    [0032]
    [0033] TMB plants provide comfort to citizens, regardless of the price of this comfort, we are told that we can take what we want as we want it to be there, and then those of the TMB will already be responsible for separating it, if they are interested , but the reality is that with them the only thing that is encouraged is the lack of awareness of the amount of waste we produce. However, in the system and where the devices object of this invention are integrated, the citizen is forced to separate the things in his house, and the citizen with this system all he will want is to have to classify as little as possible so that will try to have the least possible waste.
    [0034]
    [0035] Explanation of the invention.
    [0036]
    [0037] To explain the invention and allow its understanding in a clear way, it is enough to resort to the example of the collection of letters that are made by Post through the mailboxes.
    [0038]
    [0039] In any small or even medium-sized town we will never see that there are different mailboxes for different destinations, so you will find a specific mailbox for the letters that go to Barcelona, another to Valladolid, another to Madrid another to Paris and another to New York. There is only one mailbox, where all letters to be collected by mail in the daily collection are deposited, whatever their destination. What happens is that each of these letters are previously wrapped and closed in their respective envelope where it is stated in the name and address of the sender, and the name of the recipient's address.
    [0040]
    [0041] All deposited cards will be properly sealed depending on the remoteness of the destination, and gives the amount or weight of the content included therein, so that the greater The proximity of the destination pays a lower price, and for the generation of lower content a lower price is also paid. None of these envelopes open, and therefore none of the cards mixes with the others, and no one who picks up the cards can know its contents. Correos collects all the letters deposited in that mailbox and enters them in the corresponding van, and this van downloads all the letters that it has collected during that day at the corresponding logistics branch where the corresponding separation of the letters is made according to their destination, and from there they are sent to the destination branches, and it will be the latter to whom it will be necessary to distribute them to the respective final recipients of these letters.
    [0042]
    [0043] This logical idea of what can be the deposit of content that has an origin and destination, (sender and recipient respectively) has not yet been transferred or extrapolated to the logistics of the waste that has to be treated to recycle or reuse or simply delete. All urban waste has an origin, a sender, that is, a person or household that has produced them. And all urban waste in turn has a destination, a place or treatment unit where they are going to have to carry out the operations of preparation for recycling, recovery or disposal, including preparation prior to recovery or disposal, of the respective waste according to its nature.
    [0044]
    [0045] All this waste could therefore be separated in situ at the place of production of the same, that is, in the respective homes, according to the nature of the same, introducing them in their respective closed bags with the indication of their corresponding treatment unit of destination according to its nature, and always identifying the sender of these wastes, to be able to carry out a subsequent control of the concordance of nature of the waste deposited with the destination of the indicated treatment. All these deposited wastes should be accompanied by a payment for volume generation and another generation payment linked, for example, to the ecological footprint generated by the treatment corresponding to their destination.
    [0046]
    [0047] Therefore, all this waste should be deposited in specific pre-paid bags provided by the local entity responsible for the collection, treatment or use, and where appropriate disposal of waste, to which, a label should be attached Some part of these bags that would indicate the producer of that waste, while indicating the treatment or destination unit corresponding to that waste according to its nature. All these wastes that would have been deposited in these containers would not mix with each other, just as the letters that have been deposited through sealed envelopes in the mailboxes are not mixed together, since the opening for the deposit would have been allowed of only those bags that allowed all the required identification.
    [0048]
    [0049] Subsequently, some trucks would collect all these waste bags, and send them to a central logistics unit, which would classify them according to the destination treatment unit that corresponded to the nature of the waste, which would be previously indicated on the bags through of the identification labels, which will also identify the 'household, producer of this waste through code that does not allow the manipulator to ever know this identity, so that the requirements demanded by the data protection legislation would be scrupulously fulfilled.
    [0050]
    [0051] There, in the central logistics unit, it is where you could proceed to the opening of the mentioned bags, to check if all deposited corresponds to the nature of the waste that is understood to be sent to the treatment destination unit indicated on the label identification that they carry and that has been placed by the resident in the household producing the waste that has been introduced in the aforementioned bag. In this way, those who make a selective collection of waste may be penalized, and those who, on the other hand, may be rewarded has made an appropriate selective collection, proceeding to return part of the money in advance at the rate that has been charged for the provision of the service and the sending of personalized identification tags and bags for the deposit of waste.
    [0052]
    [0053] With this system we can save having to establish a differentiated waste container for each different fraction of waste that we want to collect separately. It is no longer necessary to have a container for paper-cardboard, another for light packaging, another for glass, another for the compostable organic fraction, another for batteries, another for clothes, and another for oil as when adding the glue container, which is The container of the remains fraction, which, as has been said, is unfortunately the container where by far more waste is deposited.
    [0054]
    [0055] Thus, although the collection of the compostable organic faction, according to current legislation, cannot be carried out together with the other fractions (although this would be qualified according to a flexible interpretation of the law, since it is not the same to be together that scrambled), the truth is that the rest of the waste fractions that we consider of interest selectively collected separately, may be deposited in a single container, which follows the container of the rest of the fractions other than compostable organic matter.
    [0056]
    [0057] But it is that this system allows us still a greater advantage, we can provide a selective collection of waste by fractions that exceed the number currently collected, so that you are no longer limited to cardboard paper; lightweight containers; glass; batteries; clothing; To these fractions of selective collection already established in many cities, it would be possible to add other fractions, such as that of diapers for children and adults, plastics that do not integrate any container, such as those of broken toys, but that are of great quality and very usable, that of electronic devices of small size, and thus how many fractions we consider appropriate to collect separately.
    [0058]
    [0059] This system therefore requires a series of specific devices that are patentable and will allow the implementation of the procedure, which is also patentable, which will be the definitive one to optimize the selective collection of waste through the use of waste containers.
    [0060]
    [0061] Thus, in this system, according to this procedure, the citizen, whenever he has waste that corresponds to a certain fraction of waste, he will only have to separate them and put them in a bag. This bag will be a foldable bag that will have a bar code or similar identifying element for each of the 6 sides that it will have once it is closed. This bag will be provided by the local entity responsible for the collection, treatment, and use and disposal of waste.
    [0062]
    [0063] The bar code or similar code that is incorporated on each side of the bags, will serve precisely for that, to identify that the bag corresponds to those provided by the local entity that owns the container where the waste will be deposited. This is intended to prevent the introduction of bags other than those provided by the local entity that owns the waste containers that manages the selective collection of these wastes into the containers. At the same time, it is intended to encourage the payment of the fee to be made per generation, since the more bags of deposits we consume the more volume of waste we will be generating, so controlling the deposit of bags and charging for them, it is possible to control the payment is made by generation. The system will know at all times how many bags and what type of bags by size we are consuming, by virtue of it, the local entity will send the corresponding spare parts to the homes for the bags consumed, in order to guarantee the homes availability these bags
    [0064] The citizen, each time he takes one of these bags and separately enters the waste in question, will add to this bag the identification tag corresponding to the nature of this waste, where it will consist, on the one hand, by means of a bar code or similar system of Identification of this citizen or of the household in which this citizen is registered, while on the other hand, on the same label, the nature of the waste that will have been introduced in this bag will also be identified with its corresponding color and code. All of this will serve to ensure that once this bag of waste arrives at the central logistics unit, it properly classifies it for shipment to the corresponding destination treatment unit of this waste according to its nature.
    [0065]
    [0066] The labels fulfill another essential function, which is to allow the containers that are owned by the local entity, only to be deposited waste from people registered in that same local entity, preventing the so-called “waste tourism”. to the extent that we are consuming and placing the corresponding labels in the bags that we are going to deposit, the system will replace these labels and send them to our house.
    [0067]
    [0068] Deposited in the waste container the bag provided by the local entity with its corresponding and identifying label of the person producing waste and the nature of said waste, this bag of waste will be collected by a truck, and transferred through it to a central classification and control unit.
    [0069]
    [0070] This central logistics unit classifying and supervising the waste bags sent, will have the technical and human elements that will allow the verification that the deposited waste corresponds to the nature indicated on the identification label, and then send the waste to the unit of destination treatment that corresponds in accordance with their nature, so that there they receive the appropriate treatment that allows their recovery for recycling or other forms of use, as their case its elimination with full sanitary hygienic guarantee.
    [0071]
    [0072] The system will therefore know the volume of waste we produce, and the nature of the same, as well as the degree of classification or proper prior separation that we do on our part.
    [0073]
    [0074] As previously, to this citizen, the local entity to which the waste management corresponds will have charged the corresponding fee for this service in advance, which will include all logistic costs such as transportation, amortization expenses plus consumption of the treatment and classification plants, the bags consumed the labels consumed etc., the same system will be responsible for rewarding those who have done well, and to return it to the same account where to charge the fee, the payment corresponding to his prize for his good practices in relation to the waste that will have allowed an optimization in his utilization, and a reduction in the production of the same.
    [0075]
    [0076] This and no other should be the goal pursued by the different instruments that add to the logistic management of waste. Therefore, with this invention, we generate an authentic "Waste Post" system where the waste containers are now the "waste mailboxes".
    [0077]
    [0078] Once this introductory explanation has been made, for the purpose of defining what the claims of this application will be, the following structured exposition of the devices and the procedure that is implemented thanks to these devices is carried out:
    [0079] To implement this procedure, the following devices must necessarily be incorporated:
    [0080]
    [0081] to. “Smart containers for the selective collection of polyfunctional waste” that have an upper cover that protrudes a niche that has a front opening that will open after verification, through a reader or scanner or similar element, of a code of identification contained in the label attached to a bag of waste that later will have to be introduced in the aforementioned niche.
    [0082]
    [0083] o This niche at the top is equipped with an empty interior space where there are a minimum of 6 readers or scanners on each inner side, which allows the introduction of a waste bag, so that, once the niche is closed, it is It is possible to carry out the reading by scanner, both of the codes that will appear on the waste bags to be introduced, and of the code of the personalized label that the depositor of the waste has adhered to the bag, to identify that both the bag belongs to the entity responsible for the management of these containers, such as that the person who deposits the waste constitutes a taxpayer of the entity that manages that waste.
    [0084]
    [0085] o This niche, in turn, will have a trapdoor at the bottom of its interior, which, once the codes of the bags have been verified, will be opened, by means of a mechanism that can be manual or automatic, so that This way the waste bag falls inside the waste container.
    [0086]
    [0087] o These containers will have, on the one hand, an electronic memory unit linked to a computer processing unit, and on the other hand, a data transmission and reception unit. The data transmission will be used to transfer all the information collected by the readers of the codes of the introduced bags and of the identifying adhesive labels introduced with it. While the reception of data will be used to receive the information that allows the incorporation of new codes of new users or taxpayers of the rate, as well as the new codes of new waste fractions.
    [0088]
    [0089] o This information may be received and transmitted electronically through the data transmission network to the central computer or computer processing unit, and alternatively, when there is no data transmission network, this information may be transmitted to the waste collection truck via "bluetooth" or analog wireless electronic system.
    [0090]
    [0091] o The release of the top cover for lifting and then lowering it back to its place can be done manually, or through hydraulic actuators automatically by actuating through a signal such as that which can be done from the pickup truck itself. In addition, the release of the top cover can be done using the force of the arm of the side-loading waste truck, for which a remote-operated electromechanical mechanism will be activated that will release the latch that will keep the lid locked, which in turn it will be remotely operated by the pick-up truck, when approached by infrared or a type of radio frequency. This cover can be made to go down an arm of the truck itself and will fall by gravity being mechanically locked by the latch of the cover that will have a slip. The lid when you don't have An active hydraulic actuator will have passive pneumatic telescopes such as the rear doors of the vehicles.
    [0092]
    [0093] b. Some bags of waste that will have a self-closing system, and a minimum of 6 identical codes on a minimum of 6 sides that will serve to identify them as bags belonging to the system managed by the entity responsible for collecting the waste, so that they are verified for a minimum of 6 scanners. This minimum of 6 identical codes on a minimum of 6 sides is intended to prevent other non-system bags from entering the niche together with the bag belonging to the system, so if a foreign body is introduced into the niche together With a system bag, this foreign body would make it impossible to verify the codes of the bags on the side where the foreign bag is located, making it impossible to introduce the foreign element inside the waste container.
    [0094] c. Identification labels attached to the waste bags , whose codes will be verified by any of the scanners that exist inside the niche of the lid of the waste container, and that they identify through a specific code:
    [0095]
    [0096] o On the one hand, they identify through a code the household or taxpayer of the rate that turns out to be the producer of the waste that has been introduced into the bag.
    [0097]
    [0098] o On the other hand, they identify through another code the nature of the waste that goes inside, in order to be able to send that waste to the corresponding destination treatment unit.
    [0099]
    [0100] d. A central logistics unit where the bags collected by the different containers belonging to the system managed by the entity responsible for the collection of waste are collected, which classifies the bags by virtue of the reading made by scanning the waste code that incorporates the labels and send them to the respective pre-treatment units that correspond by destination, once by the operators of the central logistics unit and the artificial vision sensors, if any, it has been verified that the waste deposited inside the bags correspond to the nature of the waste listed on the label attached to the waste bag.
    [0101]
    [0102] and. A central computer or computer processing unit that processes,
    [0103] o On the one hand, the information conferred by the codes that allow to know who and what type of waste have been spilled into the system thanks to the identification tag codes attached to the bags, in order to be able to replace the bags and labels and send them at home, to the citizen or taxpayer of the rate that the waste has been discharged into a container.
    [0104]
    [0105] o On the other hand, the information transmitted by the central logistics unit regarding who has introduced waste into the bags that does not correspond to the identification code that accredits the nature of the waste, in order to be able to impose a surcharge on the fee or your case deprive you of a discount or partial refund on the prepaid rate.
    [0106]
    [0107] In turn to this cover additionally, you can add the following devices:
    [0108]
    [0109] • It is also possible to place a fire detection and extinguishing mechanism that has a temperature sensor and / or a smoke sensor, which generates an alarm and additionally a camera that allows to verify the existence of a fire in the inside the container and activate the fire extinguisher drive that incorporates the upper lid of the container itself.
    [0110]
    [0111] • A mechanism that optimizes the use of the useful volume of the container can be placed, for which it will be placed under the discharge hatch that allows the fall of the waste bag inside the container an adjustable retractable sliding ramp operated by a motorized system that receives the information of a computer system that in turn receives the information of a load volume sensor, which serves to alternately orient the direction of the ramp to the place inside the container that has a lower accumulation of the bag to ensure an optimal use of the interior space of the waste container.
    [0112]
    [0113] There is also the following alternative structural approach with respect to the waste containers of this system through the following variant:
    [0114]
    [0115] to. The lid mentioned in letter a) may be a lid structurally attached to the body of the mobile waste container, the contents of which will be tipped into the collection truck,
    [0116]
    [0117] b. The lid mentioned in letter a) can also be an independent lid arranged on an independent fixed structure attached to the ground, which will serve, when this container is not buried, to also wrap and hold the waste container , leaving free totally or partially the rear part that gives the road, so that when the pick-up truck came, either through a manual mechanism, or through a remote drive mechanism, the other mechanisms could be activated, automatic or no, release of the lid that compresses the container, in order to collect the container, pour its contents onto the truck and return it to its place.
    [0118]
    [0119] On the other hand, the opening and closing of the upper lid of the "intelligent containers for selective polyfunctional collection" can alternatively be carried out by means of structural and functional variants characterized by the fact that:
    [0120]
    [0121] to. The release of the top cover to lift it and then lower it back to its place can be done manually. In this case, additionally, the cover when it does not have an active hydraulic actuators, will have passive pneumatic telescopes such as the rear gates of the vehicles.
    [0122] b. Alternatively, the release of the top cover to lift and then lower it can also be done through hydraulic actuators and automatically by means of a signal such as that which can be done from the pickup truck itself.
    [0123]
    [0124] c. Alternatively, in addition to this, the release of the top cover can be carried out using the force of the arm of the side-loading waste collection truck, for which a remote-operated electromechanical mechanism will be activated that will release the latch that will keep the lid locked, which in turn will be operated remotely by the pickup truck, when approached by infrared or a type of radio frequency.
    [0125]
    [0126] d. This cover can be made to go down an arm of the truck itself and will fall by gravity being mechanically locked by the latch of the cover that will have a slip.
    [0127] and. Alternatively, this cover can be made to lower thanks to some feet on which the container rests when it is lowered by the pick-up truck. These feet will move guided in a fixed guides and will be joined in joint by the bottom of a leg, which in turn, will be joined by the top of them to the bottom of the lid, so when the truck lift the lid, this will necessarily lift these feet up. On the contrary, when these feet are lifted, the container that is being lowered by the truck rests on them, this feet, by the weight of the container and the force of the truck will drag down on their way down to the legs to which they are attached in articulation, and with this, these legs will lower the lid of the container, which will be again locked on the wrapping structure of the container, when the slip or equivalent mechanism passes through the housings of the latches that are attached to the fixed wrapping elements of the container.
    [0128]
    [0129] Finally, the procedure that is implemented by the described devices, which make up this system to optimize the selective collection of waste through the use of containers and other added devices, which converts the “smart container for the selective collection of polyfunctional waste” This system that allows the deposit of different fractions of waste in the same container without mixing them in a kind of "waste mail" mailbox would be the following:
    [0130]
    [0131] to. A citizen, or taxpayer of a waste rate, has introduced some waste in an identified waste bag with a minimum of 6 codes at the rate of 1 code for each side of the bag that proves that, the bag has been provided by the entity that manages the collection.
    [0132]
    [0133] b. The citizen, or taxpayer of a waste tax, closes the bag once it is filled by means of the self-closing system that incorporates the bag itself, and places and attaches, on one of the sides of the bag, an adhesive identification tag , whose codes will be verified by another scanner or reader that exists inside the niche of the lid of the waste container, and that they identify through a specific code, on the one hand to the household or taxable person producing waste that receives the rate , and on the other hand, that they identify through another code the nature of the waste that goes inside to the effects of being able to send that waste to the corresponding destination treatment unit.
    [0134]
    [0135] c. The citizen, or taxpayer of a waste rate, goes to the nearest waste container with that bag full of certain waste that constitutes a fraction corresponding to the selective collection of waste previously established, and notwithstanding that it may also carry other waste bags with other fractions, place this bag, with its respective code and its respective adhesive label, on the scanner that controls the opening of the front door of the niche that is at the top of the lid of the waste container, which allows you to place the waste bag on the inside of the niche.
    [0136]
    [0137] d. The citizen, or taxpayer of a waste tax, then activates a mechanism that allows the closure of said niche. Once the niche is closed, it is verified that both the codes of the identification tags and the codes of the bags correspond to the system managed by the entity in charge of waste management through payment per generation, and verified said codes are activates a trap door that allows the waste bag to fall into the waste container.
    [0138] and. This same citizen, or taxpayer of a waste tax, will then be able to introduce another bag with a different fraction with a different label, in this same container by this same procedure described.
    [0139]
    [0140] F. For each deposit a transmission is made to the data transmission network to which it is connected, through which you know instantly which citizen has deposited what waste.
    [0141]
    [0142] g. A collection truck lifts the container, after lifting the upper cover, and then empties all the bags contained within the waste container inside said collection truck. When in the area where it is necessary to carry out the collection it lacks coverage, the transmission of data is carried out from the container to the truck.
    [0143]
    [0144] h. Then said pick-up truck transfers those bags and the other bags that it has collected from other containers, to a central logistics unit and telematically transmits the data stored by its system to the central computer computing processing unit.
    [0145]
    [0146] i. The central logistics unit separates the bags based on the waste code contained on the labels attached to the bags and which accredit the nature of the waste contained inside. Once these bags have been classified by virtue of their codes, they are opened, and it is verified that the waste contained within them corresponds to the nature of the waste that responds to the code of the label attached to The waste bag.
    [0147]
    [0148] j. A central computer or computational processing unit checks, through the reading of the codes of the identification labels attached to the bags, to the taxable persons of residual rates that have made the waste deposits that day, as well as the nature of the waste that they appear on the corresponding labels attached to the waste bags.
    [0149]
    [0150] k. This verification of the subjects is contrasted with the information provided by the central logistics unit, regarding the correct correspondence of the waste actually deposited with the nature that the labels attached to the waste bags accredit, so that with this information you can know and to know the specific traceability that corresponds to the production of waste that is carried out by each citizen or taxpayer of the waste rate, with which the information that allows individualizing the responsibility of each citizen in the production of their waste will be available , which will be able to reward those citizens who produce little waste, and if they produce them, classify them properly, thereby contributing to a greater use of them.
    [0151]
    [0152] Brief description of the drawings
    [0153]
    [0154] To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description, where illustrative and non-limiting nature has been represented. following:
    [0155] Figure 1.-
    [0156] It shows a front view of an “intelligent container for the selective collection of polyfunctional waste” that coincides with the side that would face the sidewalk and allows the user to be deposited from it.
    [0157]
    [0158] In the upper part of the lid of the container you can see the niche that initially receives the waste, which is open and you can see inside a bag of waste with their respective codes that accredits it as a bag authorized by the system , and next to one of these codes you can see an identification label that has, on the one hand, a code that identifies the household or taxpayer of the collection rate that has been the depositor of the waste, and on the other, it has of another code that accredits the nature of the waste to which their respective destination treatment unit corresponds.
    [0159]
    [0160] Figure 2.-
    [0161] It shows a rear view of an “intelligent container for selective polyfunctional waste collection” that coincides with the side that would give the road where it will be collected by a pick-up truck.
    [0162]
    [0163] It can be seen with the lid ajar, as said lid is attached to a fixed structure independent of the container that will be subsequently lifted by a pick-up truck for the pouring of the bags contained therein.
    [0164]
    [0165] Figure 3.-
    [0166] It shows a rear view that coincides with the side that would give the road where it will be picked up by a pick-up truck, where you can see the fully open lid of an “intelligent container for the selective collection of polyfunctional waste”, where said lid is attached to a fixed structure independent of the container that is fully lifted by the truck itself and that has a mechanism that allows the top and bottom of the waste container to be lowered and closed when the container is supported by guided articulated feet legs that are in turn attached to the bottom of the lid of the waste container.
    [0167]
    [0168] Relation of references of Figures:
    [0169]
    [0170] 1. Intelligent container for selective polyfunctional waste collection.
    [0171]
    [0172] 2. Top lid of the container.
    [0173]
    [0174] 3. Niche that exists in the upper part of the waste lid, which is used to read the codes of the waste bags to be deposited in the container and of the labels attached to said bags.
    [0175]
    [0176] 4. Reader or scanner of the front opening to enable opening prior verification of the code.
    [0177]
    [0178] 5. Adhesive label that adheres to waste bags that contain a code (5A) that serves to identify the producer of the waste and also contains another code (5B) that serves to identify the specific fraction of waste that corresponds to his, her nature.
    [0179] 6. Waste bag that will carry its corresponding identification code that certifies that the generation payment bag that has been provided by the person responsible for the management of the waste system.
    [0180]
    [0181] 7. Scanners or readers inside the niche that exists at the top of the lid.
    [0182] 8. Codes that will appear on the waste bags to be introduced in the containers.
    [0183]
    [0184] 9. Trap that, once the codes of the bags have been verified, will be opened, through a mechanism that can be manual or automatic, so that the waste bag falls into the waste container.
    [0185]
    [0186] 10. Fixed structure independent of the container attached to the ground (10) to which the lid will be attached, which will serve, when this container is not buried, to also wrap and hold the waste container.
    [0187]
    [0188] 11. Latch with its respective slip housing that will serve to block the lid and prevent the wind from lifting it.
    [0189]
    [0190] 12. Slip of the lid latch that will be retracted by an electromechanical mechanism as with any door lock.
    [0191]
    [0192] 13. Feet of the mechanism that allows the lowering and closing of the top lid of the waste container when it has an independent enclosure structure.
    [0193]
    [0194] 14. Guides by which the feet of the mechanism that allows the lowering and closing of the top lid of the waste container when guided by an independent wrapping structure are guided.
    [0195]
    [0196] 15. Legs articulated at the foot of the mechanism that allows the lowering and closing of the top lid of the waste container when it has an independent wrapping structure.
    [0197]
    [0198] Preferred Embodiment of the Invention
    [0199]
    [0200] In principle, a fixed envelope element would be manufactured to a conventional plastic waste container with lateral loading.
    [0201]
    [0202] 1) This fixed element, a fixed element surrounding a conventional plastic waste container, would have fixed sides with a fixed rear part and a practicable top cover that would be lifted to release the container that would have only a fixed front skirting board.
    [0203]
    [0204] 2) The release of the top cover will be carried out using the force of the arm of the side-loading waste truck, for which a remote-operated electromechanical mechanism will be activated that will release the latch that will keep the lid locked, which in turn It will be operated remotely by the pick-up truck, when approached by infrared. This cover will be lowered by an arm of the truck itself and will fall by gravity being mechanically locked by the cover latch that will have a slip.
    [0205]
    [0206] 3) On this cover a niche with an interior space will be placed that will have 6 scanners that will serve to read the 6 codes that have the 6 sides of the bags. The opening of the aforementioned front door that will allow the introduction of the bags of waste, it will be carried out by means of an electromechanical drive when on a collector scanner that is disposed outside of said strut stage of the niche, a bag is placed on the side or where you can read the attached label and a code of the same bag.
    [0207]
    [0208] 4) On the contrary, the closing of the front door of said niche will be carried out by means of an automatic mechanism activated by the foot of the person who is going to deposit the bag inside it.
    [0209]
    [0210] 5) In turn, a trapdoor will be placed at the bottom of said niche, which will be electromechanically actuated and will allow the waste bag to fall inside the niche inside the waste container.
    [0211]
    [0212] The other devices that make up the present system, such as the adhesive labels identifying the nature of the waste and the people from whom the waste comes and thus the bags with the identification codes, will be commissioned among the different manufacturers that exist that can make them.
    [0213]
    [0214] The rest of the logistic elements of informatics that are integrated in the common central logistics unit central processing unit, can also be commissioned to the different manufacturers that make this type of facilities customized to the specific productive needs.
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    1. System to optimize the selective collection of waste by using containers and other added devices, characterized in that it comprises the following devices:
    a) “Smart containers for selective polyfunctional waste collection” (1) that have an upper cover (2) from which a niche (3) with a front opening (4) protrudes, which will open after verification, through a reader or scanner or similar element, from an identification code contained in the attached label (5) to a waste bag (6) that will later be introduced in the aforementioned niche.
    o This niche in the upper part is provided with an empty interior space where there are a minimum of 6 readers or scanners (7) on each inner side, which allows the introduction of a bag of waste (6), so that a Once the niche (3) is closed, it is possible to carry out the reading by scanner, both of the codes that will appear on the waste bags to be introduced (8) in the containers (1), and of the codes of the personalized label that the depositor of the waste have adhered to the bag, to identify that both the bag (6) belongs to the entity responsible for the management of those containers, and that the person who deposits the waste constitutes a taxable person of the entity that manages that waste.
    o This niche, in turn, will have a trapdoor (9) at the bottom of its interior, which, once the codes of the bags have been verified, will be opened, by means of a mechanism that can be manual or automatic, so that in this way the waste bag falls inside the waste container.
    o These containers will have, on the one hand, an electronic memory unit linked to a computer processing unit, and on the other hand, a data transmission and reception unit. The data transmission will be used to transfer all the information collected by the readers of the codes of the introduced bags and of the identifying adhesive labels (5) introduced with it. While the reception of data will be used to receive the information that allows the incorporation of new codes of new users or taxpayers of the rate, as well as the new codes of new waste fractions.
    o This information may be received and transmitted electronically through the data transmission network to the central computer or computer processing unit, and alternatively, when there is no data transmission network, this information may be transmitted to the waste collection truck via "bluetooth" or analog wireless electronic system.
    b) Waste bags (6) that will have a self-closing system, and a minimum of 6 identical codes (8) on a minimum of 6 sides that will be used to identify them as bags belonging to the system managed by the entity responsible for collection of waste, to be verified by a minimum of 6 scanners (7). This minimum of 6 identical codes on a minimum of 6 sides is intended to prevent other non-system bags from entering the niche together with the bag belonging to the system, so if a foreign body is introduced into the niche along with a system bag, this foreign body would make it impossible to verify the codes of the bags on the side where the foreign bag is located, making it impossible to introduce the foreign element inside of the waste container.
    c) Identification labels attached to the waste bags (5), whose codes will be verified by any of the scanners that exist inside the niche of the lid of the waste container, and that they identify through a specific code:
    o On the one hand, they identify through a code (5A) the household or taxpayer of the rate that turns out to be the producer of the waste that has been introduced into the bag.
    o On the other hand, they identify through another code (5B) the nature of the waste that goes inside, for the purpose of being able to send that waste to the corresponding destination treatment unit.
    d) A central logistics unit where the bags collected by the different containers belonging to the system managed by the entity responsible for the collection of waste are collected, which classifies the bags (6) by virtue of the reading made by scanner of the code of waste that incorporates the labels (5) and sends them to the respective pre-treatment units that correspond by destination, once by the operators of the central logistics unit and the artificial vision sensors, if any, it has been verified that The waste deposited inside the bags corresponds to the nature of the waste identified on the label attached to the waste bag.
    e) A central computer or computer processing unit that processes:
    o On the one hand, the information conferred by the codes (5a and 5B) that allow to know who and what type of waste has been spilled into the system thanks to the identification tag codes attached to the bags, in order to replace the bags (6) and labels (5) and send them home, to the citizen or taxpayer of the rate that has been discharged from the waste into a container (1).
    o On the other hand, the information transmitted by the central logistics unit regarding who has introduced waste in the bags (6) that does not correspond to the identification code that accredits the nature of the waste (5B), in order to be able to impose a surcharge on the fee or, where appropriate, deprive you of a discount or partial refund on the prepaid rate.
    [2]
    2. System for optimizing the selective collection of waste by using containers and other added devices, according to claim 1 section a) in which in addition to the top cover of the "smart containers for selective polyfunctional collection", you can add a device characterized in that it comprises:
    A fire detection and extinguishing mechanism that has a temperature sensor and / or a smoke sensor, which generates an alarm and additionally a camera that allows to verify the existence of a fire inside the container and Activate the fire extinguisher drive that incorporates the top lid of the container itself.
    [3]
    3 . System for optimizing the selective collection of waste by using containers and other added devices, according to claim 1 section a) in which in addition to the top cover of the "smart containers for selective polyfunctional collection", another characterized device can be added because it includes:
    A mechanism optimizing the use of the useful volume of the container for which it will be available, under the discharge hatch (9) that serves to allow the waste bag (6) to fall inside the container (5), of a sliding ramp Adjustable rotating retractable operated by a motorized system that receives the information of a computer system that in turn receives the information of a load volume sensor, which serves to alternately orient the direction of the ramp to the place inside the container that have a smaller accumulation of the bag to ensure optimum use of the interior space of the waste container.
    [4]
    4 . System for optimizing the selective collection of waste by use of containers and other added devices, according to claim 1 section a), wherein the upper cover (2) of the "smart containers for selective polyfunctional collection" (1) alternatively, is You can configure it by means of structural variants characterized by the fact that:
    a) The lid (2) can be a lid structurally attached to the body of the mobile waste container, the content of which will be tipped into the collection truck.
    b) Said lid can also be an independent lid arranged on an independent fixed structure attached to the floor (10), which will serve, when this container is not buried, also to wrap and hold the waste container, leaving the whole or partially free back that gives the road, so that when the pick-up truck came, either through a manual mechanism, or through a remote drive mechanism, the other mechanisms, automatic or not, releasers could be activated. the lid that compresses the container, in order to collect the container, pour its contents onto the truck and return it to its place.
    [5]
    5. System to optimize the selective collection of waste by using containers and other added devices, according to claim 1 section a), in which the opening and closing of the upper cover (2) of the "smart containers for the selective collection of multifunctional "(1) alternatively, it can be carried out by means of structural and functional variants characterized by the fact that:
    b) The release of the top cover (2) to lift it and then lower it by returning it to its place can be done manually. In this case, additionally, the cover (2) when it does not have an active hydraulic actuators, will have passive pneumatic telescopes such as the rear gates of the vehicles.
    c) Alternatively, the release of the top cover to lift it and then lower it can also be done through hydraulic actuators and automatically by means of a signal such as that which can be done from the pickup truck itself.
    d) Alternatively, in addition to this, the release of the upper cover can be carried out using the force of the arm of the side-loading waste pick-up truck for which a remote-operated electromechanical mechanism that will release the latch (11) will be activated. It will keep the lid locked, which in turn will be operated remotely by the pick-up truck, when approached by infrared or a type of radio frequency.
    e) This cover can be made to go down by an arm of the truck itself and will fall by gravity being mechanically locked by the latch of the cover that will have a slip (12).
    f) Alternatively, this cover can be made to lower thanks to some feet (13) on which the container rests when it is lowered by the pick-up truck. These feet will move guided in a fixed guides (14) and will be joined in articulation by the bottom of a leg (15), which in turn, will be joined by the top of them to the bottom of the lid (2), so that when the truck lifts the lid, it will necessarily lift these feet up. On the contrary, when these feet (13) are lifted, the container that is being lowered by the truck rests on them, this feet (13), due to the weight of the container and the force of the truck they will drag on their way down to the legs (15) to which they are joined in articulation, and with this these legs will lower the lid of the container, which will be again locked on the wrapping structure of the container, when the slip (12) or equivalent mechanism passes through the housings of the latches (11) that are attached to the fixed container wrapping elements.
    [6]
    6. Procedure that is implemented by the described devices that make up this system to optimize the selective collection of waste by use of containers and other devices added according to claim 1, characterized by the following operating operation that converts the "smart container for Selective polyfunctional waste collection ” of this system that allows the deposit of different waste fractions in the same container without mixing them in a kind of“ waste mail ”mailbox:
    a) A citizen, or taxpayer of a waste tax, has introduced waste in a waste bag (6) identified with a minimum of 6 codes (8) at the rate of 1 code for each side of the bag that proves that , the bag has been provided by the entity that manages the collection.
    b) The citizen, or taxpayer of a waste tax, closes the bag (6) once it is filled by the self-closing system that incorporates the bag itself, and places and adheres, on one side of the bag , an adhesive identification label (5), whose codes will be verified by another scanner or reader (7) that exists inside the niche (3) of the lid (2) of the waste container (1), and that they identify through of a specific code, on the one hand to the household or taxpayer producing waste that receives the rate (5A), and on the other hand, that identify through another code the nature of the waste (5B) that goes inside them to the effects of being able to send that waste to the corresponding destination treatment unit.
    c) The citizen, or taxpayer of a waste rate, goes to the nearest waste container (2) with that bag (6) filled with certain waste that constitutes a fraction corresponding to the selective collection of waste previously established, and notwithstanding that it may also carry other waste bags with other fractions, place this bag, with its respective code (8) and its respective adhesive label (5), on the scanner (4) that controls the opening of the front door of the niche (3) which is on top of the lid of the waste container, which allows you to place the waste bag (6) on the inside of the niche.
    d) The citizen, or taxpayer of a waste tax, then activates a mechanism that allows the closure of said niche. Once the niche is closed, it is verified that the codes of the identification labels (5A and 5B) and the codes of the bags (8) correspond to the system managed by the entity in charge of waste management through payment by generation, and verified these codes activates a trapdoor (9) that allows the waste bag (6) to fall into the waste container (1).
    e) This same citizen, or taxpayer of a waste tax, will then be able to introduce another bag (6) with a different fraction with a different label, in this same container by this same described procedure.
    f) For each deposit a transmission is made to the data transmission network to which it is connected, through which you know instantly which citizen has deposited what waste.
    g) A collection truck lifts the container, after lifting the top cover (2), and then empties all the bags (6) contained within the waste container (1) inside said collection truck, when in the area where where it is necessary to carry out the collection without coverage, the transmission of data is carried out from the container to the truck.
    h) Then said pick-up truck transfers those bags (6) and the other bags (6) that it has collected from other containers, to a central logistics unit and telematically transmits the data stored by its system to the central computer computing processing unit.
    i) The central logistics unit separates the bags according to the waste code contained in the labels attached (5) to the bags (6) and which accredit the nature of the waste contained inside. Once these bags have been classified by virtue of their codes (5A and 5B), they are opened, and it is verified that the waste contained within them actually corresponds to the nature of the waste that responds to the code (5B) of the label attached (5) to the waste bag (6).
    j) A central computer or computational processing unit checks through the codes of the identification labels attached to the bags to the taxable persons of residual rates (5A) that have made the waste deposits that day, as well as the nature of the waste listed on the corresponding labels attached to the waste bags (6).
    k) This verification of the subjects is contrasted with the information provided by the central logistics unit, regarding the correct correspondence of the waste actually deposited with the nature accredited by the labels attached (5) to the waste bags, so that with This information can be known and know the specific traceability that corresponds to the production of waste that is carried out by each citizen or taxpayer of the waste rate, with which the information that allows individualizing the responsibility of each citizen in the production of their waste, which will be able to reward those citizens who produce little waste, and if they produce them, classify them properly, thereby contributing to a greater use of them.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2730380B2|2020-07-27|
    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
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    ES201800115A|ES2730380B2|2018-05-09|2018-05-09|System to optimize the selective collection of waste through the use of containers and other added devices and the procedure for their use|ES201800115A| ES2730380B2|2018-05-09|2018-05-09|System to optimize the selective collection of waste through the use of containers and other added devices and the procedure for their use|
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